People's Commissars and Ministers of the Aviation Industry of the USSR. Alexey Ivanovich Shakhurin: biography Originally from Mikhailovsky

05.08.2016

In May, a presentation of the Golden Book of the Leninsky District took place at the Vidnovsky cinema "Iskra". This unique publication tells about our countrymen, whose military and labor exploits are inscribed in golden letters in the history of our region.

The search for historians and local historians continues. Today we are publishing a new story about the Hero of Socialist Labor, which was not included in the book. During the Great Patriotic War, Alexei Shakhurin was called the great people's commissar. He has been at the head of the aviation industry since the pre-war 1940s. What importance was attached then to aviation and why, it is not worth explaining. The names of the famous designers Tupolev and Mikoyan, Yakovlev and Ilyushin, Lavochkin and Myasishchev, we proudly pronounce today. The exploits of the pilots who smashed the enemy on the machines they created are not forgotten. The outcome of those great battles was largely decided by our advantage in the air. But for this to happen, not only talented designers and aviators were needed, but gifted organizers were also needed. Less than two years were given to our country to create a powerful modern aviation industry. This problem was successfully solved by Alexey Shakhurin, our fellow countryman, originally from the Moscow region.

Unexpected appointment

The appointment of the people's commissar of the aviation industry was a complete surprise for Alexei Ivanovich. In early January 1940 Shakhurina he was urgently called to Moscow from Gorky (now Nizhny Novgorod), where he headed the regional committee of the CPSU (b). They were waiting for him in the Kremlin.

Alexey Ivanovich Shakhurin later recalled:

“In the office were Stalin, Molotov, Voroshilov and other members of the Politburo. Everyone except Stalin, who was walking around the room, was sitting.

Stalin continued walking in silence for some time. Then he stopped next to me and said: “We want to appoint you people's commissar of the aviation industry. We need fresh people, good organizers and those who also know the aviation business. How do you look at it?"

The offer was unexpected. I didn't know what to say. He replied, “I don’t think I can handle this. Especially in Gorky I’m new, it’s interesting to work there, there are many plans for the future that I would like to implement.”

Voroshilov intervened in the conversation. With his characteristic good nature, he remarked: “Which area you lead and you can handle it.”

Soon the designer was invited A.S. Yakovlev. Stalin pointed to me: "This is the new people's commissar of the aviation industry, Comrade Shakhurin."

I realized that the issue of my appointment was resolved.

Originally from Mikhailovsky

Born Alexey Shakhurin from the village Mikhailovskoe, which is near the Bitza station. At the beginning of the last century, it was located 20 kilometers from the capital. The peasants could not feed themselves on the land, the peasants were drawn to Moscow enterprises. At the Gakental factory, as the Manometer factory was called at that time, together with fellow villagers, the father of Alexei Shakhurin came to work as a coppersmith - Ivan Matveevich. He perfectly mastered his business, for which he was very respected at the plant, where he worked for 40 years.

To match the father was the mother - Tatyana Mikhailovna. Nature endowed this simple Russian woman with amazing spiritual strength, the gift of inner tact. Mother worked tirelessly. It is not surprising that the children also tried to do everything themselves, grew up independent, and when the father went to the front of the First World War, the mother consulted with 10-year-old Alyosha, and he was the eldest son, as with an adult.

Memories of the family, parents always warmed Alexei Ivanovich. And he still remembers the school and the first teacher. He grasped knowledge on the fly, loved to read. And this passion remained with him for the rest of his life.

Time forward!

Alexei's "labor universities" began at the age of 13: he entered an electrical engineering office as an apprentice. And six months later, a revolution broke out. And then the life of Alexei Shakhurin, like the whole country, rushed, gaining unprecedented momentum. In his memoirs, Alexei Ivanovich often writes that one or another period of his work biography, although he was short-lived, but eventful and played an important role in his life. Probably, what others took years, Shakhurin went through in months. Such was his human and professional potential.

At the age of 16, he works as an electrician, two years later, on the recommendation of his father, he comes to the factory "Manometer". A year later he joined the Komsomol. Actively works with youth. Soon he was invited to the district committee of the Komsomol. On Lenin's call in 1924 he joined the Communist Party. Becomes a member of the Central Committee of the Komsomol. In 1927 he took exams at the Engineering and Economic Institute. S. Ordzhonikidze. It was then that the aircraft industry first appeared in the life of Alexei Shakhurin.

The battle motto of the youth of the 1920s was the call: "Working people, build the Air Fleet." The Society of Friends of the Air Fleet was created in the country. And in the society of Marxist technicians, well-known scientists and practitioners gave lectures and reports on aviation topics. Hearing about this, the future People's Commissar began to attend classes. In addition to theoretical disciplines, during his studies, he also underwent industrial practice. He studied foundry business at the Krasny Proletarian, open-hearth - at the plant "Hammer and sickle", technological practice took place at ZIL and at the 1st State Bearing Plant.

In a word, the training was the most serious, and after graduating from the institute, Shakhurin was appointed head of the production organization department at one of the factories of the Civil Air Fleet. The plant was soon redesigned, and from 1933 to 1938 Alexei Ivanovich worked as an engineer at the Air Force Academy. NOT. Zhukovsky, which at that time was the only higher military aviation educational institution that trained engineers and designers, and also retrained aviation commanders.

Then a new round of acceleration begins in his biography. In February - April 1938, Alexei Ivanovich was a party organizer at plant No. 1 Aviahim. Then he heads the Yaroslavl regional party committee, less than a year later he holds the same post in Gorky. Since March 1939 - member of the Central Committee of the party. Of course, he did, as they would say now, a successful career. But behind his success, above all, was hard work, organizational talent, the ability to inspire people and skillfully put them in their places, to find the main link in the work. Actually, from this he began his work in the People's Commissariat of the aviation industry.

Not a day of delay

The very next morning after his appointment, Shakhurin got acquainted with the affairs of his people's commissariat. The order was established as follows: every day they listened to and discussed the report of one of the leaders of the main departments in the presence of factory workers. Everyone who wanted to speak. Suggestions were made to improve the business.

A special commission formed before the appointment of Shakhurin as People's Commissar, which checked the state of armed forces, noted that the material part of Soviet aviation "in its development lags behind in terms of speed, engine power, armament and strength of aircraft from the aviation of the advanced armies of other countries." It was clear that special, exceptional measures were needed that would bring our aviation up to the level of modern requirements in the shortest possible time.

Difficult tasks were set before the new people's commissar, and he fulfilled them with honor. All creative and production resources were thrown into the creation new types of aircraft. Alexey Ivanovich personally knew all the designers, traveled to factories, sometimes got into an argument with Stalin himself, if he believed that one or another model deserved attention. AT 1940–1941 years, new models of combat aircraft were built, tested, put into service and put into serial production. The number of factories in the industry increased by 1.7 times compared to 1937. In 1940, the USSR already produces more aircraft than Germany, but this achievement had one “but”. The Germans have only new types of aircraft, while we also had enough obsolete models. It was decided to build 9 new aviation and 6 new aircraft engine factories. Work on their creation was in full swing. In 1941, aircraft factories produced 2,000 Yak-1, LaGG-3, MiG-3 fighters, 458 Pe-2 bombers, and 249 Il-2 attack aircraft. Nevertheless, Alexei Ivanovich was nervous: would we have time to build the required number of new aircraft before the start of the war, the inevitability of which he perfectly understood.

At this time, Shakhurin often visited the Kremlin. It happened that Stalin invited him to dinner. Once, in a relaxed atmosphere, the people's commissar shared his anxieties with Stalin. Apparently, the fears of the young head of the aviation industry disturbed the leader, and two months later he returned to this conversation, asking the question:

- How is the production of aircraft going?

Shakhurin showed him the semi-annual and annual production schedules, which showed an increase in aircraft production by one or two per week. And on one of them, Stalin wrote with his own hand: “We, Shakhurin, Dementiev, Khrunichev, Voronin ... (in a word, I listed all the deputies of the people's commissar of the aviation industry), we hereby undertake to bring the daily production of combat aircraft in June 1941 to 50 aircraft per day".

Alexei Ivanovich asked permission to consult with the deputies. Having calculated everything, the leadership of the People's Commissariat of the Aviation Industry accepted Stalin's challenge. People were well aware that increasing the production of aircraft is a matter of life and death for the country. The aircraft builders kept their word. By the beginning of the war, 50 aircraft per day were being produced, and by the end of 1941 this figure had reached 100.

The aviation industry worked very clearly, rhythmically, increasing output. When sometimes these days one hears that new planes have appeared in the USSR only in the second half of the war, it is quite obvious that this is claimed by people who do not understand that it is impossible to create such equipment during hostilities. As A.I. Shakhurin: “If the war had caught us with old equipment on the stocks, then we would not have been able to master the mass production of new aircraft with any efforts.”

For services to the Motherland in 1941 A.I. Shakhurin was awarded the highest award of the country - the title Hero of Socialist Labor.

Wings of Victory

Shakhurin was not broken by the first difficulties of the war. Although the people's commissariat of the aviation industry had to work in three directions at once. First of all, the aircraft of the latest releases were tested in combat. Secondly, it was necessary to sharply increase the production of combat vehicles in the difficult conditions of the war. And finally, simultaneously carry out the evacuation of the aviation industry to the Urals, the Volga region, Central Asia and Siberia.

Shakhurin managed not only not to lose the thread of industry management, but also to retain the necessary personnel to continue the continuous production of aircraft.

These figures speak volumes of the work. In the initial period of the war, about 85 percent of the enterprises of the entire aviation industry withdrew from their inhabited places. 100 aircraft factories, about 1 million units of the machine park, more than 500 thousand workers, not counting family members, made a "march" to the eastern regions of the country. And all this took place in the shortest possible time, literally within 10 days, without reducing the level of production of combat aircraft. So, only one aircraft building plant in Moscow brought the production of high-speed fighters "Moment" up to 20 aircraft per day. It was at the bench that the unprecedented struggle for our air superiority was going on, which by the end of the war had become undeniable. And this was one of the decisive contributions to the Victory of the People's Commissariat of the Aviation Industry, headed by A.I. Shakhurin, who skillfully guides the workers of the industry to a labor feat. The aviation industry itself had to be evacuated - from Moscow to Kuibyshev. On October 15, 1941, all people's commissariats were ordered to leave the capital within 24 hours.

During the war, the People's Commissar visited evacuated enterprises more than once, solved difficult problems, encouraged people, and sometimes even beat them out of delayed wages. Despite inhuman working conditions and a half-starved existence, in the literal sense, in the open air, already at the beginning of 1942, mass production of aircraft began in the East of the country. On January 7, 1942, Shakhurin received a call from Siberia and loud words were said: “Accept, Motherland, the first Zaporozhye engine on Siberian soil!” Hearing this, Alexey Ivanovich, far from a sentimental person, felt a spasm in his throat ...

The aviation industry experienced rapid technological progress during the war years. And it was not a spontaneous process. He was guided by talented industry leaders and, above all, People's Commissar Shakhurin. The technology improved, the organization of the entire production process at enterprises improved. A great effect, for example, was given by the streaming method. The introduction of a flow at aircraft factories and the rationalization of work that accompanied this made it possible to reduce labor costs for the manufacture of the La-5 fighter by more than 2.5 times, and the Il-2 attack aircraft by 5 times. Decreased production cost. Only due to the achieved savings in 1943, 8790 aircraft were produced (in terms of La-5), which equaled almost a quarter of the aircraft produced at that time.

In total, during the Great Patriotic War, the aviation industry mastered and put into mass production 25 types of new and modernized types of aircraft and 23 types of aircraft engines. In combat formation Soviet aviation by May 9, 1945, there were 47.3 thousand combat vehicles.

The People's Commissariat of the aviation industry, headed by its leader A.I. Shakhurin did a lot for the air superiority of the Soviet Armed Forces, which brought our Victory closer. We must not forget that the feat of aircraft manufacturers provided a reliable basis for improving aircraft, which subsequently opened our country access to space.

... The victorious finale of the war was overshadowed by dramatic events for Shakhurin. In 1946, the People's Commissar was repressed on a fabricated "aviation case". After Stalin's death, he was completely rehabilitated. AT 1953–1959 In the years of the Great People's Commissar of the war years, he worked as First Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry, and later as Deputy Chairman of the Committee of the USSR Council of Ministers for Foreign Economic Relations. After his retirement, he wrote a book of memoirs "Wings of Victory". A.I. died. Shakhurin in 1975. He was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy Cemetery.

Born on February 12, 1904 in the village of Mikhailovskoye, Podolsky district, Moscow province (now the Moscow region). The son of a peasant.

From 1919 he worked as an electrician in Podolsk, from 1921 as a milling machine operator at the Manometr plant in Moscow. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1925. In 1925 he was transferred to Komsomol work - secretary of the Bauman district committee of the Komsomol of the city of Moscow, then worked in the People's Commissariat of Trade of the RSFSR.

Graduated from the Moscow Engineering and Economic Institute in 1932. Since 1933 in military service. In 1933-1938 he served in the research and training department of the N. E. Zhukovsky Air Force Academy. Since February 1938, the party organizer at the plant of the People's Commissariat of the aviation industry.

In 1938-1939 he was the first secretary of the Yaroslavl Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. He normalized the socio-political situation in the region, established party work after mass repressions.

In 1939-1940 he was the first secretary of the Gorky Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.

In 1940-1946, the People's Commissar of the Aviation Industry. In the summer of 1944, Stalin instructed Shakhurin to examine everything that was possible, together with the advancing troops, at the German missile range, which was to be captured by the Red Army in Poland.

In 1946, Shakhurin was repressed for the "aviation case". On May 10-11, 1946, the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR, chaired by V. V. Ulrikh, sentenced him to 7 years on charges of "abuse of power" and "producing non-standard, poor-quality and incomplete products."

In the verdict, A.I. Shakhurin was accused of the following: “for a long time he produced aircraft and engines with large structural and production defects and, in collusion with the command of the Air Force, ordered them into service with the Air Force, as a result of which a large number of accidents and disasters, pilots died, and a lot of defective aircraft accumulated, which could not be used in battles with the Germans ... ".

May 29, 1953 rehabilitated and released. On June 2, 1953, all awards and titles were returned.

In 1953-1957, Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR, First Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR.

In 1957 - August 1959 - Deputy Chairman of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Foreign Economic Relations.

His son Vladimir (1928-1943) is known for having shot Nina, the daughter of Ambassador Konstantin Umansky, on July 3, 1943, and then shot himself.

Awards

• By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of September 8, 1941, for outstanding services in the production of aircraft in difficult wartime conditions, Alexei Ivanovich Shakhurin was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Gold Medal "Hammer and Sickle" and the Order of Lenin.
• He was awarded two orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Suvorov I degree, the Order of Kutuzov I degree, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, the Order of the Red Star.

People's Commissar of the Aviation Industry

Biography

Born on February 12, 1904 in the village of Mikhailovskoye, Podolsky district, Moscow province (now the Moscow region). The son of a peasant.

From 1919 he worked as an electrician in Podolsk, from 1921 as a milling machine operator at the Manometr plant in Moscow. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1925. In 1925 he was transferred to Komsomol work - secretary of the Bauman district committee of the Komsomol of the city of Moscow, then worked in the People's Commissariat of Trade of the RSFSR.

Graduated from the Moscow Engineering and Economic Institute in 1932. Since 1933 in military service. In 1933-1938 he served in the research and training department of the N. E. Zhukovsky Air Force Academy. Since February 1938, the party organizer at the plant of the People's Commissariat of the aviation industry.

In 1938-1939 he was the first secretary of the Yaroslavl Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. He normalized the socio-political situation in the region, established party work after mass repressions.

In 1939-1940 he was the first secretary of the Gorky Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.

In 1940-1946, the People's Commissar of the Aviation Industry. In the summer of 1944, Stalin instructed Shakhurin to examine everything that was possible, together with the advancing troops, at the German missile range, which was to be captured by the Red Army in Poland.

In 1946, Shakhurin was repressed for the "aviation case". On May 10-11, 1946, the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR, chaired by V. V. Ulrikh, sentenced him to 7 years on charges of "abuse of power" and "producing non-standard, poor-quality and incomplete products."

In the verdict, A.I. Shakhurin was accused of the following: “for a long time he produced aircraft and engines with large structural and production defects and, in collusion with the command of the Air Force, ordered them into service with the Air Force, as a result of which a large number of accidents and disasters, pilots died, and a lot of defective aircraft accumulated, which could not be used in battles with the Germans ... ".

May 29, 1953 rehabilitated and released. On June 2, 1953, all awards and titles were returned.

In 1953-1957, Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR, First Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR.

In 1957 - August 1959 - Deputy Chairman of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Foreign Economic Relations.

His son Vladimir (1928-1943) is known for having shot Nina, the daughter of Ambassador Konstantin Umansky, on July 3, 1943, and then shot himself.

Awards

• By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of September 8, 1941, for outstanding services in the production of aircraft in difficult wartime conditions, Alexei Ivanovich Shakhurin was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Gold Medal "Hammer and Sickle" and the Order of Lenin.
• He was awarded two orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Suvorov I degree, the Order of Kutuzov I degree, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, the Order of the Red Star.

KAGANOVICH Mikhail Moiseevich (1888-1941) - People's Commissar of the Aviation Industry of the USSR in 1939 - 1940.

Born into a wealthy Jewish family in the village of Kabany, Radomyslsky district, Kyiv province. Received primary education. Metal worker.
In 1905 he joined the RSDLP, a Bolshevik. He was repeatedly arrested. In 1917-1918, he was a member of the headquarters of the Red Guard detachments at the Unecha station (Chernigov province). In 1918-1922, chairman of the Arzamas military revolutionary committee, chairman of the Surazh Council (Smolensk province), county food commissar in Arzamas, secretary of the Vyksa county committee of the RCP (b). In 1923-1927 he was chairman of the Nizhny Novgorod Gubernia Council of National Economy. With the support of his younger brother, he was transferred to Moscow.
In 1927-1934 he was a member of the Central Control Commission of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In 1927-1930 - a candidate member of the Presidium of the Central Control Commission of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks - a member of the board of the People's Commissariat of the Workers' and Peasants' Inspectorate of the USSR. In 1930-1932 he was a member of the Presidium of the Central Control Commission of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.
Since 1931, the head of the Main Machine-Building Directorate and Deputy Chairman of the Supreme Economic Council of the USSR. From 1932 to 1936, G. K. Ordzhonikidze, Deputy Commissar for Heavy Industry of the USSR, and a close collaborator. Since 1934, a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b). In 1934-1939 he was a candidate member of the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. At the same time, in 1935-1936, he was the head of the Main Directorate of the Aviation Industry of the Narkomtyazhprom. From December 1936 Deputy People's Commissar, from 10/15/1937 to 11/11/1939 People's Commissar of the Defense Industry (NKOP) of the USSR.
V. S. Emelyanov in his memoirs characterized M. Kaganovich as follows: “He was a rude, noisy person. I never saw him with his mouth closed - he always talked and always lectured, liked to joke, but his jokes were often inappropriate, not witty and insulting to those whom they affected.<…>M. M. Kaganovich was poorly versed in the technique of the case and the People's Commissariat was essentially led by his talented deputies I. T. Tevosyan, B. L. Vannikov and M. V. Khrunichev.
Since 1937, he has been a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 1st convocation. On January 11, 1939, the People's Commissariat of the Aviation Industry of the USSR was separated from the NKOP, headed by Mikhail Kaganovich.
On January 10, 1940, he was relieved of his post as People's Commissar and appointed director of the Aviation Plant No. 124 named after Sergo Ordzhonikidze in Kazan. In February 1941, at the XVIII Conference of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, he was warned that if he "does not fulfill the instructions of the party and government, he will be removed from the Central Committee and removed from leadership."
He shot himself on July 1, 1941.
SHAKHURIN Alexey Ivanovich (1904-1975) - People's Commissar of the Aviation Industry of the USSR in 1940 - 1946.

From 1919 he worked as an electrician in Podolsk, from 1921 as a milling machine operator at the Manometr plant in Moscow. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1925. In 1925 he was transferred to Komsomol work - secretary of the Bauman district committee of the Komsomol of the city of Moscow, then worked in the People's Commissariat of Trade of the RSFSR.
Graduated from the Moscow Engineering and Economic Institute in 1932. Since 1933 in military service. In 1933-1938 he served in the research and training department of the N. E. Zhukovsky Air Force Academy. Since February 1938, the party organizer at the plant of the People's Commissariat of the aviation industry.
In 1938-1939 he was the first secretary of the Yaroslavl Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. He normalized the socio-political situation in the region, established party work after mass repressions. Member of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR since 1938
In 1939-1940 he was the first secretary of the Gorky Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.
In 1940-1946, the People's Commissar of the Aviation Industry. When in 1943 the Council for Radar at the GKO was created, he was appointed a member. In the summer of 1944, Stalin instructed Shakhurin to examine everything that was possible, together with the advancing troops, at the German missile range, which was to be captured by the Red Army in Poland.
In 1946, Shakhurin was repressed for the "aviation case". On May 10-11, 1946, the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR, chaired by V. V. Ulrikh, sentenced him to 7 years on charges of "abuse of power" and "producing non-standard, poor-quality and incomplete products."
In the verdict, A. I. Shakhurin was accused of the following: “for a long time he produced aircraft and engines with large design and production defects and, in collusion with the command of the Air Force, ordered them into service with the Air Force, as a result of which a large number of accidents and disasters, pilots died, and a lot of defective aircraft accumulated, which could not be used in battles with the Germans ... ".
May 29, 1953 rehabilitated and released. On June 2, 1953, all awards and titles were returned.
In 1953-1957, Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR, First Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR.
In 1957 - August 1959 - Deputy Chairman of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Foreign Economic Relations.

KhRUNICHEV Mikhail Vasilievich (1901-1961) - People's Commissar (Minister) of the USSR aviation industry in 1946 - 1953.

Key appointments[edit | edit wiki text]
. 1914-1920 - messenger, postman, assistant locksmith.
. 1920-1924 - served in the Red Army: political worker, treasurer.
. 1924-1929 - served in the police: head of the district department, deputy head of the Luhansk district police.
. 1929-1932 - in economic work in Lugansk, at the same time studying.
. 1932-1937 - deputy director, director of a military plant, Zelenodolsk.
. 1937-1939 - Head of the 12th Main Directorate, Deputy People's Commissar of the Defense Industry of the USSR.
. 1939-1942 - Deputy People's Commissar of the Aviation Industry of the USSR.
. 1942-1946 - First Deputy People's Commissar of Ammunition of the USSR.
. 1946-1953 - Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR.
. 1953-1955 - First Deputy Minister of Medium Machine Building of the USSR.
. 1955-1956 - Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.
On January 19, 1956, the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the CPSU “On the state of work on the creation of air-to-air systems” was adopted, in which, in particular, it was: “Indicate Comrade Khrunichev that he does not take his duties seriously and formally bureaucratically approached fulfillment of the instructions of the Central Committee of the CPSU to create air-to-air systems.
. 1956-1961 - Deputy Chairman of the State Economic Commission of the USSR, Deputy Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the USSR - Minister of the USSR.
. 1961-1961 - Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Chairman of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for the coordination of scientific research.

DEMENTYEV Pyotr Vasilyevich (1907-1977) - Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR in 1953 - 1977.


about the Dementiev dynasty - here) - Chairman of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR on aviation technology in 1957 - 1965.
He began his career in 1922 as a worker. After graduating from the Ubeevsk rural school, P.V. Dementiev studied at the Simbirsk (Ulyanovsk) vocational school. In 1927, he entered the Lomonosov Moscow Mechanical Institute, but two years later he transferred to the Air Force Engineering Academy named after Professor N. E. Zhukovsky, from which he graduated in 1931.
After the successful completion of his studies, P.V. Dementiev, among the most talented graduates, was sent to the Scientific Research Institute of the Civil Air Fleet, and three years later he asked for a specific production site. In 1934-1941. he worked his way up from the shop manager of the Moscow Aviation Plant No. 81 to the chief engineer and director of the State Aviation Plant No. 1 (Moscow Aircraft Building Plant).
In 1938, P.V. Dementiev joined the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks).
In 1941, he was appointed First Deputy People's Commissar (from 1946 - Minister) of the USSR aviation industry, having worked in this position until 1953. During the war, he was responsible for the serial production of aircraft.
In 1941, P. V. Dementiev, among the first leaders of the aviation industry, was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor for fulfilling government assignments for the creation and production of new aviation and special equipment.
In 1952, at the 19th Congress of the CPSU, he was elected a candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU, of which he became a member in 1956. In 1953, P. V. Dementiev became a laureate of the Stalin Prize.
In March 1953, when the USSR Ministry of Aviation Industry became part of the USSR Ministry of Defense Industry, supervised by L.P. Beria, P.V. Dementiev lost his post. After the dismissal and arrest of L.P. Beria, in August 1953 he was appointed Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR, becoming the head of the Soviet aviation industry for almost a quarter of a century - until his death in 1977 (since 1957 - as chairman State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Aviation Engineering, since 1963 - Chairman of the State Committee for Aviation Engineering of the USSR, and since 1965 - again the Minister of Aviation Industry of the USSR).
Academician G.V. Novozhilov spoke about P.V. Dementiev:

I must say that a person of Dementiev's scale can be likened to a diamond with hundreds of sparkling facets, and no one can see them all at once. He allowed each of those with whom the minister spoke, to see only what he wanted to show. He knew how to be both tough, and kind, and uncompromising, and all-understanding, he knew how to flatter when necessary, to cut when necessary, he could bring a person closer, and he could clearly indicate the distance - he was many-sided and that, in the opinion of those who worked next to the minister was interesting and dear.

KAZAKOV Vasily Alexandrovich (1916-1981) - Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR in 1977 - 1981.

Born into a working class family. In 1955 he graduated from the All-Union Correspondence Engineering Institute.
Since 1937 at aircraft factory No. 213:
. 1937-1939 - technologist,
. 1939-1941 - shop manager,
. 1941-1943 - head of department,
. 1943-1944 - chief technologist.
In 1944-1949. - chief technologist of aircraft factory No. 122 in Moscow.
In 1949-1951. - Head of Department at the State Union Design Institute No. 10 of the USSR Ministry of the Aviation Industry.
In 1951-1960. - chief engineer of plant number 122.
In 1960-1965. - Director of NII-923 of the State Committee for Aviation Engineering.
In 1965-1974. - deputy Minister,
in 1974-1977 - First Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR.

SILAEV Ivan Stepanovich (1930-) - Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR in 1981 - 1985.

Born in the village of Bakhtyzino, Voznesensky District, Nizhny Novgorod (Gorky) Region, into a peasant family. In 1954 he graduated from the Kazan Aviation Institute with a degree in mechanical engineering for aircraft construction and was sent for distribution to the aviation plant named after S. Ordzhonikidze in Gorky, where for 20 years he went from foreman to plant director (1971), participating in the creation and production of MiG-15, MiG-17, MiG-19, MiG-21, MiG-25, MiG-31 fighters. In 1959 he joined the CPSU.
In 1974 he was sent to work in the Ministry of Aviation Industry of the USSR, where until 1980 he served in the rank of Deputy Minister. From December 19, 1980 to February 20, 1981, he was Minister of the Machine-Tool and Tool Industry of the USSR, from February 20, 1981, he was appointed Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR. In Minaviaprom, I. Silaev for 11 years directly supervised the creation, testing and launching into mass production of the MiG-29, Su-27, MiG-31, Tu-160, An-124 (Ruslan), Il-86 helicopters, Ka- 26, Mi-24, X-55 cruise missile, Buran aerospace ship.

Systsov Apollon Sergeevich (1929-2005) - Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR in 1985 - 1991

In 1962 he graduated from the evening department of the Tashkent Polytechnic Institute with a degree in mechanical engineering in aircraft construction.
Since 1948, at the Tashkent Aviation Plant named after. V. P. Chkalova: minder,
since 1955 - process engineer, foreman, senior foreman, site manager, deputy shop manager;
since 1963 - shop manager;
since 1969 - chief engineer.
Since 1975 - General Director of the Ulyanovsk Aviation Industrial Complex, member of the Collegium of the Ministry of Aviation Industry of the USSR.
Since 1981 - First Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR.
Since November 1985 - Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR.

Information from the site en.wikipedia.org/

SHAKHURIN Alexey Ivanovich (12 (25) February 1904,with. Mikhailovskoye, Moscow province - July 3, 1975, Moscow) - First Secretary of the Yaroslavl Regional Committee and City Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks from June 1938 to January 1939.

AI Shakhurin was born into a peasant family. From 1917 he was an apprentice electrician, in 1919-1921. worked as an electrician in the Podolsky city department of public utilities, since 1921 - as a milling machine operator at the Manometer plant in Moscow.

In 1925 he joined the Communist Party. In 1925-1927. was the head of the political and educational department, secretary of the Bauman district committee of the Komsomol in Moscow. Since 1927 - a representative of the Central Committee of the All-Union Leninist Young Communist League and deputy chairman of the All-Russian Committee for Assistance to Industrial and Economic Education under the People's Commissariat for Foreign and Internal Trade of the USSR. At the same time in 1927-1932. was a student at the Moscow Engineering and Economics Institute. Upon graduation, he began working as the head of the production organization department of the aviation plant No. 82 in Moscow, from 1933 he was a senior engineer, then - head of the research department of the Air Force Academy. N. E. Zhukovsky. Since 1937 - party organizer of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks of plant No. 1 named after Aviakhim in Moscow.

From June 1938 - First Secretary (for the first two months - acting) of the Yaroslavl Regional Committee and the City Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. From January 1939 to January 1940 - First Secretary of the Gorky Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 1st convocation (1938). Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) in 1939 - 1946. From January 1940 to January 1946 was People's Commissar of the aviation industry of the USSR. He established the production of aircraft, ensured the introduction of new models of military equipment, and made a significant contribution to achieving victory in the Patriotic War.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of September 8, 1941, for outstanding services in the field of organization and implementation of mass production of new types of combat aircraft, Alexei Ivanovich Shakhurin was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle Gold Medal.

In 1944, Shakhurin was awarded the rank of Colonel General of the Aviation Engineering Service.

In February 1946 he was appointed deputy chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR.

In April 1946, he was arrested on trumped-up charges of "abuse of power" and "producing non-standard, low-quality and incomplete products." In the verdict, A. I. Shakhurin was accused of allegedly “for a long time producing aircraft and engines with large design and production defects and, in collusion with the command of the Air Force, decided to put them into service with the Air Force, as a result of which there was a a large number of accidents and disasters, pilots died, and a lot of defective aircraft accumulated, which could not be used in battles with the Germans ... ". On May 11, 1946, he was sentenced to 7 years in labor camp.

He was rehabilitated and released on May 29, 1953. On June 2, 1953, all awards and titles were returned. From August 1953 - Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR. In 1954-1956. - First Deputy Minister of the Aviation Industry of the USSR. In May-July 1957 - Deputy Head of the Main Directorate for Economic Relations with the Countries of People's Democracy. From July 1957 - Deputy Chairman of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Foreign Economic Relations. Since 1959 - a personal pensioner of allied significance.

Awards: Hero of Socialist Labor (1941), two orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Star, the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Suvorov I degree, the Order of Kutuzov I degree, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, medals.

The son of AI Shakhurin - Vladimir (born in Moscow in 1928) studied at the elite school No. 175, where the children of high-ranking Soviet officials and party functionaries studied. Vladimir's closest friends were Sergo and Vano Mikoyan (sons of Politburo member Anastas Mikoyan), Leonid Redens (son of the executed State Security Commissioner of the 1st rank Stanislav Redens, brother-in-law of Joseph Stalin), Artyom Khmelnitsky (son of General Rafail Khmelnitsky), Pyotr Bakulev (son of the famous surgeon Alexander Bakulev), Felix Kirpichnikov (son of the Deputy Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the USSR Pyotr Kirpichnikov).

During the war years (!) this high-ranking kid came up with an organization called ... "The Fourth Reich". Members of the organization created the "shadow government" of the USSR, the "head" of which was Volodya Shakhurin. Members of the "government" called each other Reichsführers and Gruppenfuehrers.

Adults learned about the "Fourth Reich" thanks to a tragic incident. On June 3, 1943, on the stairs of the Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge, Vladimir Shakhurin shot the daughter of diplomat Konstantin Umansky Nina, his classmate, according to some sources, was also a member of the Fourth Reich organization, with a shot from a Walter pistol. There is a version that Vladimir was in love with Nina and did not want her to leave for Mexico with her parents. Then Shakhurin shot himself with the same pistol. Vladimir and Nina were buried at the Novodevichy cemetery. Their graves are not far from each other.

Investigators established that the Walter pistol, from which Shakhurin fired, belonged to the son of Anastas Mikoyan, Vano. He and his younger brother Sergo were arrested, confessed to creating an "anti-Soviet" organization and named all of its members. Those were also arrested.

All members of the Fourth Reich claimed that the "organization" was just child's play. Nevertheless, on July 23, 1943, eight members of the organization were placed in the inner prison of the NKGB. The investigator in their case was Lev Vlodzimirsky. On December 18, 1943, the Mikoyanov brothers, Leonid Barabanov, Armand Hammer, Pyotr Bakulev, Leonid Redens, Artyom Khmelnitsky and Felix Kirpichnikov were sentenced without any trial to exile to various cities of the Urals, Siberia and Central Asia for a period of one year. The verdict was signed by People's Commissar of State Security Vsevolod Merkulov and Prosecutor General of the USSR Konstantin Gorshenin.