The moon is the closest space object to us, which has attracted the attention of astronomers and scientists since time immemorial. Not all the mysteries of this satellite have been solved. This article will list the most interesting unsolved mysteries of the moon.

How the Moon appeared

The origin of our satellite remains the most interesting mystery. There are several theories regarding how the moon originated. Some scientists believe that in time immemorial it broke away from our planet, after which it formed into a separate cosmic body, and on our planet, in place of the missing piece, the Pacific Ocean was formed.

According to another theory, once our Earth collided with the protoplanetary Theia, which is at the stage of formation. After this cosmic accident, a cloud of dust and debris formed, which later combined to form the moon.

Due to the size of the moon, which is too large for a satellite, some scientists prefer to call it a planet. According to official data, it is known that it remains a natural satellite of the Earth.

What are moonquakes and why do they happen

As you know, on our Earth, or rather in some of its corners, earthquakes often occur. The reason for this is the movement of tectonic plates. However, there are no such plates on the satellite of our planet, but, despite this, periodically shaking occurs there, which is usually called moonquakes. Experts say that the tidal activity of the Earth is the cause of this phenomenon. In addition, according to other versions, earthquakes on the moon can be provoked by collisions with meteorites or solar activity of a certain nature. The average duration of the shaking on the satellite does not exceed ten minutes, and the power is five and a half points on the Richter scale. This is enough to move small objects.

Artificial buildings on the moon

All kinds of satellites studying our natural neighbor often record various structures located on its surface and of unknown origin. Among them, the most unusual are considered to be pyramids and similar structures. Who built them?

The height of lunar structures varies widely - from a couple of meters to a kilometer. There is an assumption that these buildings were left after ancient intelligent civilizations, the existence of which may soon be proven. Our advanced ancestors may have lived on Earth, or on another planet, located not very far from the Earth. They could visit our house for various purposes, for example, to extract minerals, food, or teach the life of ancient wild people. Official research organizations, such as NASA, deny the presence of man-made structures on the moon, and all photographs with them are recognized as fake.

Dust of the moon

This kind of soil of our satellite brings a lot of problems and inconveniences to astronauts. It has a finely dispersed structure, similar to flour, it can penetrate even the smallest cracks of the lunar rovers. Astronauts who have been to the moon flew back with skin irritations. As it turned out, moon dust can even get under a spacesuit.

The most surprising thing is that the smell of the dust of the moon is very much like gunpowder. It is believed that even a steel object cannot be in contact with it for a long time. The most durable material wears out quickly when exposed to it.

Moonlight

It is believed that if moonlight falls on a person's face during sleep, then he will certainly have nightmares. The disappointing forensic statistics show that the number of suicides and crimes increases dramatically during the full moon. Thus, it can be assumed that the Moon affects a person, and not in the most positive way.

All-consuming moon shadow

Astronauts B. Aldrin and N. Armstrong during their first visit to our satellite noticed that the shadow on it, which is cast by various objects, has a denser structure than the shadow on Earth. The moon shadow turned out to be much darker and more saturated. A little later, astronomers found out that this is due to the absence of an atmosphere on the Moon.

The most interesting thing is that if the astronaut entered the shadow with one foot, then he completely ceased to see it. All objects falling into the shadow on the moon became, as it were, invisible. Because of this unusual phenomenon, the work on the maintenance of space research equipment was noticeably complicated, since it was very difficult for astronauts to completely exclude the falling of a shadow on its parts during work.

MOON: riddles and secrets

The moon is rich in the power of suggestion,
There is always a mystery around her.
She echoes us: "Life is a reflection,
But this ghost does not breathe by accident. "

With its ray, ray of pale green,
She caresses, strangely so exciting
And encourages the soul to long moans
Influenced by a fatal kiss

With my damage, a fortnight's death
And with a new sovereign radiance
She repeats about sadness is not aimless,
That the light awaits us after dying.

But, beckoning us with unforgettable hope,
She herself fell asleep in the pale distance,
Beauty of constant longing,
The supreme mistress of sorrow.

Constantin Balmont

Neil Armstrong (American astronaut who participated in the expedition to the moon):

Aliens have their bases on the moon, but, apparently, are in no hurry to establish mutual contact. Their behavior showed a desire to expel us from the moon!

ALIEN BASES ON THE MOON?

Back in 1865, astronomers noticed how one of the large lunar craters suddenly changed its appearance. Before that, a small light gray cloud appeared over the crater. In 1948, a very intense orange flash was seen inside Plato's crater, and in 1955, the American scientist McCorkle noticed a bright flash on the moon that lasted as much as 35 seconds. On November 3, 1958, Professor I.A.Kozyrev was able to observe the most real eruption of a lunar volcano.

At that time it was a real sensation, because scientists believed that the volcanic processes on the Moon had long since ended. In addition to eruptions, changes in the color of individual regions were also noted on the surface of our planet's satellite. The most daring researchers even put forward the assumption that the change in the color of the lunar surface is associated with the development of primitive vegetation. Even before the beginning of the study of the natural satellite of the Earth by space automatic stations, astronomers observed strange geometrically regular formations on the lunar surface. Thus, straight lines were seen emanating from some of the craters and even connecting them to each other.

It seemed that after the expeditions of the Americans, no mysteries would remain on the Moon, because 12 astronauts visited it, who directly examined its surface for 80 hours and delivered 400 kilograms of samples to Earth. However, after the lunar expeditions, it seems that mysteries have only increased. First, of the 12 planned lunar landings, for some reason, only half were carried out. Why? Secondly, there is generally known not officially confirmed information that the Americans saw spaceships of an extraterrestrial civilization on the Moon. Thirdly, after the flights to the moon, American astronauts have changed a lot: someone became very religious, someone took up parapsychology ...

The first spacecraft to bring people to the moon was Apollo 11. The crew included Amstrong, Collins and Aldrin. in the evenings he sits and looks out of the dark window, has drunk heavily and in general something incomprehensible happens to him.
Edgar Mitchell, a member of the Apollo 14 expedition, has become interested in parapsychology since 1973. He even founded an institute to study the phenomena of the human psyche. Over the years of research, as Mitchell assures, he became convinced that it is possible to bring together science and mystical experience, and supernatural phenomena are considered quite natural. What could make this strong man change his destiny so drastically? Many researchers believe that the Americans witnessed such an incredible event on the moon that they were forced to simply curtail the Apollo program.

Maybe the reason for this was the presence on the Earth's satellite of a very active activity of another civilization, which the American ufologist Fred Steckling wrote about in his book "We Found Alien Bases on the Moon"? He analyzed about ten thousand photographs of the lunar surface and came to the conclusion that many of them clearly contain artificial objects of very impressive sizes. Fred Stekling, together with his son, also managed to carry out personal astronomical observations, during which three cigar-shaped objects were seen in the crater of Archimedes, the dimensions of which were estimated to be about 20 km long and 5 km wide ... "Cigars" remained in the crater for several hours, and then disappeared.

In the 70s, George Leonard's book "There is someone else on our moon" was published. In it, using photographs and facts from conversations with participants in NASA's lunar programs, he proves that manifestations of extraterrestrial intelligence are obvious on the moon. On the surface of our natural satellite, there are artificial embankments, geometrically regular formations, towers, giant operating mechanisms, domes, pipelines, bridges and even ... inscriptions that are quite distinguishable from space. Moreover, most of the strange objects are concentrated on the opposite, inaccessible for observations from the Earth, the side of the Moon. Apparently, the aliens prefer not to be monitored.

Of particular interest are giant installations up to 2 kilometers long, which clearly process the lunar soil. Perhaps in them lies the solution to the question of what the aliens are doing on the moon. It looks like there is an elementary extraction of minerals, their enrichment. It is possible that some of the craters are not of a meteorite, but of an artificial origin - these are just huge quarries. Gigantic mechanisms can work in automatic mode under the supervision of a small number of personnel, but at a certain time "ore carriers" - gigantic ships several kilometers long, arrive for the ore. A couple of years ago, a video of a Japanese amateur astronomer was shown on television showing these huge UFOs clearly maneuvering over the surface of the moon.

When the next "armada" arrives on the moon, and with it a group of researchers, there is a sharp activation of UFO observations on Earth, because it has long been noticed that the peaks of observations of "flying saucers" have a fairly accurate periodicity. It is possible that some of the people abducted on Earth (according to ufologists, up to five percent of missing people can be attributed to aliens) is used in some way at the lunar mines. Of course, the information about the activities of some intelligent forces on the moon by the Americans is classified. But they clearly allow a certain leak of information, apparently believing that the gradual preparation of the population of the United States and other countries of the planet for the perception of such an incredible fact is still necessary.

Maybe the Americans sent the military satellite "Clementine" specifically to monitor such vigorous alien activity on the Moon, which the earthlings, by their naivety, already considered their personal property? And "Clementine" incidentally discovered ice on the Moon, which was an excellent reason to send another probe there. And recently American scientists reported sensational news: "Lunar Prospector" fully confirmed the data of "Clementine" about the presence of water on the Moon in the form of ice. NASA Expedition Leader Alan Binder stated:

At the poles of the moon, our probe discovered huge reserves of ice - on the order of several hundred million tons. This will be enough for the lunar station for hundreds, maybe thousands of years to obtain water, oxygen and rocket fuel.

The Americans have already calculated that they will be able to save about 65 trillion dollars on the delivery of drinking water to future lunar settlements ...

The presence of water means that people will soon be able to move to the moon. We will be able to build the first station in 8-10 years, and in 15 years it will probably be a whole colony, ”says Alan Binder.

Why are Americans in such a hurry to the moon? Maybe for new extraterrestrial technologies? Or are they in a hurry to establish contact with the selenites? If we assume that all this is true, then for almost 30 years there have been alien observers on the Moon, and it is quite logical to assume that the Americans have established contact with them. Why was lunar exploration interrupted? Space is a strategic area, and the one who owns its secrets is stronger than potential opponents. Many scientists believe that the answer is quite simple: it did not happen because the ability to contact the alien ship eliminated the need for expensive launches from Cape Canaveral. Remember that it was precisely from the end of the 70s that radio and space communications began to develop rapidly. The impetus for this was secret contacts. Of course, NASA denies everything, but if the truth ever comes out, we will understand where the products of space blockbusters suddenly appeared: from "Stele" technologies to CDs.
Nikolay GRECHANIK
Magazine: Kaleidoscope "UFO"

 5.11.2011 13:03

It will be about unearthly structures on the Moon, as well as the traces of intelligent beings on the space body closest to us.
Washington. March 21, 1996 National Press Club.
“… NASA scientists and engineers, who participated in the implementation of the programs for the study of the Moon and Mars, reported the results of processing the information received. For the first time, the existence of artificial structures and objects of a technogenic nature on the Moon was announced. "

At the briefing, it was also mentioned that the Soviet Union once also possessed a part of the photographic material concerning irrefutable evidence of the presence of traces of intelligent activity on the Moon. And although the nature of this activity has not yet been established, thousands of photo and video documents obtained by the Apollo and the Clementine military space station made it possible to identify and topographically identify numerous areas of the lunar surface where facts, traces extraterrestrial activity. The briefing featured videos and photographs taken by American astronauts during the Apollo program. When asked why this information was not brought to the public earlier, NASA specialists replied: “... 20 years ago it was difficult to predict how people would react to the message that someone was or is on the Moon in our time. In addition, there were other reasons that were not related to NASA. "
Some researchers believe that the structures on the Moon were created by alien civilizations and were used as a staging post for their activities on Earth.
Such guesses find their confirmation in the legends and myths of different peoples of our planet. Many kilometers of ruins of lunar cities, huge transparent domes, many tunnels and other structures are forcing scientists to reconsider their views on the problems associated with our ideas about the moon. Its origin and the peculiarities of its movement relative to the Earth - and today, remains a mystery to researchers.
On the surface, as we believed, of our satellite, a large number of structures were discovered that do not raise doubts about their artificial origin.
"Some partially destroyed objects on the lunar surface cannot be classified as natural geological formations," experts say. "They have a complex organization and geometric structure."
In the area of ​​Tycho crater, mysterious terrace-like workings of rocky ground have been discovered. Concentric hexagonal workings and the presence of a tunnel entrance on the slope of the terrace are difficult to explain by natural processes. It is more like opencast mining.

Rice. 1. A candidate for archaeological objects of the Moon or traces of the presence of intelligent beings.

The moon surprises with its riddles

Rice. 2. Aerial view of the ruins of the ancient Assyrian capital of Ashur resembles a lunar lattice structure.

NASA has at its disposal large archives of astronomical observations, which indicate that on our closest neighbor, the Moon, not everything fits into the framework of a lifeless and uninhabited desert. Many interesting facts can be found in the "Catalog of lunar anomalies of NASA", containing observations of strange short-term lunar phenomena (KLA) on our satellite from 1540 to the present day. The most complete catalog of these data was published by NASA in 1978.
In this regard, the facts of observations of mysterious phenomena on the Moon from astronomical archives before the rocket period will be of interest.
1064 BC"A star of enormous brightness appeared in the circle of the Moon a few days after its separation from the Sun (Chronicle of J. Malvetius)."
1540 BC Many people have seen a star on the body of the moon "right between the ends of its horns" (old English chronicle).
1668 November 26"... The star appeared below the body of the Moon, inside its horns" (J. Josselyn. "Two Trips to New England", 1675).
1737 March 1. During a total eclipse of the Sun, a strange spot of light was observed on the disk of the moon in the region of the Sea of ​​Crises. The spot was visible until sunlight interfered.
1794 March 7. A mysterious light is seen on the night side of the moon (an old drawing is shown).
1874 g. The Czech astronomer Shafarik saw a luminous object moving along the lunar disk, which then left the moon and flew into space.
1875 g... Astronomer Schroeter observed a luminous spot on the Moon moving in a straight line from the Sea of ​​Rains to the north. The second same spot appeared in the south. The estimated speed of their movement relative to the lunar surface was 63 miles / hour (110 km / h).
1888 July 15. On the dark side of the moon, in the northern part of the lunar Caucasus, Holden noticed a bright "star" of the first magnitude.
1910 g. From the territory of France, they observed how some body, similar to a rocket, was launched from the surface of the moon.
1912 g. The American astronomer Harris observed a dark object about 50 miles (80 km) orbiting the Moon, and its shadow was seen moving across the surface of the Moon.
1943 May. Morning. "Suddenly I hear one of the soldiers shouting:" Look in the middle of the darkened moon, a star is shining. " We looked, and for sure: a month, and next to it is a bright star. There arose a surprised noise, they say, how can a star shine through the moon? And she suddenly began to move. Gradually came out of the lunar disk, circled it and began to move away ... Everything that I described can be confirmed by my fellow soldiers who survived ”V. Zaitsev.
1954 or 1955 October-November. 21-23 hours. Full moon. Moskvich V.I. Tikov, who was in the city of Ordzhonikidze, watched with the naked eye how an elongated luminous point separated from the upper edge of the Moon and, turning sharply to the right, quickly flew around the right side of the Moon's disk, after which it turned again abruptly and merged with the lower part of the Moon. The whole observation lasted about 6 seconds, the trail from the flight was kept for another two seconds.
1955 May 24“Behind the southern horn of the narrow crescent [Moon], where the Sun touched the peaks of the Leibniz region, there were two bright points. ... Besides, between them there was another light, weaker than the other two; but he galloped and sparkled; finally, a faint beam of light separated from it, which soared vertically into the sky above the moon, flaring up during ascent and simultaneously extinguishing at the base, and then disappeared. The total length of the beam without taking into account the projection was about 100 miles (160 km), and it took 2 seconds to rise, perhaps a little more ... I tried to manipulate the image in the field of view of the telescope to see if a similar effect could arise only due to the optical properties of the instrument, but to no avail ; so the phenomenon seems to be real ”(English astronomer VA Firsov).
1955 August 7-10 Observing the moon through a homemade telescope, V.V. Yaremenko (Novocherkassk) witnessed how “over the disk [of the Moon], parallel to its edge, at a distance of about 0.2 lunar radius, a luminous body flew, similar to a 3rd magnitude star in ordinary observation. Having flown a third of the circle (it took 4-5 seconds), the body descended along a steep trajectory onto the lunar surface. Of course, this was not a projection of a meteorite falling to Earth. The body was large enough and ... manageable! And no artificial satellites existed in those years ”.
1959 g. F. Almor and other members of the Stellar Astronomical Society of Barcelona observed a dark ellipsoidal object that maneuvered 2000 km above the lunar surface and crossed the lunar disk in 35 minutes, after which it reappeared like a satellite. Its diameter was estimated at 35 km (W. Drake "Heralds from the Stars").
1963 g. A group of astronomers at the Flagstaff Observatory, Arizona, observed 31 identical luminous objects on the Moon, each 5 km long and 0.3 km wide. These objects moved in a clear formation, and small objects with a diameter of about 150 m moved between them. In addition, giant domes were observed on the Moon, changing colors and having no shadow, as if absorbing sunlight.
1964 g. astronomers Harris and Cross observed a white spot moving at a speed of 32 km / h over the Sea of ​​Tranquility for one hour, which gradually decreased in size. In the same year, another spot was observed, moving for two hours at a speed of 80 km / h.
1967 year Montreal astronomers observed a dark rectangular spot in the Sea of ​​Tranquility moving from west to east.
Thus, in the examples shown, it is clearly seen that on the Moon in the pre-rocket period, observations of very mysterious objects performed reasonable maneuvers took place. For example, the circumnavigation of the moon described by V.I. Timakov and V.V. Yaremenko, as noted by the researcher of lunar phenomena A.V. Arkhipov, requires tremendous speeds of 1000 km / sec and accelerations of the order of 46'000 g. From the point of view of traditional rocketry and physics, this is simply impossible. Only UFOs observed in the atmosphere have similar properties.

is. 3. Sea of ​​Tranquility: Blair Cuspids. The abnormal structures are seven obelisks that cast a distinct shadow from the morning sun. The largest obelisk is about 200 meters high. For obelisks 2 and 3, the shadows are curved like a hockey stick. Anomalous structures can be interstellar ships, ancient ruins, or high cliffs. Materials Lunar Orbiter II LO2-61H3.gif (345k file).

According to NASA's Dr. Richard Shorthill: “If the cuspids were the result of a series of geophysical processes, then naturally one would expect the obelisks to be randomly distributed. In fact, according to the results of triangulation d of the system with coordinates x, y, z, regular geometric formations appear: right angles, six isosceles triangles and two axes, each consisting of three points. "

Rice. 3. Unidentified object on the lunar surface. WALLACE WOLFF B.

The relevance of the search for ancient extraterrestrial artifacts on the surfaces of celestial bodies was pointed out by many authors (for example: A. Clarke, I.S.Shklovsky, K. Sagan, J.V. Foster, A.R. Freitas, M.J. Carlotto, D. L. Holmes). The main goal of the study is to develop a methodology for searching for candidates for archaeological objects of the Moon and traces of the presence of intelligent beings, as well as compiling a catalog of the most interesting areas and objects for further study.
Literature
1. Arkhipov A.V. Selenites. Moscow: Novatsiya, 1998.
2. Kolchin G.K. UFO phenomenon view from Russia. St. Petersburg, 1994.
3. Maksimov A.I. A space odyssey. Novosibirsk: Science, 1991.
4. Levantovsky V.I. The mechanics of space flight in an elementary presentation. Moscow: Nauka, 1980.
5. Golovanov J. The truth about the program "APOLLO". M .: EKSMO-Press, 2000.
6. Aleksandrov V. They are watching us // Miracles and adventures. 1993. N8. C.50-51.
7. Butusov K. American lunar program "Apollo" // UFO. Incredible legendary. Supplement to the newspaper "Kaleidoscope". 1997. N5 (39) May. P.13.
8. Wolves A. Americans were not allowed to the moon // World of news. 1999. N30 (292). July 24. P.10.
9. Nepomnyashchy N.N. Did the Americans cheat everyone? Why weren't there stars above the moon? // book: N.N. Nepomniachtchi Riddles and secrets of history. M .: AST, 1999.
10. Graham Hancock, Robert Bauval, John Grigzby. Secrets of Mars. M .: Veche, 1999.
11. Rakov A. We came in peace. Lenizdat, 1991.

ligaspace.my1.ru

Moon ... secret area

Doc. a film about the mysterious manifestations of alien civilizations on the Moon, Strange lights, unknown spaceships, UFOs. In short, We were given to understand that the Moon is already occupied. That is why, according to the filmmakers, all the lunar programs were canceled unexpectedly.

The moon surprises with its riddles

A sensational article appeared in the American newspaper "New York Times": "A human skeleton was found on the moon." The publication refers to the astrophysicist from China Mao Kan. It was he who, back in 1998, shocked the entire scientific world by presenting at a conference in Beijing a photo where the imprint of a human foot is clearly visible on the surface of the moon. Now the astrophysicist has presented to the scientific world photographs where the human skeleton is visible, according to www.znaemvce.ru.
It is possible to see such small details on the surface of the Moon, it is technically possible. The capabilities of modern optics make it possible to read the headlines of newspapers spread on the ground from the Earth's orbit. But this is why the "reliable source in the United States", referred to by Mao Kann, is in no hurry to officially release these photographs.
Back in the early 70s, the sensation went around the world. The American satellite "Viking-1" flew around Mars and images were obtained from it, where the cone-shaped structures are clearly visible. Not far from them was a gigantic human face carved out of a rock. They were clearly artificial in appearance.

All this did not fit with the generally accepted scientific concept and scientists unanimously decided that this was just a natural phenomenon and a play of light and shadow. But all the same, the talk that we are not the only ones in this universe did not subside among journalists and ordinary people. And there were reasons for this.
At the end of the 60s, the Nobel Prize winner, researcher Pollack enters into a computer all data about the planet Earth - the composition of soil, atmosphere, cosmic and solar radiation, all physical parameters and all data known to science about living things. He asked the computer a question: on a planet with such conditions, is protein life possible? The computer's answer was unequivocal: no. On a planet where the absolute solvent is water, which is abundant and in which glass and all metals disintegrate over time, the generation of a protein substance is not possible. The experiment was repeated later at the Kiev Institute of Cybernetics and the same result was obtained.

This question from Pollack to the computer was not accidental. A little earlier, scientists made an amazing discovery that all living creatures on our planet have one biological code. This was not possible according to the well-established theory of the origin of life and its evolution. But the fact remains. And some scientists began to come to the conclusion that life on earth originated with the help of the Higher Mind. And planet Earth is something like a laboratory, where more advanced creatures conduct experiments in genetic engineering.

Those who laughed at all these conclusions were really not laughing when the cosmonaut Neil Armstrong, who first saw the far side of the moon, shouted out, forgetting all the instructions that he saw spaceships. The response of the flight control service was instantaneous, the connection was interrupted. Subsequently, this exclamation was disavowed. Never again did Armstrong stutter about spaceships.
Let's look at what the Moon is in general, and most importantly, where it came from in our sky. Scientists astronomers concluded that 20 thousand years ago it did not exist at all. They suggest that due to some kind of cosmic catastrophe, she left her orbit and fell into the Earth's gravitational field. But few people are satisfied with this explanation. For many years of research, experts have not encountered wandering planets. There are many meteorites and comets, but there is no such thing for “living” planets to wander. After all, there is volcanic activity on the Moon, therefore it is considered a "living" planet. Then the hypothesis was born that the Moon is nothing more than a spaceship, which is controlled by someone. After all, the moon is located very interestingly. It turns around its axis so that we cannot see its reverse side. It is precisely on the side that we do not see and Armstrong noticed the spaceships.
Chinese astrophysicist Mao Kann said that the Americans are deliberately hiding information from the public, calling their actions criminal. He accused the American government of hiding the stunning facts, saying that they had hidden a snapshot of a human foot print for 20 years, and a snapshot of a human skeleton even longer. He believes that such pictures are the property of all mankind.

The US space and intelligence services did not comment on the words of the Chinese astrophysicist. Even after he claimed to have over 1,000 photos taken by NASA that clearly show a footprint and a human skeleton. The most interesting thing is that as there were no comments, there was no refutation of this information from the responsible persons.
As mentioned above, today the optical capabilities allow you to see the smallest details. So, examining pictures of the human skeleton, you can see that a person wore jeans during his lifetime. Decomposition of body tissues is not possible in an airless atmosphere. Thus, if a person died on the moon, then the whole corpse would be preserved, not the skeleton. Consequently, death occurred elsewhere, and somehow only one skeleton appeared on the moon. Here one involuntarily recalls the stories of people about their abduction by aliens. In any case, Mao Kann has no doubts that these are images of a human footprint and a human skeleton, and that extraterrestrial civilizations regularly interfere in our lives. But people will not know the whole truth until the Americans declassify the information they have and make it the property of mankind, states Mao Kann.

The moon is a different reality

Tonight, two satellites "Grail" at a speed of 6000 km / h with an interval of 20 seconds crashed into the moon. The impact site was near the North Lunar Pole in the Goldschmidt crater. And on September 11, NASA launched a secret mini-shuttle, the goals and objectives of which are not known.

Why is NASA sending two streamersspacecraft at great speed to one point on the lunar surface? Official version -study of mechanical properties and chemical composition of the lunar regolith.

The two Grail satellites were relatively small (about the size of a washing machine), but given the weight and the tremendous speed with which they hit the lunar surface at the point of collision, the impact was devastating. Moreover, the blow is double with an interval of 20 seconds.

The cost of both satellites and the mission to operate them in the orbit of the moon cost the United States $ 500 million. Both spacecraft had fuel left on board to run their engines, but NASA couldn't find anything better than just directing them to the moon?

What was the mission of the probes before the fall? NASA writes that with the help of the Grails, scientists have significantly deepened their knowledge of the lunar crust - it turned out to be less dense and more porous than previously thought, and also riddled with cracks filled with frozen magma. past the Moon as a result of the expansion of its lithosphere. The map of the Moon's gravitational field, obtained by the "twins", has the highest resolution and quality to date. "

The devices found their last refuge on an unnamed mountain near the north pole of the moon and the Holshmidt crater. As David Lehman, another project manager from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, said, the location for the final mission was chosen by navigation experts in order to minimize the likelihood that the "twins" will crash in the places where the spacecraft landed in within the Apollo and Moon programs.

50 minutes before the crash, Low and High tide turned on their engines and accelerated to a speed of 6000 km / h. The spacecraft minimized orbital altitude and crashed into the mountain, moving at an angle of 1 degree to the horizon.

According to official statements by NASA, as a result of the collision, they literally shattered into pieces, leaving behind small potholes in the rim of the crater. But this is impossible to verify. Video and photo shooting was not carried out due to the fact that the fall zone was in the shadow of the Earth. Agree that NASA could have chosen a more favorable moment in terms of light illumination to hit the moon, but it did it at a time when no astronomer from Earth could see the place of the fall and its consequences. Astronomers could not see any noticeable flash from the crash of the probes.

Selenologists, according to NASA, hope to obtain information from the wreck on the mechanical and chemical properties of the crater rim. Images of the area of ​​impact of the probes will be obtained from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) in a few weeks. But knowing NASA, expecting unedited images is not worth it ...

Food for thought

A black hole with a diameter of 130 meters was discovered on the moon

According to updated data, the diameter of the hole is 130 meters. The depth is not known. The bottom is not visible. There is only an assumption that the passage can lead to a system of lunar dungeons, including tunnels and vast halls, it is located on the far side of the Moon in the Southern Hemisphere in the Sea of ​​Dreams (Mare Ingenii). The resolution of the pictures is a little more than half a meter per pixel.

By the way, in their press release dedicated to the anniversary (one year) of the LRO probe in orbit, NASA experts report that there is one more hole - slightly smaller than that of the Sea of ​​Dreams. But its coordinates are not reported. And pictures in high resolution do not show.

Food for thought

Hollow inside

In 1969, Moscow scientists M. Vasin and A. Shcherbakov published the work "The Moon is the Creation of Reason", in which the hypothesis was put forward that our "natural satellite" is artificial celestial body, which has two protective shells: FIRST - a heat and meteor-protective layer, about four kilometers thick and SECOND - an armor protective layer, approximately fifteen kilometers thick, under which there is a huge inhabited cavity…

The researchers proceeded from the fact that lunar craters and circuses, which, according to world science, are of meteorite origin, despite the colossal spread in diameters (from hundreds of meters to hundreds of kilometers), have almost the same depth - UP TO THREE KILOMETERS ...

This could only take place if the meteorites, "bumping" into the armor protective layer, scattered the heat and meteor protection shell on the surface of the Moon, since all the energy released during the collision met an insurmountable obstacle on its way ...

This is what caused the formation of the lunar ring mountains ("circuses"), from the center of which the ridges of the mountains are not always visible, since the latter are behind the lunar horizon.

“But if the Moon is really an“ artificial body ”,” wrote the scientists, “then it should be inside the emptiness, and on its inner surface there should be massive propulsion systems, power generators, giant machines for the repair of casings, as well as other equipment in the form of concentrated metal masses ... "

The hypothesis of M. Vasin and A. Shcherbakov received efficient support in 1969, when, in the process of researching the Moon under the program "Apollo", powerful gravitational and magnetic anomalies were discovered, indicating the presence of metal masses hidden under the lunar surface ("mascons" and "micromascons"), and during seismic sounding of the Moon by dropping the take-off stages of the Apollo lunar landing modules onto its surface “reverberation” was opened, i.e. residual sound of the Moon, lasting up to TWO HOURS !!!

Lunar librations

As Dr.Thomas Payne (then Director of NASA) stated of one such experiment: “The moon was buzzing like a bell. We are unable to explain this phenomenon ... "

But if the hypothesis of M. Vasin and A. Shcherbakov that the inhabitants of the Moon live under its surface, having an artificial atmosphere there, is right, then it is logical to assume that ventilation devices will be required to discharge excess or waste gas, and that the time of such emissions, the appearance of the lunar surface will be distorted. (Remember the haze over the hot asphalt on a summer day or the quivering air over a blazing fire ...)

Indeed, among the tens of thousands of images of the lunar surface, a very large percentage are just such "nebulae and indistinctness" ...

The seismometers installed by the Apollo astronauts in the area of ​​Bulliald crater (the southeastern part of the visible disk of the Moon) systematically transmit signals to Earth, which, unlike rare sporadic moonquakes, have some kind of monotonous rhythm ...

George Leonard's colleague, Dr. Dan, having studied the seismograms of this 37-mile crater and its photographs, came to the conclusion - "Such rhythmic moonquakes can be caused by the passage of the trains of the" lunar subway "...

Dr. Samuel Wittcomb (Mount Palomar Observatory, California), an expert in deciphering lunar imagery, based on careful examination of photographs of Bulliald Crater, came to the conclusion that there is a giant electric generator that supplies energy to subsurface mechanisms. The magnitude of this "lunar power plant", based on the scale of the image, exceeds ... The Bronx is a residential area of ​​New York.

Regarding its staggering magnitude, Dr. S. Wittcomb writes: “We should abandon our outdated ideas about the moon. They must be discarded, like an old-fashioned frock coat that has become narrow ... On the moon in its size ... "

This opinion of the famous scientist also applies to super-powerful propulsion systems located under the surface of the moon. Their presence in the form of concentrated metallic masses is indicated by the gravitational and magnetic anomalies of the Moon - "mascons".

(According to the latest data, under the lunar surface there are five huge objects ranging in size from 8 to 22 kilometers. Some of them were identified in the infrared range by the European research satellite "COSMIK LEB" in 1999 - V.K.)

The gigantic size of lunar objects, as well as of the "spaceship" (the Moon itself), according to the author, is explained by the super-tasks that their creators set for these "structures".

It is easy to understand that a long space flight, especially an interstellar flight, places increased demands on meteorite, thermal and radiation protection. We have no right to approach the estimation of the size of the "interstellar supership" with our own earthly standards. After all, if this ship were smaller, its crew would hardly have been able to defend against the hostile effects of outer space during not only a long flight, but also many thousands of years in orbit of a satellite of our Earth ...

To what has been said, it should be added that the spherical shape of the Moon is the most optimal for artificial space objects, since it allows isolating the maximum volume with a surface with a minimum area ...

Of course, a long, over millennia, meteorite bombardment has done its job, and tens of thousands of large and small craters visible today, speak only of the fact that newcomers,

"With a needle", the Moon was an interstellar spacecraft for a very long time ...

Food for thought

Interesting facts about the moon

The moon makes a complete revolution around the Earth in 27.3 days. It is always turned to the Earth with one side. The far side of the moon was inaccessible to the human eye until 1959, when the Soviet spacecraft Luna-3 photographed it.

More than 500,000 lunar craters can be seen through a powerful telescope. The largest of them is called Baie, its diameter is about 300 km, and the area is slightly larger than the area of ​​Scotland.

The dark spots visible with the naked eye on the lunar surface are called seas. They have no water, but millions of years ago they were filled with volcanic lava. Some of them are very large, for example, the Ocean of Storms is larger than the Mediterranean.

There is no air or water on the moon. Its soil is so dry that nothing can grow on it. However, scientists have found that plants can grow in samples of lunar soil delivered to Earth.

Unlike the surface of the Earth, which is constantly changing water by the action of water and wind, the lunar surface remains unchanged. The footprints left on the Moon by the Apollo astronauts will be visible for at least 10 million years.

Earthquakes, called moonquakes, occur on the moon, but they are very weak compared to earthquakes. There are more than 3000 moonquakes every year, but their total energy is barely enough for a small fireworks display.

The average density of the moon is 3.34 g / cm3, a conclusion from the obtained astronomical data shows that the inner part of the moon is most likely a hollow, not a homogeneous sphere.

The moon's orbit around the earth is an oval, not a circle, so the distance from the center of the earth to the center of the moon is constantly changing.

Every second the moon is moving away from us, expanding its orbit by 4 cm per year. Scientists say that when the moon first formed (4.6 billion years ago), it was at a distance of 22,530 km from the earth. Now this distance is more than 450,000 km.

There is an echo on the moon. On November 20, 1969, the crew of the Apollo 12 spacecraft threw the lunar module onto the surface of the moon, and the noise from its impact on the surface provoked an artificial lunar earthquake. The consequences were unexpected after that the moon rang like a bell for another hour.

The gravitational force of the Earth makes the Moon orbit around the Earth. However, the gravity of the moon also affects the Earth, primarily the seas and oceans, causing tides. When the Moon is at its closest distance, its gravitational pull increases and the tides reach their highest level.

Food for thought

The US Air Force launched the secret X-37B space shuttle from Cape Canaveral, Florida on Tuesday 11 December.

The Atlas 5 launch vehicle with the vehicle on board took off at 13:03 East Coast time (22:03 Moscow time). The unmanned spaceplane, enclosed in a special capsule at the top of the rocket, was supposed to separate from it a few minutes after the launch, ITAR-TASS reports with reference to representatives of the United Launch Alliance, which launched the launch in the interests of the US Department of Defense.

This is the second launch of such an unmanned spacecraft. Previously, the X-37B shuttle was in orbit for seven months in 2010.

Then the entire flight and landing at the Vandenberg Air Force Base (California) were automatic and, according to experts, were successful. Only during landing, after touching the runway, the tire of one of the wheels of the landing gear flew apart, but in general the spaceplane was not damaged.

The dimensions of this spacecraft are four times smaller than the dimensions of previous models of American shuttles. According to some assumptions, this shuttle may be equipped with special sensors that are designed to collect intelligence, AP said.

At the same time, no details of what the next mission of the X-37B is, were not provided.

The X-37B was developed by the Boeing Corporation. It has a take-off weight of almost 5 tons, reaches 8.9 m in length, 2.9 m in height. Its small triangular wings span 4.5 m. Equipped with solar panels, which, when deployed in orbit, serve as a source of electricity.

According to the data presented earlier by the Pentagon, the spaceplane is designed to operate at altitudes from 200 to 750 km, is capable of rapidly changing orbits and maneuvering.

It can carry out reconnaissance missions, deliver small loads into space, and is convenient for testing new instruments that can be used, for example, on spy satellites.

A number of experts see the X-37B as a prototype of a future space interceptor, which allows you to inspect and, if necessary, disable enemy satellites, and, perhaps, deliver missile and bomb strikes from orbit. The Pentagon denies this, assuring that this device is just a platform for testing new technologies ...

Lunar civilization

The more I study lunar photography, the more I tend to believe that the Moon is a spaceship. The ship that has been in a grandiose space battle (as evidenced by numerous traces of damage to the outer hull), damaged and set to eternal rest near the planet Earth.

The Moon is a Man-made Object. Study of NASA photographs. Part 2

The Moon is a Man-made Object. Exploring NASA Photos

The moon is mankind's closest satellite on our journey through outer space, as well as the only celestial body that we have visited. Nevertheless, despite its relative proximity to us and seeming simplicity, our companion continues to hide many interesting secrets, and some of them are worth knowing about them.

1. Moonquakes

Despite the fact that, in fact, the Moon is just a dead piece of rock with extremely low geological activity, crustal movements occur there as well. They are called moonquakes (by analogy with earthquakes).

There are four types of moonquakes: the first three - deep moonquakes, vibrations from meteorite impacts, and thermal moonquakes caused by solar activity - are relatively safe. But moonquakes of the fourth type can be quite unpleasant. Typically they are up to 5.5 on the Richter scale, which is enough for small objects to start shaking. Such tremors last about ten minutes. According to NASA, such moonquakes make our moon "ring like a bell."

The most frightening thing about these moonquakes is that we have no idea what exactly is causing them. Earthquakes on Earth are usually caused by tectonic plate movements, but there are simply no tectonic plates on the Moon. Some researchers think that they may have some connection with the tidal activity of the Earth, which, as it were, "pulls" the moon over itself. However, the theory is not supported by anything - tidal forces are associated with full moons, and moonquakes are usually observed at other times.

2. Double planet

Most people are convinced that the moon is a satellite. However, many argue that the Moon should be classified as a planet. On the one hand, it is too large for a real satellite - its diameter is equal to a quarter of the Earth's diameter, so the Moon can be called the largest satellite in the solar system, if this ratio is taken into account. Pluto, however, also has a moon called Charon, whose diameter is half the diameter of Pluto itself. Only here Pluto is no longer considered a real planet, so we will not take Charon into account.
Due to its large size, the Moon is not actually in low-Earth orbit. The Earth and the Moon revolve around each other and around some point in the center between them. This point is called the barycenter, and the illusion that the Moon is orbiting the Earth is caused by the fact that the center of gravity is currently inside the earth's crust. It is this fact that does not allow us to classify the Earth with the Moon as a double planet, but in the future the situation may change.

3. Lunar debris

Everyone knows that there was a man on the moon. But not everyone knows that Man (we will specially write this word with a capital letter) used the Moon as a standard picnic spot - astronauts who visited the Moon left a lot of garbage there. It is believed that about 181,437 kg of artificial materials rest on the lunar surface. Of course, not only the astronauts are to blame - they deliberately did not throw sandwich wrappers and banana peels on the Moon. Most of this debris came from various experiments, space probes and lunar rovers, some of which are still functioning today.

4. Moon Grave

Eugen "Jean" Shoemaker, a renowned astronomer and geologist, is something of a legend in his circles: he developed methods for the scientific study of cosmic impact, and also invented the techniques that the Apollo astronauts used to study the moon. Shoemaker wanted to become an astronaut himself, but was unable to get the job due to minor health problems. This remained the biggest disappointment throughout his life, but Shoemaker nevertheless continued to dream that someday he would still be able to visit the moon himself. When he died, NASA fulfilled his most cherished wish and sent his ashes to the moon with the Lunar Prospector station in 1998. His ashes remain there, scattered among the moon dust.

5. Lunar anomalies

Some images taken by various satellites show very strange things on the lunar surface. It seems that there are artificial structures on the moon, the size of which ranges from very tiny, usually in the shape of a parallelepiped, to "obelisks" at least 1.5 km high.
Lovers of the paranormal even "found" among these objects a large castle "hanging" high above the surface of the moon. All this seems to indicate a developed civilization that previously lived on the moon and supposedly built complex structures. NASA has never refuted these strange theories, despite the fact that all of the images are most likely faked by adherents of the "conspiracy theory".

6. Moon dust

One of the most amazing and at the same time most dangerous things on the moon is moon dust. As everyone knows, sand penetrates everywhere and on Earth, but dust on the moon is an extremely dangerous substance: it is fine, like flour, but very coarse. Thanks to its texture and low gravity, it penetrates absolutely anywhere.

NASA had numerous problems associated with moon dust: it tore apart astronauts' boots almost completely, penetrated into ships and spacesuits, and caused "moon hay fever" in hapless astronauts if they inhaled it. It is believed that with prolonged contact with moon dust, even the most durable object can break. By the way, this devilish substance smells like burnt gunpowder.

7. Difficulty with low gravity

Although the moon's gravity is only one-sixth that of Earth's gravity, moving across its surface is a feat. Buzz Aldrin said that it would be extremely difficult to establish settlements on the Moon: the legs of astronauts in bulky spacesuits were buried in the moon dust by almost 15 cm.
Despite the low gravity, the inertia of a person on the moon is high, so it is difficult to move quickly or change direction there. If astronauts wanted to move faster, they had to pose as clumsy kangaroos, which was also a problem, since the moon is full of craters and other dangerous objects.

8. The origin of the moon

Where did the moon come from? There is no simple and accurate answer, but, nevertheless, science allows you to make several assumptions. There are five main theories about the origin of the moon. The fission theory claims that the Moon was once part of our planet and separated from it at a very early stage in the history of the Earth - in fact, the Moon could just be located on the site of the modern Pacific Ocean. The capture theory says that the Moon simply "wandered" through the Universe until it was captured by Earth's gravity. Other theories say that our satellite was either formed from asteroid debris or was left from the collision of the Earth with an unknown planet the size of Mars.

The most reliable theory of the origin of the Moon at the moment is called The Theory of the Rings: a protoplanet (a planet that is just forming) called Theia collided with the Earth, and the resulting cloud of debris eventually gathered together and turned into the Moon.

9. Moon and sleep

The influence of the Moon and the Earth on each other cannot be denied. However, the influence of the moon on humans is a source of ongoing debate. Many believe that the full moon is the cause of strange behavior in humans, but science cannot provide conclusive evidence for or against this theory. But science agrees that the moon can disrupt the human sleep cycle. According to an experiment conducted at the University of Basel in Switzerland, the phases of the moon affect a person's sleep cycles in a very specific way. People sleep worst of all, as a rule, on the full moon. These results can fully explain the so-called "lunar madness": according to the experiment and the assurances of many people, it is on the full moon that they most often have nightmares.

10. Moon Shadows

When Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin first set foot on the moon, they made an amazing discovery: the shadows on the moon are much darker than the earth's shadows due to the lack of atmosphere. All moon shadows are absolutely black. Once the astronauts stepped into the shadows, they could no longer see their own legs, despite the brightly glowing solar disk in the sky.

Of course, the astronauts were able to adapt to this, but such a contrast between the dark and light areas of the surface still remained a problem. The astronauts noticed that some shadows - namely, their own - have halos. They later learned that the eerie phenomenon is due to the opposition effect, in which some dark shadow areas develop a bright halo, provided that the observer looks at the shadows from a certain angle.

The shadows of the moon have become the scourge of many Apollo missions. Some astronauts found it impossible to complete maintenance tasks on the spacecraft because they could not see what their hands were doing. Others thought they had accidentally landed in a cave - this effect was created by the shadows cast by the slopes.

11. Lunar magnetism

One of the most interesting mysteries of the moon is that the moon lacks a magnetic field. Surprisingly, the stones that astronauts first brought from the moon to Earth in the 1960s were magnetic. Maybe the stones are of alien origin? How can they be magnetic if there is no magnetic field on the moon?

Over the years, science has established that the moon once had a magnetic field, but so far no one can say why it disappeared. There are two main theories: one states that the magnetic field disappeared due to the natural movements of the iron core of the moon, and the second claims that this may be due to a series of collisions of the moon with meteorites.