The end of the verbs 1 and 2 of the rjing rule. Studying parts of speech: how to determine the surge of the verb in Russian

§ 1 Hiding verbs

Hiding is a permanent morphological sign of the verb. Knowledge of the leaning of verb allows us to properly write the unstressed end of the verb. Recall that in Russian there are two hinge of verbs: the first (I) and the second (II).

Determine the lining can be used in various ways. To select a method for determining the arrangement, first of all, it is necessary to designate the emphasis in the word and determine, shock or unstable is the end. If the end of the verb is shock, then the lifting is determined at the end, using the rule:

To the Iceliness include verbs with personal endings:

Y, -y, "you,", ",", "," do you, ",", ",", do, "do;"

To the II withdrawal includes verbs with personal endings:

Y, -y, ",", ",", -t, -at, "say.

If the end of the verb is unstressed, it is possible to determine the liner in the following ways.

Put the verb in the form of 3 faces of the plural. If the verb in the form of 3 persons of the plural has endings -t - / -, therefore, it is a verb of the first auction, if the verb has an end-to--/ - yat-verley of the second rigging.

The surge of the verb can be determined in another way.

It is necessary to put the verb to an indefinite form (answering the question - what to do?). To highlight the verb suffix - and the verb suffix before-. If the verb has in the suffix before-vocabulary, it is the verb of the second liner. Sufifixes -A- ,-, -I, -E- ,-, -U- belong to the verbs of the first auction.

Consider several examples.

The verb "Sow" has an unstressed ending. In order not to make a mistake in writing the end, we put the verb in the form of 3 faces of the plural - they (what will they do?) "Sow." The end of the verb is indicated that this is the verb of the first lion.

We use the second way. We put the verb "lay" in an indefinite form (what to do?) Save. In the word "sow" before suffix, there is a suffix - which indicates the first hiddenness.

Determine the leasing of the verb "Shalit". Denote the emphasis in the word, it falls on the vowel. The end of the verb is under the stress. Consequently, this is the verb of the second rigging.

§ 2 verbs-exceptions

We define the leasing of the verb "see". We will put the emphasis, it falls on the vowel on the root of the word. The end of the verb is unknown. To determine the hinge of the verb, we will put it in the form of 3 faces of the plural - (what they do?) They are "watching." The end of the verb is to indicate us for the second lifting.

We use another way to determine the surgery of the verb, for this we will put the verb "See" in an indefinite form - (what to do?) "Watch". The verb suffix is \u200b\u200bbefore, - indicates us that the verb of the first lungery.

Consider another example. Determine the leasing of the verb "Keep". The end of the verb is unknown. We put the verb "Keep" in the form of 3 faces of the plural - (what they do?) They "hold". The end is -An indicates us for the second leaping of the verb. And if you put the verb, keep in an indefinite form - (what to do?) - Keep, we see that suffix -A- Before, indicates to us on the first lion.

Why are we in the last two cases - for the verbs of "watch" and "Keep" - got different answers? After all, we correctly took advantage of the method of determining the arrangement. The answer is simple. In Russian, there are verbs of exceptions, they do not obey these rules, they are all 13.

Thus, the first arrangement includes verbs "shave", "string", having under the uncertain form of suffix-and- before. When changing on persons and numbers, the named verbs take the end of the I hideings. For example:

In 1 face - I am stelya, we are a stele.

In 2 face - you are a stel, you are a rack.

In 3 face - he is a stele, they are a stel.

Exceptions to watch, see, hate, tolerate, offend, thrust, depend, breathe, hear, keep and chant (all of them 11) refer to second lining, in an indefinite form they have suffix -a- or -e- before -. When changing for individuals and numbers, the named verbs take the end of the II of the rigging. For example:

In 1 face - I look, we look.

In 2 face - you look, you look.

In 3 face - he looks, they look.

Remember the verbs-exceptions of the second rigging will help "counting":

The verbs formed from the verb exceptions with a submissive way or with the help of -pox are also the same type of leasing.

For example: drive, chase, drive, drive, overtake, etc. - Hinders II verbs, as well as verbs to watch, look, view, review, see, look after, etc. And verbs should be sharpening, to store, WELL, WORK, PLACE, etc. are the verbs of the I Hiding.

List of references:

1. Reference manual in the Russian language. O.V. Piezoova, E.A. Nefedova. CJSC "Premier", 1999.
2. Pounding developments in the Russian language. IS HE. Krylova, L.Yu. Samsonova. Exam, M.: 2008.
3. Learning playing. V. Volin. New School, M.: 1994.
4. Learn Russian with hobby. O.E. Zhereiko, L.I. Gaidin, A.V. Kochergin. "5 for knowledge", M.: 2005.
5. Russian language. 4th grade. Book for teacher. T.G. Ramzayev. Drop, M.: 2000.

Hiding is a change in verbs on persons and numbers.

There are two types of hiding: first (I) and second (II).
The leaning of the verb is determined by its endings when changing themselves.

The leaning of the verb can be determined. personal endingsif it is shock.

If the end unknownthen you need to put the verb in an indefinite form and determine which vowel stands before -t..

Verbs ending on -the, -t, -t, ", - though, -t,refer to I Hiding.

The verbs include II HIDE, Besides shave, strip, Sizzle.

There are 11 verb exceptionswho are hidden by type II. They are easily remembered in such poems:
To the second solving
We will take away without a doubt
All verbs that is to be
(Excluding shaving, string),
As well as:
Hear, see and offend
Drive, keep and hate
and breathe, watch, twist,
And depend on, and tolerate.

And still there different verbs, the change of which on persons allows us to see the ending I.hinders, T. II.: want, run, honor And all the verbs formed from the above.

Verb to want Has ending I Hiding in all forms of units. The numbers and end of the II of the Hidness in all forms of MN. numbers.
Verb run Has the end of the II of the Hidness in all forms, except 3 persons MN. The numbers where it has the end of the I hide.
Verb honor It can either be partitioned, or refer to the II of the singe, which depends on the form of 3 persons. numbers chew / honor.

In addition, there are verbs, part of the personal endings of which are not represented in neither I, nor in the II of the Hinders. Such verbs have sPECIAL HELP. it there is and to give and all formed from them ( eat, pass), as well as verbs associated with data by origin ( bored, create). They presented the following endings:

Most verbs feature all possible facial forms and numbers, but there are also verbs that have no or other forms at all or are not usually used. So, in the verbs defeat, find yourself, see there is no form of 1 person. numbers. Cannot say I'm victory. Right: i can win, I won a victory.

Tasks lesson:

• Educational:
  • development and consolidation of general concepts (consolidation of previously studied);
  • prophoving the studied algorithms (the ability to choose and prove to various ways to writing unstressed endings of verbs through the prompting dialogue and productive (creative) task).
• Developing:
  • develop cognitive and creative abilities, the ability to work in groups and individually.
• Educational:
  • formation of interest in Russian lessons, the ability to predict, organize and evaluate its activities.

Equipment:plan, Board, Signal Cards (Color and Held Cards), poetic memorization methods (visual supports), cards with tasks.

Board:

like famously

Beating Swan Medium Sybai ...

To the sea only pET . T. is he.

That's hearing . T. Like moan ...

Neopreform 2 l. units 3 l. Multi.

suit
hear
look
see

DURING THE CLASSES:

1. Organizational moment

2. Minute of cleaning(AT, Yat; Ut, b)

3. Wise work

- Who declares about yourself?

What about items without me?
Only names. And I will come -
It will come into action - the rocket flies,
People build buildings, flower gardens,
And bread in the field grows.

- Write down the verb. Insert the missing letter. Check out the stress.

* If the letter is vowel
Caused doubt
You immediately
Put under the stress.

dummy . RT - Warrka
Ott. . read -
OTB Ham - Run
rel. STI - NES

- Where is the unstressed vowels? (Fundamentally).

- Which part of speech are recorded words? (Verbs).

- What is called verb? (Denotes the action of the subject; is the main member in the proposal; answers questions: " what did you do”, “what is he doing”, “what will do”).

- What are these verbs like? (According to word formation). List their shares.

- And also? (These are verbs in the initial form - infinitive).

- What is this form of verb? What is its role?

1) Infinitive + " will"\u003d Future time;

2) expresses emotions and feelings (Love, indign, suffer, roar);

3) when determining the unstressed personal ending of verbs can be confused -E. and -and : -t.(Ii), -It(I).

4. Setting the problem

- Read the joke poem:

To chicken neighbor
Pure naked shave ,
It would be necessary on a stool
Two napkins sitting .

- In this poem, the support is made on the verbs of an indefinite form.

(2 students work at the board. Change the verbs on persons. The remaining students work in notebooks. Pencils allocate the endings of verbs).

- Finished? We will spend self-test according to the rules.

5. Discovery by children theme lesson

- Why is the task look like the previous one, and different answers? Why didn't you manage immediately? You used the previously studied algorithm. So, these are special words, special verbs that do not obey these rules, i.e. this is - exceptions from rules .

- We return to the topic of the lesson: Exception verbs.

6. Meet the Rule

- Let me read the excerpt from the work of A.S. Pushkin "Tale of Tsar Saltan". Check the unstressed endings of verbs.

- We will spend self-test according to the rules.

- Finished? Who wants to speak? (Variation of opinions).

- As we have already talked, there are 11 surveys of the exceptions of the II of the Holyness:

7. Physical Pause

- Close your eyes, apply.

(Explosion. Work in pairs. Mute - 1 and 2 options).

Help in verse

Drive, keep, watch and see
breathe, hear, hate
and depend, and tweak,
And offend, and tolerate.
You remember friends,
Them on " -E. "- it is impossible to hide.

- in these verbs we write only: " -and” (you see, is he sees And they see)

Cheerful rhymes

How will you start me rat,
I stop breathe,
Stop ears hear,
Well, the hands are all keep.
On me begin look,
You will be me vertette –
I will be all equal tolerate,
I will be from you depend,
Once you could offend.
I will not be you see,
And openly hate.

8. Primary fixing

Despite the beauty of speech, the Russian language is recognized as the world community the most difficult and difficult in development. This is due to the variety of rules and exceptions from them. Special attention is required to have the words - exceptions 1 and 2 of the linings among.

The curriculum of any secondary school includes the topic of the verbs of exceptions 1 and 2 of the auction. Acquaintance with the hiddenness of verbs in Russian, as well as exceptions occur within the framework of the grade 4. With the occurrence of the school year, the teacher prepares students to master the skill.

The lining of verbs in Russian is a modification of their form. Hiding is a grammatical sign of a regular character. Transformation is carried out on the basis of the person, the number as well as time. The verb varies from the position of the present and future time.

Note!During the hide, the endings of verbs change.

The ending conversion often does not create difficulties for students. There are no doubts in correctly writing. In such cases, the verb end is the shock part. However, in the absence of emphasis in the morpheme, the problem becomes an obvious.

In order not to make a mistake in the correct writing of the end, you should check. The rule is used with the following algorithm of actions:

• The word causing doubts in spelling is put in the initial form. The goal is to define the letters to which it ends. Infinitive is formed, or an indefinite (initial) form. Among the possible options for letters before, it is customary to allocate such as "a", "s", "and", "y", "e", "me", "o". Based on the identified letter, the following checkout is carried out.
• In the event that there is "and" before the letterproof, then the verb refers to 2 solving. Other options for letters define 1 hiddenness.

Note! The above-described verification rule is not applicable for verbs in case of an unstressed end.

Consider an example of determining the verb ending. Take the verbs of 1 conjugation "draw", "germinate."

As a result of their change, we obtain the following options:

• 1 face - drawing, shit; Draw, germinate;
• 2 face - draw, germinate; Draw, germinate;
• 3 person - draws, germinate; Draw, germinate.

As examples of 2 hides, take the verbs "to cut", "purchase", "hold". In the course of their change, we obtain the following options:

• 1 face - cut, buy, then it is done; Changing, buy, hold;
• 2 face - you catch up, buy, hold; Change, buy, hold;
• 3 Person - Changing, will be purchased, holds; Change, buy, finish.

The results of testing at times are associated with the emergence of difficulties. The essence of the problem is the presence of exceptions. Their peculiarity consists in unsulking the existing laws of the Russian language. Regardless of the regulations for the verification and the foundations of spelling, it remains unclear how to properly display the verb endings in the writing.

Cases of contradictions

In the absence of emphasis in part of personal endings, conflicting situations may arise. To clarify the assault, the infinitive is required. The uncertain form will allow you to identify the end.

Variations of verbs are advisable to submit in the following form:

• Level glasses 1. In the infinitive embodiment, they end up. The fact of the presence of 4 verbs of the exceptions is taken into account. Presented with 3 verbs that form a group of exceptions with a similar ending. This category includes: squeeze, shave, stroll. This also includes words on - thu, -t, -ay. All endings are allowed. Examples are: grinding, riding, sneaking.
• Glages of 2 Hinders. Have a suffix part-in. Measure the presence of a suffix part-in characteristic of 7 verbs. This category includes: tolerate, hate, see, depend, thrust, offend, watch. Among exceptions and 4 verbs to have: hear, breathe, keep, chant.

When considering the verbs of the exceptions of 1 and 2 of the toughness, as well as their unoblords, the generally accepted rule should not forget about the presence of a pavement of the category of verbs: run, want, to honor. Also highlighted their derivatives. They are characterized by partial lifting on both types.

There are verbs with endings that correspond to a special definition system. This category includes: give, there is. Also allowed in this group derivatives from them. They are inherent in the lack of belonging to any conjunction. This allows them to be related to the number of exceptions from the rules.

Memorization of special cases

For the convenience of students, teachers and all those who wish to master the Russian language, there is a special poem with an exception on the verbs of exceptions 1 and 2 of the linguage.

Note!Having learned the text from the exclusion set, it is possible to facilitate the process of memorization.

The poem is a set of exceptions. Their combination is performed in the rhymed form. The presence of rhyme in the text not only contributes to the learning process, but also interests students.

The purpose of creating a rhymed text is to simplify the memorization primarily for students. Adults are able to create their own memorization options. It is allowed to form not only unique texts. Among the individual groups of students there is an examination of exceptions in the form of drawings.

There are many poems on the expanses of the Internet space. Their main purpose is to memorize special cases.

Among the most common are the following:

• To the second, all the verbs will be treated without a doubt, excluding "shaving, string." And also remember too: "And" in their endings to write the wrong!
• Drive, breathe, keep, offend, hear, see, hate, and depend, and tolerate, but also to look, thrust. Now remember, please, friends, "E" in their endings to write at all impossible.

Useful video

Let's summarize

Knowledge of the Russian language is perfect - the highest measure of a competent person. An important skill - the ability to correctly determine the lifting. To simplify the memorization of exceptions from the Rules, learning texts in the form of poems is allowed.

In contact with

The greatest difficulties in studying the course of morphology in students cause 1 and 2 conjugation. They are very often confused with each other, forget a rather big list of exceptions. How to quickly and efficiently explore this topic? Let's try to figure it out further.

Verb as part of speech

Before you begin to study the end of the end, it is necessary to figure out in some intricacies.

What makes our speech "move", to revive inanimate objects, be dynamic? Of course,

Without it, our language is simply impossible to imagine. It would be difficult for us if this part of speech suddenly disappeared. Even describing the static object, we still use it. In the artistic literature, verbs are used as an effective means of artistic imagery and expressiveness.

For example, an impersonation, reviving items, never costs without verb. Compare: The clock arrow moves in a circle. Clock go. In which case does our imagination begins to play? Undoubtedly, in the second. The language becomes more "alive", bright. Of course, the clock has no legs, but, nevertheless, it is precisely on the similarity of the movement and an personification was built. This includes examples: river is rushing, the wind will, the thunderstorm rages.

It is thanks to the verbs that a figurative, expressive feeling is created.

Hiding is ...

Getting Started with the end of the verbs of 1 and 2 hides, we need to find out what this term means.

Almost every part of speech in its own way can change. Nouns, for example, - by cases and numbers. The adjectives, in addition, are also changing according to childbirth. How is the case with the verb? It can be changed by persons as well as numbers. This is exactly what is called Hiding. Each of them has its own set, they are confused among themselves. And we will find out how to remember these nuances qualitatively and no longer perform written and oral errors.

It is worth reminding another important rule to which the hinge of verbs belongs. 1, 2, 3 - only declination! And the surges at the verb are only two. About them and talk more.

1 Hiding

The greatest number of questions in the course of studying parts of speech cause the end of the hinge of verbs. It should be determined by infinitive. To the first it is customary to belong to those in the initial form ends on - Treat (Curbed), - "Break), - ie (root)," Say (walk)other .

But, as in any rule, there are verbs-exceptions 1 2 of the linguance.

So, to the first one also includes two more words ending on - : shave and strip. This is explained by the historical changes in these forms.

How will we determine the lifting? Very simple: put the word in the initial form. She answers the question "What to do?".

For example: Students make lessons. Verb do We lead to the initial form - do. We look at what he ends. In this case, it -t. Accordingly, we will take such a word to first solving.

2 Hiding

The endings of the verbs 1 and 2 of the linings are very similar to each other. But if you know how to distinguish them correctly, it will not arise difficulties.

To the second conjunction, it is customary to attribute those ends on "To say, build, come." As mentioned above, it does not include words to this list. shave, as well as strip.

In this case, exceptions are much more than in the first auction. To the second we will take still even eleven exceptions.

These are seven verbs on -the: offend (kitten), thrust (ball), depend on (from circumstances), to see (beauty), hate (arrogance), watch (film), tolerate (bullying).Also here we will take four words on "To drive (in the neck), keep (in hand), breathe (quickly), hear (song).

Determining the ending of the verbs of 1 and 2 of the toughness, it is necessary to know the list of exceptions in advance.

Find out to which of them is the word, easy.

Example: The baby is very dependent on the mother.

Verb depends put in the initial form - depend. It would seem, everything is simple, it ends on -theTherefore, there must be 1 SPR. But, remembering the exceptions, we will change our point of view: he, as if, consists of this list and refers to 2 SPR.

One more example: Workers are building a new home.

In the initial form of verb build ends on -t.. It is no exception, and therefore we boldly take it to second solving. Therefore, be careful, starting task.

It will be better help to remember 1, 2 lingers of verbs table.

With its help, the information becomes more structured and remembered better.

Change by persons

Now we know the personal endings of the verbs - the next stage that must be learned.

As we have already noted, this part of speech has the ability to change on persons.

Recall: in order to determine, to the 1st, the 2nd or 3rd face, the verb belongs, it is necessary to substitute appropriate pronouns to it.

To the first person, the word I (units) or we (MN.ch.): I ask, write.

To the second you need to substitute you (units) or you (MN.ch.): you say, look.

By the third - he (it or she) either they (MN.ch.).: shines, think.

Those endings that were as a result of this and call personal.

Slotting verbs at shock ending

Not in all cases, we will doubt how to write the word given to us. If the stress falls in the verb to the end, we, without thinking, will be used correctly.

For example: They say, fly, come.

In this situation, the end is in a strong position, which does not cause any difficulties.

Be careful if the word is in infinitive. Sometimes emphasis can only be misleading. For example, the verb "live". It ends on -t.which is shock. But at the same time in personal uniform in the PNSHIMER, the word has the end -oot (live). And this means that it needs to be attributed to the first sidusing. Therefore, make sure that the emphasis falls on the end only when the word is only in personal shape.

Complex cases

And what to do when the end is unstable? At such a case, there is a special set of personal endings for which we learn about the lesion.

At first auction in one one is always present the letter "E": you try to disappear, chatting. In multiple always ending either -ooteither -t: fight, seem.

They are difficult to determine in an unstressed position, but in this case will come to the aid of the infinitive.

2 Hinders differ: In the only one we will write the letter "and": depends, driven. In multiple it is necessary to use the end -AT. or -Ind: build, hold.

Remember that in an unstressed position, the end is more vulnerable and causes difficulties in writing. For this reason, it is necessary to put the word in the initial form and to determine it, to 1 or 2 SPR. It applies.

Output

We managed to cope with a difficult task and indicate the subtleties to determine the endings in the verbs. Do not hurry when any word causes you difficulties. Recall that in infinitive 1 SPR.imes the ending - though, -et, "and others, and in the second only -t.. To this rule, also add a rather distance list of exceptions. In order to remember all these words, there are many poems consisting of only of them.

Personal endings just learn, it is completely easy. Then you will not experience problems in their spelling. In case of difficulties, you can always turn to our article to refresh your knowledge on this issue.