Alternative to regular school: what to choose? Alternative to school: homeschooling, external training, online training. Alternative education systems Alternative to school education

About what it takes to transfer your child to a family form of education

Remember the famous phrase of the character in the book of Mark Twain "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" by Huckleberry Finn: "I will not allow going to school to interfere with my education"? It can be said to illustrate the position of those parents who decided to educate their children in the form of family education. There are more and more such parents every year, including in Tatarstan, where family education is becoming fashionable. Realnoe Vremya decided to study this phenomenon. In the first article, we will consider what family education is, according to Russian law, and how much it costs parents.

What is family education?

D Home learning is the oldest form of education. It existed long before the appearance of the school in the form in which we know it. For centuries, homeschooling has been the only way to get an education. Wealthy families hired teachers, tutors, who introduced children to various sciences, and poor families coped with their own strength: parents passed on to children the skills of housekeeping, a craft that they themselves owned. Moreover, the role of a home teacher was not limited only to the transmission of information, they were also mentors, bringing up their wards. For example, in Ancient Greece, a teacher discussed with students (and only with young men) questions of morality, philosophy, and religion.

In Russia, before the reign of Peter, literacy was studied from church books, and only Russian teachers could give education. Peter the Great strengthened the position of secular culture in the state, and over the course of several centuries, admiration for the Western way of life among the highest circles brought into fashion the German and French tutors.

After e revolution, the situation changed dramatically. In accordance with part 4 of article 43 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, basic general education is compulsory. And parents or persons replacing them should provide it to children. At the same time, the law provides for various forms of education, taking into account the needs and capabilities of the individual - both within the walls of the school and outside it. Outside of school, education and training is provided only in two forms: in the family form and in the form of self-education.

It should be immediately clear that in our article we are not talking about the form of home education when it comes to children in need of long-term treatment, children with disabilities who cannot attend school for health reasons. In this case, the school, with the consent of the parents, undertakes the organization of the educational process at home: it provides free textbooks, reference books, develops an individual curriculum, provides teachers, conducts student certification. Parents, on the other hand, only create conditions for homeschooling.

In Russia, for several centuries, admiration for the Western way of life among the highest circles brought into fashion German and French tutors. Reproduction of lithograph from the site cheloveche.ru

In the case of family education, the parents take full responsibility for the education of the child. As Realnoe Vremya was informed in the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Tatarstan, the main points regulating education in the family form of education are spelled out in the letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated November 15, 2013 No. NT-1139/08 and in the current legislation in the field of education. The letter says that when choosing a family form of education, parents (legal representatives) are obliged to take full responsibility for organizing the child's educational process so that he can master knowledge, skills, skills, gain experience, develop his abilities, learn to apply knowledge in everyday life. life, and was also motivated to receive education throughout his life. Parents must make sure that the child receives a volume of knowledge that is not lower than the norm established by the federal standard (FSES).

What needs to be done to switch to family education?

You can switch to family education at any time - from 1st to 11th grade. At the same time, by the decision of the parents and taking into account the opinion of the child, it is possible at any stage of education to change the form of receiving education - for example, to return to school.

If you decide to transfer your child to family education, then you need to submit an appropriate application to the local government of the municipal district or city district in which you live. You can choose the school where the child will pass the midterm or state final certification, or ask to be assigned to some place. At the request of the parents, such an educational organization can be determined for the entire period of receiving general education, for the period of passing a specific certification or for a period of one academic year. If your child is already attending school, then you can contact the principal with an application for the transition to family education.

At the same time, you can organize the education of your child in full-time and part-time or completely part-time, that is, you can agree with the school that you will attend some lessons at your own discretion.

Family-schooled children can complete intermediate and state final certification at the chosen school for free. The educational organization must independently develop and approve the certification procedure, and this regulation must be posted in the public domain, on the school's website. And the procedure for passing the certification should take into account the opinion of the parents, based on the pace and sequence of the study of the educational material by the child.

Parents and students do not have the right to demand from the school when and in what form it will carry out certification, but you can choose the school, the terms and form of certification in which you are satisfied. However, it is important to note that passing the midterm assessment for a child who receives education in the form of family education is his right, not an obligation. That is, he is not obliged to undergo intermediate certification up to the 9th grade, when it is possible to pass the final certification and receive a certificate of basic general and secondary general education.

The school should provide textbooks and teaching aids to children receiving family education. Photo bibliokniga115.blogspot.ru

The school where you take your final assessment is not responsible for the quality of education. She is only responsible for organizing and conducting intermediate and final certification, as well as ensuring the appropriate academic rights of the student.

Children in family education have all academic rights. They, along with other students, have the right to develop their creative abilities and interests, including participation in competitions, olympiads, including the All-Russian Olympiad for schoolchildren, exhibitions, parades, including in official sports competitions, and other public events. In addition, children in family education can count on receiving social, pedagogical and psychological assistance, free psychological, medical and pedagogical correction.

The school should provide textbooks and teaching aids to children receiving family education. If a child experiences difficulties in mastering a general education program, local authorities should provide him with psychological, pedagogical, medical and social assistance.

Figures: Tatarstan

Children who receive family education are not kept by schools, but by local governments of municipal districts and urban districts. “Due to the fact that the number of such children is constantly changing, statistics on children who receive general education in the family form are kept only at the level of educational authorities of municipal districts and urban districts,” said Alsu Mukhametova, head of the press service of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Tatarstan. However, she noted two main trends. First, the number of children receiving general education in the family form is constantly growing in Tatarstan. Secondly, the maximum number of such children is observed in large cities, namely in Kazan and Naberezhnye Chelny. So, in Chelny, 23 children study in family education, in Kazan - 148. At the same time, she notes, the reasons determining the choice of this form of mastering the educational program are very diverse.

The Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Tatarstan did not tell us about the progress of such students, but they noticed that “not all parents (legal representatives) can provide high quality education when receiving it in a family form”.

The number of children receiving general education in the family form is constantly growing in Tatarstan. Photo aktanysh.tatarstan.ru

"You can't do without the help of tutors at home education"

Natalya Resnyanskaya, PhD in Pedagogy, Director of the Egoza Psychological and Pedagogical Center for Early Childhood Development, a private educational institution, noted that most often parents decide to transfer a child to family education when they understand that teaching methods in a mass school today do not allow a child get an education of the required level. We will not dwell in detail on those shortcomings of modern general education schools, which are noted by parents. In short, this is the low professionalism of teachers, a compulsory homework system, a depressing grading system, not always a friendly atmosphere among classmates, where children adopt bad habits from each other, etc. “In the case of home education, a child is deprived of the stress-forming factor of the school, the lesson assessment system. And plus he gets an individual approach, which, unfortunately, the school now only manages to position, and not implement in any way, ”Resnyanskaya told Realnoe Vremya.

As a rule, at the elementary school level, the parents themselves take care of the children. Most often, this is done by a mother who does not work anywhere and can devote time to children.

“Only a few parents have a broad outlook. At the initial stage, they cope, but then physics, chemistry go, and the parent is not always an expert in this area. Therefore, one cannot do without the help of tutors in home education. I know cases when two or three families unite and take a tutor together - for example, in physics, ”says Resnyanskaya.

Thus, the resources that parents should have when transferring their children to family education are not limited only by time.

“An hour of a tutor costs from 500 to 1,000 rubles. In the early years, you can hire one teacher in mathematics, reading and Russian - this will cost 15 thousand per month. If you take the senior classes, you need at least 20 thousand rubles to get a home education. But this is only taking into account the fact that the parent takes over part of the program - that is, history, social studies and other humanitarian disciplines. The Internet is to help parents, and if a parent has critical thinking, he will be able to give the child information so that he can pass the exams, ”says Resnyanskaya.

However, full-time education in a general education school is not cheap either. According to the parents, if we count all the costs for repairs, security, additional needs, food, as well as for the same tutors that most of the children even attending school resort to, the amount is about the same.

Children need not only to gain knowledge, but also to socialize in the children's team, says Guzel Udachina. Photo by Roman Khasaev

"I would not choose this form of education for my children."

In an interview with Realnoe Vremya, the Ombudsman for the Rights of the Child in the Republic of Tatarstan Guzel Udachina noted that the family form of education is provided for today by federal legislation because it leaves the parent's right to decide for himself what is good and what is bad for their children - the state provides parents with different opportunities and methods: “Today we stand on the position of the presumption of conscientiousness in the performance of parental duties by parents, that a parent cannot a priori act contrary to the interests of his child, that he knows better how to organize his education better”.

“However, I do not support this practice, although it is perfectly legal. For my children, I would not choose this form of education, - says Udachina. - Parents need to think about the fact that children need not only to gain knowledge, but also to socialize in the children's team. After all, then they will have to live in society and build relationships with the guys, you need to be able to be friends. From the point of view of the child's interests, it is better to organize his normal full-time education on a common basis. I am opposed, first of all, because socialization, immersion in society, communication with peers is disturbed. "

Supporters of family education notice that the issue of socialization is solved by the fact that children, in their free time from school, study in studios, circles, sections. “He doesn't end up in a domestic vicious circle. He has a wide social circle. As a rule, such parents travel a lot, and the child not only learns about the world around him from textbooks, but on the contrary, they give him the opportunity to see the world with his own eyes, touch, see. I know several of these families. And from the point of view of the full value of life, such children are not deprived of anything. Because the quality of the knowledge gained does not depend on the amount of time spent at school, ”says Resnyanskaya. In her opinion, even 20 years ago it was possible to argue and say that “the school gives something different, which cannot be given by family education”: “But now the school, unfortunately, has lost the educational function that it used to have. If I had free time, I would certainly take my children to family education. Now my children are studying in a private school. And although there are small classes, the crisis of the teaching staff is evident today. "

However, supporters of family education agree that it is not for everyone. And it's not just about financial costs. Not all parents are able to organize the education of their children themselves, moreover, most parents regard the school as a “locker”, where they “hand over” the child for a certain period and where they come only if he did something bad. “Thinking parents come to family education, who are interested not only in education, but in general in the mental and emotional health of the child. They are interested in education in its original sense - so that the child retains the desire to learn about the world, learn and develop throughout his life. And I can say by the example of my acquaintances: their children easily pass exams, they have a fairly broad outlook, and they easily cope with the curriculum, ”Resnyanskaya believes.

“This is a normal form. This is when parents are not satisfied with schools in general or with their own specifically and begin to teach the child themselves. This is especially good for young children. I know a family with seven children, and the parents themselves educate their children at the elementary school level. And later the children come to our school as normal - cheerful, happy, not overcrowded by a regular school. Family education is a flexible form that allows parents to participate in the education of their child if they do not agree in any way with the concept of the particular school that is located near the house, or with the teachers. You know, we have a lot of problems in our schools - teachers' salaries are low, the competition is small, far from all good students of pedagogical institutes will go to school, "a Russian and Finnish teacher, founder and director of the Specialized Olympiad Scientific School told Realnoe Vremya. center "(SolNTse) Pavel Shmakov.

Family education is a flexible form that allows parents to participate in the education of their child, says Pavel Shmakov. Photo shraibikus.com

Shmakov noted that the form of family education exists in many countries of the world: “Just a few years ago, there was no such form in Germany. At one of the international conferences, German teachers came with an appeal to help so that this would appear in their country. Because they still have Hitler's law on education. It is normal, but does not allow children to stay at home - children were obliged to go to school. " The teacher says that while in our country officials are wary of the family form of education: “If a child studies at home, then the school has another type of accountability. And in our country it is already quite tight with papers, teachers are inundated with various forms of reports. And there is such a sad joke among teachers: school is the place where children prevent the teacher from filling out reports. "

“Family education is a progressive form of education. Of course, it would be better if the schools were good and diverse, then the need for such a form would disappear. But, since not all of our schools are good, the need for such a form is growing today, ”sums up Shmakov.

For more details about the motivation of parents who transfer their children to a family form of education, as well as about the experience of families, including those from Kazan, see the following materials of Realnoe Vremya devoted to this topic.

Natalia Fedorova

On one of the school buildings there is a sign “real life starts at school”. Sounds assertive. However, I would like to disagree, referring to home education as an alternative to the general education school. So which is actually better: private tuition or regular school?

Home education in Russia as an alternative to school

In our country, the cult of school education. Teachers say: "School is your home!" They say that in order to achieve a lot in life, you need to study well. And be sure to attend a regular school.

It is no secret that the quality of school education today leaves much to be desired. The main reason is the change of teaching staff, the low level of qualifications of young teachers. And the attitude of many teachers to their official duties leaves much to be desired.

In a modern school, only a template is given, only theoretical knowledge, but a child does not receive enough practical skills for survival in the modern world. The only practical experience is the skill of communication in a team and the habit of being in constant nervous tension.

Many parents understand this too. They want to give their children maximum experience and important knowledge. And, if family wealth allows, they think about home education.

In European countries, a completely different approach to learning. For example, in Germany, the priority is given to the development of the child's abilities, the trial of professions and the correct career guidance, although the training itself cannot be called in-depth. Students are taught to think, reason, express your opinion, draw conclusions. Much attention is paid to the state of health of children, their physical development and interests.

Private education in Russia, consisting mainly of

from a large number of circles and sections, it can become an analogue of European education and make a priority on the development of the child. A private school in Russia has a different mission, different from an ordinary school, which forms a full-fledged, self-confident personality.

Features of private preschool education in Russia

But about home and less optimism. They are opened with the aim of making a profit, so all costs are optimized to the minimum, the staff is paid a penny salary. You should not expect special treatment for your child in a private kindergarten. If it's not a very expensive private kindergarten. But state kindergartens today receive good funding and are equipped with everything you need. In addition, parents regularly donate money for toys and stationery.

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The school year has just begun, and the child is already tired of school? This does not mean at all that he does not want to study. Perhaps he just needs to learn in some other way.

The overwhelming majority of children can study in any system, but there are many complaints about the general education school, and not only in our country. It's not for nothing that a video has scored millions of views on the Ted.com channel, in which Ken Robinson, a British education expert, charismatically talks about how schools kill creativity in children. You can try to organize a different life for your child. But each alternative education system has both pros and cons to consider. Teachers and graduates of "special schools" talk about this.

Boarding for the smart

Yakov Litvin, graduate of the "Intellectual" school, postgraduate student at MIPT:

Differences from secondary school . There is a white crow on the school's emblem: there are a lot of such students here, and it is not at all shameful to be “not like everyone else”. Many people live here all working week, and the school has its own special atmosphere: hiking, excursions, theatrical performances ... Basically, everyone learns a lot and with taste. Students choose themselves which subjects to study at the basic level, which at the advanced level. There are many circles and special courses (I personally went to Latin and geology). Each student in grades 8 and 10 must present their own project at the end of the year, usually a small research paper. It is not forbidden to defend your opinion and discuss with teachers. If in an ordinary school a very smart child often has no one to talk to, then they will listen to you, and answer questions, and there are a lot of smart ones with whom you can talk.

Who is this format suitable for? . Those who want and are ready to learn a lot and with taste. It will be difficult and boring for someone who does not want to study.

After graduation . It’s very unpleasant to graduate from the “I”: it’s good inside, in the big world it’s not so comfortable, not so meaningful. On average, intellectuals are probably less adapted to society at the time they enter college.

Expert opinion . Such a program creates all the conditions for the development of the intellectual and research abilities of children. However, the development of emotional and communication skills can be delayed. In addition, an excessive emphasis on intellectual achievements can create problems in the future, associated with the assessment of oneself and others.

Home schooling

Galina Misyutina, Director of the Center for Intensive Technologies of Education:

Modern homeschooling does not mean that tutors come home all the time. There are a lot of distance courses (individual and group), electronic textbooks, workbooks and magazines. Most exams can also be taken from the comfort of your home: you only need a computer and Internet access.

Differences from secondary school . Homeschooling is consistently associated with the image of a child who was locked in an apartment by his parents and taught him everything. In fact, this is a creative, interesting project. We have no confrontation with ordinary schools. And parents don't become teachers either. The main thing is that they participate in training, set tasks and find solutions. The main advantage of home schooling is flexibility and taking into account the characteristics of a particular child. Children live healthy, active lives and are freed from the negativity that is now in schools.

Who is this format suitable for? . Children and parents who know what they want. Not suitable for parents who need school as a "locker" for their child and who are not ready to invest time and energy in their education.

After graduation . Domestic children are more active, sociable, since they do not have to sit in class for many hours and be silent. They know how to conduct a dialogue, defend their opinion, it is not easy to force them to do something without the necessary argumentation. In a sense, they are inconvenient to manipulate.

Expert opinion . Homeschooling provides the maximum opportunity to "tailor" the learning process to the child's abilities and interests. True, there is a great risk that instead of the interests of the child (not yet fully formed), everyone will determine the interests and aspirations of the parents. Thus, Own activity may be stifled in the bud (overprotection), which will lead to a delay in personal development. With this type of training, there is also a high probability of upbringing as a type of neglect (hypo-care). It is better to mediate the direct parental influence on the child through another reliable person - a professional educator, tutor, etc.

Montessori schools

Igor Chukhontsev, teacher of the research and educational complex "Academy of Development", Lyubov Chukhontseva, director of the scientific and educational complex "Academy of Development":

The Montessori methodology is based on the teacher's individual approach to each child. The student himself chooses the didactic material and the duration of the lessons and develops in his own rhythm and direction. The parent and teacher help him grow the way he wants to, and do not impose their point of view. The system was developed in the first half of the twentieth century by the doctor and teacher Maria Montessori.

Differences from secondary school . All Montessori schools are very different, there is no single methodology that determines how and what to teach children. But each has the prerequisites for the active development of the individual. Children, for example, are engaged in different age groups, this helps them to try themselves in different social roles. Each child takes responsibility for his actions, which accelerates the development of will. The teaching material (necessarily visual!) Is always freely available. The student can take the initiative, plan their work on their own and complete it at their own pace. But until the work is done in full, until all the mistakes are worked out, it will not be accepted. By the way, there is a special attitude to errors here. They always take them as a good excuse to learn more about something. Children grow up freer and not too dependent on the opinions of others.

Who is this format suitable for? . Any child can study in almost any school. The question is what a parent is looking for for his child, and whether he is ready to accept that his child is a different person with the right to make mistakes and his own opinion.

After graduation . Most Montessori schools in Russia have only elementary grades. But if the child has learned to communicate, then he will be able to establish relationships in another place. If you studied and made efforts, then there are no further problems: education in Montessori schools is ahead of schedule.

Expert opinion : T It is impossible to demand "will and responsibility" from a child at once. This initially comes from the teacher, and they are very different (and schools, respectively, too). Thus, the teacher's charisma plays a decisive role in the success of learning. An excellent teacher forms students in his own image and likeness, if he is not, then …

Waldorf School

Ksenia Tsvetkova, a graduate of one of the Waldorf schools, a graduate student of the Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology:

Differences from secondary school. Waldorf pedagogy is an individual approach to each child, learning at its own pace, rejection of learning for the sake of grades, teaching languages ​​from the first to second grade by immersion in the language environment with practice in Germany in high school, all-round development: serious painting and graphics, music , high-quality theatrical performances. Self-expression is encouraged, including through appearance. The Waldorf student is most often seen in the crowd. The design of the Waldorf premises deserves special words. School buildings are built according to the principles of organic architecture, the interior design includes a lot of natural materials and perfectly matching shades of pastel colors. All this I seriously lacked in the district school, where I had to study for some time. In Waldorf schools, the class teacher must teach most of the subjects in his class until at least the 6th, and preferably until the 8th year of study. This gives him practically unlimited sole power over the children's collective with all possible consequences.

Waldorf pedagogy is based on the teachings of Rudolf Steiner - anthroposophy. In Waldorf schools, in principle, there is no specialization, and training takes place without setting marks and textbooks. The educational material is presented in large study periods, "epochs" lasting 3-4 weeks. The first school based on these principles opened in 1919.

Who is this format suitable for? . Children are brought to Waldorf schools by people who “care”. They are ready to go against traditions in education and misunderstanding of society. Every year the gap between Waldorf and the outside world is slightly increasing, but this is perceived in a positive way, as a sign of distinction, evidence of a conscious approach to life.

After graduation. My life experience is, on the whole, richer than that of the average student in a district school. I went to language practice and as a child I experienced European life. I can play wool, play the flute, paint with watercolors on wet and using the “glaze” technique, milk a cow, forge on copper, I feel comfortable in the role of a hiker. All this thanks to the school.

Waldorf pedagogy is a collection of ideas that do not always agree with the current state of science, especially when we are talking about biology and chemistry. Therefore, the majority of graduates enter universities for humanitarian and creative specialties.

Expert opinion. The gap between Waldorf and the outside world is not inspiring. And, of course, you need to understand that when choosing such a school, you initially choose a very peculiar version of a religious and mystical worldview for your child.

For several generations in our country, school has been an integral part of the life of children and adolescents. It was there that they received knowledge, made new acquaintances, learned to emerge victorious from conflict situations. Alas, today it is not at all what it was 20-30 years ago. This forces an increasing number of parents to seriously think about looking for an alternative to school. Let's take this all-important issue more seriously.

Pros of a regular school

Before considering alternative education, let's look at the pros of a simple school, where the vast majority of children and adolescents study.

The most important of these is simplicity. In this case, parents have to take part in the educational process to a minimum. The child is brought to school in the morning and picked up at lunchtime, and over time he will be able to go to school and back on his own. Parents only have to attend parent-teacher meetings a few times a year. True, if the child is not distinguished by obedience and diligence, then it may also be necessary to attend school sometimes to deal with difficult situations.

At the same time, the majority of children get their secondary education certificates relatively easily. Let not all become excellent students, but even with triplets today you can enter universities, build a successful career. Therefore, the child usually does not have to strain once again.

Finally, and importantly, the student habitually undergoes socialization, becoming part of a more or less well-coordinated team. He gets used to living according to a long-established template. Finishes school first. Then he enters a university - usually a paid department. Then he finds a job (most often not in the profession received) and works until retirement. The scheme is simple, verified and almost never glitches.

Why do parents refuse schools?

But, despite the simplicity and reliability of a regular school, the number of parents who are seriously thinking about finding an alternative to school education is growing rapidly. Why is that? There are several reasons for this.

First of all, it should be recognized that it is not at all aimed at giving children an education. Take, for example, education in the difficult nineties, not to mention the earlier 30s of the last century. At this time, teachers, often not receiving a salary for months, tried to give students maximum information, to convey to them certain rules, theorems, laws of science. What is going on in schools now? Alas, we are rapidly moving along the same path that many European countries followed half a century ago. Now any training is called to be recognized as a form of violence against a person. After all, a child, of course, is much more interested in playing than learning the rules of the Russian language or theorems in geometry. However, while playing, the student will not be able to develop the brain, and this is necessary for successfully finding a place in life. Therefore, it makes sense to put pressure on him today, to force him to step over "I want - I do not want" in order to ensure a better life tomorrow.

Unfortunately, modern education takes a different point of view. As a result, the school no longer teaches, but entertains. And, to be honest, he steals from a child more than ten years of life, almost without giving new and useful knowledge, not to mention instilling valuable skills.

It is also worth noting that there are 25-30 students in a regular class. And the lesson lasts 45 minutes. Thus, having explained the topic, even a very good teacher who feels that teaching is his vocation, and who tries to give himself as much as possible to his students, can give each of them no more than 1 minute per lesson. Therefore, for six lessons a day, a student can count on 6 minutes of attention from the teacher. And this is if the teacher really works with full dedication. Not that much, is it?

What forms of education does the legislation provide?

Now let's look at what forms of homeschooling are provided by the law on education.

First of all, this is an ordinary education at home. The student receives the necessary knowledge from textbooks, independently, with the help of parents or invited tutors. However, he will still have to attend school several times a year in order to pass exams according to the current program. Yes, he still remains attached to the school, although he is free from the need to go there five days a week. Having received the appropriate marks in the exams, the student will receive a report card at the end of the year, and after grades 9 and 11 - the corresponding documents.

Also, some parents should consider homeschooling. But it is not suitable for everyone, but only for sick children who, with all their desire, cannot attend a regular school.

Homeschooling

Let's take a look at the most common alternative to school, homeschooling. There are serious pros and cons here. Let's start with the bad news.

First of all, a large additional burden falls on the parents - they will have to spend a lot of time or money. If you are educated enough, you can easily give the entire school course to your child on your own. But be prepared for the fact that you will have to spend an hour, two, or even three a day with your child, helping him to comprehend science. Not every parent can afford such a luxury - there is always a lack of time due to work and the way back and forth. In addition, not every adult remembers the school curriculum well enough to help a child deal with it.

Another disadvantage is the lack of communication. At school, the child willy-nilly spends several hours a day among his peers. Here he learns to make friends, get accustomed to a team, somewhere to make concessions, and somewhere to become a leader dictating his conditions to those around him. If the child instead spends the same hours at home, he is deprived of this opportunity.

There is often bias on the part of teachers. A homeschooled child is generally a kind of challenge on the part of the parents. They seem to say that they do not trust the professionalism of teachers. As a result, some of the teachers take it out on the child, deliberately underestimating grades wherever there is such an opportunity, when passing exams.

Now let's move on to the pluses. The main one is the ability to adapt to a specific student. For example, math is easy for one child, but it takes a lot of time to learn a dozen words in English. Accordingly, you can save time on the first in order to give it to the second. In an ordinary school, this is impossible - the teacher is forced to follow the curriculum.

There is no need to waste time commuting to school and back - in some cases more than an hour a day is saved.

There is always an opportunity to keep pace with the child. He can master one topic in mathematics in a matter of minutes, while another will cause problems. And there is no curriculum here that would force him to spend several hours on the first, glimpse of the second. This is really very important. It is foolish to drop a topic and move on to the next one if the child has not mastered it. But it is even worse to force the child to spend extra time studying a topic that he has already understood and mastered - this will kill his interest in education and gaining knowledge. And perhaps this is the worst thing a teacher can do for a student.

With such an education, some objects can be deleted altogether. For example, why should a student spend three hours a week on physical education if he goes to swimming, boxing or gymnastics, which give him so much more? Or the same amount of time for work, when parents can explain the same topics more clearly at home.

Quite often, several parents, having united, create their own small school. When they find premises, they hire tutors to work with their children. This allows you to get excellent knowledge with minimal financial costs. For example, one hour of a tutor costs 500 rubles (the price can vary greatly depending on the age of the children, the city and the teacher's requests). But usually you can agree with him so that he teaches a group of 5 people for 1000 rubles. Therefore, one student will have to spend only 200 rubles. At the same time, he will receive an individual approach that will make it easy to master any topic. Such clubs of family education are becoming more and more popular today, since they have all the advantages of a regular school and are almost completely devoid of its disadvantages.

Therefore, it is safe to say that homeschooling has certain advantages and disadvantages. What is more important is up to the parents to decide.

We graduate from school as an external student

Very often, parents who value their child's time are interested in how to finish school as an external student. This is a perfectly reasonable decision. Experienced educators recognize that modern education is artificially prolonged. With the right approach and organization, an 11-year training program can be mastered in 6-8 years, depending on the student's abilities. Just imagine - a child saves from 3 to 5 years! How much more useful knowledge he will be able to acquire before the age of 18, when most of his peers have just finished school. At least one secondary specialized or even higher education (full-time or part-time). And for this it is enough to know how to finish school as an external student. And the answer to this question is quite simple.

It's nice that external training is completely legal - in fact, this is home schooling. That is, a student, passing the school curriculum at home, takes exams at school. But you don't have to follow the program - if you have experienced mentors and an interest in learning, why not take a one-year course in six months? Schools still have the option of completing a two- and even three-year program in one calendar year. A talented child can easily graduate from school at the age of 14, after which, independently or with the help of parents, decide how to use the free time - go to college, university, find a suitable job, or do something else.

It is foolish to deny that this is a very good alternative to school, especially a modern one, which belongs to a structure that is not at all interested in the fact that the country is inhabited by smart, strong and decisive people. Remember that only you are responsible for the education and, accordingly, the future of your children.

Remote education

Online learning has become increasingly popular in recent years. What is it? In fact, this is a kind of extramural education. But for teaching and passing the exam, the students and the teacher do not need to be in the same room. Fortunately, modern technologies allow the teacher to communicate with the student, being in hundreds and even thousands of kilometers from each other.

In fact, this is one of the varieties of family education clubs or tutoring. The plus is the fact that you do not need to look for a suitable room if you plan to gather a group of children in one place. It also eliminates the need to spend time on the road - in the conditions of megalopolises, this is an extremely important advantage. Indeed, in some cases, a tutor, in order to spend one hour with a student, has to spend the same amount of time or even more to get to him and return home. Of course, this causes unnecessary trouble for the teacher and forces him to raise his rates, which hits the family budget of the student's family.

But nevertheless, online training also has certain disadvantages. If only because most students feel more comfortable when the teacher is nearby, and not on the computer screen. However, most often you have to put up with this disadvantage in order to win in something else.

You can also receive secondary education remotely, studying in special schools. Indeed, today in our country there are quite a few schools that have a state license, but their program is very different from the standard one used in simple secondary institutions. We will talk about them in more detail a little later. It is also worth mentioning here that with distance learning, the student or his parents receive a sample program that the student must master. Teachers are contacted for the delivery of finished work, as well as in cases where there are any difficulties in its implementation.

Alternative schools

For our country, such schools are rather unusual, unusual. But there are many of them in Europe and the USA. Moreover, the programs are very different everywhere. Some are trying to develop something completely new, while others are based on the program used in schools in the late nineteenth century. Surprisingly, graduates of the latter institutions often show the highest level of education.

One should not consider such a difference in the number of alternative schools to be the backwardness of our country. Rather, on the contrary, in the West the need for their appearance arose much earlier because in Russia until recently secondary schools provided all the necessary knowledge. Alas, today, in the course of numerous reforms, education is getting worse. Parents, wanting to give their children the best knowledge, are looking for ways to get it. And alternative schools help them with this.

There are a lot of such schools: Montessori, Academician Shchetinin, with a Waldorf education system - it will be difficult to list everything. Each has a specific program, advantages and disadvantages. Some of them are free, but getting there is quite difficult. Others are paid, and very few of our compatriots can afford to pay for the training. Of course, you need to be very serious about choosing a school - it will have a significant impact on your child's life.

Coping with lack of socialization

Parents who choose homeschooling as an alternative to school often complain that their children, as a result, are not very sociable, practically devoid of communication skills. This is a really serious problem - even a genius who does not know how to communicate and make acquaintances will not be able to achieve much. But this is easy to explain: while other children communicate in schools (alas, today they communicate much more than they study), they develop communication skills, learn to integrate into the system. With homeschooling, the child is deprived of this opportunity.

Fortunately, the problem is easy to fix if you spot it in time. After all, there are many creative and sports clubs where the child can meet with peers. And it's even better than school. After all, children gather in the class, often having nothing in common, except for their age and approximate place of residence. In circles and sections, the child meets like-minded people. Here they are engaged in a common cause that is interesting to everyone. It can be bullet shooting, making model airplanes, embroidery with beads, playing the guitar, drawing, orienteering - the choice is huge. It will be quite easy to make acquaintances in such an environment. And two or three such sections will be an excellent addition to the alternative education system.

Choosing the best option

So what to do - to send the child to a regular school or to educate him on his own? In fact, the question is much more complex and profound than it might seem at first glance. First of all, you need to study the aspirations of the child and his inclinations. It is foolish to try to raise a young genius from an ordinary child, capable of entering a university at the age of 14, or even graduating from it. He will simply be uncomfortable in the midst of smarter peers, here he will become a black sheep. In an ordinary school, he will feel "his". In addition, he will not fly high, but he will not fall low either - he will follow the beaten and familiar path: kindergarten, school, university, work.

But parents of children with really serious inclinations should still try. Let it be necessary to spend more time, effort and money on their education, but it will be possible to give the child a ticket to a great future. In an ordinary high school, he is too cramped, there is no opportunity to realize his potential, but there is a risk of becoming an outcast, a black sheep. He is better suited for an alternative education that adapts to him, and does not require the opposite.

Conclusion

This concludes our article. Now you know how to get your high school education at home, as well as avoid many of the problems that often arise along the way. We hope that the article will help you make the right decision and help your child find himself in this difficult life.