Gerasim's inner experiences. "Mumu" main characters

"... a man twelve inches tall, built by a hero and deaf-mute from birth"

"... His face, already lifeless, like all deaf-mutes..."

"... the oblong and hard muscles of his shoulders..."

"...stretched out his huge hand..."

A tall, powerful man.

The attitude of Gerasim from "Mumu" to work

“... was considered perhaps the most serviceable draft man ... almost the most serviceable draft man. - Tax - serf service, which the landlords imposed on their peasants. A conditional family (two adult workers, a man and a woman, sometimes with the addition of a half-worker - a teenager) was taken as a unit of taxation with corvée or dues. Turgenev emphasizes that Gerasim was a full-fledged worker who carried all the peasant duties.

Gifted with extraordinary strength, he worked for four - the matter was arguing in his hands, and it was fun to look at him ... "

“... Gerasim's occupations in his new position seemed to him a joke after hard peasant work; in half an hour everything was ready for him ... "

“... he diligently fulfilled his duty: in the yard he never had any chips lying around, nor copy ...”

Gerasim is a hardworking, responsible, diligent and obedient worker, he loves order in everything, he does nothing somehow.

Gerasim was of a strict and serious disposition, he loved order in everything; even the roosters did not dare to fight in his presence.

Economical and hardworking.

The attitude of Gerasim from "Mumu" to the Baryn

Gerasim was rather afraid of her, but still hoped for her mercy ... "

Gerasim is afraid of the mistress, because he is a serf, a forced man.

The attitude of Gerasim from "Mumu" to Tatyana

“... Gerasim<…>he began to chuckle when she came across to him, then he began to look at her, and finally, he did not take his eyes off her at all. She fell in love with him ... "" ... From that day on, he did not give her rest: wherever she went, he was right there ... "

Tatyana likes the deaf-mute Gerasim.

“... after all, this capercaillie, Garaska, he is looking after you ...”

“... he walks towards her, smiles, hums, waves his arms, suddenly pulls out the ribbon from his bosom and hands it to her, clears the dust in front of her with a broom ...”

Gerasim takes care of Tatyana.

Laughing stupidly and lowing affectionately, he held out a spicy cockerel to her ... "

“... The Rada is not happy, but the girl fell under his protection ...”

Experiencing tender and touching feelings.

Gerasim suddenly got up, stretched out his huge hand, put it on the wardrobe-maid's head, and looked into her face with such sullen ferocity that she stooped down to the very table.

Gerasim becomes Tatyana's patron. He protects her from other peasants.

“... noticing that Kapiton<…>somehow too graciously broke up with Tatyana, Gerasim beckoned him to him with his finger, led him into the carriage house, and, grabbing the end of the drawbar that was standing in the corner, lightly but significantly threatened him with it. Since then, no one has spoken to Tatyana ... "

Gerasim is jealous of Tatyana for the drunkard Kapiton.

“... was about to go to her with a request if she would allow him to marry Tatyana. He was only waiting for a new caftan, promised to him by the butler, in order to appear in decent form before the mistress ... "

Gerasim wants to marry the washerwoman Tatyana.

Gerasim stood for a moment, looked at her, waved his hand, grinned and went, stepping heavily, to his closet ... He did not leave there for a whole day.

In Tatiana, Gerasim is attracted by her diligence, responsibility, patience, meekness of character and sincerity. After the episode with "intoxication", he is deeply disappointed and offended that the woman he fell in love with did not live up to his expectations, is disappointed in love. He suffers. This can be judged by individual details (look, smile).

“... Gerasim left his closet, approached Tatyana and gave her a red paper handkerchief, which he had bought for her a year ago ...”

Gerasim is generous. He did not hate Tatyana, but treats her kindly, pities her, went out to say goodbye and support in the difficult moment of parting with the house. At parting, he gives Tatyana a gift.

The attitude of Gerasim from "Mumu" to the courtyards

“... but he also knew his rights, and no one dared to take his place in the capital ...”

Gerasim behaves with dignity, knows his rights.

“Yes, you will deceive,” Gavrila waved him back. Gerasim looked at him, smiled contemptuously, hit his chest again and slammed the door.

“... he will do, if he promised. He's so... Well, if he promises, it's probably. He is not like our brother. What's true is true."

Gerasim despises false, insincere, deceitful and cruel people. He is disgusted by the evil, callousness and indifference of the courtyards - the faithful servants of the mistress.

The attitude of the lady from "Mumu" to Gerasim

“... the next day I sent Gerasim a ruble. She complained about him as a faithful and strong watchman.

“... Madam,” he thought, sitting by the window, “of course, favors Gerasim (Gavrila knew this well ...”

The lady favored Gerasim as a faithful and strong watchman.

The attitude of Tatyana from "Mumu" to Gerasim

“... When Gerasim was brought from the village, she almost died of horror at the sight of his huge figure ...”

Tatyana is not pleased, but frightened by signs of attention from Gerasim.

“... He only seemed to become more gloomy and did not pay the slightest attention to Tatyana and Kapiton ...”

To "discourage" Gerasim, Tatiana once pretends to be drunk. Gerasim doesn't like drunk people. He stops courting Tatyana.

"…Tatiana<…>getting into the cart, in a Christian way, kissed Gerasim three times ... "

Tatyana warmly says goodbye to Gerasim. After all, this is the only person to whom she is not indifferent.

The attitude of Kapiton from "Mumu" to Gerasim

“... Yes, have mercy, Gavrilo Andreevich! after all, he will kill me, by God, he will kill me, like he will swat some fly ... "

Kapiton is afraid of Gerasim, who is also in love with Tatyana.

The attitude of the courtyards from "Mumu" to Gerasim

“... With the rest of the servants, Gerasim was in a relationship not exactly friendly, they were afraid of him, but short; he considered them to be his…”

The people around are afraid of Gerasim.

- What a wonderful this Gerasim! - squeaked a fat washerwoman, - is it possible to get laid because of a dog!.

They consider him an eccentric and make fun of him behind his back.

The attitude of Gerasim to Mumu

“... Gerasim looked at the unfortunate little dog, picked it up with one hand, thrust it into his bosom and set off with long steps home ...”

Gerasim is kind and sensitive to someone else's misfortune.

“... All night long he fiddled with her, laid her down, wiped her, and finally fell asleep himself next to her with some kind of joyful and quiet sleep ...”

“... No mother takes care of her child like Gerasim took care of his pet ...”

“... The wool on it was so shiny; it was clear that it had recently been combed out ... "

Caring, affectionate, tenderly treats Mumu.

“... She was extremely smart, caressed everyone, but she loved one Gerasim. Gerasim himself loved her without memory ... "

Gerasim loves Mumu. Thanks to her, his life is filled with joy and meaning.

"... significantly hit himself in the chest, as if announcing that he himself takes it upon himself to destroy Mumu ..."

He drowns Mumu with his own hands so that someone else does not do it.

“... Gerasim looked at her for a long time; two heavy tears suddenly rolled out of his eyes: one fell on the dog's steep forehead, the other into the cabbage soup. He covered his face with his hand…”

Gerasim cries when he goes to drown his beloved Mumu.

From the story "Mumu" should be at least two-dimensional: an external characteristic and an internal characteristic. Gerasim is a mysterious figure and gives the key to understanding the entire Russian national character.

Plot

An unusual Russian village peasant is taken from his native village and transported to Moscow (his originality is that he is dumb). There, in the house of a local lady, he is trusted to be a janitor. Since Gerasim is by nature neat and efficient to the limit, he does a good job.

Gerasim's problems begin when he falls in love with a laundress (Tanya) who works for the mistress. All the servants and the hostess herself perfectly see what is happening with the mute janitor, but the lady decides in her own way: she gives Tanya in marriage to Kapiton, a shoemaker and a drunkard. This marriage is gradually fading away, but this is not about that now.

Gerasim, on a wave of spiritual grief, finds (rescues) a puppy. It's a girl (three weeks total). He cares for her and cherishes her. The dog grows up next to the dumb janitor and does not interfere with anyone until he snaps at the mistress. She orders the dog to be removed from the yard. When this does not work (Mumu returns to his owner), then they decide to eliminate the dog physically. After long emotional ordeals, Gerasim himself takes on the role of the executioner.

Turgenev's story ends with the fact that Gerasim returns to the village and lives there alone without dogs and women. The plot is very important, since the description of Gerasim from the story "Mumu" is somehow based on the chain of events that happened to the mute janitor.

Main character

Gerasim is absolutely beautiful in terms of his height. It is under 2 meters tall. He is strong, powerful. Broad in the shoulders.

Like a real Russian peasant, he is a hard worker. Despite the apparent paradox, strength and performance are rather external rather than internal. Because they are visible to an outsider. Gerasim is executive. And this quality is both external and internal. It can be interpreted (perceived) and so, and so. Depending on whether a person internally accepts what he is told to do or not. This is how Gerasim (the main character of Mumu) appears before an external observer. Then a logical question arises about what Gerasim is like from the inside.

The inner world of Gerasim

What is terrible is not that Gerasim does not speak, but that he is also silent inwardly. He does not have his position in relation to the world. All his life he was not like everyone else, so he got used to obey. In addition, the realities of the 19th century are not conducive to the uprising of cripples. The paradox of Gerasim is that, for all his courageous winner, he is a loser, because inside he is completely empty. It has no content.

Of course, Turgenev endows the hero with traditional Russian virtues: pity for people and animals, kindness, but, unfortunately, the beautiful sides of human nature are fed from a fetid source - lack of content. Gerasim is kind and sensitive only because he does not have the strength to be evil. And it would be nice if it were not for the situation with the dearest and closest creature - Mumu. She (the situation) clearly showed how spineless Gerasim is. This is the description of Gerasim from the story "Mumu" (his inner qualities).

Gerasim's riddle

Why did Gerasim, only after he lost everything, decide on an act against the mistress? Everything that he loved so much was taken away from the mute janitor. Moreover, the very ability to love was torn out of him, which is much more important and sadder. One can argue, but it seems that when Gerasim returned to the village, he was no longer afraid of the lady's rage, he didn't care at all. What prevented him from taking the dog with him and running away? No one would look for him, and even if they found him, they would not return him. What did he risk? People would think he was a weirdo. Still would! To give up a place in the manor house for the sake of a dog.

One way or another, Gerasim did not. He had to lose the very basis of his life in order to abandon the servile consciousness and find himself.

I.S. Turgenev brilliantly wrote the story "Mumu". The characteristic of Gerasim can perfectly define not only him, but also any person. A person must first lose something very important in order to understand something priceless about himself. Thus, Turgenev's short story can generally be perceived as a parable about a Russian person or about a person in general. Who likes it better.

This is how the description of Gerasim from the story "Mumu" turned out. Each time, touching this small essay, the reader comprehends something important about himself. That is why classics and literature in general are valuable.

The story "Mumu", written by Turgenev in the early 50s, did not accept censorship. Critics considered the plot of the harmless work ticklish, out of place in print. Readers could feel pity for the main character, a dark, uneducated peasant, and this is unacceptable. Nevertheless, the story was published in 1854.

The Silent Giant

The mistress was surrounded by a numerous household. There were no remarkable personalities among the servants. The exception was Gerasim, whose characterization the author gives a very detailed one. He was complex in a heroic way: tall, strong. However, deaf-mute from birth. Gerasim differed from other courtyards in unprecedented strength, thanks to which he got to the mistress. Once she took him from the village, where he lived alone in a small hut. Gerasim worked for four. The constant silence gave the working process a certain solemnity.

Loneliness

If Gerasim had not been born deaf, any girl would have gone for him. But such a flaw put an end to family life. This is a very important point in the characterization of Gerasim. The hero of the story is doomed to loneliness.

So, the peasant, who was distinguished by unprecedented strength and diligence in his work, was brought to Moscow, dressed and assigned as a janitor. He did not like city life: he was accustomed to rural life.

Characteristics of Gerasim: silent, hardworking. And, as already mentioned, very lonely. Any other person gets used to a new environment through communication. Gerasim did not have such an opportunity. In two or three hours he did all his work, which seemed too easy to him compared to the peasant, and then he stopped in confusion in the middle of the manor's courtyard and looked at the passers-by.

Giving a description of Gerasim, the author says: "he looked like a sedate gander." The janitor loved order, always performed his duties brilliantly, but without unnecessary fussiness. About a year after Gerasim arrived in Moscow, an incident occurred that formed the basis of the plot of the story "Mumu". The image of Gerasim is revealed in the climax. But first it is worth talking about one of the heroines of Turgenev's work.

Tatiana

Among the servants was a small, shy woman who had not seen anything good in her life. She was afraid of Gerasim. And he had a deep feeling for her. And Tatyana appeared, to her misfortune, an intercessor.

Being, like all dumb people, very quick-witted, Gerasim felt when Tatyana was mocked. The courtyards were afraid of him, and therefore, in his presence, they did not allow themselves jokes about a harmless, shy woman. Gerasim already dreamed of marrying Tatyana. However, the lady once came up with the idea of ​​marrying Tatyana to Kapiton, a bitter drunkard and loafer. Which was done.

Mu Mu

Probably, on the day when Tatyana married the shoemaker Kapiton, Gerasim said goodbye to the dream of marriage. And later I found a little puppy by the pond. Not every mother takes care of her child the way Gerasim took care of his little dog.

In his soul, apparently, there was a lot of unspent love and tenderness. At first, Mumu was a sickly, weak mongrel. But through the efforts of Gerasim, she turned into a fine dog with long ears and a fluffy tail. It is worth saying that it was a very smart dog. It didn’t bark or whine in vain, it was friendly with everyone. However, she loved only Gerasim.

old lady

Once she saw a dog in her flower bed and immediately demanded to bring it into the house. But Mumu, unlike the hangers-on and lackeys, did not know how to be hypocritical. She did not wag her tail in front of the mistress, hid in the farthest corner, and when she approached her, she growled. This seemingly insignificant event changed the fate of Gerasim.

The lady ordered to get rid of the dog. First, the butler took Mumu away from home. The owner was looking for his dog for a long time, went around almost all of Moscow. But I didn't find it. Mumu herself returned to her benefactor. However, the lady insisted, demanded to get rid of the dog once and for all. Then the deaf-mute took his pet, took it to the river and drowned it.

How did Gerasim change after the death of Mumu

He returned to his closet, which is not far from the manor house, but did not stay here for a long time. Hastily collected his belongings and went to the village. The fugitive courtyard was not returned to Moscow. In the village, Gerasim worked just as well. However, the peasants said that after Moscow he had changed a lot. From now on, he was not interested in women and never got dogs.

Gerasim is the main character of the story by I.S. Turgenev "MU-MU"

Plan:
1. Who is Gerasim?
2. What does it look like?
3. What qualities did Gerasim show in his actions?
4. How did he differ from the rest of the yard?
5. Conclusion. Against which Gerasim protests with his departure from the mistress.

Gerasim is the main figure in Turgenev's Mumu. It symbolizes the oppressed Russian people who lived under serfdom in Tsarist Russia. He was a serf with a mistress and was doomed to forced labor all his life.
In appearance, Gerasim was a man of twelve inches in height, of a heroic physique. He was mute from birth, but this handicap did not prevent him from doing rural work. In the village, he worked for four, easily doing any hard work. He plowed the land, and mowed hay, and threshed grain. When Gerasim was brought to Moscow and given a broom and a shovel in his hands, he did not understand what was happening to him. He was very bored. Everyone in the yard was afraid of him because of his formidable appearance; in general, Gerasim had a strict and serious disposition. Sometimes he was gloomy, gloomy and menacing in his appearance, but kind in soul.
Gerasim's actions were reflections of his character and physical strength. Once two thieves came to their yard. Gerasim took and hit their foreheads, showing courage and fearlessness. Since then, not a single thief has appeared in their yard. When Gerasim went out into the yard, even the animals stopped fighting and behaved sedately, fearing Gerasim. Despite the difficult nature of Gerasim, nothing human was alien to him. He became attached to a small dog that he once rescued.
Gerasim differed from the rest of the courtyards by the integrity of the soul inherent in the peasant, courage and resourcefulness. Even his natural ailment could not prevent him from falling in love with Tatyana, the lady's washerwoman, and achieving a reciprocal feeling. Because of the whim of the mistress, Tatyana was married to the bitter drunkard Kapiton and Gerasim could not marry Tatyana and live happily ever after, but he did not take revenge on anyone and this is his main difference from the rest of the yard - his broad and submissive peasant soul, accepting his share for granted.
Mumu, saved by Gerasim, became attached to him and became an outlet for Gerasim. The lady noticed Gerasim's affection for Mumu and ordered him to get rid of the dog, because she wanted to humiliate Gerasim and emphasize his position as a serf. Gerasim was forced to fulfill the order of the mistress, because he could not disobey, but he could not stand it and left the mistress, protesting against her tyranny and cruelty.

"Mumu" Turgenev plunges us into the times of serfdom, in a rather cruel time. A time where there is little justice. In a world where there is almost no justice for "little people".

In the story, Gerasim appears before us as a gloomy and reserved person, imposing, about two meters tall, with great strength and great love for work.

Gerasim is a serf who works as a janitor for an old lady in Moscow "... a nice man."

Gerasim does not accept jokes on his person: "... However, not everyone dared to mock Gerasim ...". Possessing the plot of great stubbornness and living a loner life because of his disability, oddly enough, has a big heart.

However, even such a person, possessing great kindness, took the loss of Mumu too hard. He had to leave the mistress's court.

Appearances are deceptive. Not everyone who looks ugly or frightening is the one that we are seeing with the example of Turgenev's Gerasim.