Why is a block called the poet of the Silver Age. Alexander Blok - poet of the "Silver Age"

The most famous poet of the Silver Age Alexander Blok

Why did I choose this particular poet?

Among the poets of the Silver Age, many have gained fame and glory. But of all of them, I remember Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Blok the most. I chose it for several reasons.

Firstly, in his poems there are mysterious and not understandable images that interested me. That only are the poems "Stranger" and "Crying child ...". Secondly, like many of his compatriots, he did not remain indifferent to the period of the revolution, which also cannot be ignored. Thirdly, I was touched by the feeling with which Blok writes about the Motherland. Calling his country a beggar, he still admits that he cannot find a better homeland for him more dear than Russia.

Many poets admired Blok's work. And I think they admired it for a reason.

Bright moments of creativity in the life of Blok.

Blok worked at the turn of the two worlds. He turned out to be the last great poet of old, pre-October Russia, who completed the poetry of the entire 19th century with his work, and at the same time his name opens the first, title page of the history of Russian Soviet poetry.

Over the twenty years that separate the first serious poems of Blok from "The Twelve" and "Scythians", the content of his poetry and his very creative manner have undergone profound changes. Detached from real life, seemingly completely immersed in his vague emotional experiences, as Blok began his literary path, grew into a truly great national poet, whose work is fanned by the historical, social, everyday storms of his formidable, turning, revolutionary time.

If we compare Blok's youthful lyrics with his mature poems, at first glance it may seem that we are faced with two different poets. Here, for example, are verses characteristic of the young Blok that speak of the experiences of a solitary soul and look like solemn prayers with a darkened meaning:

“I kept them in the limit of John,

An immobile guardian, - kept the fire of the lamps.

And here-She, and to Her-my Hosanna-

The crown of labor is above all awards ... "

And here is how deeply and together simply and clearly he wrote thirteen years later, reflecting on the fate of his motherland:

“Centuries go by, war is rustling,

There is a mutiny, villages are burning,

And you are still the same, my country,

In tear-stained and ancient beauty ”.

The striking changes that took place in the work of Blok were dictated by life itself, by the very course of historical reality, which determined the direction of the poet's life and literary path. This path was difficult and difficult, full of many and sharp contradictions, but direct and unswerving. Blok himself very rightly and accurately said that this was "the path among revolutions."

In Blok's youthful lyrics ("Poems about the Beautiful Lady"), everything is fanned by an atmosphere of mystical mystery and a miracle taking place. Everything in this lyrics is timid and dark, vague and hazy, sometimes elusive: only a hint of a spring song, only a piece of bright sky, some reflections, some clicks ... And all these are signs of otherworldly hopes for a universal incomprehensible miracle, for a phenomenon The Eternal Virgin, the Beautiful Lady, in whose image a kind of all-unity divine principle was embodied for Blok, which was supposed to "save the world" and revive humanity to a new, ideally perfect life:

“I enter dark temples,

I am performing a poor rite.

There I am waiting for the Beautiful Lady

In the flickering of red lamps ... "

This theme of anticipation and anticipation of some wonderful changes dominated Blok's youthful lyrics. The poet already then felt a vague anxiety, caught its "signs", even then noticed that a "storm of life" was growing around him, but he was still afraid of this storm and tried to hide from it in the ideal world of his dreams and fantasies, where there are no tears, no torment, no blood, but only music, roses, azure, smiles, fairy tales and dreams.

Even his "earthly", quite real experiences and impressions young Blok tried to interpret in the spirit of mystical faith, as something "superreal". However, the living feeling of a true poet sometimes resisted this and stubbornly grew through the fragile shell of the conventional, mythologized world in which he was. The concrete-sensual, emotional, direct feeling of life penetrated more and more powerfully into the lyrics of Blok.

The upsurge of the liberation movement in Russia did not pass without leaving a trace for the Bloc. In the context of the revolutionary events of 1904-1905, his former indifference to social and political life was replaced by a greedy interest in the widespread popular struggle for freedom. The revolutionary events were reflected in a number of Blok's works. On his poems about the city, there are crimson reflections, symbolizing the growing anxiety that seizes him. The crimson-red color, which, in the poet's view, is painted outwardly elegant, but inside the rotten world of the "well-fed", is perceived as a symbol of revolution.

The revolution of 1905 was deeply experienced by Blok and played an enormous, one might say, decisive role in his life and destiny. She brought the poet out of the state of solitude and contemplation, in which he had been for a long time, showed him the face of a rapidly changing life, awakened in him a sense of blood ties with the people and a consciousness of social responsibility for his writing.

Mystical visions in mysterious temples are replaced by real, unadorned pictures of human grief:

“We met you in the temple

And they lived in a joyful garden

But here are fetid palaces

Let's go to damnation and labor.

We passed all the gates

And in everyone they saw a window,

How hard the work lies

On every bent back ... "

Blok's attention is increasingly attracted by "new people" who are rising to the arena of history "from the darkness of the cellars" - people-workers, creators of tomorrow. A sense of social activity awakens in the poet. He himself seeks civil courage, and angrily denounces those who remain blind and deaf to the demands of life:

“I see: your virgins are blind,

The youths have fireless eyes,

Back! Into the haze! Into the deaf crypts!

You need a scourge, not an ax ”!

Blok does not spare himself either, because he lacks courage, because, sincerely grieving for the poor and poor, he wants and does not dare to "kill":

“To take revenge on the faint-hearted who lived without fire,

Who humiliated my people and me so much!

Who locked the free and the strong in prison,

Who did not believe my fire for a long time.

Who wants to rob me of my day for money

Buy dog obedience from me ... "

The poet's appeal to the theme of the homeland, its historical path, its future fate was associated for him with the experience of the rise and defeat of the first Russian revolution. In July 1905, a wonderful poem "Autumn Will" was written, in which the main tone of all of Blok's patriotic lyrics was already sounded:

“Take shelter in immense distances,

How to live and cry without you ”! -

He exclaimed, addressing Russia. He spoke about his homeland with endless love, with heartfelt tenderness, with aching pain and bright hope.

A wide, multi-colored, full of life and movement picture of the native land is composed in the poetry of Blok. Vast Russian distances, endless roads, deep rivers, gray huts, bonfires in the meadows, violent blizzards and blizzards, bloody sunsets, fiery round dances and dashing harmonics, factory chimneys and horns, factories and cities ... This is Blok's Russia. (1.5- nineteen)

Criticism of works by other poets.

ML. Voloshin:“The poem“ The Twelve ”is one of the most beautiful artistic renditions of revolutionary reality. Without betraying himself, or his methods, or forms, Blok wrote a deeply real and - surprisingly - lyrically objective thing. They say that Blok is a Bolshevik, that he is friendly with the Bolshevik rulers, but I do not think that he could be a Bolshevik according to the program, in essence, because what does a poet like Blok care about the fierce struggle of two such distant human classes ... . ". (3,1)

V.V. Mayakovsky:“The work of Alexander Blok is a whole poetic era, the era of the recent past.

The most glorious symbolist master Blok had a tremendous influence on all modern poetry. Blok honestly and enthusiastically approached our great revolution, but the subtle, graceful words of the Symbolist could not stand and lift its heavy, real, crudest images. In his famous poem “The Twelve”, translated into many languages, Blok overstrained. ”(3.1)

E.G. Etkind:“The ghostly stranger shines through the contrast. This is not just a lady in a black dress with ostrich feathers on her hat.

This poem is about prose and poetry, about the opposition and unity of hostile and tragically related elements to each other, about the transforming power of poetic fantasy, in some highly spiritual sense close to the transforming influence of wine, but, although the poet ends the poem with the words: “You, really, a drunken monster. / I know: the truth is in wine ”, his intoxication, his“ wine ”is different from that with which“ drunkards with the eyes of rabbits. ”(5,1) The power of this poetic, that is, allegorical, wine is that it through the dead prose of vulgarity, it allows you to see the poetic essence of the world - a single, integral world. ”(3,1)

Ivanov-Razumnik:“... The snow storm of the revolution begins from the very first lines of the poem. And from the very first lines its black sky and white snow are like symbols of the dual that is happening in the world, that is happening in every soul.
“Black evening,
White snow.
Wind, wind!
No man stands on his feet ... ”(4.1)

Black evening, White snow.
The whole poem is in this. And against this background, through a white snow veil, the poet draws with black clear strokes a picture of “revolutionary Petersburg” at the end of 1917.
And against this background, under the overhanging black sky, under the falling white snow - "twelve people are walking" ... Oh, the poet does not "poeticize" them at all! On the contrary. “In the teeth of a cigarette, they will crumple the cap, on the back we need an ace of diamonds!” ”(3.1)

G.V. Ivanov:“… In“ Poems about Russia ”- almost everything is perfect. How, they will ask us, because these are not entirely new verses? Where did the blunders and failures that were in Blok's early poems go? Yes, and most of all, the poet's impeccable skill is reflected in the book. The choice of verses is made in such a way that we do not dare to define it otherwise as "the providence of taste."

There are twenty-three poems in the book, and almost each is a new stage in the lyrical knowledge of Russia. From the first vague and bitter revelations to the final lines:

“And again we come to you, Russia,
Came from a foreign land. ”(2.1)

How do we remember Blok?

A.A. Blok was truly one of the most famous poets of the Silver Age. Intelligent, wise, sincere, mysterious, revolutionary and at the same time romantic and gentle, he remained in the memory of millions, and possibly more people. His works can take the reader to the vast expanses of the Russian land, and during the revolution, and even plunge into a mysterious and enigmatic atmosphere. While working on my report, I found out something new about Blok. Before, I could not even think that a poet like Blok could live in his invented world of dreams and fantasies. In fact, it was only an illusion, which he lived for a long time and persistently. And yet the stormy events of that time, changes in society forced the poet to "mature" and gave impetus to a new, completely different stage of his work.

Is it important for young people of our time to read the works of Blok? I'm sure yes. After reading his poems, everyone will be able to find some cherished lines for themselves, be it a young man in love or a young thinker, learn events from our history, and simply broaden their horizons. I would like people not to forget about the work of the great poet, and modern youth showed more interest in his works.

Bibliography.

1.Alexander Alexandrovich Blok Poems and poems: Textbook. manual for senior school age / A. Stolova, N. Vetlugina, L. Morgunova and others. - M .: Publishing house "Literatura artistike", 1978-183s.

2. http://er3ed.qrz.ru/blok-rodina.htm

3. http://lit-helper.com/p_Tvorchestvo_A_A__Bloka_v_kritike_i_literaturovedenii

4. http://stihi-rus.ru/1/Blok/34.htm

5. http://www.loveparadise.ru/poem-111.html

The Silver Age is a short period in the development of Russian literature. By the strength and energy of amazing creatures, the poetry of that time was proclaimed a worthy successor to the greatest artistic discoveries of Russian classical literature of the 19th century. But the poets of the Silver Age not only developed the traditions of their predecessors, but also created unique masterpieces. The poetry of this period is amazing and unique.
Symbolism is one of the artistic trends of the Silver Age, which many poets adhered to. Speaking of symbolism, it is necessary

Note that he turned to eternal ideas that are important to humans. Of all the Symbolist poets, the work of Alexander Blok is closest to me. I consider him one of the brightest representatives of the Silver Age.
Blok is an outstanding phenomenon in Russian poetry. He is one of the most remarkable symbolist poets. He never deviated from symbolism: neither in youthful poems, full of fogs and dreams, nor in more mature works. The literary heritage of Alexander Blok is vast and varied. It has become a part of our culture and life, helping to understand the origins of spiritual searches, to understand the past.
As the poet himself argued, his lyrics in all its diversity are a single work. This work, created all his life, is a reflection of his creative path. "Collected Poems" in three volumes have been compiled by Blok for many years. From this collection, it is easy to trace the formation of Blok as a poet, a gradual transition from dreams to reality. The transition, of course, is very conditional, but noticeable.
The poems of the young Blok are striking in their purity and tenderness. Of course, he is not free from the influence of his predecessors and contemporaries, but this does not prevent him from creating his own, unique. The poet entered the world of people with love and faith in a bright and pure world. Falling in love is one of the main motives of his lyrics. The path to the world, according to Blok, should be carried out with the help of love. And this is exactly what can be traced in "Poems about the Beautiful Lady." Blok is in search of the ideal, Eternal Femininity.
I have a presentiment of you.
Years pass by -
All in the guise of one I foresee You.
The entire horizon is on fire - and unbearably clear,
And I wait silently - longing and loving.
In his dedications to the Beautiful Lady, he leaves the surrounding reality, locks himself into his thoughts.
From the later work of Blok, I like the poem "Stranger". At the first reading, you are simply amazed at the beauty and magnetism of the image of a mysterious stranger created by the poet:
And they blow with ancient beliefs
Her elastic silks
And a hat with mourning feathers
And in the rings is a narrow hand.
But dreams of a Beautiful Lady cannot protect Blok from real life.
Reality still penetrates his world. The poems "Factory", "Satie", "On the railway" and these lines appear:
How hard it is to walk among people
And pretend to be infallible
And about the play of tragic passions
To narrate to those who have not yet lived.
The events of the early twentieth century had a decisive influence on his revision of life values.
We are the children of the terrible years of Russia -
Nothing can be forgotten.
Blok moves away from dreams and increasingly looks reality in the eyes. Youthful daydreaming is being replaced by an awareness of one's civic duty, an understanding of responsibility to one's country. Alexander Blok feels for the Motherland, on the one hand, a feeling of love, longing for her, compassion, and on the other, faith in its wonderful future and a desire to change the life of his people for the better. It is this excitement for the future of the Motherland that overwhelms the lyrical hero in the poem "The Twelve". The poem is filled with symbols. It begins immediately with a sharp contrast: “Black evening. White snow". Black - evil, storm, spontaneity, unpredictability, white - purity, spirituality, light. Red is also found in the poem. It is not only the color of flags and slogans, it is the color of blood.
Blok has a cycle of poems “On the Kulikovo Field”, where in every word one can feel a great love for the Motherland. “Oh, my Rus! My wife!" - this is how the poet addresses her, that is, not only as a living person, but as the closest being in the world. The image of Russia is imperceptibly intertwined with the female image all the time. For Blok, Motherland is a woman; she is like the “beautiful stranger” to whom the poet addresses in his early poems. For Blok, love for the Motherland and love for a woman are inseparable and equally significant concepts.
Despite the fact that the work of Alexander Blok fell on a rather difficult period in the life of Russia, his searches and delusions in search of a bright, beautiful life, life in the name of man, humanity and love remain relevant to this day. His early dreams of the Beautiful Lady, the search for the Eternal Feminine, give rise to thought for the current young generation. True love is to this day one of the driving forces in the life of mankind. Blok died early, but his poems excite people, they help us live.

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An essay on literature on the topic: My favorite poet of the Silver Age (A. A. Blok)

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My favorite poet of the Silver Age (A. A. Blok)

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1. Milestones of the poet of the "Silver Age"

BLOK Alexander Alexandrovich, Russian poet, born on November 16 (28), 1880, in St. Petersburg.

He began his poetic activity in the spirit of symbolism (Poems about the Beautiful Lady, 1904), the feeling of a crisis of which he proclaimed in the drama Balaganchik (1906).

Blok's lyrics, which are close to music in their "spontaneity", were formed under the influence of romance. Through the deepening of social tendencies (cycle "City", 1904-1908), comprehension of the "terrible world" (cycle of the same name 1908-1916), awareness of the tragedy of modern man (play "Rose and Cross", 1912-1913) came to the idea of the inevitability of "retribution "(Cycle of the same name 1907-1913; cycle" Yamba ", 1907-1914; poem" Retribution ", 1910-1921). The main themes of poetry were resolved in the cycle "Homeland" (1907-1916).

He tried to comprehend the October Revolution in the poem "The Twelve" (1918), journalism. The rethinking of revolutionary events and the fate of Russia was accompanied by a deep creative crisis and depression.

2. Family. Childhood and education

Father, Alexander Lvovich Blok, - lawyer, professor of law at Warsaw University, mother, Alexandra Andreevna, nee Beketova (second marriage Kublitskaya-Piottukh) - translator, daughter of the rector of St. Petersburg University A.N. Beketov and translator E.N. Beketova ...

Blok's early years were spent in his grandfather's house. Among the brightest impressions for children and adolescents are the annual summer months in the Shakhmatovo estate near Moscow. In 1897, during a trip to the resort of Bad Nauheim (Germany), he experienced the first youthful hobby of K. M. Sadovskaya, to whom he dedicated a number of poems, which were then included in the Ante Lucem cycle (1898-1900) and in the collection Beyond the Boundary of Bygone Days (1920 ), as well as the cycle "In twelve years" (1909-14). After graduating from the Vvedenskaya gymnasium in St. Petersburg, he entered the law faculty of St. Petersburg University in 1898, but in 1901 he moved to the Faculty of History and Philology (graduated in 1906 in the Slavic-Russian department). Among the professors with whom Blok studied were F.F. Zelinsky, A.I.Sobolevsky, I.A. Shlyapkin, S.F. Platonov, A.I. Vvedensky, V.K. Ernstedt, B.V. Varnecke. In 1903 he married DI Mendeleev's daughter Lyubov Dmitrievna.

3. Creative debut

He began to write poetry at the age of 5, but conscious adherence to his vocation begins in 1900-01. The most important literary and philosophical traditions that influenced the formation of creative individuality are the teachings of Plato, the lyrics and philosophy of V.S.Solovyov, the poetry of A.A.Fet.

In March 1902 he met ZN Gippius and DS Merezhkovsky, who had a tremendous influence on him; in their journal Novy Put (1903, no. 3) Blok's creative debut, a poet and critic, took place.

In January 1903 he entered into a correspondence, in 1904 he personally met A. Bely, who became the poet closest to him among the younger Symbolists. In 1903, the Literary and Art Collection: Poems of Students of the Imperial St. Petersburg University was published, in which three of Blok's poems were published; In the same year, Blok's cycle "Poems about the Beautiful Lady" (the title was proposed by V. Ya. Bryusov) was published in the third book of the anthology "Northern Flowers".

In March 1904 he began work on the book Poems about the Beautiful Lady (1904, on the title page - 1905). The traditional romantic theme of love-service received in the "Poems about the Beautiful Lady" the new content that was introduced into it by the ideas of Vl. Solovyov about merging with the Eternal Feminine in Divine All-Unity, about overcoming the alienation of the individual from the world whole through a love feeling. The myth of Sophia, becoming the theme of lyric poetry, transforms beyond recognition in the inner world of the cycle, traditional natural, and in particular, "lunar" symbolism and attributes (the heroine appears in the sky, in the evening sky, she is white, a source of light, scatters pearls, emerges, disappears after sunrise, etc.).

4. Participation in the literary process of 1905-09

"Poems about the Beautiful Lady" revealed the tragic impracticability of "Solovyov's" life harmony (motives of "blasphemous" doubts about one's own "calling" and the beloved herself, capable of "changing her face"), confronting the poet with the need to search for other, more direct relationships with the world. The events of the 1905-07 revolution played a special role in shaping the Blok's world outlook, exposing the spontaneous, catastrophic nature of life. The theme of "elements" (images of a blizzard, blizzards, motives of the people's freemen, vagrancy) penetrates into the lyrics of this time and becomes the leading theme.

The image of the central heroine changes dramatically: the Beautiful Lady is replaced by the demonic Stranger, the Snow Mask, the schismatic gypsy Faina. The block is actively involved in literary everyday life, is published in all symbolist journals ("Questions of Life", "Libra", "Pass", "Golden Fleece"), almanacs, newspapers ("Word", "Rech", "Hour", etc.). ), acts not only as a poet, but also as a playwright and literary critic (since 1907 he has been leading a critical section in the Golden Fleece), unexpectedly for his fellow symbolism, revealing an interest and closeness to the traditions of democratic literature.

Contacts in the literary and theatrical environment are becoming more and more diverse: Blok attends the “Young Circle”, which brought together writers close to the “new art” (V.V. Gippius, S.M. Gorodetsky, E.P. Ivanov, L.D. Semenov, A.A.Kondratyev and others). Since 1905 he has been visiting Wednesday at the Vyach Tower. I. Ivanov, from 1906 - "Saturdays" in the theater of V. F. Komissarzhevskaya, where V. E. Meyerhold staged his first play "Balaganchik" (1906). NN Volokhova, an actress of this theater, becomes the subject of his stormy enthusiasm, the book of poems "Snow Mask" (1907), the cycle "Faina" (1906-08) are dedicated to her; her features - a "tall beauty" in "elastic black silks" with "shining eyes" - define the appearance of "spontaneous" heroines in the lyrics of this period, in "The Tale of the One Who Won't Understand Her" (1907), in the plays " The Stranger "," The King in the Square "(both 1906)," The Song of Fate "(1908). Collections of poetry (Unexpected Joy, 1907; Earth in the Snow, 1908) and plays (Lyric Dramas, 1908) are published.

The bloc publishes critical articles, makes reports at the St. Petersburg Religious and Philosophical Society (Russia and the Intelligentsia, 1908, Elements and Culture, 1909). The problem of "the people and the intelligentsia", key for the creativity of this period, determines the sound of all the themes developed in his articles and poems: the crisis of individualism, the artist's place in the modern world, etc. His poems about Russia, in particular the cycle "On the Kulikovo Field" ( 1908), combine the images of the motherland and the beloved (Wife, Bride), imparting a special intimate intonation to patriotic motives. The controversy around articles about Russia and the intelligentsia, their generally negative assessment in criticism and journalism, the growing awareness by Blok himself that a direct appeal to a wide democratic audience did not take place, leads him in 1909 to gradual disappointment with the results of his journalistic activities.

5. The crisis of symbolism and creativity 1910-17

Blok's trip to Italy in the spring and summer of 1909 became a period of “reappraisal of values” for Blok. Against the background of political reaction in Russia and an atmosphere of smug European philistinism, high classical art became the only salutary value, which, as he later recalled, “burned” him on his Italian trip. This complex of sentiments is reflected not only in the cycle Italian Poems (1909) and the unfinished book of prosaic essays Lightning of Art (1909-20), but also in the report On the Current State of Russian Symbolism (April 1910). Drawing a line under the history of the development of symbolism as a strictly outlined school, Blok stated the end and exhaustion of a huge stage of his own creative and life path and the need for "spiritual diet", "courageous discipleship" and "self-deepening".

The inheritance after the death of his father at the end of 1909 freed Blok for a long time from worries about literary earnings and made it possible to concentrate on a few major artistic plans. Having distanced himself from active journalistic activity and from participation in the life of literary and theatrical bohemia, in 1910 he began to work on the great epic poem "Retribution" (was not completed).

In 1912-13 he wrote the play The Rose and the Cross. After the publication of the collection Night Hours in 1911, Blok revised his five books of poetry into a three-volume collection of poems (vols. 1-3, 1911-12). Since that time, Blok's poetry has existed in the mind of the reader as a single "lyrical trilogy", a unique "novel in verse" that creates a "myth about the path." During the poet's lifetime, the three-volume edition was reprinted in 1916 and 1918-21. In 1921, Blok began preparing a new edition, but managed to finish only the 1st volume. Each subsequent edition includes everything significant that was created between the editors: the cycle "Carmen" (1914), dedicated to the singer L. A. Andreeva-Delmas, the poem "The Nightingale Garden" (1915), poems from the collections of "Yamba" (1919) , "Gray Morning" (1920).

Since the fall of 1914, Blok has been working on the publication of The Poems of Apollo Grigoriev (1916) as a compiler, author of an introductory article and commentator. On July 7, 1916, he was drafted into the army, served as a timekeeper of the 13th engineering and construction brigade of the Zemsky and City Unions near Pinsk. After the February Revolution of 1917, Blok returned to Petrograd and became a member of the Extraordinary Commission of Inquiry to investigate the crimes of the tsarist government as an editor of verbatim records. The materials of the investigation were summarized by him in the book "The Last Days of the Imperial Power" (1921, published posthumously).

6. Philosophy of culture and poetry in 1917-21

After the October Revolution, Blok unequivocally declares its position, answering the questionnaire "Can the intelligentsia work with the Bolsheviks?" "Intellectuals and Revolution", and a month later - the poem "Twelve" and the poem "Scythians". The Bloc's position was sharply rebuffed by Z. N. Gippius, D. S. Merezhkovsky, F. Sologub, Vyach. Ivanov, G. I. Chulkov, V. Pyasta, A. A. Akhmatova, M. M. Prishvin, Yu. I. Aikhenvald, I. G. Ehrenburg and others. Bolshevik criticism, sympathetically speaking about his "merging with the people" , with noticeable wariness spoke about the alienation of the poem to the Bolshevik ideas about revolution (L. D. Trotsky, A. V. Lunacharsky, V. M. Fritsche). The greatest bewilderment was caused by the figure of Christ in the finale of the poem "The Twelve". However, criticism contemporary to Blok did not notice the rhythmic parallelism and overlapping of motives with Pushkin's "Demons" and did not appreciate the role of the national myth of devilry in understanding the meaning of the poem.

After "Twelve" and "Scythians" Blok wrote comic poems "in case", prepares the last edition of the "lyric trilogy", but did not create new original poems until 1921. At the same time, since 1918, a new upsurge in prose art begins. The poet makes cultural-philosophical reports at meetings of Wolfila - Free Philosophical Association ("The Collapse of Humanism" - 1919, "Vladimir Soloviev and Our Days" - 1920), at the School of Journalism ("Katilina" - 1918), writes lyrical fragments (" Neither Dreams nor Reality ”,“ Confessions of a Pagan ”), feuilletons (“ Russian Dandies ”,“ Compatriots ”,“ Answer to the Question of the Red Seal ”).

A huge amount of what has been written is connected with the official activities of the Bloc: after the revolution, for the first time in his life, he was forced to seek not only literary earnings, but also civil service.

In September 1917 he became a member of the Theater and Literary Commission, from the beginning of 1918 he cooperated with the Theater Department of the People's Commissariat for Education, in April 1919 he moved to the Bolshoi Drama Theater. At the same time he became a member of the editorial board of the publishing house "World Literature" under the leadership of M. Gorky, since 1920 - the chairman of the Petrograd branch of the Union of Poets.

Initially, Blok's participation in cultural and educational institutions was motivated by convictions about the duty of the intelligentsia to the people. However, the acute discrepancy between the poet's ideas about the "cleansing revolutionary element" and the bloody everyday life of the coming totalitarian bureaucratic regime led to more and more disappointment in what was happening and forced the poet to look for spiritual support again. In his articles and diary entries, the motive of the catacomb existence of culture appears. Blok's thoughts about the indestructibility of true culture and about the "secret freedom" of the artist, opposing the attempts of the "new rabble" to encroach on it, were expressed in the speech "On the appointment of a poet" at the evening in memory of A.S. Pushkin and in the poem "To the Pushkin House" (February 1921), which became his artistic and human testament.

In April 1921, the growing depression turns into a mental disorder, accompanied by heart disease. On August 7, Blok died. In obituaries and posthumous memoirs, he constantly repeated his words from a speech dedicated to Pushkin about the "absence of air" that kills poets.

List of used literature

1. Anikeev AP Russian poets of the Silver Age. -M .: Thought, 2003

2. Magomedova D. M. Blok Alexander Alexandrovich. -M .: Education, 1981

3. Russian literature. Encyclopedia for children. -M .: Avanta +, 2004

Cycle of poems "On the Kulikovo field". Poems about the past, present and future of Russia.

Blok's poetic skill grows from book to book. “I consciously and irrevocably devote my whole life to this topic. I realize more and more clearly that this is the first question, the most vital, the most real. After all, here is life or death, happiness or destruction, "Blok wrote in 1908. In Blok's poems, one can find picturesque pictures of Russian nature and great images of the past, deep thoughts, exciting stories about human destinies, romances and songs, angry satire, high citizenship. Read carefully the poems of Alexander Blok"The nineteenth century ...", "Autumn will", "The river spreads out."

Reflect on them yourself:

What is the mood tone of "Autumn Will"?

How does the poet say about the Motherland?

How are Blok's poems similar to those of Lermontov ("I go out on the road alone")? (In tone, thirst for active action, familiarity with the native land, regret for wasted energy and time).

Read aloud the poems "Rus", "Russia", "On the Kulikovo field". Pay attention to the fact that at the Block the image first appearsMotherland - "mysterious", with "legends of antiquity", and then in his poems appears "alive, powerful and youngRussia ”, full of life, wide, diverse. The poet is attracted by the endless Russian expanses and roads, deep rivers and flaming mountain ash, bonfires in distant meadows, the eternal knocking at the gates, rural churches, gray huts, impoverished villages, loose ruts, milestones. He feels the coming changes and predicts "high and rebellious days" for his homeland, believes in its strength. Compare with the final work of Blok - the poem "Scythians". So what does the poet see as the strength and might of his country?

The main means of artistic expression in Blok's poems is sound writing, he sensitively listens to the sounds of future changes. Pay attention to the fact that a number of metaphors and images that embody the unrestrained vortex movement pass through all the verses: wind, snow blizzard, blizzard ...

I advise you to memorize the analyzed poems: this will help you better understand them, understand their artistic value, and educate a real reader in yourself, because being a good reader is also a talent.

Alexander Blok - favorite poet of the Silver Age

Plan

1.Biography and creative path of the poet

2.My favorite works of Blok

3. My impression of Blok and his work

My favorite poet of the Silver Age is Alexander Alexandrovich Blok. A talented man with a difficult fate, broken by war, revolution and illness, lived only 40 years. He became famous as a publicist, critic, playwright, but a rich collection of poems left the most significant mark. The poet knew how to bewitch with words, enveloping the prosaic and ordinary with mysticism, plunging into the mysterious depths of images and fantasies.

The poet was born in 1880 in St. Petersburg, in an intelligent family. Alexander received a decent education, having studied first at the Vvedenskaya gymnasium, and then at St. Petersburg University, first at the law, and then at the Faculty of History and Philology.

The student years bring him together with friends and future colleagues. Alexander's creative abilities manifested themselves very early: at the age of 5 he wrote his first poem, and from 10 he began to conduct journalistic activities in magazines. In 1904, the first published collection "Poems about the Beautiful Lady" was published, dedicated to his beloved wife Lyubov Mendeleeva, feelings for whom Blok will carry through his whole life, through the difficulties and temporary chills inherent in his rebellious soul.

In the future, Alexander continues to develop in the poetic field, travels around Europe, makes new acquaintances. These impressions have a productive effect on his career. The October Revolution gives him a new breath. Drawing inspiration from the popular revolt, Blok is engaged in journalistic activities and writes the famous poem "The Twelve", caustic, metaphorical and ingenious.

The ending of the poet's life is tragic: the Soviet power, to which he was completely devoted, did not spare him. In 1921, a heart disease ends the life of a still young man. Until the last hour, his Beautiful Lady, the permanent muse Lyubov Mendeleev, remains with him.

It should be noted the delightful "Stranger", one of the most recognizable works of the poet. Mired in the turmoil of life, Alexander was looking for consolation and found him in the form of a lady under a veil. The patriotic poem "on the Kulikovo field", where the poet with great trepidation expresses his devotion to his long-suffering homeland, cannot but move.

The poem "Demon" (Go, follow me - obedient ...) conquers with a frightening beauty, which, nevertheless, I really want to touch. The author lures and retains the reader with a magnificent syllable just as masterfully as the lyrical and dangerous hero is an unhappy girl.

Alexander was a difficult man, contradictory, amenable to passions. Personal characteristics and the talent presented to him from above made it possible to present ordinary problems and emotions familiar to every person in a new, unusual light. Blok's poetry is very complex: metaphors and symbols make you think about what exactly is meant, but this is its value and charm.