September 5 this day. September in history

Tommaso Campanella, Italian philosopher, poet, creator of the communist utopia, Dominican monk, was born in 1568.

At the beginning of the 18th century, Tomaso Campanella wrote in prison "The City of the Sun" - an amazing dream of a prisoner sentenced to life for absolute equality and happiness. But Campanella, as a person and thinker, cannot be limited by the authorship of a utopia. He was a great rebel. At the end of the era of absolute dominance of medieval church dogmas, he fled from the Dominican monastery, defended heretical ideas, and in 1598-1599 became the organizer of a conspiracy against the Spanish authorities in southern Italy.

Captured by the Inquisition, he spent about 27 years in prisons, endured terrible torture. But his independent mind made its way to people through the walls of dungeons. In prison, he wrote and handed over to freedom a book in defense of Galileo; created works on philosophy, military art, medicine, theology, physics ... The last years of his life the scientist spent in France, where he managed to do a lot for the publication of his works.

In 1666, on September 5, the famous fire of London was extinguished, which the British pompously call "Great".

It all started quite innocently: the baker of King Charles II, leaving the kitchen in the evening, believing that the fire had gone out, did not close the oven damper. From sparks scattered a little further, a fire arose, as a result of which four-fifths of London, which consisted mainly of wooden houses, burned down, and the British had to rebuild their capital anew.

The royal land surveyor Christopher Wren was in charge of these works. It is to him that the inhabitants of the British Isles are grateful for the London that now exists. And another positive result of the fire: the plague was then raging in the city, and, as it turned out, all the rats that were its main carriers were destroyed by fire.

Scottish poet Robert Ferguson was born in 1750.

He lived in the world for only 24 years, and died in a lunatic asylum. He was plagued by poverty and disease. His poems differed from his life in simplicity of intonation, humor and festive mood.

Robert Ferguson is considered the ingenious predecessor of Robert Burns. On his unmarked grave, by order of Burns, a tombstone was erected with the lines carved on it:

No urn, no solemn word,
There is no statue in its enclosure.
Only a bare stone says sternly:
- Scotland! Under the stone is your poet.

In 1775, on September 5, the French sculptor Etienne Falcone, invited to Russia to work on the monument to Peter I, began to cast the sculpture.

It ended not entirely successfully: Peter's head and half of the horse's head failed. The entire upper part of the monument had to be recast, after which both halves were carefully connected and minted. This method of making large sculptures was well known in Europe. However, Catherine II did not want to inspect, as she was informed, poor quality work, and did not pay for the last works of the master.

The grand opening of the Bronze Horseman took place in 1782. Thousands of people came to the square, but among them was not the creator of the masterpiece - Falcone - he was not sent an invitation.

In 1786, the Minister of Public Education under Tsar Nicholas I, Sergei Semenovich Uvarov, was born.

We owe him the birth of the famous Uvarov triad - Orthodoxy, autocracy, nationality. This formula was included as a motto in his count's coat of arms, when in 1846 he was elevated to the dignity of a count. Despite friendly ties with Karamzin, Zhukovsky, Batyushkov and acquaintance with Goethe, Madame de Stael Uvarov consistently pursued a reactionary policy in the field of education, restricting access to education for students of humble origin and tightening government control over universities and schools.

In professors, he above all valued "Russian feeling and integrity of opinions." Paradoxically, Uvarov's official position was shaken as a result of the revolutionary movement in Europe in 1848-49, when he was recognized as incapable of eradicating Jacobinism in educational institutions. From such grief, the count suffered a "nervous shock", which served as a pretext for his dismissal from the post of minister in 1849, although he still remained president of the Academy of Sciences. After another blow in 1855, Uvarov died.

Today marks 195 years since the birth of Count Alexei Konstantinovich Tolstoy (he was 11 years older than Leo Tolstoy, who was a distant relative of his). Poet, prose writer, historian, satirist... The range of interests - and talents - of this man was boundless.

Being the royal adjutant wing, Count Alexei Tolstoy was burdened by the service. “Service and art are incompatible,” he wrote to the tsar and won his resignation, devoting himself entirely to literature. Together with the Zhemchuzhnikov brothers, he wrote poetry and literary parodies under the assumed name of Kozma Prutkov. Then came the novel "Prince Silver", the historical trilogy "The Death of Ivan the Terrible", "Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich" and "Tsar Boris", ballads and poems ...

Some of his poems have become songs.

In 1905, the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Russian Empire, Sergei Witte, and the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Japan, Yutaro Komura, signed a peace treaty in the American city of Portsmouth, which ended the Russo-Japanese War.

Russia could have won even after the defeat at Tsushima and the surrender of Port Arthur, but the revolution of 1905, largely caused by an unsuccessful war, prompted Nicholas II to end the hostilities. Witte showed himself to be a tough diplomat, rejecting Komura's ultimatum demands for the payment of a huge indemnity, the transfer of all Sakhalin and Russian military ships located in neutral ports to Japan. The Japanese had to cede Port Arthur and Dalniy, which they captured, part of the South Manchurian Railway, as well as half of Sakhalin to the 50th parallel (after that, Witte was nicknamed "Count Polusakhalinsky").

The peace treaty was observed until the Japanese occupation of Manchuria in 1931, and finally lost its force after the surrender of Japan in 1945.

In 1906, the poet Semyon Kirsanov was born in Odessa in the family of a tailor.

His youth is the revolution and the Civil War. His idol is Mayakovsky. His poetry is an experiment. He called himself "the circus performer of verse" and composed bizarre geometric shapes from words. His style is play on words and play on words, paradox and fireworks.

He was called "a polytechnical museum of rhythms, rhymes and metaphors", "a brilliant master of form".

Teresa Vasilievna Durova, People's Artist of Russia, was born in 1926.

Teresa Durova is the only granddaughter of the first Russian "king of jesters" Anatoly Durov. She was named after her grandmother. German Teresa Johannovna Stadler once charmed a Russian clown, left Germany with him and became his wife.

Little Teresa first appeared on the arena riding a pony in Stalingrad in 1936, assisted her father and brothers, was both a clown and an acrobat. From 1947, she performed with a mixed group of animals, was an elephant trainer. The growth of the tamer is 150 centimeters. And circus elephants, on the contrary, she came across the largest - up to three meters high and weighing six tons ... During numerous tours, she lived in the circus, next to her animals. The whole world knew: Madame Durova does not stay in fashionable hotels.

After 65 years of working with animals, she left the arena. The reason is the death in October 2003 of the beloved elephant Monry, with whom Durova performed for about 50 years. The American Institute of Immortality has entered the name of Teresa Durova in the Book of Immortality at number 19. The names of such great people of the planet as the composer Johann Bach, Cardinal Richelieu, Louis VIII and others are also inscribed in this book. The name of Teresa Vasilievna Durova was given to the Penza Circus.

His best films are Aguirre, the Wrath of God, Fitzcarraldo, Each for Himself, and God Against All (The Kasper Hauser Mystery), Heart of Glass, Nosferatu - Ghost of the Night.
Werner Herzog turns 65 today.

Sri Krishna Janmashthami - Krishna Appearance Day - is a significant Vedic holiday, which is celebrated very widely in India and is popular (despite even religion). Krishna represents the absolute meaning of life, which is at the core of creation beyond everything. The Vedas consider Shri Krishna to be the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the cause of all causes.

Aalsmeer Flower Parade (Holland) - 2015. The Aalsmeer Flower Parade (Holland) is celebrated on the first Saturday of September.

International Day of Peace.

Day of Oil and Gas Industry Workers (first Sunday September).

Day of the city of Voronezh(430 years).

On September 5, 1585, the French statesman Armand Jean du Plessis Richelieu was born in Paris, cardinal from 1622, first minister, head of the royal council from 1624, duke-peer from 1631. He died on December 4, 1642, ibid.

September 5, 1638 in Saint-Germain-en-Laye was born the heir to the French throne, Louis XIV. He died on September 1, 1715 at Versailles.

September 5, 1748 was born Zakhary Anikeevich Goryushkin - Russian legal scholar, professor at Moscow University (1786-1811). Goryushkin was self-taught, his work "Guide to the knowledge of Russian law" was the first generalization of Russian legislation and its history. Goryushkin was the first to point to the manners and proverbs of the Russian people as a source of jurisprudence. He pointed out the importance and significance of the ancient monuments of legislation. PER. Goryushkin published "Three books describing judicial actions" (1807, 1808, 1815). Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin in his "History of the Russian State" used a number of chronicle lists from Goryushkin's personal collection. He died on September 24, 1821, in Moscow.

Amy Beach was born on September 5, 1867 in England. Her parents had a high position in society. Amy grew up as a gifted child from childhood. Already at the age of one year, she learned a few simple melodies, which the trowels performed. She died on December 27, 1944.

On September 5, 1902, Rudolf Virchow, a German scientist, one of the founders of cell theory in biology and medicine, also known as an archaeologist and politician, a foreign corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1881), died in Berlin. One of the founders (1861) and leaders of the German Progressive Party, since 1884 - the Free Thinkers Party. Born October 13, 1821, in Schiffelbein, Prussia, now Koszalin Voivodeship, Poland.

On September 5, 1906, the Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann, one of the founders of statistical physics and physical kinetics, a foreign corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, died.

On September 5, 1915, after a summer of military failures, Emperor Nicholas II arrived at Headquarters in Mogilev, removed his uncle, Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolayevich, from the post of Supreme Commander-in-Chief, and took up this post himself.

On September 5, 1918, the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR adopted a decree on the Red Terror, which confirmed the right of the Cheka to apply capital punishment without trial or investigation.

On September 5, 1919, the Soviet military leader Vasily Ivanovich Chapaev, a hero of the Civil War, died. Since 1918, he commanded a detachment, a brigade and the 25th Infantry Division, which played a significant role in the defeat of the troops of Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak in the summer of 1919. Wounded during a raid by the Ural Cossacks, he drowned while trying to swim across the Urals. The image of Chapaev is captured in the story of Dmitry Andreevich Furmanov "Chapaev" and the film of the same name. Born February 9 (January 28 old style) 1887, in the family of a poor peasant.

On September 5, 1929, the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks adopted a resolution "On measures to streamline production management and establish unity of command."

On September 5, 1929, in the village of Shorshely, Mariinsky Posadsky District, Chuvash ASSR, RSFSR, USSR, Andriyan Grigoryevich Nikolaev was born - Russian cosmonaut, USSR pilot-cosmonaut, major general of aviation (1970), candidate of technical sciences, twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1962 , 1970. Flights on Vostok-3 (August 1962) and Soyuz-9 (June 1970). USSR State Prize (1981). Died July 3, 2004, in the city of Cheboksary, Russia.

On September 5, 1940, the newspaper "Pionerskaya Pravda" began to publish the stories of Arkady Petrovich Gaidar "Timur and his team."

September 5, 1946 in Zanzibar was born Freddie Mercury (Mercury; real name Farrukh Balsara, Bulsara) - British rock singer, musician, songwriter, leader of the rock band Queen, one of the brightest stars of rock. He died on November 24, 1991, in London, from pneumonia caused by AIDS.

On September 5, 1967, a decree was issued by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the abolition of decisions of 1944 "containing indiscriminate accusations against citizens of Tatar nationality living in the Crimea", which instructed to provide assistance and assistance to areas with a Tatar population.

On September 5, 1973, Alexander Solzhenitsyn wrote and sent his "Letter to the Leaders of the Soviet Union" to the Kremlin.

September 5, 1976 in Odessa, in the Ukrainian SSR, Tatyana Konstantinovna Gutsu was born - Soviet and Ukrainian gymnast, two-time Olympic champion in 1992 in the absolute and team championships, multiple world, European and USSR champion, winner of the USSR Cup and the CIS Cup. Honored Master of Sports of the USSR (1991).

On September 5, 1979, Roman Mikhailovich Ghirshman, a French scientist, archaeologist, historian and orientalist, specialist in the Near and Middle East, died in Budapest; member of the French Academy. Born October 3, 1895, in Kharkov.

On September 5, 1990, Anastasia Pavlovna Georgievskaya, a Russian theater and film actress, People's Artist of the USSR (1968), winner of the Stalin Prize (1951), died in Moscow. Since 1936 at the Moscow Art Theater. She was born on November 7, 1914, in Orel.

On September 5, 1998, consideration of the criminal case of former employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (including the son-in-law of Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, Yuri Churbanov) began.

On September 5, 1992, during the launch of the Kosmos-1603 satellite into orbit, a block of the Proton rocket exploded.

September 5, 1997 celebrated the 850th anniversary of Moscow. Monument to Peter I Zurab Tsereteli unveiled in Moscow.

On September 5, 2006, a solemn event dedicated to the completion of the construction of the LG ELECTRONICS plant in the village of Dorohovo, Ruzsky district, took place.

On September 5, 2007, in the Kaluga region, on the territory of the Vorsino industrial park, a solemn ceremony of laying the foundation stone for the foundation of the Samsung Electronics plant - Samsung Electronics Rus Kaluga LLC took place.

On September 5, 2007, Tatyana Yakovlevna Elizarenkova, a Russian linguist and translator, died in Moscow. She graduated from the Faculty of Philology of Moscow State University (1951), worked at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Doctor of Philology (1994). In 2004, she was awarded the Padma Shri Order, India's highest award for foreigners, for translating the Rig Veda. Winner of the International Nicholas Roerich Prize in 2006 in the nomination "Achievements in the formation of the cultural image of Russia in the world." She was born on September 17, 1929, in Leningrad.

On September 5, 2011, Google released a logo for Freddie Mercury's birthday, which shows an animated video created by Google for the song Don't Stop Me Now by Queen.

On September 5, 2014, actor and showman Ivan Urgant took part in the Voice show as a participant.

1827 - The Naval Ministry was established in Russia.

1945 - Canada's first nuclear reaction takes place in Ontario.

1977 - the automatic interplanetary station Voyager 1 is launched.

1980 - The longest 16 km railway tunnel opens in Switzerland.

1986 - The death penalty is abolished in Australia.

Event map

Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky was born on September 5, 1857, a Russian scientist and inventor, the founder of modern cosmonautics. Proceedings in the field of aerodynamics and rocket dynamics, the theory of aircraft and airship.

On September 5, 1993, the Russian writer Yulian Semyonovich Semyonov (1931-1993) died. Action-packed political detective stories: the story "Seventeen Moments of Spring" (1969; television film of the same name, 1973), "TASS is authorized to declare" (1979); chronicle in 4 books "Alternative" (1975); novels "Burning" (1977-1978 about Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky), "Press Center" (1984), "Expansion" (books 1-3, 1985-87).

Calendar of upcoming significant dates from LADNO.ru

- 1812. During the Patriotic War of 1812, a battle took place near the village of Shevardino between Russian troops (about 18 thousand people) under the command of General A. I. Gorchakov with the French corps of Marshal L. Davout with the support of the Polish cavalry of General Yu. Poniatovsky ( only up to 35 thousand people). Russian troops stubbornly defended their positions and only late in the evening, by order of the commander-in-chief of the Russian troops, M. I. Kutuzov, left them. The defense of the redoubt at Shevardino allowed the Russian command to gain time to complete defensive work at the main position near the village of Borodino.

- 1905. A peace treaty with Japan was concluded in Portsmouth, according to which Japan received the southern part of Sakhalin (up to the 50th parallel), the Kwantung Peninsula. Russian troops were withdrawn from Manchuria. Korea entered the sphere of influence of Japan.

- 1942 The order of the People's Commissar of Defense "On the tasks of the partisan movement" was signed. Foreign intelligence was to take a direct part in the partisan movement. In total, during the years of the war, 212 detachments and groups were sent behind enemy lines. Partisan formations were created around these groups. They inflicted significant damage on the invaders in terms of manpower and equipment, diverted significant enemy forces, communicated with underground residencies behind Nazi lines, collected and sent to the center valuable information about the plans and movements of the enemy.

- 1997 In Moscow, in honor of the 300th anniversary of the Russian fleet, a monument-monument to its creator - Peter I (sculptor 3. K. Tsereteli) was opened.

The 248th day of 2018 according to the Gregorian calendar.. We invite you to find out what important events happened on this day in different years.

September 5th in history

In 1666 The Great Fire of London ended, which lasted only three days, but destroyed about 10,000 buildings. Interestingly, the elements claimed only 16 human lives.

In 1862 English aeronauts James Glaisher and Henry Coxwell reached a record height of 9000 meters in a balloon at that time.

In 1882 American workers held the first Labor Day demonstration in New York, USA. Since then, this national holiday has been celebrated in America on the first Monday of October.

In 1964 hit "The house of the rising sun" by "The Animals" took first place in the American hit parade.

In 1980 The world's longest railway tunnel has been opened in Switzerland. Its length was 16 kilometers.

In 1986 Australia has completely abolished the death penalty for common crimes.

In 2005 There was a major plane crash in Medan, Indonesia. Boeing 737 crashed on takeoff. In total, 149 people died, only 16 passengers managed to survive.

September 5th were born

1939 - George Lazenby played the role of James Bond in the film On Her Majesty's Secret Service.

1973 - American actress Rose McGowan, known for her roles in the series "Charmed" and "Once Upon a Time".

1976 - Dutch actress Carice van Houten, best known for her role as Melisandre in Game of Thrones.

Photo: Instagram the_starks_of_winterfell

1984 - Russian actress Yulia Peresild, who played the legendary female sniper Lyudmila Pavlichenko in the film "Battle for Sevastopol".

1988 - English actor, performer of the role of Samwell Tarly in the TV series Game of Thrones.

Photo: Instagram johnbradleywest

We also invite you to find out. Our ancestors paid a lot of attention to "clues" from nature.

First of all, remember that today is Reciprocity Day. No matter how hard the skeptics try to defend their opinion that mutual love is impossible - either you love, or you allow yourself to be loved, but friendship, mutual respect and sincere feelings have not yet died out in the world. So feel free to celebrate this holiday with loved ones.

Today is Orange Day. This, as they say, is about autumn. A day filled with the smell of red leaves, the quiet rustle of a creeping road, peaceful silence, sunny memories of summer.

Another orange color releases emotions, raises self-esteem, promotes a good mood.

The world celebrates the International Day of Charity today, by decision of the UN General Assembly (since 2013), and Hungary was the main initiator of the holiday. This day is dedicated to the date of the death of Mother Teresa of Calcutta, one of the most famous women of our time for her activities.

India celebrates Teacher's Day.

Historical events on September 5 in the world

• 1958 - Boris Pasternak's novel "Doctor Zhivago" was published in the USA;
• 1977 - the automatic interplanetary station "Voyager-1" was launched;
• 1981 - the first death of a resident of Asia from AIDS was recorded;
• 1986 - The death penalty is abolished in Australia.

Historical events on September 5 in Kazakhstan

1933 - the Republican Drama Theater named after M. Lermontov was opened in Almaty;

© Foto: Archive of the Russian Drama Theater named after M. Yu. Lermontov

1986 - officially opened a new airport, called "Karaganda-Central";

2001 - a mosque named after A. Mashkhur Zhusup.

Celebrity birthdays on September 5 in the world

Who was born on September 5 in Kazakhstan

In 1924, Sydyk Mukhamedzhanov, a Kazakh composer, Honored Art Worker of Kazakhstan, was born;

Nursan Alimbay, director of the Central State Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan, was born in 1954.

September 5 in the Orthodox calendar

On this day, the Orthodox honor the memory of the martyr Luppa, who was a faithful servant of the holy Great Martyr Demetrius of Thessalonica.

September 5th in the Catholic calendar

Today in the Catholic Church is a day dedicated to the memory of the death of the Mother of God.

Moon calendar

Moon in Cancer. The day is favorable and successful for trade, court cases, moving or business trip. Good sleep and rest. Exacerbation of chronic diseases is possible.

Day Angel

Events that happened on September 5th.

1666 - The Great Fire of London ended, which lasted 3 days. About 10 thousand buildings burned down, while only 16 deaths are known.
1698 - In order to instill in his subjects the fashion adopted in other European countries, Peter I established a tax on beards (see beard sign).
1755 - The British authorities began the deportation of French settlers from Nova Scotia (Canada).
1775 - The casting of the monument to Peter I (the Bronze Horseman) began, the supervision of which was entrusted to the caster E. Khailov.
1793 - The French National Congress established the Regime of Terror to protect the revolution.
1800 - Britain takes over Malta.
1812 - the capture of the Shevardinsky redoubt by the French.
1827 - Establishment of the Naval Ministry in Russia.
1882 - In New York City, workers staged the first Labor Day demonstration.
1885 - First gasoline pump installed at Jake Gumper's US service station.
1905 - Signing of the Treaty of Portsmouth, the end of the Russo-Japanese War.
1918 - The Council of People's Commissars of Russia issued a decree on the beginning of the Red Terror.
1927 - Cheboksary and Mariinsko-Posadsky districts of Chuvashia were formed.
1929 - The Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks adopted a resolution "On measures to streamline production management and establish unity of command." This resolution establishes the areas of responsibility of the administrative apparatus, factory committees and party cells in the management of enterprises.
- French Prime Minister A. Briand proposed the unification of European states into one.
1939 - The US declared neutrality in World War II.
- The Ministry of Information has been formed in Great Britain.
- The daughter of Marina Tsvetaeva, 26-year-old Ariadna Efron, was arrested in Moscow, so eager to return home from emigration. She spent almost 15 years in prisons and camps.
1940 - In "Pionerskaya Pravda" they began to print the story of Arkady Gaidar "Timur and his team." Unexpectedly, after a few issues, the publication was stopped. It seemed to some of the authorities that Timur's team was a real conspiratorial organization, and there was no need to propagandize the unorganized Timurov movement when there was an organized pioneer movement. In the end, everything settled down, and the publication continued.
1941 - The evacuation of all children under the age of 12 is announced in Moscow.
- German troops completely took over Estonia.
1944 - The USSR declared war on Bulgaria.
1945 - Canada's first nuclear reaction takes place in Ontario.
1946 - The largest drop in stock prices on the New York Stock Exchange since the "big crash" of 1929.
1950 - A socialist constitution is adopted in Syria.
1958 - Boris Pasternak's novel Doctor Zhivago is first published in the United States.
1964 - The Animals hit number one on the US Singles Chart with their version of "The House of the Rising Sun".
1967 - An amnesty for the Crimean Tatars was announced.
1971 - Canada's first French-language private television begins broadcasting in Montreal.
1972 - The Palestinian terrorist organization "Black September" captured the Israeli team during the Olympic Games in Munich (see. Attack at the Munich Olympics).
1977 - Voyager 1 launched.
1978 - At the suggestion of US President Jimmy Carter, negotiations began at Camp David between Egypt and Israel. 12 days later, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin agreed on the text of a peace treaty between the two countries. The agreement will be signed in March next year. It provided for the withdrawal of Israeli troops from the Sinai Peninsula within three years, the establishment of diplomatic relations and the determination of the regime of navigation through the Suez Canal. The fate of the Israeli-occupied West Bank and the Gaza Strip was to be the subject of future negotiations between Jordan and the Palestine Liberation Organization. In the Arab world, the Camp David Accords were greeted sharply negatively.
1979 - Gold coin issues announced in Canada to stimulate the gold mining industry.
1980 - The longest - 16 km - railway tunnel opens in Switzerland.
1981 - The first recorded death of a resident of Asia from AIDS.
1983 - Western states impose a 14-day ban on flights of the Soviet airline Aeroflot to their countries after a South Korean Boeing 747 was shot down by a Soviet fighter near Sakhalin Island.
1986 - The death penalty is completely abolished in Australia.
1990 - IBM first announced the ESCON serial optical interface.
1991 - The Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR adopted the Declaration of Human Rights and Freedoms, as well as resolutions on the preparation and signing of the Treaty on the Union of Sovereign States and the Law on State Administration in the Transitional Period. The congress itself surrenders its powers to the State Council and the not yet formed Supreme Council.
1996 - Boris Yeltsin announced on television that he agreed to undergo a heart operation.
1997 - A monument to Peter I by sculptor Zurab Tsereteli was opened in Moscow.
- Athens was chosen as the capital of the 2004 Olympic Games.
2005 - Boeing 737 crash in Medan.
2008 - The Nicaraguan government recognized the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
2009 - The pleasure boat "Ilinden" capsized due to overload and sank on Lake Ohrid in Macedonia. 15 tourists from Bulgaria were killed.