What remains unchanged in space 5. NASA: American probe successfully performed a gravity maneuver near Venus on its way to the Sun

While humanity has been observing the stars since ancient times, it is only recently that we have made incredible strides in exploring outer space. Using mathematics, telescopes and satellites, we continue to study the Universe surrounding our little blue planet. However, there is much more to be learned, much we do not know and cannot explain. Much of the Universe is full of mysterious phenomena that are beyond our understanding. Curious to travel among the stars and find out what puzzles scientists?

Here are 25 strange things happening in outer space that cannot be explained.

1. Zombie Star

When stars explode, they usually die and stay dead. But recently, scientists discovered a supernova that exploded, died, and then exploded again. Such zombie stars, scientists believe, can only partially explode, leaving the core intact, and then explode several times before finally dying.

ASASSN-15lh is the largest stellar explosion ever discovered by astronomers. They believe it is 20 times brighter than our entire Milky Way. They are not sure which galaxy the light from the explosion came from, but believe it is 3.8 billion light-years away. They are still not sure what exactly and how could produce such a release of energy.

1991 VG is a mysterious object discovered by astronomer James Scotti. Just 10 meters in diameter, it has the same orbit as Earth, and many believed it could be an asteroid, an alien spacecraft, or an old Russian probe.

4. Signal "Wow!"

In 1977, astronomer Jerry Ehman discovered a radio signal from space. It captured a 72-second burst of radio waves. He circled them on a piece of paper and wrote “Wow!” next to them, which is how the signal got its name. For decades, no one knew where it came from, but many believed it was aliens. However, a recent theory suggests that the radio waves were released by a pair of comets.

5. Dark Stream

Clusters of galaxies near the constellations Centaurus and Hydra move at a speed of a million kilometers per hour in a certain direction. This is called dark flow. However, the dark stream is controversial because it technically shouldn't exist and scientists can't explain why it is there. Its existence also points to something outside our universe that is attracting these clusters of galaxies.

In 2015, astronomers saw that something strange was happening to the star KIC 8462852. Its brightness was constantly changing, and many speculated that this could be caused by the presence of an alien megastructure. But upon closer inspection, scientists concluded that perhaps a cloud of dust orbiting the star was blocking the light every 700 days or so. More research is needed.

7. Re-ionization of the Universe

While the main theory behind the creation of the universe is the Big Bang, there was a period of time after it called the Era of Reionization that remains unclear. This period is believed to have lasted 1 billion years until galaxies and stars appeared that reionized hydrogen in the Universe. The problem, however, is that all the galaxies and stars known today would not have enough energy to do this.

8. Rectangular Galaxy

In 2012, astronomers discovered a rather unusual galaxy called LEDA 074886. What's so strange about it? The fact is that such rectangular galaxies have never been discovered before. Scientists thought that this shape could be explained by a gravitational lens effect, but this was considered implausible.

9. Baryonic matter

Astronomers are having trouble finding dark matter and dark energy in the Universe, but they're also struggling with baryonic matter. Baryonic matter is the atoms and ions that make up the planets, stars, dust and gas in the Universe. Most of them have mysteriously disappeared, and scientists are not sure what caused them.

10. Dark energy

Dark energy is a hypothetical material that scientists claim is part of the ever-expanding universe, but no one actually understands what it is. Recently, some astronomers have come out with the claim that dark energy does not exist at all, and that the Universe is not accelerating as we once thought.

11. The mysterious moon of Saturn

Dubbed Peggy, a mysterious moon in one of Saturn's rings continues to baffle scientists. It was recently spotted in 2013 and is believed to have formed in the rings, but no one is 100% sure. When Cassini crashed into the planet, researchers gained more data about the moon that could help unlock its secrets.

12. Gamma – splash

During the Cold War in the 1960s, American satellites detected bursts of radiation coming from space. The bursts were intense, brief and came from an unknown source. Now we know that these are gamma-ray bursts. They can be short or long and sometimes occur due to the formation of a black hole. However, they do not cease to be a mystery. Why do bursts appear more often in irregular galaxies than in spiral or elliptical galaxies, and why are there usually few of them rather than many?

13. Rings of Saturn

Thanks to the Cassini probe, we have learned a lot about the rings of Saturn. But there's still a lot we can't explain. While we know its rings are made of water and ice, we don't know how they formed or how old they are.

14. UFO sighting by Major Gordon Cooper

Major Gordon Cooper was a Mercury astronaut who was sent into Earth orbit. While he was in space, Cooper claimed to see a glowing green object approaching his capsule. He alerted the tracking station in Muchea, Australia, and they tracked the object on radar. Nobody can explain what it was.

15. Great Attractor

Originally discovered in the 1970s, the Great Attractor remains a mystery because it lies in what is known as the "avoidance zone." The "Zone of Avoidance" is the middle of our Galaxy, where there is so much dust and gas that we can't see anything underneath. The only way to look at anything is with x-rays and infrared light. The Great Attractor is essentially a huge cluster of galaxies that pulls us towards it. Fortunately, scientists don't believe we'll ever get close to it.

16. Cataclysmic Variables

Cataclysmic variables are quite unique and strange objects in outer space. These are white dwarf stars located in close proximity to red giants. In fact, they are so close that the red giants strip all the gas off the white dwarf.

17. White holes

If black holes have blown your mind, then you should prepare for white holes. While black holes suck everything up and don't allow matter to escape, white holes can be old black holes that spew out everything that was once held inside. But this is just one theory. Another theory claims that white holes could be a portal between dimensions.

18. Jupiter's Great Red Spot

Whether you believe it or not, there is much about the existing vortex - Jupiter's Great Red Spot - that we cannot explain. Although we know it has been there for 150 years and is spinning at 643 km/h, scientists are not sure what creates this vortex or why it has a reddish hue.

Mars is simply a master of all kinds of mysteries. Many scientists believe that Mars had a much more extensive atmosphere consisting of CO2. But, if this is so, the question remains: where did it go? Some believe that the lack of a magnetic field caused solar winds to disperse most of the atmosphere into space. As for the planet's remaining atmosphere, most of it consists of methane, but scientists do not know where the methane came from. There is also the question of water and life on Mars. Puzzled scientists are actively trying to get to the very bottom.

20. Dark matter

Dark matter remains one of the biggest mysteries in outer space. First conceptualized in 1977, it is believed to make up 27 percent of the universe and is essentially behind all the invisible matter in space. But there is a lot we don't know about her yet.

21. Giant Void

Scientists have discovered a place in the Universe that they call the “Giant Void.” It turns out it lives up to its name. Spanning 1.8 billion light years, it is a completely empty stretch of space without any galaxies. It is located about 3 billion light years from Earth. Scientists are not sure what emptiness actually is, and how it became emptiness.

22. Hot Jupiters

Hot Jupiters are gas giants like Jupiter, but much hotter. They orbit very close to their stars. Since there is nothing like this in our solar system, scientists thought it was something strange. But in fact, it is our system that may be considered strange, since Hot Jupiters are much more common than first thought. There are many mysteries surrounding these giants, such as how they formed and why they orbit so close to their stars.

23. Tank on the Moon

UFO hunters claimed that in a black and white photograph of the lunar surface they discovered an object resembling the shape of a tank. It could be a tank, but most likely just an oddly shaped boulder.

24. Black holes

There are many things we know about black holes, such as that their mass is enormous and not even light can escape them, and they are likely the product of an exploding star. However, many questions still confuse scientists. For example, how does a black hole suck in gas and dust orbiting around it, although it should always keep them in orbit? Additionally, while we are familiar with small black holes formed from exploding stars, scientists are still not sure how supermassive black holes form.

25. Star Explosions

When stars explode, they become giant fireballs called supernovae. But it remains a mystery how this happens. While astronomers have used computer simulations to better understand the mechanics of the process, what happens inside the star when it explodes still remains a mystery.

The tension in relations between the United States and Russia has also affected outer space

On October 4, two American astronauts and a Russian cosmonaut returned to Earth, completing a 6-month mission to the ISS. The situation appears slightly tense between Washington and Moscow, threatening to develop into problems of cooperation.

Cosmonauts Andrew Feustel, Richard Arnold and Oleg Artemyev landed southeast of the city of Zhezkazgan (Kazakhstan). Russian and American officials have arrived for the landing, investigating the appearance of a mysterious hole on a Russian spacecraft docked at the orbital station. The hole, discovered in August, led to an air leak on the ISS, but was quickly sealed.

This week, the head of the Russian space agency, Dmitry Rogozin, said that the hole was made deliberately and was not a manufacturing defect. He also hinted at problems of cooperation between Roscosmos and NASA caused by American sanctions in connection with the situation in Ukraine in 2014.

Crew commander Feustel said ISS members were confused by suggestions of deliberate sabotage. NASA is also abandoning the idea of ​​deliberately drilling into the ship. Astronauts plan to perform a space walk in November to collect more data about the hole.

The ISS is one of the few areas of close Russian-American cooperation that has remained stable despite Washington's sanctions and political differences. The cosmonauts said goodbye to the remaining crew members: Alexander Gerst, Serina Aunien-Chancellor and Sergei Prokopyev. The next launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome to the station is scheduled for October 11.

Happy Landing

The crew smiles upon returning to Earth. Artemyev came out first and said that he would definitely eat a fruit and vegetable salad first. Fustel and Arnold also felt cheerful.

The journey proved especially important for Arnold, who spent 197 days of his life at the station. Moreover, Arnold was giving lessons that were intended to be taught by Christa McAulliffe (female astronaut), one of the 7 crew members who died in a fire in the Challenger space shuttle accident in 1986.

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It's no secret that space travel is the future of humanity, but we all are closer to the romance of distant worlds than the unsightly reality associated with what awaits on the ship for anyone who goes on a mission. Surely you've all heard about the Apollo 11 shuttle and Neil Armstrong, the first man to land on the moon, but few people know exactly how he went to the toilet during the legendary 3-day flight.

In fact, space and orbital stations are not such an elevated space as we are used to thinking about them. From the ever-present sweat to the horribly uncomfortable toilet fixtures, the human body faces many unpleasant challenges in space. If we want to get to Mars, we'll have to figure out how to deal with a lot of inconvenience.

Are you ready to open your eyes to the ugly truth about spaceflight? If so, then ahead of you is a list of 25 disgusting facts about the life of astronauts outside the earth's atmosphere.

25. Bacteria

You may think that space stations or spaceships should certainly be very clean, but this is far from the case. It's just as dirty as your home if you don't clean it for weeks. Scientists have found that approximately 4 thousand species of bacteria and microbes live in space along with expedition participants on a permanent basis.

24. Space sickness


Photo: WikipediaCommons.com

Considering how much energy is required to launch astronauts into orbit, and not forgetting that people there find themselves in microgravity conditions, it is not surprising that crew members experience enormous stress during flight. This is why astronauts constantly suffer from the so-called space adaptation syndrome. Symptoms of this disease usually include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and dizziness.

23. Slime


Photo: Pixabay.com

On Earth, mucus leaves our body through the nose or migrates down the throat, and most often you don’t even notice it. However, in space, microgravity does not allow this entire process to occur according to the usual pattern, and all secretions simply accumulate in the places where they are produced. The only way to get rid of mucus on board the orbital station is to blow the snot into a handkerchief. However, astronauts often resort to very hot spices to make their life easier.

22. Brains


Photo: WikipediaCommons.com

As you have already noticed, microgravity is associated with a number of very unpleasant phenomena. When a person enters space, his circulatory system begins to work differently, not like on Earth. Instead of our heart pumping blood to the legs, it begins to supply blood to a greater extent to the upper body and head. For about the first 4 days in space, astronauts' faces literally become swollen due to all the blood rushing to the brain instead of supplying nutrients and oxygen to our extremities. Fortunately, the body subsequently adapts to the new conditions, and healthy blood circulation is eventually restored.

21. Spices


Photo: Tbuckley89

In microgravity, you wouldn't be able to salt or pepper your food the way you normally would. Just imagine particles of ground pepper and crystals of salt floating throughout the ship... That is why all the necessary seasonings for the orbital station are supplied strictly in liquid form.

20. Dead skin


Photo: Rjelves

On Earth, dead skin falls in small particles directly onto the floor, and is constantly blown away by air currents or washed away with water. On spaceships, as you already remember, there is microgravity, and therefore nothing there can ever just fall and lie in its place, waiting for cleaning or wind. As a result, astronauts often encounter clouds of dead skin when one of their comrades changes clothes.

19. Sludge from tubes


Photo: WikipediaCommons.com

In the early days of space travel, a tasty and pleasing diet was not high on the list of space agencies' top priorities. As a result, at first the astronauts had big problems with their appetite, because they had to literally choke on strange mixtures from tubes.

18. The smell of space


Photo: WikipediaCommons.com

Have you ever tried to imagine what space smells like? When astronauts return to the station after spacewalks and take off their spacesuits, they smell unusual odors. Most often these aromas are compared to undercooked steak, hot iron or even sulfur. In other words, space stinks rather than smells.

17. Smells on the space station


Photo: WikipediaCommons.com

If you're confused by the description of the smell of outer space, prepare yourself for something worse - the aromas found inside space stations. It is not surprising that the smell there is far from the best, because there are always very different people on board, and in this case you cannot open the window. Crew members naturally breathe and sweat constantly, partly due to their daily two-hour training sessions, so NASA even installed special deodorizing devices on board the station. However, the famous astronaut Scotty Kelly once said that the ISS still smells like a prison...

16. Special panties with increased absorbency “Maximum Absorbency Garment”


Photo: Headlock0225

Underwear called “Maximum Absorbency Garment” sounds very serious, but in fact it is just special diapers for astronauts. During the launch of the shuttle and on the way to the ISS, the crew members physically do not have the opportunity to simply take off their spacesuit and run into the space at any time, so these panties come to their rescue. The first to use this American diaper for its intended purpose was astronaut Alan Shepard.

15. Uncontrolled urination

Photo: WikipediaCommons.com

In microgravity, the nerves that tell you when it's time to urinate work very differently than they do on Earth. The thing is that the fluid in the bladder on the ISS is filled according to different laws, and it does not always fill it from bottom to top. The bladder just gradually fills up to its limit, and then suddenly you realize that it's too late to run to the toilet.

14. Drinking water from your own urine


Photo: NASA.gov

There's not a lot of water in space. To solve the problem of water supply on board the ISS, astronauts began to drink recycled and purified water, produced, among other things, from their urine. The device, which converts all kinds of liquids and urine into drinkable water, costs about $250 million! Surely this device is being properly monitored, because none of the participants in the flight would want something to go wrong...

13. Bloating


Photo: Pixabay.com

During the digestion of food, gases are formed in the body. Under the usual conditions of the earth’s atmosphere, these gases easily find a way to leave the body, but in space they remain inside the body for a long time. If you try to fart on purpose, this may cause vomiting. They say that astronauts came up with a special technique for how to properly release gases on board spacecraft.

12. Constipation

Photo: James Heilman, MD

We already know that microgravity causes astronauts to swell and have bloated bellies. However, this is not the worst thing that can happen. For example, there can be constipation in space. Now it’s clear why, during flight missions, astronauts feed mainly on semi-liquid liquid from tubes...

11. Vomiting in space


Photo: Dirk Schoellner / NASA Blueshift / flickr

As we have already said, crew members regularly experience space sickness, which sometimes leads to vomiting. Imagine being in microgravity and feeling sick. Vomit will fly all over the ship! Typically, astronauts try to use vomit bags, which are then stored on the station until the arrival of a new shuttle.

10. Defecation in space

Photo: WikipediaCommons.com

Life on spaceships is a very interesting topic. During the first flights, relieving oneself was an extremely uncomfortable process, and the astronauts had to use special bags. Fortunately, a lot has changed for the better since then. Nowadays, expedition participants can already sit on an almost ordinary toilet, but first they take a whole separate course to learn how to do this in the most correct position, otherwise fecal matter will end up in the wrong place.

9. Diarrhea


Photo: WikipediaCommons.com

On the Apollo 8 spacecraft, which went to the Moon under the leadership of Frank Borman, everything went wrong almost at the very beginning of the mission. At some point, Borman woke up from an upset stomach - he had terrible diarrhea and was vomiting. Vomit and diarrhea scattered throughout the cramped capsule, causing a lot of inconvenience to the crew members. Captain Borman did not want to report the incident to Earth, but his colleagues Jim Lovell and William Anders forced their boss to report such an unpleasant incident to the control center.

8. Gut health checks


Photo: Jason7825 / en.wikipedia

There was a time when astronauts on their space missions wore special devices in their abdomen to monitor intestinal motility. All readings from these sensors were recorded and analyzed by specialists on Earth, who made sure that everything was in order with the astronauts.

7. Toilet clogged

Photo: WikipediaCommons.com

At home on Earth, a clogged toilet is a rather unpleasant problem, but in space... In 1981, this is exactly what happened. It happened on board the Space Shuttle Columbia - fecal matter then came from the ventilation system directly into the main cabin of the ship. It seems that participants in the Apollo flight program also periodically encountered excrement floating around the shuttle.

6. Sneezing


Photo: WikipediaCommons.com

While the astronaut is in his spacesuit, he cannot cover his mouth or nose when sneezing. If you do happen to sneeze, it can become a serious problem. For example, the wipers of a helmet can be covered with drool and snot, which will have a detrimental effect on the ability to see what is happening around and navigate in space. You definitely wouldn't want to feel like a blind kitten in outer space, believe me. To avoid such complications, astronauts always try to sneeze downwards and not in front of them.

5. Death in space


Photo: Claus Ableiter

For a long time, no one really had a normal plan in the event of the death of one of the expedition members right on board the space station. It is unlikely that astronauts would like to deal with a corpse on the ISS. As a result, NASA, together with the Promessa funeral home, developed the “Body Back” concept. According to the researchers' idea, the body of the deceased is placed in a cover resembling a sleeping bag and attached to the outside of the spacecraft. According to the Americans' plan, the body in the sleeping bag will have to burn to ashes in the Earth's atmosphere when the shuttle enters its upper layers.

4. Bathroom on the ISS


Photo: WikipediaCommons.com

Many people probably know what constant quarrels over queues in the bathroom or toilet are like in a large family. Now imagine the same situation in space, and you will understand that your problems are nothing. The ISS was launched into Earth orbit back in 1998, and since then Russian and American scientists have been constantly working there. During all this time, there were many conflicts on board. For example, Russian cosmonauts love jellied meat, which sometimes causes toilets to become clogged. This angered Western cosmonauts so much that they simply forbade the Russians from using NASA toilets.

3. Beads of sweat


Photo: Minghong

As we have already told you, astronauts are required to exercise 2 hours a day to keep their body in shape and not lose muscle mass. During physical activity, they, of course, sweat. In microgravity conditions, sweat does not drain from the body, as on Earth, but simply sticks to the skin in the form of small round droplets. If you don’t wipe this sweat yourself with a towel, it won’t go away from you for a long time. If you're still not disgusted, know that astronauts collect their own sweat to later use it to produce drinking water.

2. It’s very difficult to wash in space, so showering is extremely rare there.


Photo: WikipediaCommons.com

During expeditions, astronauts usually have a lot of work, and at the same time they do not wash for weeks. In the very first missions, everything even went too far... And if you remember that the astronauts lived in very cramped capsules, then it’s better not to even strain your imagination.

1. Calluses on feet


Photo: Quinn Dombrowski

Remember we talked about dead skin? Something worse can happen. According to the astronauts, in space the tips of their toes become painfully sensitive, and they constantly develop new calluses, which every now and then fall off and then fly around the ISS.

Space is fraught with many mysteries, and we have only just begun to study it. And one of the problems that needs to be solved in the future is gravity.

What's wrong with her, you ask? But she’s not there! Or rather, not like that. Gravity is always there, we experience it from the Earth, the Moon, the Sun, other stars and even the center of our galaxy. But the force of attraction that suits us exists only on Earth. And when we fly to other planets or roam space, what about gravity? It needs to be created artificially.

Why do we need a certain gravitational force?

On Earth, all organisms have adapted to a gravitational force of 9.8 m/s^2. If it is greater, then plants will not be able to grow upward, and we will constantly experience pressure, which is why our bones will break and our organs will be destroyed. And if it is less, then we will begin to have problems with the delivery of nutrients in the blood, muscle growth, etc.

When we develop colonies on Mars and the Moon, we will face the problem of reduced gravity. Our muscles partially atrophy, adapting to the local force of gravity. But upon returning to Earth, we will begin to have problems with walking, dragging objects, and even breathing. That's how much everything depends on gravity.

And we already have an example of how this happens - the International Space Station.

Astronauts on the ISS and why there is no gravity there

Those visiting the ISS must exercise on treadmills and exercise machines every day. This is because during their stay their muscles lose their “grip”. In conditions of weightlessness, you don’t need to lift your body, you can relax. This is exactly what the body thinks. There is no gravity on the ISS, not because it is in space.

The distance from it to the Earth is only 400 kilometers, and the force of gravity at this distance is only slightly less than on the surface of the planet. But the ISS does not stand still - it rotates in Earth's orbit. She literally constantly falls to the Earth, but her speed is so high that it prevents her from falling.

This is why astronauts are in a state of weightlessness. But still. Why can't gravity be created on the ISS? This would make the life of astronauts much easier. After all, they are forced to spend several hours a day on physical exercise just to stay in shape.

How to create artificial gravity?

The concept of such a spaceship has long been created in science fiction. This is a huge ring that must constantly rotate around its axis. As a result, the centrifugal force "pushes" the astronaut away from the center of rotation, and he will perceive this as gravity. But problems arise when we encounter this in practice.

First, you need to take into account the Coriolis force - the force that arises when moving in a circle. Without this, our astronaut will constantly get motion sickness, and this is not very fun. In this case, you need to speed up the rotation of the ring on the ship to 2 revolutions per second, and this is a lot, the astronaut will feel very bad. To solve this problem, it is necessary to increase the radius of the ring to 224 meters.

The ship is half a kilometer in size! We're not far from Star Wars. Instead of creating Earth's gravity, we will first create a ship with reduced gravity, in which the simulators will remain. And only then will we build ships with huge rings to maintain gravity. By the way, they are just going to build modules on the ISS to create gravity.

Today, scientists from Roscosmos and NASA are preparing to send centrifuges to the ISS, necessary to create artificial gravity there. Astronauts will no longer have to spend a lot of time on physical exercise!

Problem with gravity at high accelerations

If we want to fly to the stars, then traveling to the nearest Alpha Centauri A at 99% of the speed of light will take 4.2 years. But to accelerate to this speed, enormous acceleration will be required. This means huge overloads, approximately 1000-4000 thousand times greater than gravity. No one can withstand this, and a spaceship with a rotating ring must be simply gigantic, hundreds of kilometers away. It is possible to build this, but is it necessary?

Unfortunately, we still don't fully understand how gravity works. And we have not yet figured out how to avoid the effect of such overloads. We will explore, check, study.

Most people can only judge this from scenes from science fiction films, so they are susceptible to implausible myths.

What will actually happen to a person in outer space?

There are many theories about what will happen to a person who finds himself in outer space without a spacesuit. Most of them are based on fiction. Some believe that the body will freeze in a few moments, others say that it will be incinerated by cosmic radiation, there is even a theory about the boiling of liquid inside the human body. Let's consider the most popular myths about what will happen to a person without a spacesuit in outer space.

The body will immediately freeze

Scientists are ready to answer with certainty that this will not happen. Space is very cold, but its density is too low. At such a minimum density, the human body will not be able to transfer its heat to the environment, there is emptiness around it, and there is no one to take this heat. One of the main difficulties in the operation of the ISS is the removal of heat from the station, not protection from the space cold.

Man will be incinerated by cosmic radiation

Radiation in space reaches large values ​​and is very dangerous. Radioactive charged particles penetrate the human body, causing radiation sickness. But in order to die from this radiation, you need to receive a very large dose, and this will take a lot of time. During this time, a living creature will have time to die under the influence of other factors. In order to obtain protection from space burns, you do not need a spacesuit; ordinary clothing will cope with this task. If we assume that a person decided to go into outer space completely naked, then the consequences of this exit for him will be very bad.

The blood in human vessels will boil due to low pressure

Another theory is that low pressure causes the blood in the body to boil and burst its vessels. Indeed, there is very low pressure in space, which will help reduce the temperature at which liquids boil. However, the blood in the human body will be under its own pressure; for it to boil, its temperature must reach 46 degrees, which cannot be the case in living organisms. If a person in open space opens his mouth and sticks out his tongue, he will feel his saliva boiling, but he will not get a burn; the saliva will boil at a very low temperature.

The body will be torn apart by the pressure difference

Pressure in space is very dangerous, but it works differently. The pressure difference can double the volume of a person’s internal organs, and his body will inflate twice. But a spectacular explosion with entrails scattered in all directions will not occur, human skin is very elastic, it can withstand such pressure, and if a person is wearing tight-fitting clothes, then the volume of his body will remain unchanged.

The person will be unable to breathe

This is true, but the situation is not as many of us imagine. Pressure poses a huge danger to the human respiratory system in space. There is no oxygen in space, so the life expectancy of a person without a spacesuit will depend on how long he can hold his breath. While underwater, people hold their breath and try to float to the surface; this cannot be done in space. Holding your breath in space leads to rupture of the lungs under the influence of vacuum; in such a situation, it will be impossible to save a person. There is only one way to prolong life in outer space, you need to allow all the gases to quickly leave your body, this process can be accompanied by unpleasant consequences in the form of emptying the stomach or intestines. After the oxygen leaves the respiratory system, the person will have approximately 14 seconds for oxygenated blood to continue to feed the brain before the person will lose consciousness. However, and this does not mean inevitable death, the human body is not as fragile as it might seem at first glance; it is capable of withstanding the hostile environment of space. Scientists suggest that if a person, after a one and a half minute stay in outer space, is delivered to a safe environment for him, then he will not only remain alive, but will also be able to fully recover from such an ordeal.

To confirm this assumption, experiments were carried out on monkeys.
Studies have shown that after a three-minute stay in a vacuum, a chimpanzee returns to normal within a few hours.

During the experiment, all the symptoms that were described above were observed - an increase in body volume and loss of consciousness due to oxygen starvation. Similar experiments were carried out with dogs, dogs tolerate vacuum conditions less well, the survival limit for them was only two minutes.

The human body reacts to environmental changes differently than the animal body, so you cannot rely entirely on these experiments. It is clear that no one will specifically conduct such experiments on people, but in history there are several significant accidents with astronauts. Space technician Jim Leblanc in 1965 tested the tightness of a spacesuit intended for lunar expeditions in a special chamber. During one of the stages of the test, the pressure in the chamber was as close as possible to space pressure; the suit suddenly depressurized, and the technician in it lost consciousness within 14 seconds. Normally, it took about half an hour to restore normal earth pressure in the chamber, but due to the emergency of the situation, the process was accelerated to one and a half minutes. Jim Leblanc regained consciousness when the pressure in the chamber became the same as on Earth at an altitude of 4.5 km above sea level.

Another example is the accident on the Soyuz-11 spacecraft. When the device descended to the ground, depressurization occurred. This accident went down in the history of astronautics forever, since the cause of death of three astronauts was an accidentally opened ventilation valve with diameters of one and a half centimeters.

According to information obtained from the recording equipment, all three lost consciousness 22 seconds after complete depressurization, and death occurred after 2 minutes. The total time spent in near-vacuum conditions was 11.5 minutes. After the spacecraft landed on the ground, unfortunately, it was too late to save the astronauts.