Decree on the assignment of military ranks. The new procedure for conferring the next military rank: on some legal features

In the Armed Forces of our country, other troops, military formations and departmental bodies, servicemen are awarded deserved military ranks. These very ranks determine the status of a soldier in the existing military hierarchy, plus, they have a strong impact on the position of a citizen in society. Also, the monetary allowance of servicemen and the future retirement benefits after dismissal from service directly depend on the military rank.

In most situations, the assignment of a military rank takes place on time and in accordance with the relevant legislation. But at the same time, it also happens that separately taken servicemen, and citizens who are in the reserve, are victims of accidental mistakes or direct arbitrariness of officials who grossly violate the rules for conferring the assigned ranks.

The next ranks are awarded separately to each military man in relation to their service status, military or professional training, belonging to the branch of the military, plus taking into account their personal merits. Military ranks provide seniority in the relationship between the military.

In our army they distinguish categories of military and military ranks ... The military itself is divided into typical categories:

soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen;

warrant officers and warrant officers;

junior officer link;

senior officers;

the highest officer echelon.

Usually at the beginning of the military rank of a soldier, serving in a guards military formation, or on a guards ship, there is prefix - "guards".

To the rank of a military man or those who are in reserve, possessing a military accounting category of a legal or medical profile, are added prefix "justice" or, respectively, "medical service". The prefixes "reserve" or "retired" are added to the military rank of those who are in the reserve or retired citizens. For those who are not military, our legislation does not allow the introduction of any ranks or class ranks, by analogy with military ones.

The assignment of the next military rank takes place in the following order:

The highest officer echelon - appointed by the supreme commander-in-chief;

Up to the colonel or captain of the 1st rank, respectively - by officials in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for performing military service. The terms of the prescribed military service with the existing rank, as well as the procedure for conferring such rank, are regulated by the above Regulations.

A new military rank is awarded to a soldier on the day of the end of his military service in the current military rank, if he holds an appropriate position for which the military rank is provided for by the schedule.

A military man holding the rank of an officer and successfully completing full-time training in a departmental educational institution of higher profile education, as well as in an adjunct or departmental doctorate, the next military rank up to lieutenant colonel or captain of the 2nd rank, respectively, is awarded on the day of the end of the service in the current military rank, regardless of the position in which he was before entering such an educational institution.

Following a military rank can be awarded earlier than the due date , for significant personal merits, but not higher than the rank that is provided for by the schedule for his current official position.

A military man, whose term of service in the current rank has expired, for significant personal merits may well be awarded the next rank one category higher than that provided by the schedule for the current official position, however, but not higher than a major or captain of the 3rd rank, and those who has a degree or the academic rank holding the official position of the teaching staff in the departmental educational institution of specialized education - no higher than the rank of colonel or captain of the 1st rank.

Upon admission to military service of a person who is or has already served in the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, State Border Service, organizations of the penal system, and other law enforcement agencies and has a specialized rank, such a military rank is awarded in the manner prescribed by the said Regulation.

The military, as well as the one who is in the reserve or retired, may be exposed to stripping of the existing rank only by a court verdict for committing (involvement in such) a grave or especially grave offense.

Those who have been deprived of their military rank, in the event that they have served their prescribed punishment and have completely canceled their convictions, can be reinstated in their former rank, by decision of officials who have the right to make such decisions, in accordance with the provisions of the Regulations.

Soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen, and citizens called up for military training in the listed ranks can be downgraded or reinstated in such rank, according to the Federal Law "On the Status of Servicemen" and the Disciplinary Regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Citizens in stock, the first or next ranks can also be awarded, but, as a rule, not higher than the rank of colonel or captain of the 1st rank.

Those who are in reserve, the next rank can also be awarded if such citizens are currently assigned, or can be assigned to a military unit, to be called up to serve on mobilization for a position for which the military rank is established by the military time schedule equivalent to either higher than the military rank awarded to citizens in reserve, and the next military rank, in addition, at the end of the mandatory period of stay in the current military rank. At the same time, citizens in reserve can be awarded the next (first) title as a result of their passing military training camps and compulsory passing of the relevant exams or in a strict attestation procedure.

For those who are in the reserve, the terms of stay in the current ranks, the rights of authorized persons to award the next ranks and the procedure for awarding the next ranks are also regulated by the Regulations.

The commander (chief), in the interests of observing the existing procedure for the passage of military service by subordinates, undertakes to promptly and without delay to carry out the assignment of the next (first) military ranks by the military.

Early award of the next military rank to the military , plus the assignment of a military rank to a category higher than the military rank provided for by the schedule for a given military position, are nothing more than mandatory forms of encouragement.

When a military is awarded the military rank of warrant officer, midshipman, primary officer rank, as well as the first rank of a senior officer or senior officer, a new service card is drawn up for him, in which the disciplinary penalties previously applied to the military are not introduced, but only incentives are made, with the exception of incentives for withdrawal previously applied penalty. The old service card must be destroyed.

In order to know exactly how, according to the charter, it is necessary to contact a serviceman, it is necessary to understand the ranks. Ranks in the Russian army and shoulder straps provide clarity in relationships and allow you to understand the chain of command. In the Russian Federation, there is both a horizontal structure - military and naval ranks, and a vertical hierarchy - from the rank and file to the highest officer.

Rank and file

Private- This is the lowest military rank of the Russian army. Moreover, the soldiers received this title in 1946, before that they were addressed exclusively as soldiers, or as Red Army men.

If the service is carried out in a guards military unit or on a guards ship, then when referring to a private, it is worth adding the same word "Guards"... If you want to apply to a soldier who is in reserve and has a diploma of higher legal or medical education, then you should contact - "Ordinary justice" or "Private medical service"... Accordingly, it is worth adding the appropriate words to the one who is in the reserve or retired.

In the ship composition, the rank of private corresponds sailor.

Only the senior soldiers who perform best in the military are promoted to Corporal... Such soldiers can act as commanders during the absence of the latter.

All additional words that were applicable to the private remain relevant to the corporal. Only in the Navy, this rank corresponds Senior sailor.

The one who commands a squad, or a combat vehicle, receives the title Lance Sergeant... In some cases, this rank is awarded to the most disciplined corporal upon transfer to the reserve, if during the service such a staff unit was not provided. In the ship composition it is "Foreman of the second article"

Since November 1940, the rank for junior command personnel has appeared in the Soviet army - sergeant... It is awarded to cadets who have successfully completed the training program for sergeants and graduated with honors.
A private can also receive the title - Lance Sergeant, which proved to be worthy to be awarded the next rank, or upon transfer to the reserve.

In the Navy, the sergeant of the ground forces corresponds to the rank foreman.

Next comes the Senior Sergeant, and in the Navy - chief petty officer.

After this rank, there are some intersections of land and sea forces. Because after the senior sergeant, in the ranks of the Russian army appears Sergeant Major... This title came into use in 1935. It is deserved only by the best military personnel who have served excellently in sergeant positions for six months, or upon transfer to the reserve, the rank of sergeant is assigned to senior sergeants, certified excellently. On the ship it is - chief petty officer.

Followed by warrant officers and warrant officers... This is a special category of military personnel, close to junior officers. Rounding out the rank and file senior warrant officer and midshipman.

Junior officers

A number of ranks of junior officers in the Russian army begin with the rank Ensign... This title is awarded to undergraduates and graduates of higher military educational institutions. However, in the event of a shortage of officers, a graduate of a civilian university can also receive the rank of junior lieutenant.

Lieutenant can only become a junior lieutenant who has served a certain amount of time and received a positive education certificate. Further - senior lieutenant.

And he closes the group of junior officers - Captain... This title sounds the same for both land and naval forces.

By the way, the new field uniform from Yudashkin obliged our servicemen to duplicate the insignia on the chest. There is an opinion that the "underdogs" from the leadership do not see the ranks of our officers on their shoulders and this is done for their convenience.

Senior officers

Senior officers start with a rank Major... In the navy, this rank corresponds to Rank 3 captain... The following naval ranks will only increase the rank of the captain, that is, the rank of land Lieutenant colonel will match Rank 2 captain, and the title Colonel – Captain Rank 1.

Senior officers

And the top officer corps completes the hierarchy of military ranks in the Russian army.

Major general or Rear admiral(in the navy) - this is the proud title of servicemen who command a division - up to 10 thousand people.

Above the Major General is Lieutenant general... (The Lieutenant General is higher than the Major General because the Lieutenant General has two stars on his shoulder straps and the Major General has one).

Initially in the Soviet army, it was more likely not a rank, but a position, for the Lieutenant General was an assistant to the general and took on some of his functions, in contrast to Colonel General, who can personally fill senior positions, both in the General Staff and in the Ministry of Defense. In addition, in the Russian armed forces, the Colonel General can be the deputy commander of the military district.

And, finally, the most important serviceman with the highest military rank in the Russian army is Army General... All previous links are obliged to obey him.

About military ranks in video format:

Well, salaga, now figured it out?)

Ranks in the Russian army is a topic that I was able to understand only thanks to my service in the army. I remember how in OBZh lessons the teacher forced all the guys to learn them by heart, but even after a long cramming, only empty sounds were deposited in my head.

Now I have the opportunity to compare these words with real people whom I meet around. Thanks to this, I managed to structure this knowledge very simply and intelligibly so that each of you, dear readers, could easily and for a long time remember what the soldiers sometimes spend a whole week on ...

What are the ranks in the Russian army

As you already understood, before joining the army, I almost did not understand military ranks in any way. I only knew the basics. The service forced me to learn them by heart, so that I could easily determine who I am turning to, or, conversely, who is turning to me.

As always in articles like this, I want to start by defining a basic concept. Let's figure out what ranks are in the Russian army.

In our country, there are two types of military ranks - military and ship.

Naval military ranks are assigned to sailors:

surface and submarine forces of the Navy;
naval military units of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia;
Coast Guard of the Border Guard Service of the FSB of Russia.

Military ranks are assigned to other military personnel performing military service in:

Russian Emergency Situations Ministry;
Federal Security Service;
Foreign Intelligence Service;
Federal Guard Service;
Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation;
other troops, military formations and bodies.

Fine. We figured out the concepts. Now let's go ascending. From a lesser rank to a higher one. What is their hierarchy?

Unofficial ranks in the army

Private ~ Sailor.
Lance corporal ~ Senior sailor.
Junior Sergeant ~ Sergeant Major of the second class.
Sergeant ~ Sergeant Major of the first article.
Senior Sergeant ~ Chief Petty Officer.
Petty Officer ~ Chief Petty Officer of the Ship.
Warrant Officer ~ Warrant Officer.
Senior Warrant Officer ~ Senior Warrant Officer.

What did everyone think? What are all the ranks in our army? No, my friends. The most interesting thing is ahead - the officers. It is divided into several parts:

Junior officers.
Senior officers.
Senior officers.

Officer ranks in the army

Military rank ~ Ship rank.

Junior Lieutenant ~ Junior Lieutenant.
Lieutenant ~ Lieutenant.
Senior Lieutenant ~ Senior Lieutenant.
Captain ~ Lieutenant Commander.

This was the junior officer corps. Now let's move on to the elder one.

Major ~ Rank 3 Captain.
Lieutenant Colonel ~ 2nd Rank Captain.
Colonel ~ 1st Rank Captain.

And, finally, the senior officers.

Major General ~ Rear Admiral.
Lieutenant General ~ Vice Admiral.
Colonel General ~ Admiral.
General of the Army ~ Admiral of the Fleet.
Marshal of the Russian Federation ~ There are no analogues.

As you can see, the number of naval ranks is exactly one less than the number of military ranks. But what!

OK then. We figured out the titles and their order. How can we now distinguish them among themselves? And for this, dear readers, people have come up with epaulettes and sleeve insignia (the latter are only for naval ranks).

We will analyze them now. First - in words, then - graphically.

Shoulder straps

Soldiers and sailors

They do not have any insignia on the shoulder straps.

Sergeants and petty officers

They have insignia in the form of cloth galloons - stripes. In the army, these stripes are called "snot".

Warrant officers and warrant officers

They have insignia in the form of small stars located vertically. Shoulder straps are similar to the officer's, but without gaps and may have edging (for more details, see the pictures below).

Junior officers

One vertically located strip is a lumen. Small metal stars (13 mm).

Senior officers

Two gaps and large metal stars (20 mm).

Senior officers

Large vertical embroidered stars (22 mm), no gaps.

General of the Army, Admiral of the Fleet

One large embroidered star 40 mm in diameter.

Marshal of the Russian Federation

It has one very large embroidered star (40 mm) against the background of radially diverging silver rays, forming a pentagon, and the coat of arms of Russia (without the heraldic shield).

For those who find it difficult to perceive the text and just to consolidate the information received, I suggest taking a look at the pictures corresponding to the above.

Unofficial shoulder straps

Officer's shoulder straps

Russian army command

The next point in our analysis is faces. Those people who lead our army.

First of all, of course, I would like to name the Supreme Commander-in-Chief - the President of the Russian Federation.

Supreme Commander-in-Chief - President of the Russian Federation

The Supreme Commander-in-Chief is not a title, but a position. The only position that allows you to lead the Marshal of the Russian Federation.
An interesting fact is that Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin finished his service in the FSB with the rank of colonel, and his current position allows him to lead representatives of the highest officer ranks.

Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation

Please note that Sergei Kuzhugetovich bears the rank and shoulder straps of an army general.

The Minister of Defense combines the commander of both the ground forces and the Navy. That is why there is no rank higher than admiral of the fleet in the navy.

By the way. How many of you, friends, noticed that I began to write such high ranks as admiral and marshal with small letters? Think this is a mistake? I have to disappoint you. No! Why? Read the next part of the article.

Interesting facts about ranks in the army

The prefix "guard" (for example, "guard major") is applied to the military ranks of the military personnel of the guards units.
With regard to military personnel of legal and medical services, the words "justice", "medical service" are added, respectively.
For military personnel in reserve or retired, the words “reserve” and “retired” are added, respectively.
Servicemen studying in a military educational institution of vocational education are called: officers who do not have a military rank - cadets, and those who have a military rank - listeners.
Citizens who did not have a military rank before entering a military educational institution or who had the military rank of a sailor or soldier, upon admission to study, are assigned the military rank of cadet. Other military ranks assigned before entering the military educational institution of vocational education are retained.
Military ranks are given upon the expiration of the required length of service and for personal merits. If everything is clear with merit, then let's figure out how much time you need to serve in order to reach the desired rank. In accordance with paragraph 2 of Art. 22 "Provisions on the procedure for passing military service" for military service in military ranks, the following terms are established:
- private, sailor - five months;
- junior sergeant, sergeant major of the 2nd class - one year;
- Sergeant, sergeant major of the 1st class - two years;
- Senior Sergeant, Chief Petty Officer - three years;
- ensign, midshipman - three years;
- junior lieutenant - two years;
- lieutenant - three years;
- senior lieutenant - three years;
- Captain, Lieutenant Commander - four years;
- Major, Captain 3rd Rank - four years;
- Lieutenant Colonel, Captain 2nd Rank - five years.
Further - for 5 years.

An important point. The title can only be obtained if there is a suitable position in the unit. About positions and what ranks you can reach in this or that position, in the next article.

The titles of sergeant major and chief ship sergeant have not been awarded since 2012. They still exist in the documents.
All military ranks - from private to marshal of the Russian Federation - are written with a small letter.
The rank of major is higher than the rank of lieutenant, but a major general< генерал-лейтенант.
The highest rank that can be obtained in a year of military service is now sergeant.

Dear Readers. I hope that while reading this short but very important article, you have formed an understanding of what ranks are in our army, and in what order they are located.

Military ranks

1. Article 46 of the Federal Law establishes the following composition of military personnel and military ranks:

The composition of the military	Military ranks
The composition of the military	military	ship
Soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen	corporal Lance Sergeant staff Sergeant foreman	senior sailor foreman 2 articles foreman 1 article chief petty officer chief petty officer
Warrant officers and warrant officers	ensign Senior Warrant Officer	senior warrant officer

junior officers	Ensign lieutenant senior lieutenant	Ensign lieutenant senior lieutenant lieutenant captain
senior officers	lieutenant colonel colonel	rank 3 captain rank 2 captain 1st rank captain
senior officers	major general lieutenant general colonel general army General	rear admiral vice admiral admiral of the fleet
	Marshal of the Russian Federation

2. Before the military rank of a soldier who is doing military service in a guards military unit, on a guards ship, the word "guard" is added.

The words "justice" or "medical service" are added to the military rank of a soldier or citizen in reserve, having a military registration specialty of a legal or medical profile.

The words "reserve" or "retired" are added to the military rank of a citizen in reserve or in retirement, respectively.

3. The seniority of military ranks and composition of military personnel is determined by the sequence of their listing in Article 46 of the Federal Law: from the military rank "private" ("sailor") to a higher one and from the composition of "soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen" to a higher one.

Corresponding military and naval military ranks are considered equal.

4. Military ranks are assigned to servicemen personally.

Military rank can be first or next.

5. The form and content of submissions, forms of other documents and orders for the conferment of military ranks, as well as the procedure for their registration and submission (with the exception of senior officers) are established by the head of the federal executive body or federal state body in which military service is envisaged.