Who gives what voice? “Talkative like a fish” - do fish have a voice? III. Preparing to master new knowledge
Chatty like...a fish?
The fact that the well-known expression “dumb as a fish” does not correspond to reality began to be suspected even during the Second World War. Moreover, the first to make this guess were not ichthyologists, but naval hydroacoustics. They can quack, cackle, croak, chirp, squeak and knock. Some fish "screamed" so loudly that they even set off acoustic mine fuses!
It has now been established that more than a thousand fish make sounds. They don't have vocal cords. Therefore, most often they cast their voices using their swim bladder. In addition, fish make sounds using teeth, gill covers, fins, spines, notches, and bone joints.
As for the power of sound. That is, among the fish there are “whisperers” whose voices are barely audible. And there are “bawlers”. It was their screams that caused the mines to explode. By the number of “words” in the language of fish, one can judge their psychological abilities. Pronounced schooling fish have the smallest vocabulary. And the largest vocabulary is found in fish that live in pairs and build nests. Their life is complex, varied and requires a lot of “words”. According to ichthyologists, paired fish are the most developed among their relatives and therefore the most talkative.
Sages of the underwater world.
All fishermen know that Neptune's subjects are smart in their own way.
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For example, some fish will never bite, no matter how cleverly the hook is disguised. Australian farmer Karl Luger decided to find out which of them was smarter. On a fast-flowing river, he built a small pool, in which he began experiments, one by one introducing various types of fish into it and trying to teach them to perform fairly simple actions. Pike and catfish showed good mental abilities. But trout came out on top by a wide margin. 
She turned out to be the only one who can be trained well. The trout quickly grasped what was required of them and, to get the worm, learned to jump through a hoop, dive into a jug, and even head a plastic ball into a goal. Karl gave names to the two most brilliant fish: one he called the Football Player, because she managed to score goals more often than others, and the second - Helmut Kohl. The experimenter does not specify why.
Mutually beneficial cooperation
In the Red Sea, the most ferocious predator is the giant moray eel. Its mouth is lined with three dozen sharp teeth, and its serpentine body is more than 3 meters long. She fearlessly attacks even large fish, tearing out pieces of meat from the body of the victim, and when there is no prey, she bites off the tails of her relatives. When a moray eel appears, all the inhabitants of the underwater kingdom rush to get away from the sea tiger, as local fishermen nicknamed this predator.
The second hero of this story is sea bass, a large predatory fish.
Imagine the surprise of the Swiss biologist Professor Redouane Bshari when, while watching the perches, he witnessed an unusual scene:
“When I first saw the perch shake its head in front of the moray eel’s face, I thought that two predators were about to fight each other,” he says. “So I was very surprised when they sailed off together, sticking close to each other like good friends on a walk.”
It turned out that perches often visit giant moray eels in their coral shelters, shaking their heads about 2.5 cm from them, making 3-6 horizontal vibrations per second, thereby inviting them to hunt together. Sometimes such an invitation comes after the prey of the perch has escaped and disappeared into the reefs, where only a moray eel can overtake it. In general, perch carries out such conscious “recruitment” only when it is very hungry. 
If the sea tiger agrees to cooperate, then he simply gets out of his hole, and the perch leads him to the crack where the prey is hidden, and with the same shake of his head he points to the place. Scientists did not notice any response signals from the moray eel. It is curious that in such cases the giant moray eel does not always eat the fish itself, which it caught with the help of a perch: from time to time it gives it to its comrade. Unfortunately, hunters cannot divide the prey equally, since they swallow the prey whole.
Scientists have never seen a giant moray eel call a perch on its own. The initiative to hunt together does not always come from her.
(S. Demkin “Neptune’s Subjects” ChiP 11/2009, internet photo) 
Pisces are mathematicians.
Italian scientists continue to study the mathematical abilities of animals, this time the object of their study was the Gambusia fish. A group of scientists from the University of Padua, led by Cristiane Agrillo, conducted an experiment taking advantage of an interesting feature of mosquito fish - these fish are extremely social and love to be surrounded by as many fish of their species as possible. Biologists decided to teach fish to determine which of the proposed doors hides the largest number of “relatives.”
The fish were offered a choice of doors on which geometric shapes were depicted. To begin with, scientists used from 1 to 10 figures, later the count went to hundreds. At first, the fish were very surprised by what was happening, but over time they showed amazing abilities - they showed that they could “by eye” determine which door had more figures on it. Of course, fish cannot count all the figures down to one; if they are offered doors with a small ratio of the number of figures, then the fish begin to make mistakes more often. So they confidently indicated the difference between the ratios 1 to 2 (100 versus 200 figures), 2 to 3 (60 and 90 figures), but the ratio 3 to 4 (90 and 120) became an insoluble problem for the fish.
To complete the experiment, scientists also conducted a study on people - 25 students volunteered and were asked to choose a sign with a large number of figures in just 2 seconds. People, of course, turned out to be more accurate than fish, but they also experienced an increase in errors at the moment of transition from the 2:3 to 3:4 ratio.
Fish training is now a whole industry. In the States, fish are drawn in zigzags, in Japan they walk in formation. True, why is a mystery.
The St. Petersburg Oceanarium assures that any fish can be trained, even aquarium fish. This, of course, does not mean that they will recognize you by sight and love you. But with a successful set of circumstances, even guppies can be taught to play football.
A few more interesting facts about fish.
Australian Matt Waller organizes underwater tours for those who like to watch sharks. Traditionally, he used fish to lure predators, but recently he accidentally discovered that sharks were attracted to the music of the rock band AC/DC. Presumably, sharks respond to low-frequency vibrations since they do not have ears.
Shooting shrimp have special devices on their claws that allow them to make a loud click. The sound power - 218 decibels - puts them on a par with roaring whales. Shrimp use this ability to hunt - a sound of such power can kill small fish nearby.
One of the most unusual fish is the seahorse. Firstly, it doesn’t look like a fish. Secondly, it floats vertically. Thirdly, the offspring of seahorses are carried by the male, not the female. There is a special pocket on the male’s body where the female throws her eggs. This brood chamber is abundantly supplied with blood and plays the role of the uterus. The “birth” is sometimes so difficult that the skates die from exhaustion. 
Colonizers and missionaries of South America met the capybara animal in the 16th century - a rodent leading a semi-aquatic lifestyle. They asked the Pope to declare the capybara a fish so that its meat could be eaten during fasting, to which he kindly gave his consent.
To cleanse their stomach, some species of sharks sometimes turn it inside out through their mouth. At the same time, they manage not to damage the stomach with their teeth.
The bones of the gar fish are unusually green.
The candlefish, which lives in the waters of the Pacific Ocean, got its name because it has an exceptionally high fat content. The Indians of North America, in addition to eating this fish, dried it, threaded a wick through it and burned it like an ordinary candle.
Cleaner fish live in families of 6-8 individuals - a male and a “harem” of females. When the male dies, the strongest female begins to change and gradually turns into a male.
This video shows the strangest creatures of our planet, and the vast majority of them are inhabitants of the underwater world.
Sections: Corrective pedagogy
Class: 3
- clarify and expand children’s ideas about domestic animals and their cubs (appearance, food, benefits brought to people); about how a person cares for domestic animals; improve the ability to describe an object, indicate its essential features, recognize an object by description;
- correct the syntactic structure of speech through composing a descriptive story, expand children’s active vocabulary, develop the ability to see signs of similarities and differences based on comparison;
- cultivate a desire to explore the world around us, and a caring attitude towards animals.
Demonstration material. Pictures depicting domestic animals (cow, cat, dog, horse, goat, pig) and their cubs.
Handout. A picture with an outline image of a pet, cut into 5-6 parts.
Lesson type: formation and consolidation of knowledge.
During the classes
I. Organizational moment
One two three four five.
The bell rang again.
The change has flown by
It's time for us to get to work again!
We are starting the lesson
Where we will get knowledge for future use.
II. Updating basic knowledge and ideas
- Game “Find out by description”. Recognizing a subject by keywords
(The teacher puts pictures of domestic animals on the board.)
- Game “Who gives what voice?”
- How does a cow sound? (Moos)
- Dog. (Barks)
- Horse. (laughs)
- Goat . (bleats)
- Pig . (Grunts)
(Students imitate the sounds made by animals in chorus)
III. Preparing to master new knowledge
- Conversation “Pets”
IV. Learning new material
- Topic message
For me, the stable is home.
Treat me to some oats!
The mane curls behind his back,
You can't keep up with me! (Horse)
(The teacher demonstrates the toy.)
- Conversation on teacher issues
- Tell me what body parts a horse has.
- What is the animal's body covered with?
- What kind of hair does a horse have? What colour?
- How does he voice?
- What benefits does it bring to a person?
- How does a person care for an animal?
- Collective writing of a descriptive story
The picture shows a horse with a foal. The horse is large, brown, the mane and tail are black. The eyes are also black, large, and affectionate. The legs are slender brown, and the bottom of the hooves are white. The foal is the same as its mother, only it is small and its mane has not yet grown.
The horse and foal live in a stable and are looked after by a groom. He feeds them, waters them, washes them so that the horse does not stumble when walking and does not slip on the ice, people shoe it, i.e. iron horseshoes are attached to her hooves.
Horses do any kind of work in the village: they carry milk, firewood, and various loads. Horses are pets and helpers on the farm. The owner takes care of them: feeds them with hay, gives them fresh water, washes and cleans the stable and the horse.
– Where else are horses used?
Horses are used in sports, in the army (to go into battle or to a military parade). The horse is a very beautiful, strong animal.
“Good horse”
Once upon a time there was a beautiful horse,
A good horse, a strong horse.
He was young and healthy
He transported mountains of firewood.
Whether it's raining or windy, it doesn't matter
He was taking grain to the mill.
Worked in the spring too
He took himself a day off.
He put the guys in the cart, all of them, all of them.
And until I'm tired
A strong horse, a fast horse,
I drove the children around the steppe
Good horse, beautiful horse.
A. Allanazarova
Game “Fold the picture”
Each child has a picture with an outline image of a pet, cut into 5-6 parts.
V. Physical education lesson “Who moves how?”
A horse, a cow, a goat, a sheep walk; the cat is sneaking; the dog is running.
(Children imitate the movements of animals.)
VI. Consolidation of knowledge
- Exercise in the formation of singular and plural nouns “Who has whom”
A cow has a calf and calves.
The dog has a puppy, puppies.
A cat has a kitten, kittens.
The horse has a foal, foals.
A goat has a kid, kids.
The pig has a piglet, piglets.
A horse has a nose, a foal has a nose, a horse has a nose (similarly: paws, teeth, tail, eyes).
A horse has a long tail, and a pig….
A cat has soft fur..., and a horse....
A pig has thick legs, and a foal….
VII. Final conversation
VIII. Homework
- Answer the questions, color the picture.
Homework
Who is in the picture?
What is the girl doing?
Who's carrying the girl?
Does the girl like to ride a pony?
Come up with a name for the girl.
Make a sentence based on this picture.
Literature:
- Arefieva L.N. Lexical topics on the development of speech of children 4-8 years old. – M.: TC Sfera, 2004.
- Bortnikova E. F. Developing coherent speech. Notebook. – Ekaterinburg: Litur Publishing House LLC, 2009. – 32 p.
- Kuznetsova E. V., Tikhonova I. A. Development and correction of speech in children 5-6 years old. – Volgograd: Teacher, 2004.
The sound, or rather the neighing of a horse, has probably been heard by everyone, if not live, then in some historical film. However, by the voice that the animal gives, horse breeders and experienced equestrian athletes can immediately understand the emotions or desires of horses. If you also want to learn how to understand a horse's neighing, then don't miss our short review of their sound signals. What sounds does a horse make when moving? Let's talk about this now too.
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Sounds and signals, their decoding
Horses have a lot of sounds in their linguistic arsenal, and just as owners of cats or dogs can recognize the desires of their pets by voice, experienced horsemen can understand their horses. Among the sound signals, a distinction is made between snorting and the actual vibration of the vocal cords or simply the neighing of a horse. The “snorting” is created by the movement of air from the animal’s nostrils and is distinguished by a dull but sharp sound. Thus, by creating a strong vibration inside the nose, the horse clears the passages when it moves and needs more air or eats hay and grass (tickles the nose). However, horses can also snort to express emotions, for example, surprise, dissatisfaction.
When horses get to know each other, they try to smell each other better by exhaling air strongly through their nostrils, which is why they also often snort.
Another very important horse sound is snoring. Horses give it out with a strong push of air through the larynx. Animals emit a slightly muffled, muffled snoring when they are frightened or dissatisfied. Stallions snore especially often, thereby expressing their menacing and strength. Snoring often ends a horse's neighing.
However, the most important sound a horse makes is its whinny. With its help, animals communicate both with each other and with humans. Horses vocalize for different reasons and at the same time change the intensity of the voice, its strength, timbre, duration, and tonality. The horse's different neighs show his emotions and signals, for example, as in the video (unterwein) during a fight. Also very important are other facial gestures of the animal: movements of the eyes, ears, position of the legs, posture, movements of the tail, etc.
By spending a lot of time around horses, you can learn to understand them. Let's look at what voices there are in more detail and what kind of horse neighing means what.
| Sound | MP3 option | Emotion or desire |
| Hooting or quiet short neighing of a horse (the horse speaks without opening his mouth and straining his vocal cords) |
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| Short neigh of a horse |
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| Horse's long neigh |
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| The squeal or strong high-pitched whinny of a horse |
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| Short and low neighing of a horse |
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The clatter of hooves
The clatter of hooves is another variant of the sounds a horse makes. However, if the neighing of a horse depends on his emotions and desires, then the clatter of hooves depends on the pace of movement. The most distinct sound is the clatter of shod hooves on hard ground (asphalt). Unshod hooves on the ground or dirt road do not make any special clattering noise other than a dull thud. Let's figure out which sounds correspond to which gait.
The step is a measured and clear tempo of four beats, when each leg creates its own separate sound when in contact with the surface of the ground - “clack-clack-clack-clack”. The frequency of repetition of hitting the ground depends on the speed of the step, so by the sound you can understand approximately how fast the animal is moving.
Trot is a push-pull rhythm in which the animal alternates its front and hind legs. The pace depends on the type of trot (collected, extended), two hooves are heard.
Gallop is a three-beat rhythm in which three hoof hits are heard, as the animal places three legs on the ground almost simultaneously.
The quarry is an extended gallop, in the sound of which the clear distinction between the individual legs is lost, since the horse moves very quickly.
A particularly unique atmosphere is always created at the hippodrome, when the horses run very quickly and in a group. Of course, in the general clatter of hooves, individual sounds are not distinguished, but in this general noise and roar of horses running past, a certain strength and power is always felt. We suggest you verify this with the next entry.
Video “In harness - the clatter of hooves”
You can also hear the sound of a horse’s hooves clattering along the road at a walk and at a trot from this video - a virtual ride in a carriage from Yana Khromova.
Sorry, there are no surveys available at this time.The shaggy dog barks loudly, the guys whistle in the yard,
The beetle is buzzing overhead, the red heifer is mooing,
The sparrow chirped a song about a hundred worms.
A cat purred in a chair, and a bear roared in the forest.
A frog croaks in the forest, a cuckoo screams at a bitch,
A pig grunts in a puddle; her family has gathered.
The rooster crows, the shepherd blows his pipe.
A cow moos in the meadow, a wolf howls sternly in the ravine,
The white goose cackles, Olenka laughs.
Who has who
The camel has a humpbacked camel.
The gray mouse has a little mouse.
The cat has fluffy kittens,
Squirrels have red squirrels.
The female rabbit has downy bunnies,
The dog has playful puppies,
The cow has a tender calf,
The pig has a cheerful piglet,
The horse has a foal
The goat has a funny kid,
The sheep has curly lambs,
And mom has freckled kids.
Task 4. Didactic game “Name the family.”
He is a cat, she is a cat, the cub(s) are kitten(s).
He is a horse, she is a horse, the baby(s) is a foal, (foals).
Task 5. Didactic game “Who Lives Where”
A cow lives in a cowshed, a pig lives in a pigsty, a horse lives in ... (dog).
Task 6. Didactic game “Guess who it is?”
(The adult asks a riddle, and the child guesses it)
Guards, chews, barks? - ....
Grunts, digs? - ....
Neighing, running, jumping? - ....
Meows, laps, scratches? - ....
Moos, chews, walks? - ....
(Then the child makes similar riddles.)
Task 7. An exercise in understanding the function of suffixes in word formation “Two brothers Ik and Isch.”
There was a house. A cat lived in it. The cat had a mouth, nose, tail, whiskers, eyes. But then one day two brothers came to the cat’s house - one was called Ik, and the other was Isch. Ik was small and affectionate, he turned the house into a little house. And Ish was very big, he turned the house into a home. A cat began to live in the house, and a cat began to live in the house. The cat had a mouth, nose, forehead, tail, antennae, and eyes. And the cat had a mouth, a nose, a forehead, a tail, whiskers and eyes. (Draw the child’s attention to the fact that if ik is heard in a word, it means the object is small, and if ish is heard in the word, it means the object is large.)
Task 8. Select as many actions as possible for the subject: a cat laps, meows, scratches, purrs, caresses, licks... ; a dog guards, barks, bites, guards, rushes, caresses, howls, runs... .
Task 9. Didactic game “Whose tail, whose body, whose head, whose ears?” (formation of possessive adjectives).
The tail (whose?) is a cat's... .
The body (whose?) is that of a cat... .
The head (whose?) is a cat's... .
Task 10. Retell the story.
Cat
(story-description)
The cat has soft, smooth fur and a large fluffy tail. On her face she has large round eyes that glow in the dark, sensitive ears and a long mustache. The cat sneaks softly, carefully when it goes after prey. A cat is a pet, lives next to a person, catches mice and rats.
Buddy
A shepherd was tending a flock of sheep near the forest. The shepherd fell asleep. The wolf came out of the forest and grabbed the sheep. The shepherd had a dog, Druzhok. The friend chased the wolf and fought off the sheep.
(Explain to the child the meaning of the phrases: “flock of sheep”, “knocked off a lamb.”)
Theme "Migratory Birds"
(2nd week)
remember with your child what time of year it is, what changes have occurred in nature, why birds fly to warmer climes for the winter;
name the birds that fly south, explain why they fly away and are called migratory;
consider illustrations depicting migratory birds.
Task 2. Didactic game “The fourth odd one”: crow, duck, dove, sparrow.
Task 3. Didactic game “Flies away - doesn’t fly away.” (The adult names the bird, and the child says whether it is migratory or wintering.)
Task 4. Didactic game “Who can name the most migratory birds.”
Task 5. Write descriptive stories about migratory birds (optional).
Task 6. Didactic game “One - many” (formation of plural nouns): duck - ducks, swan - swans....
Task 7. Didactic game “The birds have flown away” (an exercise in inflection: the use of the genitive case of nouns in the singular and plural).
No (who?) - no swan, duck... .
No (who?) - no swans, ducks... .
Task 8. Didactic game “Match the object to the sign”: swan (lake), swan (neck), swan (wedge).
Task 9. Learn a poem.
The bird flies, the bird plays, the bird sings.
The bird flew, the bird played, the bird was gone.
Where are you, little bird, where are you, little singer?
You're building a nest in a distant land,
There you sing your song. ( I. Tokmakova)
Task 10. Recall I. Tokmakova’s poem “Ten Birds - a Flock” (see 2nd week of November, old school) and name the migratory and wintering birds.
Theme: “Beasts of our forests”
(3rd week)
talk with your child about what wild animals live in our forests;
remember their names, external signs, habits, cubs, what they eat, how they get their food, what their home is called;
look at illustrations depicting these animals;
remember the riddles about the animals of our forests.
Task 2. Why are these animals called wild?
Task 3. Select as many features as possible for the subject: (coordination of adjectives with nouns):
wolf (what?) - ..., bear (what?) - ..., fox (what?) - ..., hedgehog (what?) - ..., hare (what?) - ..., squirrel (what?) - ...
Task 4. Select as many actions as possible for the pre, meta: bear (what is he doing?) - ..., fox (what is he doing?) - ....
Task 5. Didactic game “Whose, whose, whose?” (formation of possessive adjectives). Trail (whose?) - fox, wolf... . Ears (whose?) - fox, wolf... . Head (whose?) - fox, wolf... .
Task 6. Didactic game “Whose tail?” (formation of possessive adjectives).
One morning the forest animals woke up and saw that everyone’s tails were mixed up: the hare had a wolf’s tail, the wolf had a fox’s tail, the fox had a bear’s tail... . The animals were upset. Is a wolf's tail suitable for a hare? Help the animals find their tails by answering the question “Whose tail is this?” Here is the wolf's tail. What is he like? (gray, long). Whose tail is this? - wolfish. Whose tail is this - small, fluffy, white? - hare... etc. Now all the animals have found their tails.
Task 7. Find related words. Bear - she-bear, bear cub, bear, bear (wolf, fox...).
Task 8. Didactic game “Who is sitting in the cage? Who is missing? (use of the genitive case of plural nouns).
Task 9. Didactic game “Who lives where” (use of the prepositional case of the noun).
The fox lives in a hole. The bear spends the winter in... . The wolf lives in... . The squirrel lives in... . The hedgehog lives in... .
First hare, second hare... fifth hare. One rabbit, two birds... five birds with one stone.
Task 11. Listen to the story.
Hare
The hare has long ears and an elongated muzzle. Its hind legs are much longer than its front legs. Therefore, the hare runs and jumps very quickly. The bunny's skin is soft and warm. In winter it is white, and in summer it is gray: this makes it easier for him to hide from enemies. A hare lives in a hole in the forest with its young hares.
Compose your own descriptive story about one of the animals in our forests, following the following plan:
Name.
Where does he live?
Appearance (size, color, coat).
What does it eat?
How does it get food?
How to defend yourself?
Cubs.
Theme “Autumn” (generalization)
(4th week)
remember with your child what time of year it is, name the autumn months in order;
draw the child’s attention to what changes have occurred in living and inanimate nature;
compare nature in early and late autumn;
talk about what happens to trees in the fall, how animals and birds prepare for winter;
remember the names of migratory birds and why they are called that;
list as many signs of autumn as possible;
talk about the work of collective farmers in the fields in the fall.
Task 2. Didactic game “When does this happen?”
The fields are empty, the ground is wet, the rain is pouring down. - When does this happen?
Autumn
The birdhouse was empty, the birds flew away,
Leaves don't sit on trees either.
All day today everyone is flying and flying...
Apparently they also want to fly to Africa.(I. Tokmakova)
Autumn
Boring picture! Endless clouds
The rain is pouring down, there are puddles on the porch.
Why did you come to visit us early, autumn?
The heart also asks for light and warmth.(A. Pleshcheev)
Task 4. Select as many signs as possible for the word autumn: autumn (what?) - golden, rainy... .
Task 5.“Match the objects to the signs.” Autumn day... Autumn weather, ... . Autumn sky,... Autumn - rains, ... .
Task 6. Didactic game “Right - Wrong” (understanding cause-and-effect relationships).
· I took an umbrella because it was raining. It started to rain because I took an umbrella.
· The birds flew south because autumn had come. Autumn has come because the birds have flown south.
Task 7. Answer questions on the topic “Autumn.”
What's the weather like in autumn? How much rain does it rain in autumn?
Where did the flowers wilt? Where are the leaves falling from?
Which birds flew away? Where?
What did the collective farmers collect?
Task 8. Explain to the child the meaning of the phrases: “It’s drizzling,” “gray clouds,” “the leaves are turning yellow,” “the flowers are disappearing,” “autumn has come,” “early (late) autumn.”
Task 9. Write a story about autumn according to the following plan:
When does autumn come?
Name the autumn months.
Signs of early autumn in nature.
The beauty of golden autumn.
What poems about autumn do you know?
Signs of late autumn.
Human labor in the autumn period.
Task 10. Explain proverbs about autumn to your child.
· Summer - with sheaves, autumn - with pies.
· In November, winter fights with autumn. © September is cold, but full.
December
Library theme
(1st week)
tell children about the library and the work of a librarian;
ask why people need libraries;
talk about the need to take care of books, and about how many people of different professions work on creating books;
visit the library with your child.
Task 2. Review the book with your child, paying attention to the font, cover, and illustrations.
Task 3. Solve the riddle.
Not a bush, but with leaves.
Not a shirt, but sewn,
Not a person, but a storyteller. (Book)
Task 4. Learn a poem.
This book got sick - my brother tore it up. I will feel sorry for the patient - I will take her and glue her together.
Task 5. Try to compose a story, fairy tale or poem with your child. Make a book, let the child draw pictures for his book, decorate it colorfully and bring it to kindergarten.
Task 6. Didactic game “Match the attribute to the object”: book (which one?) - children's, artistic, scientific, colorful, large...
Task 7. Find related words to the word book (book, bookish, book lover, book printing).
Task 8. Invite the child to perform the following actions with the book according to the adult’s instructions:
· put the book down on table, V table, under table, near table;
· get a book from bags...
Then ask the child: “What did you do?” - “I put the book down on table "... (an exercise on understanding and using prepositions).
Task 9. Didactic game “Guess the fairy tale from the passage.” (An adult reads an excerpt from a fairy tale, and the child guesses its name.)
Theme “Wintering birds”
(2nd week)
With your child, look at the illustrations of wintering birds, remember their names, characteristic external features (tail, beak, feather color, size), where they live, what they eat, why they are called winterers;
during a walk together in the park or on the street, consider the wintering birds you meet, pay attention to which birds often fly into the yard;
have a conversation with your child about caring for birds and the need to help birds in winter;
Make a feeder together with your child and hang it outside.
Task 2. Remember the riddles about wintering birds.
Task 3. Compose a comparative story about the bullfinch and tit,
Task 4. Write descriptive riddles about wintering birds.
This bird is small. She has short wings, short legs, a brown back, and light stripes on her wings. He chirps and jumps all day long. - Sparrow.
Task 5. Tit, sparrow, rook, bullfinch.
Task 6. Didactic game “Pick up a sign” (coordination of nouns with adjectives): tit (which one?) - ..., pigeon (which one?) - ....
Task 7. Retelling of the story "The Feeding Trough".
The children saw birds near the school in winter. They threw crumbs of bread at them. The birds were afraid at first, and then they ate all the bread. The next day the birds arrived again. The children took the box, hung it on a branch and poured grains. The feeder came out. The children fed the birds until spring.
Task 8. Find related words: feed - feed, feeding trough, fed, feeding (bird).
Task 9. Tell how a child helps birds in winter (a story from personal experience).
Theme "Coniferous trees"
(3rd week)
while walking in a winter forest or park with your child, consider and compare coniferous trees: pine and spruce, remember why they are called coniferous and evergreen trees;
carefully examine and compare the trunk, crown, arrangement of branches, needles and cones of spruce and pine;
in the illustrations, consider other coniferous trees: fir, larch, tell where these trees grow, consider their leaves and fruits, for what purposes people use these trees;
explain to the child why the forest is our wealth.
Task 2. Remember poems and riddles about coniferous trees.
Task 3. Find related words: spruce - fir tree, fir tree, spruce, spruce forest (pine).
Task 4. Didactic game “Name which one” (formation of relative adjectives).
Forest (what?) - spruce, pine, cedar... .
Cone (what?) - spruce... .
Needles (what kind?) - pine....
Task 5. Didactic game “Match a sign to an object”: spruce (which?) - ..., pine (which?) - ..., cedar (which?) - ....
Task 6. Didactic game "Fourth odd". Oak, birch, aspen, larch. Cedar, linden, pine, spruce.
Task 7. Write a descriptive riddle about a coniferous tree of your choice.
Task 8. Compose a comparative story about spruce and pine according to plan:
Where does it grow?
What is the appearance (size, crown, needles, cones)?
For what purposes does a person use them?
Task 9. Make sentences from words.
Hare, Christmas tree, sit, under.
Squirrel, sit, pine, on.
Mushroom, grow, ate, between.
Task 10. Learn and solve the riddle.
You’ll always find her in the forest, let’s go for a walk and we’ll meet her.
Stands, prickly, like a hedgehog, in a summer dress in winter.
And he will come to us for the New Year - the guys will be happy,
The merry ones are full of trouble, preparing her outfits.(Christmas tree).
Task 11.
Task 12. Make crafts from natural materials (pine cones, pine needles, trees).
Theme "New Year"
(4th week)
tell the child about what holiday is coming soon;
pay attention to the tear-off calendar and its last pages;
examine the Christmas tree at home, decorate it with your child, talk about Christmas tree toys, pay attention to their appearance and the material from which they are made, name them, compare the toys by size and color;
look at the large Christmas tree installed on the main street of the city;
remember who comes to visit the children for the New Year and brings gifts.
Task 2. Solve the riddle.
· A young guy stood on the first step,
A gray-haired old man came to the twelfth step. (New Year)
Task 3. Together with your child, remember how many months there are in a year and repeat their names.
Task 4. Make up a story (from personal experience) “How I decorated the New Year tree.”
Task 5. Didactic game “Match a sign to an object”: Christmas tree (which one?) - ..., holiday (which one?) - ..., Christmas tree decorations (which one?) - ..., Santa Claus (which one?) - ... , Snow Maiden (what?) - ..., guys (what?) - ..., gifts (what?) - ....
Task 6. Retell the story.
Christmas tree
There is a Christmas tree in kindergarten. Santa Claus stands by the Christmas tree, big, gray-haired, in a red fur coat, a fur hat, white felt boots, with a stick in his hand. The guys really liked him. Sasha looked at him, looked at him, came up and touched him. Santa Claus stirred, raised his head and asked loudly:
Who woke me up?
It's me, Sasha.
Thank you, Sasha, otherwise I almost overslept the holiday. I would have to take the gifts to the forest.
Task 7. Learn a poem.
Christmas tree
The Christmas tree is lit, there are blue shadows under it,
Prickly needles, as if covered in white frost.
The lights on the Christmas tree are bright everywhere.
In all the houses, all over the country, the children are smiling.(L. Nekrasova)
Task 8.
A green Christmas tree grew in the forest.
I bring the Christmas tree home for the holiday.
Task 9. Together with your child, make several Christmas tree decorations.
January
Theme "Winter fun"
(2nd week)
ask your child what time of year it is, what games children like to play in winter and why, what they need for winter games;
find out which games you can’t play in winter and why.
Task 2. Together with your child, remember what winter sports equipment is familiar to him and what riddles he knows about it.
Task 3. Remember and name winter sports.
Task 4. Didactic game “Why is it called that?” (exercise on word formation, including the formation of complex words): speed skater (skating), luger (sledding), skier (skiing), hockey player (plays hockey), figure skater (figure skating).
Task 5. Didactic game “Who needs what” (using the dative case of nouns): a hockey player needs a stick, skates need ..., sleds - ..., skis - ..., puck - ....
Task 6. Didactic game "Fourth odd". Sleds, skis, jump rope, skates.
Task 7. Compose a story (from personal experience) on the topics: “How I sculpted a snow woman”, “How I played in winter.”
Snow woman
We made two huge snowballs in the yard. They put a lump on a lump. Then they stuck the snow woman’s hands on. They stuck a broom into her hands. Then we made her eyes, mouth and nose. They put a hat on the woman's head.
Task 8. Learn a poem.
Worker
We made a snow woman,
Amusing snow woman,
And winter told her:
“Become my worker!
You have a broom in your hands,
You should sweep the paths.
Share your worries with me
And try until it’s dark.”
And she fired me from her job
Baba snowy spring.(V. Schwartz)
Explain to the child why “Snowy Spring fired the woman from her job.”
Task 9. Make a figure out of matches according to the pattern.
Sleds fly down the hills in winter.
The guys in the sled are laughing and squealing.
Theme: “Our city. My street"
(3rd week)
remember with your child the name of the city (village) in which he lives, the street on which his house is located, name the main street of the city (village);
pay attention to who the city is named after, what it is famous for, tell about the most important events that happened in your city, what attractions it has;
look at illustrations, postcards and photographs depicting your city (village);
remember what kind of transport can be seen on the streets of the city (village);
repeat with your child your home address, the address of the kindergarten, remember what transport you use to go to kindergarten;
remind you of the need to follow traffic rules.
Task 2. Didactic game “Name which one” (formation of complex words): house (what?) - multi-story, one-story... .
Task 3. Didactic game “Pick up a sign”: city (which?) - ..., street (which?) - ..., house (which?) - ....
Task 4. Write a story (from personal experience) “The Road to Kindergarten.”
Task 5. Draw a picture on the topic “My city (village).”
Theme “How animals spend the winter” (wild animals of our forests)
(4th week)
talk with your child about what time of year it is; pay attention to natural conditions in winter; remember the wild animals familiar to the child that live in our forests, how they get their food, what they eat, what their home is called;
tell the child about how animals spend the winter in the forest, what changes have occurred in their appearance for winter.
Task 2. Read poems to your child and discuss them. Name the animals in our forests that are mentioned in the poem.
Who lives where
In winter the bear sleeps in its den,
A sparrow sits under the roof.
The red fox is in the hole,
The bug is in a warm kennel.
There is a wolf in the lair,
A hare is trembling under a bush.
The squirrel hid in a hollow,
A hedgehog sleeps in dry grass.
Squirrel is the mistress
The wind drives a flock of frozen leaves across the ground.
The host squirrel has prepared for winter.
She sewed the earflaps on time and covered them with gray fur.
I tried on boots of my own making.
She hid the cones she had prepared for future use in a bag.
And she began to chop the nuts without haste.
It’s nice in a squirrel’s home - it’s orderly and quiet.
Let the cold wind whistle, the squirrel is not afraid of the blizzard.
Fox
The fox mouses in winter and catches mice. She stood on a stump so that she could see further away, and listened, and listened, and looked: where under the snow the mouse squeaked, where the snow moved a little. He hears, notices, and rushes. Done, a mouse has fallen into the teeth of the red furry huntress!
Squirrel
The squirrel is not afraid of the cold. She has a gray fur coat. And summer has come, the squirrel has changed its coat - now there is no cold, and there is no one to hide from: hunters do not need thin red fur. The squirrel dries the mushrooms and peels the cones.
Wolf
In the summer, a well-fed wolf walks around. There is a lot of game. Winter time will come, the birds will fly away, the animals will hide, the wolf has nothing to eat. Angry, hungry wolves walk around, looking for prey. They will approach the village... Where there is no watchman and the constipation is bad - the sheep will be in trouble.
Bear
The bear has a warm shaggy fur coat. His muzzle is elongated. The bear walks heavily, moving its paws somehow at random, which is why it was called clubfoot. But he can run fast. He climbs trees very skillfully. The bear eats berries and honey. During the cold months, the bear climbs into a den, sleeps and sucks its paw.
Task 4. Exercise for coordinating speech and movements.
February
Theme: Toys. Russian folk toy"
(1st week)
tell children about Russian folk toys, examine them in illustrations and in their natural form;
consider the material from which the toys are made - clay, wood, ceramics;
color, shape, size, parts of toys, tell how they are played;
talk with children about folk crafts, about the fact that toys are made by folk craftsmen.
Task 2. Didactic game “Name the toy” (formation of relative adjectives): wooden toy (which one?) - wooden (matryoshka, pipe); clay toy (what kind?) - clay (whistle); ceramic toy (which one?) - ceramic (doll).
Our hands are like pretzels, our cheeks are like apples.
All the people at the fair have known us for a long time.
We are painted toys, Vyatka laughing toys -
Sloboda dandies, townsfolk gossips.
The Dymkovo ladies are more beautiful than anyone else in the world,
And the spoiled hussars are our gentlemen.
Task 4. Guess and learn the riddle.
· The girlfriends are different in height, but they look alike.
They all sit next to each other, but there is only one toy. (Matryoshka)
Task 5. Draw five nesting dolls (from largest to smallest) and count them according to the pattern: one nesting doll, two nesting dolls... five nesting dolls (coordinating numerals with nouns).
Task 6. Compose a descriptive story about the nesting doll according to plan:
What color, size, shape?
What material is it made of?
How many parts does it consist of? O
How is it played?
Task 7. Cut out and paste pictures of Russian folk toys into the album.
Topic “Transport. Traffic Laws"
(2nd week)
watch with your child on the street the movement of various vehicles;
fix the names of modes of transport;
ask the child what types of transport he knows, which transport is ground, underground, railway, air, water;
ask what two groups land transport can be divided into (passenger cars and freight), why they are called that;
remember what professions people work on different types of transport;
hold a conversation with the child about the rules of the street, show the traffic light while walking, paying attention to its light and clarifying when it is possible to cross the street and when not;
Tell your child about the profession of a traffic controller.
Task 2. Together with your child, look at the illustrations for different types of transport.
Task 3. Remember the riddle about transport.
Task 4. Write a descriptive riddle about any type of transport (optional).
Task 5. Didactic game “Pick a sign”: car (which one?) - ..., plane (which one?) - ....
Task 6. Didactic game “Why are they called that?” (formation of complex words): airplane (flies itself), all-terrain vehicle, steam locomotive, steamship, dump truck, scooter.
Task 7. Didactic game “Pick an object to the ghost”: old..., new..., small..., powerful..., long..., cargo..., three-wheeled..., high-speed..., flying ... .
Task 8. Find synonyms for the words: ride, rush, rush, drive, drag, move.
Task 9. Find antonyms for the words: takeoff - landing, take off - land, arrive - ..., sail - ....
Task 10. Make a sentence out of words. Car, bridge, go, under.
Task 11. Didactic game "Fourth odd". Plane, boat, steamship, ship.
Task 12. Choose a verb that is suitable in meaning with a prefix from the verb to go).
Car from the garage.... Car to the house.... Car from the house.... Car to the gate.... Car to the house.... Car from the bridge....
Task 13. Learn a poem.
A car was walking down the street, a car was walking without gasoline,
There was a car without a driver, without a traffic light,
She walked, without knowing where, the clockwork car was walking.
Task 14. Solve the riddle and explain the meaning of the traffic light colors.
If the light turns red, it means it is dangerous to move.
Yellow is a warning, and green says: “Pass on, the way is open.” (Traffic light)
Task 15. Didactic game “Who works on which machine.”
A doctor works at the ambulance.
At the fire station... .
Task 16. Lay out a figure from matches according to the example:
ü I saw a plane in the clear sky.
It's a pity, I've never flown on it.
ü A large steamer is sailing, the captain is leading it.
ü The car is rushing through the streets, dust swirling from under the wheels.
ü A boat is standing by the river bank, a fisherman is fishing from the boat.
ü A boat with a sail is sailing, inviting you to travel.
Theme: “Defender of the Fatherland Day. Military professions"
(3rd week)
tell the child about what kind of holiday this is, who the defenders of the Fatherland are;
Together with your child, look at photographs published in newspapers and magazines related to the Army;
cultivate respect and love for the Russian army;
introduce the child to the branches of the military, military equipment, and military professions (from pictures and illustrations).
Task 2. Ask your child the question: “Who serves in the Army?” (formation of nouns using suffixes -chick, -ist):
-Nick: rocket man, mortar man, pilot, anti-aircraft gunner;
-ist: signalman, tanker, artilleryman.
Task 3. Didactic game “Pick a sign”: defender of the Fatherland (which one?) - brave, courageous, courageous... .
Task 4. Didactic game “Count” (counting various objects - matching numerals with nouns): one tank, two tanks... five tanks.
Task 5. Learn a poem.
February
The winds blow in February and the chimneys howl loudly.
Light drifting snow rushes along the ground like a snake.
Rising, flights of planes rush into the distance -
This February celebrates the birth of the Army.(S. Marshak)
Task 6. Answer the question. Why do they congratulate all men on this day and give them gifts? Make a gift for your dad (grandfather, uncle) with your own hands.
Task 7. Make a figure out of matches according to the pattern.
A tank in war is a fighting machine, Strong, brave, indestructible.
Theme “Winter” (generalization)
(4th week)
talk with your child about what changes have occurred in living and inanimate nature in winter;
while walking in the park, pay attention to the signs of winter;
remember the names of the seasons and winter months;
explain which time of year is the coldest and why;
remind the child about the life of birds and animals in winter, how they spend the winter;
name wintering birds, talk about how a person helps birds in winter;
remember what winter sports and winter sports equipment the child knows;
name proverbs and sayings about winter, winter signs.
Task 2. Together with your child, recall poems and riddles about winter.
Task 3. Together with your child, remember the names of the winter months.
Task 4. Didactic game "Before - between - after." What month is before January, after January... .
Task 5. Explain the proverbs to the child:
· December ends the year and begins winter.
· In February, winter meets spring.
Task 6. Didactic game “Name as many signs of winter as possible.”
Winter pictures
The sun warms the earth weakly, and frost crackles at night.
In the yard, the snow woman's carrot nose turned white.
Under a birch tree on a hill, an old hedgehog made a hole,
And under the leaves lie two small hedgehogs.
The squirrel hid in a hollow - it was both dry and warm,
I have stored so many mushrooms and berries that I couldn’t eat them in a year.
A bear sleeps under a snag in a windfall, as if in a house.
He put his paw in his mouth and sucked like a little one.
A cautious fox approached the stream to drink.
It leaned over, and the water was still and hard.
The scythe has no den, he does not need a hole:
Legs save you from enemies, bark protects you from lack of food.(G. Ladonshchikov)
Task 8. Invite the child to distribute the sentence according to the model.
Winter came. Cold winter has arrived. A cold, blizzard winter has arrived.
Task 9. Didactic game “Choose related words.”
Snow - snowball, snowflake, snowy, Snow Maiden, snowman...
Winter - winter, winter, winter, winter hut... .
Frost - frosty, freeze, freeze... .
Ice - icebreaker, ice floe, ice, glacier, ice... .
Task 10. Didactic game “Match a sign to an object” (theme “Winter”): sun (which one?) - ..., ice (which one?) - ..., frost (which one?) - ....
Task 11. Didactic game “Match the object to the attribute”: snowy - ball..., snowy - ..., snowy - drifts..., snowy - field... .
Task 12. Didactic game "Fourth odd".
Skates, jump rope, skis, sleds. Crow, dove, sparrow, swallow. Fox, wolf, bear, giraffe. Fur coat, hat, swimsuit, scarf.
Task 13. Write a story about winter according to plan.
How did you notice the onset of winter?
Name its first signs in nature.
Winter months.
Signs of winter.
Habits of animals and birds in winter.
Wintering birds.
Winter fun and entertainment.
March
Topic “Mail. Professions"
(1st week)
show your child the correspondence that you take out of the mailbox: newspapers, magazines, letters, postcards;
review them with your child;
show the child a letter, postage stamp, envelope, telegram, read where the letter, telegram came from;
tell how the letter and telegram reached your home from another city;
show how a written letter is placed in an envelope, sealed, an address is written on the envelope, and the letter is placed in the mailbox with the child;
show the child the parcel;
talk about the professions of postal workers (postman, telegraph operator);
invite the child to independently remove correspondence from the mailbox and say what came in the mail;
Go with your child to the post office, where you can draw his attention to the work of postal workers.
Task 2. Learn a poem.
Who knocks on my door with a thick bag on his shoulder
With the number 5 on a brass plaque, wearing a blue uniform shirt?
This is him, this is him, the Leningrad postman.(S. Marshak)
Task 3.
The postman brought a letter (to whom?) - to mother, sister... (dative case of nouns).
What did we find in the mailbox? - newspaper, postcard... (accusative case of nouns).
What's missing from your mailbox? - newspapers, magazines... (genitive case of nouns).
Task 4. Didactic game “Pick a sign”: postcard (which one?) - festive, congratulatory... .
Task 5. Didactic game “Choose a related word”: mail - postman, post office, post office.
Task 6. Didactic game “Form a new word”: Telephone - telephone operator, telephone operator, telegraph - telegraph operator, telegraph operator.
Task 7. Didactic game “Match objects to the signs”: postal... (pigeon, translation), postal... (postcard, Parcel), postal... (letter).
Task 8. Together with your child, make an envelope out of paper.
Solve the riddle.
· They sealed it with glue firmly and sent it to me urgently.
I won’t regret it, I’ll get it and stick it up in no time. (Letter, envelope).
Task 9. Make a figure out of matches according to the pattern.
(2nd week)
talk with your child about the holiday of March 8th, ask what kind of holiday it is, who is congratulated on this day;
teach the child the words of congratulations that he will have to say on this day to his mother, grandmother, teacher and other women;
talk with your child about women’s professions (doctor, dressmaker, teacher, cook, salesman, hairdresser);
Task 2. Didactic game “Who does what” (selection of actions for nouns): cook - cooks, dressmaker - ....
Task 3. Didactic game “Who needs what for work” (using the accusative case of nouns; the dative case of nouns): for the cook - a ladle, for the seller - ...; scissors - to the dressmaker, bandage - ... .
Task 4. Didactic game “Pick a sign”: mother (which one?) - kind, affectionate, caring... .
Task 5. Didactic game “It happens - it doesn’t happen” (comprehension of logical and grammatical structures).
The cook is making soup. The cook cooks the soup. The cook cooks the soup. The soup is prepared by the cook. The cook has prepared the soup. The cook made the soup. The cook made the soup.
Task 6. Repeat the phrase: “Hair is cut at the hairdresser” (formation of the syllable structure of words).
Task 7. Find related words: mom - mommy, mommy.
Task 8. Didactic game “Name a woman’s profession” (word formation): cook - cook, tailor - ..., teacher - ..., educator - ..., artist - ..., singer - ..., violinist - ... , pianist - ..., salesman - ....
Task 9. Learn a poem of your choice.
Mom, grandmother, sister - all dressed up in the morning.
They accept congratulations, even though it’s not their birthday.
Each holiday gift and bouquet is very bright.
And another surprise awaits them - dad and I baked a cake.
We washed all the dishes and put everything in order.
We forgot the word laziness, that's what Women's Day means!
And my sister asked us: “Will this happen every time?”(V. Nesterenko)
Our grandmother is very kind,
Our grandmother is very old.
Our grandmother has many wrinkles,
With them she is even better and more beautiful.
Grandma will knit warm mittens,
Grandma will tell you a fairy tale in the evening.
We are ready to listen to it for hours,
If she forgets, we’ll tell her ourselves.
Task 10. Didactic game “Guess what profession they are talking about.”
Who is the most useful in days of illness?
And cures us of all diseases?(Doctor)
Task 11. Didactic game “Helper” (changing verbs according to tenses).
I wash the floor. I'll wash the floor. I washed the floor. I'm washing clothes... .
Task 12. Write a story “Mom’s Work”
Task 13. Draw your mother at work.
Theme “Animals of cold countries”
(3rd week)
show the child pictures of animals living in the North: polar bear, arctic fox, walrus, reindeer, whale, seal;
ask your child what wild animals live where it’s cold, what they eat, which of these animals can be seen in the zoo;
visit the zoo with your child.
Task 2. Together with your child, compose a descriptive story about any of the animals of cold countries, following the following plan:
Name.
Where does he live?
Appearance (size, color, coat, etc.).
What does it eat?
How does it get food?
How to defend yourself?
Cubs.
Task 3. Didactic game “Pick a sign”: walrus (which one?) ... .
Task 4. Didactic game “Recognize the animal by description.” (The adult talks about the animal, and the child recognizes and names it by its characteristic features.)
Task 5. Didactic game “Bears” (role-playing). Polar and brown bears met and said hello. Then the white one asks the brown one:
Where do you live? - In the forest.
And I'm in the north on an ice floe. What color is your fur? - Brown.
And my fur is white. What do you eat? - Leaves, berries, fish.
I also eat fish, and also seals. What do you do in winter? - I sleep in a den.
But I don’t have a den, I sleep on an ice floe in the snow.
Task 6. Compose a comparative story about white and brown bears (compound sentences with the conjunction a).
A brown bear lives in our forest, and a white bear... .
A brown bear has brown fur, and a white bear... .
The brown bear eats raspberries, honey, fish, and the white... .
The brown bear sleeps in a den, and the white... .
Task 7. Didactic game “Count the animals” (coordination of numerals with nouns): one walrus, two walruses, three walruses, four walruses, five walruses.
Task 8. Cut out and paste into the album pictures depicting animals of the North.
Theme “Animals of hot countries”
(4th week)
show your child pictures of wild animals living in hot countries: giraffe, hippopotamus, zebra, porcupine, elephant, lion, tiger, leopard, kangaroo, camel, rhinoceros;
talk about their external signs, characteristic habits;
ask your child questions: “What animals live where it’s hot? What do they eat? Which of them did you see at the zoo?”;
visit the zoo with your child.
Task 2. Compose a descriptive story about one of the Animals of hot countries according to plan:
What is the name of?
Where does he live?
What kind of home does he have?
What is the appearance?
What habits?
What does it eat?
How does it get food?
What are his enemies?
How to defend yourself?
Cubs.
Task 3. Didactic game “Pick a sign”: giraffe (which one?) - ..., zebra (which one?) - ..., elephants (which one?) - ....
Task 4. Find synonyms: elephant - big (huge, mighty, hefty, gigantic, enormous...).
Task 5. Guess and memorize riddles and a poem of your choice.
· The horse is drawn like a school notebook. (Zebra)
· The hedgehog grew ten times, it turned out... (porcupine).
· When he is in a cage, he is pleasant, there are many black spots on his skin.
He is a beast of prey, although he is a little like a cat, like a lion and a tiger. (Leopard)
· They look very wonderful: dad has wavy curls,
And mom goes around with her hair cut, why is she offended?
No wonder mother is often angry with everyone... (lioness).
· He walks with his head up, not because he is an important count,
Not because he has a proud disposition, but because he... (giraffe).
· I’m a hunchbacked beast, but the guys like me. (Camel)
· A rhinoceros butts with its horn - don’t joke with... (a rhinoceros).
· Hey, don't stand too close - I'm a tiger cub, not a pussy.
· The old elephant sleeps peacefully; he can sleep standing up.
· Lion, lion, girl - yellow little head.
Task 6. Didactic game “Name the family”: dad is a maiden, mom is a lioness, cub is a lion cub (cubs are lion cubs)... .
Task 7. Didactic game “Who lives in Africa?” (consolidating the correct use of endings of nouns in indirect plural cases).
In Africa they live... (lions, tigers...). One day the animals got sick. Who went to treat them? (Dr. Aibolit). Who did Aibolit treat? (Lions, tigers...) Who did the good doctor cure? (Lvivs, tigers...) The animals were treated willingly. Who was the doctor happy with? (Lions, tigers...) Who did Aibolit remember at home? (About lions,...)
Task 8. Listen to the poem. Answer the questions.
What animals are talked about in the poem? Where do they live? (In Africa, in our forests.)
Where did the sparrow have lunch?
Where did you have lunch, sparrow?
At the zoo with the animals.
First I dined behind bars at the lion's.
I refreshed myself at the fox's and drank some water at the walrus's.
I ate carrots from an elephant and ate millet with a crane.
I stayed with a rhinoceros and ate a little bran.
I attended a feast with tailed kangaroos.
I was at a festive dinner at the shaggy bear's place.
And a toothy crocodile almost swallowed me. (S. Marshak)
Task 9. Didactic game “Whose, whose, whose, whose?”: head (whose?) - lion, tail (whose?) - lion, body (whose?) - lion, ears (whose?) - lion
Task 10. Answer the questions.
Which of the animals in hot countries is a predator? Why?
Task 11. Didactic game "Fourth odd".
Lion, tiger, walrus, zebra.
Camel, zebra, lion, giraffe.
Rhinoceros, hippopotamus, tiger, wolf.
Task 12. Cut out and paste pictures of animals from hot countries into the album.
April
Theme "Migratory Birds"
(1st week)
recall with your child the names of migratory birds that fly to us in the spring (their names, appearance and distinctive features;;
pay attention to seasonal changes in living and inanimate nature;
tell your child about the benefits migratory birds bring;
teach respect for living nature;
together with your child, make a birdhouse and install it in the park;
If possible, observe the life of migratory birds in the spring while walking in the park.
Task 2. Didactic game "Fourth odd". Crow, sparrow, swift, dove. Starling, rook, pigeon, swift.
Task 3. Didactic game “Flies away - doesn’t fly away.” (The adult names the bird, and the child says whether it is migratory or wintering.)
Task 4. Didactic game “Name it affectionately” (layer formation using diminutive suffixes): nightingale - nightingale, crane - crane, swan - swan... .
Task 5. Didactic game “Who has who” (an exercise in word formation).
The rook has rooks, the starling has .... The rook has rooks, the crane has ....
Task 6. Write descriptive stories about migratory birds.
The rook is a large bird. She looks like a crow. She has a large thick beak. The rook is the first to arrive to us in the spring. The rook walks across the arable land and eats beetles, larvae, and worms. It makes a nest of thin twigs and straw in the treetops.
Task 7. Choose the preposition that is necessary for its meaning (from, in, to, over, on, by).
The rook flew out... the nest. The rook has arrived... the nest. The rook flew up... to the nest. The rook is circling... with his nest. The rook sat down... on a branch. The rook walks... in the arable land.
Task 8. Retell the story in first person.
Sasha decided to make a birdhouse. He took boards, a saw, and sawed the planks. From them he put together a birdhouse. The birdhouse was hung on a tree. May the starlings have a good home.
Explain to the child the meaning of the word birdhouse.
Task 9. Retell the story “The Rooks Have Arrived” based on the questions.
I'll be the first to arrive! rooks. There is still snow all around, but they are already here. The rooks will rest and begin to build nests. Rooks build nests on the top of a tall tree. Rooks hatch their chicks earlier than other birds.
Explain to the child the meaning of the phrases: “harbingers of spring”, “to build nests”, “top of the tree”, “bring out chicks”.
Questions. Which birds arrive first in spring? What do the rooks immediately begin to do? Where do they build their nests? When do they hatch their chicks?
Task 10. Didactic game "Finish the sentence."
There is a nest in the tree, and in the trees... (nests). There are branches on the branch, and on the branches... There are chicks in the nest, and in the nests there are... . There is a tree in the yard, and in the forest -...
Task 11. Exercises for fingers.
Chicks in the nest
Birdhouse
Theme: “Cosmonautics Day”
(2nd week)
look at pictures and illustrations in books depicting space, astronauts and space technology; tell your child about the first cosmonaut - Yu. Gagarin.
Task 2. Learn a poem.
The rocket took off like an arrow into the sky,
The astronaut sits in it, strong and brave.
Task 3. Solve the riddle.
· There are no wings, but this bird will fly and land on the moon. (Rocket)
Lay out the matchstick figure according to the pattern.
Task 4. Explain to the child the meaning of the words: takeoff, landing, start, landing, spacesuit, helmet.
Task 5. Find related words to the word cosmos (cosmic, astronaut).
Task 6. Make a sentence out of words. Rocket, space, fly, in.
Task 7. Didactic game “Pick a sign”: astronaut (which one?) - ....
Task 8.
The astronauts rushed to another planet on... (rocket).
Task 9. Draw a picture on the theme “Space”.
Task 10. Cut out and paste into the album pictures depicting space technology and astronauts.
Theme “School. School supplies"
(3rd week)
tell the child about school, why children go to school, who teaches children at school, what school subjects are taught at school;
review school supplies with your child, talk about what each of these things is needed for;
ask your child questions: what do schoolchildren put in their pencil case? in the briefcase?
Take your child to a store that sells stationery supplies, or to a school fair.
Task 2. Solve riddles and learn them by choice.
· I carry a new house in my hand. The doors of the house are locked.
And books, pens and an album live in that house. (Briefcase)
· Black Ivashka - wooden shirt.
Wherever his nose passes, he puts a note there. (Pencil)
· Now I’m in a checkered pattern, now in a line, be able to write on me!
You can also draw. What am I? (Notebook)
· The white pebble melted and left marks on the board. (Chalk)
Task 3. Didactic game “Pick a sign”: briefcase (which one?) - leather, roomy, bright, large... .
Task 4. Didactic game "Fourth odd".
Pen, rubber band, ball, pencil case.
Briefcase, notebook, textbook, apple.
Task 5. Didactic game “Correct the mistake in the sentence” (use of case endings of nouns).
I have a briefcase. I don't have a notebook. I forgot my ruler at home. I write pens. I draw in an album.
Task 6. Didactic game “Give me a word.”
Your school books must always be in order... (notebooks).
To have a place to write, at school we need... (notebook).
Task 7. Explain the proverbs to the child:
Learning is the path to skill.
Learning is light, ignorance is darkness.
Task 9. Didactic game “Pack a school bag” (name school supplies).
Topic: “Tools of labor. Professions" (generalization)
(4th week)
talk to your child about the fact that there are a lot of professions in the world, ask him what professions he knows, what he would like to become when he grows up;
ask the child what people of different professions do, what kind of work they do, what tools and tools they need for this;
tell your child about your profession, where and with whom you work, what you do, what benefits your work brings to people;
If possible, take your child to your place of work.
Task 2. Didactic game “Who will you be?” (use of future tense verbs). I will be a builder, I will build houses. I will... .
Task 3. Didactic game “Name the profession” (formation of nouns using the suffix - box). Who carries the luggage? - Porter. Who welds the pipes? - Welder. Who installs the glass? - Glazier. Who works on the crane? - Crane operator. Who lays the stones? - Bricklayer. Who repairs the clock? - Watchmaker. Who sharpens knives? - Grinder. Who cuts the dress? - Cutter.
Task 4. Didactic game “Name women’s professions” (word formation): weaver - weaver, cook - ..., educator - ..., teacher - ..., artist - ..., seller - ..., singer - ... , pilot - ..., pianist - ..., violinist - ... .
Task 5. Didactic game “Why are they named like that?” (complex words): fisherman - catches fish, beekeeper - ..., digger - ..., lumberjack - ..., chimney sweep - ....
Task 6. Didactic game “Who works with what?” (formation of the instrumental case of nouns): painter - with a brush, digger - ..., janitor - ....
Task 7. Didactic game “Name the actions”: with a shovel - they dig, with a needle - ..., a saw - ..., an ax - ..., a rake - ..., brushes - ..., scissors - ....
Task 8. Didactic game “Who needs what for work” (dative case of nouns): the cook needs a ladle, a letter is needed..., a broom is needed..., a pointer is needed..., an ax is needed....
Task 9. Didactic game “Answer the question” (use of the preposition c).
Where will mom go if she needs a doctor? Where do you go if you need to sew a dress? Where should you go to buy medicine? bread?
Task 10. Didactic game “Choose related words for the word build”: construction, builder, construction, construction, construction.
Task 11. Didactic game “Give me a word.” Woodcutters cut down the forest - everyone has... (an axe). A wooden... (hammer) helped dad hammer a nail. Dust on the floor - give me... (broom). Near the school, all the kids are removing snow... (with a shovel).
Task 12. Guess and learn riddles of your choice.
· I dug the ground - I wasn’t tired at all.
And whoever dug with me is tired. (Shovel)
· The fat one will beat the thin one, the thin one will kill something. (Hammer and nail)
· Leaves are falling in the garden, I will quickly sweep them away. (Rake)
· Ate, ate oak, oak. Broke a tooth, tooth. (Saw)
Lay out the “guess” from matches according to the sample.
Task 13. Exercise for hands
Every business has a special smell:
The bakery smells of dough and baked goods.
The painter smells like turpentine and paint.
The glazier smells like window putty.
The confectioner smells like nutmeg.
A doctor in a robe - a pleasant medicine.
Loose earth, field and meadow
It smells like a peasant walking behind a plow.
The fisherman smells of fish and sea.
Only the slacker doesn't smell at all.
Theme "Victory Day"
(1st week)
tell your child about what holiday is celebrated in our country on May 9 and why it is called “Victory Day”;
talk about the heroes of the Great Patriotic War, look at illustrations in books;
remember which of your family members took part in the Great Patriotic War, show your child photographs of relatives;
instill in the child respect for war heroes.
Task 2. Find synonyms: brave - brave, courageous, heroic... .
Task 3. Find antonyms: brave - cowardly.
Task 4. Find related words: hero - heroic, heroic...; protection - protector, protect, protected.
Task 5. Explain to the child the meaning of words and phrases “feat”, “victory”, “heroic deed”, “defender”, “veteran”; explain the proverb “Peace builds, but war destroys.”
Task 6. Lay out a figure from matches according to the sample.
The stars shine for us from heaven, congratulations to all the heroes.
Theme: “Garden, park, meadow. Forest is our wealth"
(2nd week)
introduce the child to the plants of the meadow and garden;
show plants in illustrations and, if possible, in the meadow, garden and park;
consider the appearance of the plant, show its parts: root, stem, leaf, flower, seeds;
Take a walk in the park or forest with your child.
Task 2. Talk with your child about the forest, about what trees grow in the forest (deciduous and coniferous), what kind of forest there is (deciduous, coniferous and mixed);
explain why the forest is called that, what benefits it brings, why it is valuable and important for people who live in the forest (animals and birds);
talk about the profession of a forester;
explain to the child the expression “The forest is our wealth.”
Learn a poem.
So that pines, lindens, and spruce trees do not get sick and turn green
So that new forests rise into the skies,
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