Gorokhov ivan lavrentievich. "For kindness keeps the world afloat ..."

DOROSHENKO Ivan Lavrentievich- Chairman of the Talovsky village council, 1938.

Parents are peasants.

Education - 4 grade elementary school in the village of Suranovo. In 1936 he graduated from the regional soviet school in Tomsk.

From May 1921 to February 1931 he worked in his own agriculture.

In 1927 my father died, and as follows from the entry in his autobiography (literally) “In 1927 my father died and I raised five of his children” ( not brothers or sisters, but "his children" ).

From February 1931 to May 1931 he was a collective farmer of the Krasnaya Zarya collective farm in the village of Suranovo, Taiginsky District.

From May 1931 to January 1932 - seller of a general store in the village of Suranovo, Taiginsky district.

From March 1932 to December 1932 he served in the Red Army in a variable composition.

From December 1932 to August 1933 - chairman of the general store in the village of Suranovo, Taiginsky district.

From August 1933 to December 1933 - collective farmer "Krasnaya Zarya"

From December 1933 to January 1936 - chairman of the collective farm "Put Kalinina" in the village of Svetlaya, Taiginsky district. ( participation in dispossession of peasants is revealed )

From November 1936 to December 1937 - instructor of the Taiga regional executive committee.

From December 1937 to March 1938 - Chairman of the Council of Ministers in the village of Botevo, Taiginsky District ( participation in repressions according to Botevsky s / s is revealed )

From March 1938 to April 1939 - Chairman of the Council of Ministers in the village of Talovka, Taiginsky District. Participated in repressions, wrote and signed false certificates-characteristics of peasants in the Taiginsky District of the NKVD (at least two three confirmed facts), participated in arrests and searches (at least two or three confirmed facts).

Since June 1938, a member of the CPSU (b) (Taiginsky RK VKP (b). Recommendations to the party were given:

RUSAKOV M.A.- deputy. Chairman of the Taiga District Executive Committee

Note. In the interrogation protocol ZUNDAN A.D, operative of the Taiginsky RO of the NKVD USTYUZHANTSEV, what ZUNDAN carried out sabotage work on the collective farm aimed at its collapse, of course, relying on a reference-characterization from the Talovsky s / s.

3rd EPISODE.

July 7, 1938 participated in the search of ZUNDAN A.D as an attesting witness. As a rule, the Taiga Chekists always carried such "witnesses" with them, and the whole operation was planned in advance. The witnesses were mainly members of the party, district and village activists, rarely by chance residents of the same settlement or other arrested persons. ( from the experience of my investigation. author's note )

Note: the characteristic was written by the secretary of the Talovsky s / s. P.U. KARPOV

5th EPISODE.

July 19, 1938 participated in the arrest and search BADUN K.A.

REFERENCE

BADUN Konstantin Alekseevich was shot on October 23, 1938 in TOMSK PRISON.

ADDITIONAL MATERIALS:

Paul Ivan Lavrentievich
Major General
Of the Livonian nobles

Has orders: Russian - St. Anna class 1, St. George class 3, St. Vladimir class 3, St. Anna class 4; foreign - Prussian Red Eagle 3 class. and "For Merit"; medal for 1812.

In service: guards fourier 1781 February 13, in L.-Guards. Preobrazhensky regiment; released as a warrant officer in the Kexholm musketeer regiment in 1783 January 1; promoted to second lieutenant in 1786 January 1; in lieutenant in 1788 January 1, with the transfer to the Kiev grenadier regiment; to the captains of 1790 November 19; transferred to the Tauride Grenadier Regiment in 1790 on November 21; from the Tavrichesky regiment, by renaming into captains, transferred to the Seversky Carabinieri Regiment in 1794 January 10; promoted to major in 1796 on November 29; to lieutenant colonel in 1799 October 11; colonel 1800 October 15; transferred to the Novorossiysk Dragoon Regiment 1803 May 21; transferred to the Kargopol Dragoon Regiment 1808 November 5; promoted for distinction to major general in 1812 October 22.

In the campaigns was: 1791, in Moldova; 1794, in the Polish campaign against the rebels, in the battles: May 28 - at Cape Helm; on July 22 and 23 - near Cape Slonim, for which he was promoted to Major; 1805, in New Galicia; 1806 November 14 and 15 - during the blockade of the Turkish cr. Khotina; 1807 February 4 - near Cape Stanislavov, in a battle against the French; 1812 June 16 - in a skirmish near Vilna, in the rearguard against a strong enemy vanguard; October 14 - near the town of Maloyaroslavets; 20 - when meeting an enemy walking along the high road to Vyazma; 22 - near Vyazma, in the attack on enemy columns and their defeat; for the difference in this case was granted by the major general; November 3, 4, 5 and 6 - near Krasnoye, when enemy columns were broken; for the capture of an enemy battery of 4 guns on November 4, awarded the Order of St. George, Art. 3; from November 7 to January 1, 1813 he participated in the pursuit of the enemy to our borders, and in 1813, in Germany, in battles: April 30 - at Bischofswerd; May 7 - near Bautzen; 10 - under Reichenbach; 11 - under Görlitz; for all of the above cases was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir 3 tbsp. and Prussian "For Merit"; upon the opening of the campaign after the armistice, for the affairs of August 27, 28 and 29 and September 1 and 3, he was re-awarded the Order of St. Vladimir 3 tbsp. and Prussian Red Eagle 3 class; October 4, 5, 6 and 7 participated in the general battle near Leipzig; in 1814 he was in business: March 13 - at Ferschampenoise, where he was awarded the Knight of St. Anne class 1, and 18 - at the capture of Paris; in 1815, after the outbreak of war with France, he set out with the 2 brigade of the 1st dragoon division entrusted to him to the border and reached the city of Dresden, and from there he returned back.

Married to the captain's daughter Soloma Yakovlevna Doshitskaya; they have children: son Gustav and daughters Maria and Elena.

As the brigade commander of the 4th dragoon division., By the highest order on October 29, 1827, he was dismissed from service, with a uniform and full pension.

Formulary list for 1818. (Form List Book No. 2, Form 142.)

Russian artist.

A family. Education e

Ivan Lavrentievich Gorokhov was born in 1863 in the Moscow province. From an early age, Ivan was fond of drawing. He loved to walk through the forests and fields and tried, as best he could, to depict animals, birds, plants, natural scenes. Ivan's father was a peasant in the service of a landowner, so he could not do anything to develop the abilities of his son. However, word of a gifted peasant boy quickly spread and reached the local landowner Vladimir von Meck. Having become interested, he acquired several of Ivan's drawings and showed them to the pianist Nikolai Rubinstein, who was visiting him at that time. Rubinstein, who was well versed in art, confirmed that the boy has a talent that, with proper training, can allow him to become a real artist. Von Meck and Rubinstein promised Ivan financial support for admission and training c. So in 1874 Ivan Gorokhov became a volunteer, and in 1880 - a student at the school.

At school, Ivan talked a lot with realist artists -,. Of course, this influenced his professional development. Gorokhov graduated from college in 1886 with a Bolshoi and two small silver medals and the title of class artist. As his thesis, he presented the painting "Convalescent".

Career

However, Gorokhov could not stay in Moscow for long. There were no orders, there was nothing to live on. He also did not have rich patrons, and he himself was from a peasant family and did not have the necessary position in society and financial base. Therefore, Ivan returned to his native village. There he could devote himself to work, but again many difficulties arose. I had to go to Moscow for the necessary materials. Participation in exhibitions (namely, the transportation of paintings) was also expensive. Despite the fact that his paintings were on sale, the first years of the artist and his family were in great need.

Ivan Gorokhov's persistence gradually bore fruit, and from 1893 he became a regular participant. His painting "Peasant Children" was a success at one of the exhibitions of the Itinerants. She was noted in the newspaper as an outstanding work, and the publisher of the Niva magazine offered 50 rubles and a free mailing of the magazine within a year for the right to reproduce this picture (the canvas itself was purchased from the exhibition).

In general, Ivan Lavrent'evich Gorokhov's paintings were mainly genre scenes of peasant life. For example, “Forgotten Sacrum”, “Washed Down”, “In the Hut”, “Children at School”, “Seamstress”, “In the Smithy”, “Ice Carriers”, “Death of the Native Nest”, “Tornadoes. They missed you "," Nest ". In total, Gorokhov wrote about 600 works. Some of Ivan Lavrent'evich's works are also of historical value in the sense that they depict views of the old town of Mozhaisk, its streets, which no longer exist.

From 1905 to 1930, Gorokhov was a teacher at the Mozhaisk Art School.

After the October Revolution, Gorokhov painted portraits, paintings on the theme, etc. However, many works have not survived - they were destroyed by the Nazis during the occupation of Mozhaisk.

Ivan Lavrentievich Gorokhov died in 1934 in Mozhaisk.

The artist, in whose fate Konstantin Makovsky played an "evil genius". But more on that at the end of the post. And first, a short biography as presented by Nikolai Musienko from Mozhaisk, the first (and, it seems, the only) biographer of Gorokhov:

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "At the bedside of a convalescent" 1886
In May 1886, I. Gorokhov successfully completed his studies. He is awarded the title of class artist of painting. And for his graduation work "Convalescent" he received a large silver medal - this award was received then by a few. The young painter did not expect such success: “I took the simplest genre plot - another girl sits on an armchair next to the bed with a recovering girl and reads a book to her. The furnishings are bourgeois, with a cat, knitted napkins and so on ... "
Gorokhov showed this picture to Konstantin Egorovich Makovsky, who came to Moscow from St. Petersburg. “He looked at her for a long time, made some comments. I asked him, among other things, whether I should complete my education at the Academy of Arts. To this he strongly objected that there was no point in going there, that I was a fully formed artist and a trip to the academy would be a waste of time for me. Then we went with him to the Sukharevsky market; according to him, rare things sometimes happen on Sukharevka. I bought some ivory figurine there, but did not agree on the price. Then he invited me to go with him to the Petrovsky Park to a country restaurant ... At parting he gave me one hundred rubles for the sketches of the interiors of the Terem Palace and the Faceted Chamber made for his historical paintings. "

Mature years

Life in Moscow demanded large expenses, and Ivan Lavrentyevich, after graduating from college, chose to return to his native village. Moreover, it was there that there was an inexhaustible source of plots - the life of the peasants, which he knew well. A corner of a peasant's yard, a tired laundress on the shore, mournful figures of fire victims near their wretched belongings, an old woman who feeds chickens, a feast day in the village, swimming in the Moscow River - all this was skillfully conveyed by the painter's brush. But especially often cute children's faces appeared in his paintings.

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Portrait of a Girl" 1892

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "At the samovar"

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Soap Bubbles"

“Once I had to go into the hut of the old man Ilya Yakovlev in the village of Beli,” the artist wrote. Even the tiny window is covered with straw. When I entered the hut, at first I could not distinguish anything. But as soon as I got used to the poor lighting, I was presented with a beautiful sight. Two pairs of cute children's eyes were looking at me from the shelves. The girls were reclining on pillows, not in the least embarrassed by the arrival of a stranger. Looking closer, I saw the third head, sunk in the pillow, apparently sleeping. I "rented" this entire charming corner from the owner for three days in order to work without hindrances, having paid five rubles from my last money for it. " The result - the painting "Nest", which was exhibited at the exhibition of the Moscow Society of Art Lovers at the end of 1895 and received good reviews.

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Sketch for the painting" Boys ""

Two years earlier, one of the works of I. Gorokhov - "Peasant Children" - was accepted for display at the XXI traveling exhibition. “I must say,” the artist notes, “that all the leading figures of Russian art took part in these exhibitions at that time, and getting there as an exhibitor was flattering, but not easy. Despite this, my little thing was not only accepted and soon bought from the exhibition, but newspaper critics noted it as a talented and outstanding thing in technique, and the publisher of the Niva magazine A.F. Marx offered me 50 rubles in writing and a free mailing of a magazine with all attachments for the right to reproduce it for a year. "

Visitors to the XXIII traveling exhibition drew attention to the painting by I. Gorokhov "Around the World". The artist depicted little beggars: a boy and a girl are wandering somewhere through a snowstorm, and pitiful rags are not able to protect them from the cold. This small canvas did not leave anyone indifferent.

As you can see, the recognition of the artist's contemporaries did not pass. And yet it was not only the thirst for fame that made Ivan Lavrentievich work, not sparing himself. First of all, he needed to somehow make ends meet - the family grew, and the conditions for creativity were not the best. “In the eight-yard hut, where there was a kitchen, a dining room, and a nursery, it was almost impossible to do art. As a result, I painted sketches or small pictures in the open air or in someone's hut entirely from nature ... In addition, I wasted a lot of time on housekeeping: in the summer I prepared hay for two cows, vegetables for the winter, and so on. Artistic work moved forward very slowly. " In such a situation, it was a great help when patrons bought something. Thus, Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov acquired the drawing "Sewing" from Gorokhov and included it in the exposition of his famous gallery.

In 1897, a great misfortune happened: a fire destroyed almost the entire village of Beli, including the Gorokhovs' hut. It was possible to save only an insignificant part of the property and the paintings that were being prepared for the next exhibitions. The artist and his large family moved to Mozhaisk, where they bought a house in installments.
Need continues to knock at the door persistently: "I was forced to paint such pictures that would be liked by the bourgeois public and were suitable for decorating living rooms ... This made me unbearably hard, bitter, insulting." And yet Gorokhov does not leave his favorite topic - the life of the common people. Draws scenes that he saw at the city bazaar, in the smithy, in the workshops of artisans. Often on his canvases of that time, fires blaze as a memory of the experience of the death of his native nest.

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "The death of the native nest"

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Burning out"

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "The tomboy got a mess"

In 1903, Ivan Lavrent'evich bought a chicken hut that was being sold in a suburban village for demolition, put it on a plot near his house, filled it with peasant utensils and turned it into a kind of workshop. Here he often brought sitters - village children, men and women ...

last years of life

At this, the artist's notes were interrupted. What happened next? It is known that in 1905 I.L. Gorokhov enters the Mozhaisk city real school as a teacher of graphic arts. The pedagogical work, which Ivan Lavrentievich was engaged in until 1930, required a lot of mental strength and time, but he also cut out hours for artistic creation.

In Soviet times, several portraits of V.I. Lenin, portrait of the People's Commissar of Education A.V. Lunacharsky, landscapes of his native Moscow region, still lifes. His summer trip to the Crimea also belongs to this period, where he paints views of Feodosia, tries his hand as a marine painter.

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Surf. Feodosia"

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "On a hot July day"

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Swimming in the river"

He also makes sketches for a large painting about the Civil War, but this plan remained unfulfilled - on October 6, 1934, the artist died. Buried Ivan Lavrentievich in Mozhaisk.

Ivan Lavrent'evich was much less fortunate in terms of fame than many of his fellow artists. As a rule, he sold his works directly from exhibitions or art auctions to private collections, and now there is no information about the fate of most of them. Some of the paintings disappeared during the occupation of Mozhaisk by the Nazis. And yet, some of his works were included in museum expositions. Far Eastern Museum of Fine Arts in Khabarovsk, memorial museum-estate of N.A. Nekrasov "Karabikha", Dnepropetrovsk and Tambov art museums - these are just a few addresses where you can see them. Four paintings by I.L. Gorokhov are now in the storerooms of the State Tretyakov Gallery.

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Fair in Mozhaisk" 1916

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Mozhaisk"

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Still life with mushrooms"

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Forgotten sacrum"

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Ice carriers" 1912

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "washed down"

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Apple Bazaar in Mozhaisk"

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "At the bedside of a sick husband" 1903

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Family"

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) “Sunset. Trinity Church "1917

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Buy berries"

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Mermaid" 1912

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Children of the Artist"

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "In the meadow"

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Peasant" 1902

Gorokhov Ivan Lavrentievich (Russia, 1863-1934) "Butterflies are caught"

Let's go back to the aforementioned diary album, where the artist captured his meeting with Konstantin Makovsky. The meeting, of course, influenced the fate of the peasant painter. “He looked at her for a long time, made some comments. I asked him, among other things, if I should complete my education at the Academy of Arts. To this he resolutely objected that it makes no sense for me to go there, that I am a fully formed artist and a trip to the Academy would be a waste of time for me. "

Then, apparently, having resolved the main issue of this meeting, Makovsky invited Gorokhov to accompany him on a walk to the Sukharevsky market, where Makovsky intended to look for "rare things". Taken "for the company" Gorokhov watched how the famous artist was bargaining for some ivory statuette for a long time, but he never bought it, not agreeing on the price. After that, Gorokhov recalls, "he invited me to go with him to Petrovsky Park to a country restaurant ... At parting he gave me a hundred rubles for the sketch-interiors of the Terem Palace and the Faceted Chamber made for his historical paintings."

Hardly the mentioned "sketches" were made during this very trip; This means that they were not the first to meet with a visit to Sukharevka. So, having previously received the order, Gorokhov fulfilled it and now, at this meeting, he received a payment: "one hundred rubles." Judging by the scanty sum, Makovsky, in passing, without extra costs, solved his problems, and Gorokhov, being in poverty, did not shun a penny ... "

If Makovsky did not drop the phrase about the sufficiency of training, who knows, maybe Gorokhov's paintings could now be at the same price level with the paintings of Makovsky himself on auction sites ...

(1965-06-08 ) (55 years) A place of death Affiliation

the USSR 22x20px the USSR

Type of army Years of service Rank

: incorrect or missing image

Part Commanded