At the beginning of World War II, the cut of the uniform and the method of wearing it was determined by Order No. 176 of December 3, 1935. There were three types of uniforms for generals: casual, day off and dress uniform. There were also three types of uniforms for officers and soldiers: casual, guard and weekend. Each type of uniform had two options: summer and winter.

In the period from 1935 to 1941, numerous minor changes were made to the uniform. The field uniform of the 1935 model was made of material of various shades of khaki. The main distinctive element of the uniform was a tunic, which in its cut resembled a Russian peasant shirt. The cut of the tunic for soldiers and officers was the same. The flap of the chest pocket on the officer's tunic had a complex shape with a protrusion in the form of the Latin letter "V". For soldiers, the valve was often rectangular. The lower part of the shirt collar for officers had a triangular reinforcing patch, while for soldiers this patch was rectangular. In addition, the soldier's tunics had diamond-shaped reinforcing stripes on the elbows and the back of the forearm. The officer's tunic, in contrast to the soldier's, had a colored edging. After the outbreak of hostilities, the color edging was abandoned.

There were two types of tunics: summer and winter. The summer uniform was made of cotton fabric, which was of a lighter color. The winter uniform was made of woolen fabric, which was distinguished by a richer, darker color. The officers were girded with a wide leather belt with a brass buckle decorated with a five-pointed star. The soldiers wore a simpler belt with a conventional open buckle. In the field, soldiers and officers could wear two types of tunics: everyday and weekend. The weekend tunic was often called a jacket. Some soldiers who served in the elite units wore tunics of a special cut, distinguished by a colored stripe running along the gate. However, such tunics were rare.

The second main element of the uniform of both soldiers and officers was harem pants, also called breeches. Soldier's trousers had diamond-shaped reinforcing patches on the knees. As footwear, officers wore high leather boots, and soldiers wore boots with windings or tarpaulin boots. In winter, officers and soldiers wore an overcoat made of brownish-gray cloth. The officer's overcoats were of better quality than the soldier's, but they had the same cut. The Red Army used several types of headgear. Most of the units wore budenovka, which had a winter and summer version. However, the summer budenovka was everywhere superseded by the cap introduced in the late 30s. In the summer, officers preferred to wear caps instead of Budenovoks. In units stationed in Central Asia and the Far East, instead of garrison caps, they wore wide-brimmed panamas.

In 1936, a new type of helmet (created on the basis of the French helmet of Adrian) began to enter the equipment of the Red Army. In 1940, noticeable changes were made to the design of the helmet. The new 1940 helmet replaced the 1936 helmet everywhere, but the old helmet was still widely used in the first year of the war. Many Soviet officers recall that the Red Army did not like to wear a helmet, believing that only cowards wear helmets. Officers everywhere wore caps, the cap was an attribute of the officer's power. Tankers wore a special helmet made of leather or tarpaulin. In the summer they used a lighter version of the helmet, and in the winter they wore a helmet with a fur lining.

The equipment of the Soviet soldiers was strict and simple. Some units still used a 1930 brown leather backpack, but such backpacks were rare in 1941. The more common was the 1938 canvas duffel bag. The base of the duffel bag was a rectangle of 30x10 cm. The duffel bag was 30 cm high. The duffel bag had two pockets. Inside the duffel bag, the soldiers wore footcloths, a poncho, and in their pockets there were rifle accessories and personal hygiene items. At the bottom, poles, pegs and other devices for setting up tents were tied to the duffel bag. Loops were sewn on top and sides of the duffel bag, to which the roll-up was attached. The prodmesh was worn on a waist belt, under the duffel bag. The dimensions of the bag are 18x24x10 cm. In the bag, the soldiers wore dry rations, a kettle and cutlery. The aluminum pot had a tight-fitting lid that was pressed by the handle of the pot. In some units, the soldiers used an old round cauldron with a diameter of 15 cm and a depth of 10 cm.However, the food bag and duffel bag of the 1938 model were quite expensive to manufacture, so their production was discontinued at the end of 1941.

Each Red Army soldier had a gas mask and a gas mask bag. After the outbreak of the war, many soldiers threw away gas masks and used gas mask bags as duffel bags, since not everyone had real duffel bags. According to the charter, each soldier armed with a rifle was supposed to have two leather cartridge bags. The bag could store four clips for the Mosin rifle - 20 rounds. Cartridge bags were worn on a waist belt, one on the side. The statutes provided for the possibility of carrying a large cloth cartridge bag that could hold six clips - 30 rounds. In addition, the Red Army soldiers could use a cloth bandolier worn over the shoulder. In the compartment of the cartridge belt, 14 rifle clips could be stowed. The grenade bag held two grenades with a handle. However, very few soldiers were equipped according to the regulations. Most often, the Red Army men had to be content with one leather cartridge bag, which was usually carried on the right side. Some soldiers received small sapper blades in a cloth case. The scapula was worn on the right thigh. If the Red Army soldier had a flask, then he wore it on a waist belt over a sapper's shoulder blade.

During bad weather, the soldiers used raincoats. The raincoat-tent was made of khaki tarpaulin and had a ribbon with which it was possible to fasten the raincoat-tent on the shoulders. Cloak-tents could be connected in two, four or six and thus obtained tents, under which several people could take refuge. If the soldier had a duffel bag of the 1938 model, then the roll-up, consisting of a raincoat-tent and an overcoat, was attached to the sides and over the bag, in the form of a horseshoe. If there was no duffel bag, then the roll was worn over the shoulder.

The officers used a small bag, which was made of either leather or tarpaulin. There were several types of such bags, some of them were carried over the shoulder, some were hung from a waist belt. On top of the bag was a small tablet. Some officers wore large leather tablets that they hung from a waist belt under their left hand.

There were also several types of specialized uniforms. In winter, tankers wore black overalls and black leather jackets (sometimes black leather trousers were included with the jacket). Mountain shooters wore a special cut black overalls and special mountain boots. The cavalrymen, and primarily the Cossacks, wore traditional clothes instead of uniforms. The cavalry was the most variegated branch of the Red Army, since a large number of Cossacks and representatives of the peoples of Central Asia served in the cavalry. Many cavalry units used standard uniforms, but even in such units, Cossack uniforms were often found. Before the war, the Cossack troops were not popular, since many Cossacks during the Civil War did not support the Bolsheviks and went to serve in the White Army. However, in the 30s, the regiments of the Don, Kuban and Terek Cossacks were formed. The personnel of these regiments were outfitted with uniforms with many details of the traditional Cossack costume. The field uniform of the Cossacks during the Great Patriotic War was a combination of uniforms from the 30s, pre-revolutionary Cossack uniforms and uniforms from 1941/43.

Traditionally, the Cossacks are divided into two groups: steppe and Caucasian. The uniforms of the two groups varied considerably. If the steppe (Don) Cossacks gravitated towards the traditional military uniform, the Caucasians dressed more colorful. All Cossacks wore high hats or lower Kubanks. In the field, the Caucasian Cossacks wore dark blue or black beshmets (shirts). The ceremonial beshmets were red for the Kuban Cossacks and light blue for the Terek Cossacks. Over the beshmet, the Cossacks wore a black or dark blue Circassian coat. Gazyrs were sewn on the chest of the Circassian. In winter, the Cossacks wore a black fur cloak. Many Cossacks wore caps of different colors. The bottom of the Kubanka was covered with cloth: for the Terek Cossacks it was light blue, and for the Kuban Cossacks it was red. On the fabric, two stripes ran crosswise - gold for officers and black for privates. It should be borne in mind that many soldiers recruited from the southern regions of Russia continued to wear a Kubanka instead of the earflaps required by the charter, even if they did not serve in the cavalry. Another distinctive feature of the Cossacks were dark blue breeches.

In the first years of the war, Soviet industry was deprived of significant production facilities, which ended up in the territory occupied by the Germans. However, most of the equipment was nevertheless managed to be exported to the east and new industrial enterprises were organized in the Urals. This decline in production forced the Soviet command to significantly simplify the uniforms and equipment of soldiers. In the winter of 1941/42, a more comfortable winter uniform was used for the first time. When creating this uniform, the sad experience of the Finnish campaign was taken into account. The Red Army men received quilted jackets, wadded trousers and hats with earflaps on synthetic fur. The officers were given sheepskin coats or fur coats. Higher officers wore hats instead of earflaps. The troops fighting in the northern sector of the front (north of Leningrad) were outfitted in special northern uniforms. Instead of sheepskin coats, some units used fur seal sakuis. As footwear, the soldiers wore special boots with dog fur or woolen lining. Ear flaps for soldiers who fought in the north were made of real fur - a dog or a fox.

However, many units did not receive special winter uniforms and the Red Army soldiers froze in standard greatcoats, insulated with things requisitioned from the civilian population. In general, the Red Army was characterized by the widespread use of civilian clothing, this was especially clearly visible in winter. So, in winter, many Red Army men wore felt boots. But not everyone managed to get felt boots, so even in winter, most of the Red Army personnel continued to wear tarpaulin. The only advantage of tarpaulin boots was that they were loose enough so that they could be insulated with additional footcloths and newspapers, turning the shoes into winter boots. Soviet soldiers did not wear socks, only footcloths. Socks were too much of a luxury to be worn in loose boots. But the officers, if they managed to get a pair of socks, did not deny themselves the pleasure of putting them on. Some units were more fortunate - the personnel of these units received felt boots with galoshes, which was especially useful in the autumn and spring thaw. In 1942, the Red Army men were quite motley uniforms. Tankers wore black, gray, blue or khaki overalls. In the manufacture of the uniform, synthetic leather and rubber were widely used. Cartridge bags were sewn from tarpaulin or impregnated tarpaulin. Leather waist belts were widely replaced by tarpaulins.

Instead of blankets, the Red Army men used greatcoats and raincoats. In addition, the roll of an overcoat or a raincoat-tent successfully replaced a duffel bag for the soldiers - things were rolled inside. To rectify the situation, a new duffel bag was introduced, similar to the one used in the tsarist army during the 1st World War. This duffel bag was a canvas bag with a neckline intercepted by a drawstring and two shoulder straps. In 1942, under Lend-Lease, the Soviet Union began to receive items of uniform from the United States and Canada. Although most of the uniforms that came from America were made according to Soviet patterns, there were also American uniforms. For example, the United States supplied the USSR with 13 thousand pairs of leather boots and one million pairs of soldiers' boots, and in Canada they sewed overalls for Soviet tank crews.

The uniform for women who served in the Red Army was determined by several documents. Before the war, a navy blue skirt and beret were the hallmarks of women's day off and dress uniforms. During the war, the order of women's uniforms was consolidated by orders that were issued in May and August 1942. The orders kept the wearing of a skirt and beret. In the field, these uniforms were made from khaki fabric, and the output uniform included a blue skirt and beret. The same orders largely unified the women's uniform with the men's. In practice, many female military personnel, especially those on the front lines, wore men's uniforms. In addition, women often altered many items of uniform for themselves, using discarded uniforms for this.

The experience of fighting in Finland showed the need for the troops to have a white camouflage overalls. Such a jumpsuit appeared in 1941. There were several types of winter coveralls, as a rule, they consisted of pants and a jacket with a hood. In addition, the Red Army units were equipped with many camouflage summer overalls. Such overalls, as a rule, were received by scouts, sappers, mountain shooters and snipers. The overalls had a baggy cut and were made of khaki fabric with round black spots. It is known from photographic documents that the Red Army soldiers also used inverted camouflage overalls, which were green on the outside and white on the inside. It is not clear how widespread such jumpsuits were. A special type of camouflage was developed for snipers. A large number of narrow strips of fabric, imitating grass, were sewn onto the jumpsuit in khaki. However, such overalls are not widely used.

In 1943, the Red Army adopted a new uniform, which was radically different from the one used until now. The system of insignia was also radically changed. The new uniform and insignia largely repeated the uniform and insignia of the tsarist army. The new rules canceled the division of uniforms into casual, day off and ceremonial, since in wartime there was no need for a day off and ceremonial uniform. Details of the ceremonial uniform were used in the uniforms of the special-purpose units that carried the guard duty, as well as in the officer's uniform. In addition, the officers retained their formal dress uniform.

Order No. 25 of January 15, 1943 introduced a new type of tunic for soldiers and officers. The new tunic was very similar to the one used in the tsarist army and had a stand-up collar fastened with two buttons. The soldiers on the tunic had no pockets, while the officer's tunic had two breast pockets. The cut of the trousers has not changed. But the main distinguishing feature of the new uniform was shoulder straps. There were two types of shoulder straps: field and everyday. Field shoulder straps were made of khaki fabric. On three sides, shoulder straps had a border in the color of the type of troops. On the officer's shoulder straps there was no edging, and belonging to the branch of the army could be determined by the color of the gaps. Senior officers (from major to colonel) had two gaps on their shoulder straps, and junior officers (from junior lieutenant to captain) had one each. For doctors, veterinarians and non-combatants, the gaps were red with a brownish tint. In addition, a small gold or silver badge was worn on the shoulder straps near the button, indicating the type of troops. The color of the emblem depended on the type of troops. The shoulder straps of marshals and generals were wider than officers' shoulder straps, and the shoulder straps of military doctors, lawyers, etc. - on the contrary, narrower.

The officers wore a cap with a black leather chin strap. The color of the band of the cap depended on the type of troops. The crown of the cap was usually of a khaki, but the NKVD troops often used caps with a light blue crown, tankers wore gray caps, and the Don Cossacks wore gray-blue. The same order # 25 determined the type of winter headgear for officers. Generals and colonels had to wear hats (introduced back in 1940), while the rest of the officers received ordinary earflaps.

The rank of sergeants and foremen was determined by the number and width of the stripes on the shoulder straps. Usually the stripes were red, only the physicians and veterinarians had the stripes of a brownish tint. The foremen wore a stripe in the shape of the letter "T" on their shoulder straps. The senior sergeants had one wide stripe on their shoulder straps. Sergeants, junior sergeants and corporals had three, two or one narrow stripes on their shoulder straps, respectively. The edging of the shoulder straps was the color of the military branch. According to the charter, the emblem of the branch of the military was supposed to be worn on the inside of the shoulder straps, but in practice, soldiers wore such emblems very rarely.

In March 1944, a new uniform for the Marine Corps was adopted, which was more convenient for use on land. Since the Soviet Navy spent most of the war in ports, many sailors took part in battles on land. The marines were especially widely used in the defense of Leningrad and in the Crimea. Throughout the war, however, the Marines wore the standard naval uniform, complemented by some pieces of land field uniforms. The last order concerning uniforms was issued in April 1945. This order introduced a full dress uniform, the first time the soldiers put on it during the Victory Parade on Red Square on June 24, 1945.

Separately, it would be worth making out the colors of the combat arms in the Red Army. The type of troops and service were indicated by the color of the edging and insignia. The color of the buttonhole field indicated belonging to the branch of the army, in addition, a small badge in the buttonhole spoke of belonging to a certain branch of the army. The officers wore gold-embroidered or enameled badges, while the soldiers wore the color of the edging. The sergeants' buttonholes had edging in the color of the branch of the military, and they were distinguished from the soldiers by a narrow red stripe passing through the buttonhole. The officers wore piped caps, while the soldiers wore caps. The edging on the uniform was also the color of the military branch. Belonging to the branch of the army was determined not by any one color, but by a combination of colors on different parts of the uniform.

Commissars occupied a special position in the army. There were commissars in every unit from the battalion and above. In 1937, in each division (company, platoon), the position of political instructor - a junior political officer was introduced. The insignia of the commissars in general were similar to the insignia of officers, but had their own characteristics. Instead of chevrons on the sleeve, the commissars wore a red star. The commissars had the edging of the buttonholes in black, regardless of the type of troops, while the political instructors had the edging of the buttonholes in color.

Sources of:
1. Lipatov P., “Uniforms of the Red Army and the Wehrmacht”, Technology of Youth, 1996;
2. Shunkov V., "Red Army", AST, 2003;
3. Shalito A., Savchenkov I., Roginsky N., Tsyplenkov K., "Uniforms of the Red Army 1918-1945", 2001.

Senior Lieutenant of State Security in daily uniform, NKVD, 1936-37 Senior Lieutenant of State Security in winter uniform, NKVD, 1936-37 Sergeant of State Security, NKVD, 1937-43 Major, internal troops, NKVD, 1937- 43 y. Junior political instructor in summer marching uniform, infantry, 1939 Red Army soldier, border troops, NKVD, 1937-41. Shooter in winter camouflage, 1939-40. Shooter in winter marching uniform, 1936-41. dress uniform of Kuban Cossack cavalry units, 1936-41 Red Army soldier in dress uniform of Don Cossack cavalry units, 1936-41 Major in dress uniform of Tver Cossack cavalry units, 1936-41 Junior lieutenant in dress uniform of mountain cavalry units, 1936 -41. Marshal of the Soviet Union in everyday uniform 1940-43. Major General in full dress uniform, 1936-41.

Red army uniform 1918-1945 (143 photos)

Red Army soldier, infantry 1941-43. Red Army cavalry 1941 For the winter period, in addition, there were provided: a short fur coat or a wadded jacket with a quilted jacket (for command personnel - a fur vest), wadded trousers, fur mittens and felt boots. And on the basis of the adopted norms, in a secret regime, a detailed regulation on the supply of clothing items to the army in combat was being prepared. motorcyclist road battalion June 30, 1941, hastily modified in connection with the unexpected German attack on the USSR, this information was announced by the circular of the chief intendant for the information of the entire Red Army. However, at that moment, in the first place was the question not of supplying the front, but of rescuing front-line reserves from those areas where the troops were retreating.
The beginning of the war turned out to be extremely unfavorable for the Red Army.

Military equipment of the Red Army Equipment

1. Knapsack mod. 1936 g.
2. Knapsack mod. 1939 g.
3. Knapsack mod. 1941 g.
4. Duffle bag arr. 1930 g.
5. Medical instructor's bag
6. Commander's satchel mod. 1936 g.
7. Blasting machine bag
8. Bag FOR disk magazines for the DP arr. 1927 g.
9. Sanitary bag
10. Gas mask with bag
11. Gas mask with bag mod. 1940 year

The winter war lasted one hundred and five days, and was one of the coldest winters of the 20th century; winter near Moscow for 41 years cannot be compared with winter in a Finnish company when the frosts reached -45 degrees.

Red army uniform (1936-1945)

Red Army soldier, ground forces, 1941-43 Junior lieutenant in marching uniform, ground forces, 1941-43. Senior sailor, 1940-41. Engineer-captain 2nd rank, FMS, 1941-43 Red Army soldier, armored troops, 1941-42 Red Army soldier, ground forces, 1941-43

Red Army soldier, cavalry, 1941-42 Commander tanker in winter uniform, 1942-44 Captain of the 3rd rank of the Navy, 1942-43 Pilot of naval aviation, 1941-45 Builder machine gunner, mountain rifle troops, 1942-43

Colonel General in winter uniform, 1943-45 Major General in field uniform, 1943-45 Major General, 1943 Colonel General in summer weekend uniform, 1943-45 Colonel in summer weekend uniform, infantry, 1943-45

Lieutenant, infantry, 1943-45 Major, armored forces, 1943-45 Red Army soldier, infantry, 1943-45 Officer in a cape, 1943-45

Military uniform of the ussr, uniform of wwii

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And the capture of Moscow did not mean the end of the war, nor did they go to the tropics, so somewhere the German quartermasters were underworked, therefore, during the winter hostilities, the Wehrmacht's losses from frostbite exceeded the number of combat losses. The composition of the rear units and institutions, motor transport units of combat formations, as well as drivers of all branches of the military, instead of an overcoat, began to be given a double-breasted wadded jacket. The great tension with the provision of clothing was due to the decline in the output of light industry products, some of whose enterprises had not yet established production in the evacuation, and those who remained in the field were experiencing difficulties with raw materials, energy and labor.

For those who like to argue whose uniform or whose tanks and aircraft are the best, and so on, the answer is simple. Transfer of a very large number of defense enterprises beyond the Urals, and their launch into the technological cycle in such a short time.

Only war

Red Army scout, 1944-45 This camouflage suit, produced during the Great Patriotic War, first appeared in 1944, and it seems that it was not very widespread. The complexity of the pattern: a paler background, a sawtooth pattern of the "seaweed" type and interspersed with large brown spots to destroy the image. The scout is armed with a PPS-43 submachine gun, the best submachine gun of the Second World War, the German MP-40 was not lying around.
PPS-43 is lighter and cheaper than PPSh-41, which to some extent began to be replaced by the latter during the last two years of the war. The box magazine was much more convenient and simpler than the complex round PPSh drum. Three spare magazines in a simple flap bag with wooden buttons.
1940 model knife, 1940 model helmet; lace-up lend-lease boots.

Large military stocks of food, weapons and clothing, located in the border military districts, fell into the hands of the enemy or surrounded. Red Army soldier, infantry 1941-43. The resources of uniforms for replenishment turned out to be significantly reduced, in connection with which, on July 13, 1941, it was decided to temporarily replace the cap with a cap, and the overcoat with a wadded jacket or quilted jacket for the period of training conscripts in spare parts. By the end of the sixth week of the war, the vulnerability of the command personnel (primarily the command personnel) and the generals at the front became obvious, due to their too noticeable differences.

Attention

The commander of a rifle division of the Red Army 40-41 years old Division commander uniforms of the highest quality materials and tailoring. On the cap, a circular cockade was introduced for generals in 1940. Scarlet stripes, jacket sleeve cuffs with piping, colored buttonholes.

Waist belt introduced in 1935.

Summer uniforms of the red army for the period 1940-1943:

The cut, the design of the pockets could vary. Wartime overalls were made black. Armored troops uniform 1935 Lieutenant marching uniform Armored troops 1938-41 In winter they used insulated overalls on sheepskin, but more often they wore ordinary summer ones over a quilted jacket and trousers. Black leather gloves with phages were sewn with five-fingered and three-fingered ones, winter gloves - on a sheepskin lining.
Red Army tanker in a double-breasted leather jacket on the left, on the right in a double-breasted jackets-jacket. Leather jacket arr. 1929 of the auto-armored troops of the Red Army Over the jackets, equipment belts were worn; in combat conditions and during maneuvers, they always wore a gas mask bag.

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Changes and innovations were carried out on the basis of the experience gained from the Winter War with Finland in 1939-40, which gave impetus to a number of changes. Military uniform of the Soviet Red Army 1941-1943 photo. From the entire order were promulgated: the transition to a single color of uniforms, the introduction of new, more popular and common fabrics and the gradual introduction of beautiful ceremonial-weekend uniforms in combat units. The supply standards established for peacetime and wartime were not subject to publicity.

According to these norms, the uniforms that were to be accumulated by the beginning of the mobilization deployment of the army consisted of: khaki caps (in winter - a cap with earflaps of 1940 up to 40, and in the winter of 41.

Oh, msbro!

Senior Lieutenant, Air Force, 1943-45 Pilot of naval aviation, 1943-45 Guard lieutenant of the Navy, 1944-45 Krasnoflotets, Navy, 1943-45 Pilot, air force, 1943-45 Red Army soldier, orderly, 1943-44 Lieutenant of Justice in everyday uniform, military legal service, 1943-45 Major of State Security in full dress, NKVD, 1943-45 Lieutenant in full dress, NKVD border troops, 1943-45 Colonel in full dress, internal troops of the NKVD, 1943-45 Lieutenant General in full dress, 1945 Lieutenant General of Aviation in dress uniform, 1945 Guard Junior Sergeant, infantry, 1945 Rear Admiral in dress uniform, 1945 Senior Lieutenant of the Aviation Engineering Service in dress uniform, Navy, 1945 Vice-sergeant in full dress, Suvorov military school, 1945 Marshal of the Soviet Union in everyday uniform 1943-45.
POLEVYKH - by servicemen in the Army in the field and personnel of units prepared for sending to the front, EVERYDAY - by servicemen of other units and institutions of the Red Army, as well as when wearing a dress uniform.

• The entire composition of the Red Army should switch to new insignia - shoulder straps from February 1 to February 15, 1943.
• Make changes to the uniform of the Red Army personnel according to the description.
• Introduce the "Rules for wearing uniforms by the personnel of the Red Army."
• Allow the wearing of the existing uniform with new insignia until the next issue of the uniform, in accordance with the current terms and norms of supply.
• Unit commanders and chiefs of garrisons strictly monitor the observance of uniforms and the correct wearing of new insignia.
People's Commissar of Defense I. STALIN.

Women's military uniform 1941 1945

SUMMER GYMNASTER FOR THE TEAM AND LEADERSHIP OF THE RED ARMY: Introduced by order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR No. 005 of February 1, 1941. The summer tunic is made of khaki cotton with a turn-down collar fastened with one hook. At the ends of the collar, buttonholes are sewn in a khaki color with insignia. The tunic has a chest strap with a three-button closure and two chest pockets with flaps on one button. The sleeves have two-button cuffs. The buttons of the tunic are metal of the established pattern. Canceled by order of the USSR People's Commissar of Defense No. 25 dated January 15, 1943. The entire composition of the Red Army should switch to new insignia - shoulder straps from February 1 to February 15, 1943.

- SUMMER GYMNASTER FOR THE TEAM AND LEADERSHIP OF THE RED ARMY: Introduced by order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR No. 005 dated February 1, 1941.

The summer tunic is made of khaki cotton with a turn-down collar fastened with one hook. At the ends of the collar, buttonholes are sewn in a khaki color with insignia.

The tunic has a chest strap with a three-button closure and two chest pockets with flaps on one button. The sleeves have two-button cuffs. The buttons of the tunic are metal of the established pattern.

- SHAROVARS OF THE COMMAND AND LEADERSHIP OF THE RED ARMY: Introduced by order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR No. 005 dated February 1, 1941.

The harem pants of the existing design without edging. Summer trousers are made of khaki cotton fabric, and winter trousers are made of semi-woolen fabric of the same color. Harem pants consist of two front and two back halves, have two side welt pockets and one back pocket, a belt tightener in the back and a strip at the bottom. The harem pants are fastened with five buttons and one hook.

- SHIRTS OF THE PRINCIPAL AND JUNIOR LEADERSHIP OF THE RKKA: Introduced by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR No. 190 dated July 19, 1929.

Summer shirt of the 1928 model for the ground and air forces of the Red Army. The shirt is made of cotton fabric (tunic), dark khaki, with a turn-down collar, fastened in the middle with one metal hook and having buttonholes at the ends, in the form of a parallelogram, the color of the army assigned; on the buttonholes there are position insignia and the established encryption. The shirt is fastened with three buttons, parallel to which there are two patch pockets on the chest, covered with flaps fastened with one button. The sleeves end with cuffs fastened with two buttons, and at the place of sewing to the cuffs, the sleeves have two folds, which are 7 - 8 cm from one another. Letrubakhi are made in six heights.

Cloth shirt RKKA arr. 1928 for the ground and air forces of the Red Army. The shirt is made of khaki-colored cloth of merino or coarse wool with a stand-up collar, fastened in the middle with two metal hooks and has buttonholes at the ends, in the form of a parallelogram, with sides 8 cm X 3.5 cm of the color assigned to the army; on the buttonholes there are position insignia and the established encryption. The shirt is fastened with three buttons, parallel to which there are two patch pockets on the chest, covered with flaps fastened with one button. The sleeves end with double-button cuffs.

Note. Buttons on the shirt must be metal, oxidized, small size with a star, the sample established by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR in 1924 No. 992.

Summer shirt with elbow pads, model 1931 for all branches of the military. Lethubakha [type A] is made of a khaki-colored tunic (cotton) diagonal with two patch chest pockets, covered with flaps, with a turn-down collar, fastened with one uniform button, and sleeves with cuffs. The waist of the shirt is sewn from the sides and at the shoulders from two parts: front and back. The front of the waist from the neck to the bottom of the pockets has a slit covered with slats. The planks are located in the middle of the mill and are fastened with one button per loop of a piece of fabric sewn from the inside of the upper placket. The upper ends of the straps at the collar itself are fastened with one small shaped button sewn at the top of the lower strap on the through cross loop of the upper strap. The collar has no hooks and, under certain conditions, provided for by wearing the form, it can be opened with the top button unbuttoned. The cuff sewing sleeves have two folds. There are overhead elbow pads on the back of the sleeves over the elbow seam. On both sides of the collar, edged buttonholes are sewn in the color of the cloth assigned to the army. Buttonholes have the form of a parallelogram with a finished length of 8 cm and a width of 3.25 cm, including the edging. The cross ends of the buttonholes should be parallel to the bevel of the front ends of the collar. On the collar tabs there are installed metal insignia for positions and badges in accordance with the established encryption. […]

Basically, a type B summer shirt [...] differs from a type A summer shirt in that a type B summer shirt has an elongated bar in all heights by 4 cm; hook and loop for fastening the collar and three loop-through loops on the top bar […]. Three small general army buttons are sewn onto the lower bar in the places corresponding to the loops. A hook is sewn into the right end of the collar, and a loop is sewn into the left end.

Woolen shirt with slit pockets, model 1931 for all types of troops. The woolen shirt consists of the following parts: the front part, in the middle has a bar fastened with three through loops on three metal buttons with a Red Army star, a back, a stand-up collar fastened in the middle with two metal hooks, two flaps of chest pockets fastened to a Red Army shirt with a button, sleeves without folds at the bottom with cuffs, fastened with two loops on two Red Army buttons. Flaps welt inner pockets.

Canceled by order of the USSR People's Commissar of Defense No. 25 dated January 15, 1943. The entire composition of the Red Army should switch to new insignia - shoulder straps from February 1 to February 15, 1943. Allow the wearing of the existing uniform with new insignia until the next issue of uniforms in accordance with the current terms and supply standards.

№1 - Private in gymnastics. 1941; №2 - Private in gymnastics. 1942; №3 №4 -St. a lieutenant in a tunic with everyday insignia; №5 -Officer in a tunic with field insignia; №6 -Illustration of an officer's gymnast from 1940-43

Summer uniforms of the Red Army for the period 1943-1945.

- GYMNASTERS: A new type of gymnasts was introduced by order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR No. 25 dated January 15, 1943.

They represented the same tunic of the existing model with the following changes:

The collars of the tunics of all models instead of the turn-down ones are upright, soft, fastened with through loops in the front with two small shaped buttons.

The top placket is located in the middle and fastens with three small shaped buttons with through loops.

Shoulder straps of the established pattern are fastened on the shoulders.

The sleeve insignia (officer's sleeve triangles) from the tunic are canceled.

Gymnastics of the commanding staff, instead of patch pockets, have welt (internal) pockets covered with valves. Without elbow pads.

Uniforms for privates and sergeants - no pockets. With elbow pads - ().

On August 5, 1944, welt chest pockets were introduced on the tunics of women of the enlisted and non-commissioned officers.

On September 16, 1944, sergeants and Red Army men were also officially allowed to have breast welt pockets, but only if they received an officer's uniform that was unfit to wear after putting it in order. Throughout 1943, one could come across old-style gymnasts with a turn-down collar, which were allowed to wear until new uniforms were issued.

№1 - Private in soldier's gymnastics (left private in officer's shirt) 1944; №2 -Two sergeants. On the left - in a soldier's gymnast, on the right - in an officer's; №3 -Illustration of soldier gymnasts arr. 1943; №4 -Soviet and American officers during a meeting on the Elbe; №5 -Sergeant in an officer's tunic; №6 -Illustration of officer's gymnasts arr. 1943 g.

- DRESS JACKET: Senior and middle command and command personnel of all branches of the military

The uniform is single-breasted, with a detachable bodice, fastens with the left side with five large buttons. The collar is rigid, upright, fastened with two or three hooks and loops. Piping trims the top and ends of the collar. On the collar of the uniform, at an equal distance from its upper and lower edges and 1 cm from the ends, buttonholes (without edging) are sewn from instrument cloth (color according to the type of troops) 8.2 cm long and 2.7 cm wide. the established form has one or two strips embroidered with gold or silver thread, intertwined with silver or gold thread: strips 5.4 cm long and 6.5 mm wide with a gap between them 0.5-1 mm. The sleeves of the uniform are double-hemmed, with straight stitching cuffs, edged at the top and ends. On the cuffs of the sleeves, in accordance with the established form, there are two or one vertical buttonholes (columns) embroidered with gold or silver. Leaves are sewn on the back toe, at the ends of which one large button is sewn. Edging along the edge of the left side, collar, leaflet and cuffs, color - according to the type of troops. All buttons are shaped, brass.

The color of the edging for infantry, quartermaster and military-legal services is crimson, for artillery, auto-armored forces, medical and veterinary services - red, for aviation - blue, for cavalry - light blue, and for engineering troops - black.

The color of the buttonholes for infantry, quartermaster and military legal services is crimson, for artillery and armored vehicles - black, for aviation - blue, for cavalry - light blue, for medical and veterinary services - dark green and for engineering troops - black. The color of sewing on buttonholes for the quartermaster, military-legal, medical and veterinary services is silver, for everyone else it is gold. Attached shoulder straps of the established pattern.

№1 -Lieutenant-artilleryman in ceremonial uniform; №2 - Servicemen of the 150th Idritskaya SD in front of their assault flag, hoisted on May 1, 1945 over the Reichstag building in Berlin (Banner of Victory). In the photo, participants in the storming of the Reichstag, seeing off the flag to Moscow from the Berlin Tempelhof airfield on June 20, 1945 (from left to right): Captain K.Ya. Samsonov, junior sergeant M.V. Kantaria, Sergeant M.A. Egorov, senior sergeant M.Ya. Soyanov, captain S.A. Neustroev (06/20/1945); №3 -Illustration of the ceremonial uniform arr. 1943 g.

Literature / Documents:

• Types of fabrics used for sewing Red Army uniforms (article, composition, color, application). ()
• Rules for wearing uniforms by personnel of the red army of January 15, 1943. (download / open)
• Typical list of clothing items of junior commanding officers and rank-and-file personnel of the Red Army for summer and winter for peacetime and wartime. Introduced by order of the NKO of the USSR No. 005 dated February 1, 1941. ()

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Back in the summer months of 1941, preparations were launched to provide the personnel of the Red Army with warm clothes for the winter. The main warm things, first of all, fur coats and felt boots, were sought in various pre-war warehouses, collected as an aid to the army from the population, and were produced at an accelerated pace by industry with tolerances in the direction of simplification and reduction in cost. As a result, the active army was completely satisfied with warm things. Which led to some variety in color and cut of the form in the winter of 1941/1942.

Air Force pilot 1943-45, senior sergeant, Don cavalry units 1943

By the way, the German industry could not provide its army with winter uniforms, and it is not necessary to say that the blitzkrieg, assumed the capture of Moscow before winter, it was already clear in the fall that it didn’t smell like blitzkrieg. And the capture of Moscow did not mean the end of the war, nor did they go to the tropics, so somewhere the German quartermasters were underworked, therefore, during the winter hostilities, the Wehrmacht's losses from frostbite exceeded the number of combat losses.

The composition of the rear units and institutions, motor transport units of combat formations, as well as drivers of all branches of the military, instead of an overcoat, began to be given a double-breasted wadded jacket. The great tension with the provision of clothing was due to the decline in the output of light industry products, some of whose enterprises had not yet established production in the evacuation, and those who remained in the field were experiencing difficulties with raw materials, energy and labor. For those who like to argue whose uniform or whose tanks and aircraft are the best, and so on, the answer is simple.

Transfer of a very large the number of defense enterprises beyond the Urals, and their launch into the technological cycle in such a tight time frame. Has no analogues in history, just in such volumes and over such distances, no one has ever transferred the industry, and is unlikely to transfer it in the future, the largest industrial migration. So just for this feat, the rear officials need to build a huge, enormous monument. By the way, German industry was completely transferred to a war footing only in 1943, and before that, only 25% went to military needs of the total.

For the same reason, the project on the introduction of new insignia, prepared for May 1942, was postponed, which assumed by October 1, 1942 to provide the entire Red Army with shoulder straps.

Pilot of naval aviation 1943-45, tankman winter uniform 1942-44

And only in 1943, the order of January 15, People's Commissar of Defense I. Stalin No. 25 "On the introduction of new insignia and changes in the uniform of the Red Army" introduced new insignia, Military uniform of the Soviet red army 1943-1945, and here is the order for changes.
I ORDER:

1. Establish the wearing of shoulder straps: FIELD - by servicemen in the Army in the field and personnel of units prepared for sending to the front, EVERYDAY - by servicemen of other units and institutions of the Red Army, as well as when wearing a dress uniform.
2. The entire composition of the Red Army should switch to new insignia - shoulder straps from February 1 to February 15, 1943.
3. Make changes to the uniform of the Red Army personnel according to the description.
4. Introduce the "Rules for wearing uniforms by personnel of the Red Army".
5. Allow the wearing of the existing uniform with new insignia until the next issue of the uniform, in accordance with the current terms and norms of supply.
6. Unit commanders and chiefs of garrisons strictly monitor the observance of uniforms and the correct wearing of new insignia.

People's Commissar of Defense I. STALIN.

And how many small changes and nuances that followed, with the introduction of a new form, let us take, for example, gymnastics. For the gymnasts of the existing model, the following changes are introduced: The collars of the tunics of all models instead of the turn-down ones - standing, soft, fastened with through loops in the front on two small shaped buttons. Shoulder straps of the established pattern are fastened on the shoulders. The sleeve insignia of the tunic are canceled.

Red Army infantryman and lieutenant 1943-45

Infantryman of the Red Army in the second half of the war. M1940 helmet olive green, 1943 tunic has a stand-up collar, no chest pockets, on the left the medal for "Defense of Stalingrad" was instituted on December 22, 1942. The difference in shade between the elements of clothing is not significant; Manufacturing tolerances and a large number of manufacturing facilities have resulted in a wide range of khaki, or as it is called, a security color. A flask with water of glass design, bags for F-1 and PPSh-41 grenades with a drum magazine. On the back there is a simple cotton backpack or duffel bag.
Lieutenant. The cap has a crimson edging, like the cuffs of the shirt. Gymnast from 1943 with flap inside pockets, still wears blue breeches. With two teeth, the belt buckle was carried in 1943, in a Tokarev or TT holster, behind the belt a rocket launcher.

Red Army. 1943 Infantry Standard Field Uniform

Gymnastics of the commanding staff, instead of patch pockets, have welt (internal) pockets covered with valves. Uniforms for privates and sergeants - no pockets. On August 5, 1944, welt chest pockets were introduced on the tunics of women of the enlisted and non-commissioned officers.

Red Army, medical staff uniform, 1943

Most of the medical staff were women. Navy blue berets and skirts have been part of the dress uniform for the Red Army since the pre-war days, khakis were assigned in May and August 1942, but most women wore standard male uniforms, or wore mixed clothing that was more comfortable.

76 women were awarded the title "Hero of the Soviet Union", many of them posthumously. From September 16, 1944, sergeants and Red Army soldiers were also officially allowed to have breast welt pockets, but only if they received an unwearable officer's uniform after putting it in order.

Major General Land Forces 1943-44

Combinations of forms from different time periods were quite common during the war. A 1935 gymnast with a folding collar, but epaulettes are sewn on, With hand-embroidered khaki lace weaves and silver stars. Khaki cap - widely used by all officers in the second half of the war. This type of commander's bag is supplied under Lend-Lease.

Military uniform of the Soviet red army 1943-1945.

Camouflage clothing.

Camouflage clothing, Red Army 1943-1945

A large number of different colors of camouflage were produced during the war, and were used mainly by snipers, scouts, and mountain troops. Camouflages are loose-fitting to be worn over any combination of uniform and equipment, with large hoods to cover the helmet.
From left to right. The most common camouflage is two-piece, but there were also one-piece overalls. The colors are varied, brown, black or dark green on a pale olive green background. Further, the simplest form of camouflage: garlands of grass, wrapping the body, equipment and weapons to break up the image of their visual structure.
The next one. Towards the end of the war, an alternative type of suit was produced - although not in the same quantities. It was olive green, with lots of small loops all over the surface to hold the tufts of grass. And the last type of robe was used by the troops during the Winter War with Finland in 1939-40. and much more widely during the Great Patriotic War.
Some photos from that time show that some overalls were reversible, but it is not clear when this was introduced or how widely it was used.

Scout of the Red Army, 1944-45

This camouflage suit, produced during the Great Patriotic War, first appeared in 1944, and it seems that it was not very widespread. The complexity of the pattern: a paler background, a sawtooth pattern of the "seaweed" type and interspersed with large brown spots to destroy the image. The scout is armed with a PPS-43 submachine gun, the best submachine gun of the Second World War, the German MP-40 was not lying around. PPS-43 is lighter and cheaper than PPSh-41, which to some extent began to be replaced by the latter during the last two years of the war. The box magazine was much more convenient and simpler than the complex round PPSh drum. Three spare magazines in a simple flap bag with wooden buttons. 1940 model knife, 1940 model helmet; lace-up lend-lease boots.

Junior lieutenant rifle units, winter uniform, 1944

A fur coat or sheepskin coat was a popular item of winter clothing, produced in both civilian and military versions. Depending on the length, it was used both in the infantry and in mechanized units.

Captain of the border troops of the NKVD, ceremonial uniform of 1945

Officer's dress jacket, double-breasted, fitted skirt. It was introduced in 1943. The version of the border troops differed from other troops of the NKVD, only in green edging and the color of the crown of the cap, the color of the collar buttonholes and cuffs. On the chest "Order of the Red Banner", established in August 1924; medals "For Military Merit" and "For Victory over Germany".
The cap has a cockade in gilded metal, a hand-embroidered V-badge. Blue piping at collar and cuffs. On the chest there is a medal for "For the Defense of Moscow", established on May 1, 1944.

Lieutenant General, full dress uniform 1945

The parade uniform was worn by marshals and generals, commanders of fronts and formations who took part in the parade in honor of the victory over Germany in Moscow on June 24, 1945.

The uniform, introduced in 1943, was not issued until the end of the war.

Sergeant. 1945 ceremonial uniform

A uniform with a standing collar with buttonholes, flaps in the back skirt, scarlet piping on the collar, cuffs and pocket flaps. The uniform was sewn to each according to individual measurements, more than 250 ceremonial generals' uniforms of a new model were sewn, and in total, in the factories, workshops and ateliers of the capital, more than 10 thousand sets of various uniforms for the parade participants were produced in three weeks. In the hands of the standard of the German infantry battalion. On the right side of the chest of the Order of the "Red Star" and "Patriotic War", above the sign "Guard". On the left chest there is a Gold Star "Hero of the Soviet Union", and a block of awards. At the parade, all the fronts and fleets were represented by the participants, the participants must be awarded orders and medals. That is, real selected front-line soldiers took part in the parade.

After passing with the banners and standards of Germany lowered, they were burned along with the platform, and the gloves carrying the banners and standards were also burned.
In February 1946, the people's commissariats of defense and the navy were merged and transformed into a single ministry of the armed forces of the USSR, and the armed forces themselves acquired new names: "Soviet army" and "naval forces".
Since 1946, in fact, work begins on new samples of the form.

Red (Soviet) Army 1941-1945 The uniform of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army (RKKA), which was a collection of items of military uniforms, equipment and insignia, was sharply different from all analogues that existed in the pre-war years. It was a kind of material embodiment of the abolition of the class division of citizens and civil (and then military) ranks, declared by the Soviet government in November 1917. The Bolsheviks believed that in the free army of the new state of workers and peasants they were creating, there could be no external forms that would indicate the power and superiority of some over others. Therefore, following the military ranks and ranks, the entire system of external insignia that existed in the Russian army - stripes, shoulder straps, orders and medals - was abolished. Initially, two forms of appeal were allowed: a citizen and a comrade (citizen, battalion commander, comrade platoon commander, etc.)

but soon “comrade” became the generally accepted form of address. During the formation of the first units and formations of the Red Army, the stocks of uniforms stored in the warehouses of the Russian army demobilized in 1918 were widely used. Therefore, the Red Army men and commanders were dressed in the military shirts of the 1912 model, approved by Tsar Nicholas II, of a khaki color, wide trousers of the same color tucked into boots or windings with boots, as well as caps. They differed from the Russian servicemen and the white armies created during the civil war only by the absence of shoulder straps, a breastplate and a red star on the band of their cap. To develop a new Red Army on April 25, 1918

a special commission was established, which already in December of the same year submitted for approval to the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic (the Revolutionary Military Council is the body that supervised the military development and combat activities of the Red Army during the civil war) a new type of headdress - the famous "budenovka", distinctive signs for command personnel and distinctive signs of the main types of troops They were approved on January 16, 1919 and became a kind of starting point for a fairly long process of creating a uniform that was used during the Great Patriotic War.