Gardens plant seedlings seedlings cognate words. "garden" - morphemic analysis of the word, analysis by composition (root suffix, prefix, ending) One-root adjective for the word garden

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Rice. - scan of the game for single-root words from the MERSIBO portal

Studying at school, all children get acquainted with the topic "Single-root words", where they must be able to consciously find, compose, define words originating from one root. But this topic is not completely new for schoolchildren. One way or another, many were introduced to the concept of "single-root words" even at preschool age within the framework of some educational programs implemented in kindergartens, or in preparatory classes for school, or when working with a speech therapist, speech pathologist. And at the age of six or seven, this topic was defined as "related" words.

It is related words that the article is devoted to. The post contains materials thanks to which preschool children will be able to more fully comprehend the features of their native speech.

So, initially a series of pictures is presented here, clearly revealing the relationship of words. When the child is able to independently determine the main word from which all other words of relatives appeared, you can move on to games (exercises) without using visualization, which will allow you to consolidate the studied material.

Games on the topic "Related words" are located below, after a selection of pictures.

It should be noted that when considering relative words in kindergarten, we rely on the child’s natural linguistic instinct and on our artistry, ingenuity and originality in the presentation of material, and in no case do we use terms like “single-root words”.

Considering the proposed visualization, it is desirable that an adult help the child independently guess what the main word is hidden in all the words of relatives. At the same time, at the initial stages of work, one should not pay attention to words in which a change of letters is observed. For example, snow - snowman - snow maiden = a good example; snow - snowflake - snowball - a less successful option, preventing children from grasping the logic of the formation of single-root concepts.

A single, universally recognized and rigidly approved methodology for introducing children to related words has not been developed, therefore the task and visibility are exemplary, and their use can be varied and colored by your creative improvements and nuances.

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Sample games and tasks. The theme is related words. Please note that in each game, at the beginning, along the way and at the end, mention the concept of "related words" and explain unclear points to children.

Di "Explainers". The adult explains the word, and the child himself guesses and names the concept that the teacher was talking about. We constantly focus on the concept of "snow", and that words were formed from it. At the end of the game, we sum up - the words are relatives and they all come from the word "snow".
If the development of the child allows, then the teacher calls the word, and the child explains it. We also constantly focus on the concept of "snow". and that other words were formed from it. At the end of the game, we sum up - the words relatives come from the word "snow".

Snowflake - water droplets frozen and having a hexagonal shape.
Snow is a collection of snowflakes.
Snowfall is the moment when snowflakes fall from the sky.
Snowy winter - winter with a lot of snowfall.
Snowballs are lumps of snow.
Snowman - a figure made of three snow balls.
The Snow Maiden is a fairy-tale character made of snow.

Let's pick up related words for the word FROST.

1. D / i "Pick up" words - relatives " (topic "Winter" ) .

picture on the board "Winter" . The conversation is based on the picture.

Pick up "words are relatives" by the way "winter" . What is the best word for winter? (Winter.) What do you call a day in winter? (Winter.) What are the names of the birds that stay with us for the winter? (Winterers.) What winter birds do you know? How else to say "stay for the winter" ? (Winter.) So, what kind of relative words did you remember for the word "winter" ? (Zimushka, winter, wintering, wintering.) What can be said about "winter" (forest, garden, day); "winter" (road, weather, time, cold); "winter" (sky, sun, morning).

2. D / i "Say a word"

Look at the picture. In winter, on the roofs, on the ground, on the trees lies ... (snow). We will select "related words" by the way "snow" . And the game will help us in this "Say a word"

Quiet, quiet, as in a dream,

Falls to the ground... (snow)

Fluffs are gliding from the sky -

Silvery… (snowflakes)

circling overhead

Carousel... (snowy)

To the meadows, to the meadow

Everything goes down... (snowball)

Earth white, clean, tender

Made the bed... (snowy)

Here's some fun for the guys

Getting stronger... (snowfall)

Everyone is racing

Everyone wants to play... (snowballs)

Snowball - on a snowball,

All decorated... (snowball)

Like a white down jacket

Dressed up… (snowman)

Next to the snow figurine -

This is a girl... (snow maiden)

In the snow, look -

With red chest... (bullfinches)

Like in a fairy tale, like in a dream

Decorated the whole earth (snow).

Similar work is carried out in the selection of related words to the word "House" (topic "The House and Its Parts" )

Once upon a time there was a cheerful dwarf

He built in the forest... (House)

Nearby lived a smaller gnome

He made the floor a bush ... (house)

The smallest gnome

Folded under the mushroom ... (house)

Old, wise dwarf dwarf

Built a big... (house)

He was old and he was gray

And it was big... (homebody)

And behind the stove behind the pipe

Lived with a gnome... (brownie)

Very strict, businesslike

Careful… (household)

Moss, viburnum, St. John's wort -

He carried everything from the forest ... (home)

He loved yesterday's soup,

He only drank kvass... (home)

Every day dwarf neighbors

Visited grandfather... (Houses)

Everyone was greeted warmly by the dwarf

Everyone loved this... (House).

Similar work is carried out in the future with the following related words:

Forest, forest, forest, forester;

mushroom, fungus, mushroom picker, mushroom;

water, aquatic, merman, diver, flood;

sugar, sugar, sugar bowl;

carry, tray, porter;

mountain, hill, mountainous, mountainous, hillock;

leaf, leaflet, leaflet, foliage, larch, deciduous;

oak, oak, oak;

hedgehog, hedgehog, hedgehog, hedgehog, hedgehog, hedgehog;

spring, spring, stonefly, freckle.

3. D / i "Find the extra" word"

Woe, mountainous, mountain;

Pain, big, hospital;

Led, water, water;

Forest, forester, ladder;

Sea, wrinkles, marine;

Conversation, gazebo, neighbor.

4. D / i "Name the common part of" words-relatives "

Zimushka, hibernate, winter;

Animal, lives, alive;

Shepherd, shepherd, shepherdess;

Stove, stove-maker, bake;

Yard, janitor, yard;

litter, rubbish, litter;

Call, call, ringing.

7. D / i "Find related words in the poem"

Pines and pines - in a pine forest,

And they ate and Christmas trees - in the spruce forest.

Oak trees and oak trees grow in the oak forest,

And you will not find juniper in it.

Oak has strong bark

Beautiful oak leaf.

It's time to put on a sheepskin coat

Getting ready for the new winter.

Willows, willows grow by the river,

Leaning low over the water.

From willow twigs old people weave

Baskets in the long winter.

Aspens grow in the aspen

And reach for the blue sky.

Under the aspens - boletus,

These mushrooms are beautiful.

In the wooded area woods and forests,

Here the foresters work around,

To forest wondrous beauty

Didn't get hurt for some reason

We oil the porridge with oil,

We keep it in a jar.

If you oiled your clothes -

Keep her aside.

In the seas, sea ships,

There are always sailors on the seas

And I want to be a sailor

But not now, but later.

There are houses, houses and houses,

We run the household

And I'm learning housekeeping myself.

We will find our homes.

Winter has come, winter is winter,

I got all the winter clothes myself.

Looks like it's going to be a long winter.

And remember the red summer with sadness.

Leaves fall from deciduous trees

Autumn brought all the yellow leaves.

The leaf fall is large in autumn.

Leaves will reappear in early spring.

We all live in our country

In your native land.

I love my parents

And I love my country.

In the process of all work with texts, one should try in every possible way to emphasize the semantic relationship of the words highlighted in them, so that the child can feel it. In the future, you need to take any other "close" words to the child and exercise him in selecting related words for them, making extensive use of leading questions. For instance:

If the frost is small, light, how can it be called? .. (frost)
In late autumn, small ... (freeze)
What does frost do? (freezes)
In the cold you can ears and nose ... (freeze)
Rivers and lakes in winter... (freeze)
Sometimes the water is right through them... (freezes through)
What is the weather like when it's cold... (frosty)
And how is it on the street at this time? .. (frosty)
What freezer compartment is in the refrigerator?.. (freezer)
Frozen food then... (defrost)
What is delicious made from frozen cream? .. (ice cream)

Scheme of analysis of the composition of the garden:

garden

Parsing words by composition.

Conjugation of the word "garden":

Connecting vowel: missing

Postfix : missing

Morphemes - parts of the word garden

garden

A detailed analysis of the word garden by composition. Word root, prefix, suffix and word ending. Morphemic analysis of the word garden, its scheme and parts of the word (morphemes).

Morphemes scheme: garden/
Word structure by morphemes: root / ending
Scheme (construction) of the word garden by composition: root garden + ending null ending
List of morphemes in the word garden:
- garden - root
- null ending - ending
Types of morphemes and their number in the word garden:
- prefix: missing - 0
- root: garden - 1
- connecting vowel: missing - 0
- cyffix: missing - 0
- postfix: missing - 0
- end: null ending. - 1

Total morphemes in the word: 2.

Derivational analysis of the word garden

Base word: garden;
Derivational affixes: prefix missing, suffix missing, postfix missing;
Word formation: or non-derivative, that is, not formed from another single-root word; or formed in a non-suffix way: by cutting off the suffix from the stem of an adjective or verb;
Way of education:
or non-derivative, that is, not formed from another single-root word; or formed in a non-suffix way: by cutting off the suffix from the stem of an adjective or verb
.

Morphemic analysis of the word garden

Morphemic parsing of a word is usually called the parsing of a word by composition - this is the search and analysis of morphemes (parts of a word) included in a given word.

Morphemic analysis of the word garden is very simple. To do this, it is enough to follow all the rules and the order of parsing.

Let's do the morpheme parsing correctly, and for this we just go through 5 steps:

determining the part of speech of a word is the first step;
the second - we highlight the ending: for inflected words we conjugate or decline, for invariable ones (germs, adverbs, some nouns and adjectives, service parts of speech) - there are no endings;
Next, look for the base. This is the easiest part, because to determine the base, you just need to cut off the ending. This will be the basis of the word;
The next step is to search for the root of the word. We select related words for the garden (they are also called single-root), then the root of the word will be obvious;
We find the remaining morphemes by selecting other words that are formed in the same way.

How do you see, morphemic parsing is done simply. Now let's define the main morphemes of the word and analyze it.

* Morphemic parsing of a word (word parsing by composition) - search root , prefixes , suffix , graduation and word bases The parsing of the word by composition on the site is made according to the dictionary of morphemic parsing.

First of all, this is homework, which must be completed without fail so as not to get a low score. But how hard it is sometimes that you don’t even want to think, but the right words don’t come into your head. Understand.

There is another reason - you can easily find at least 10 similar words for some words, but you can’t find even 3 for others. On this page we will consider such a word as - Garden.

The word "Garden" was known as early as the 11th century, the word is of Slavic origin and is derived from the word "sit down" - literally make you sit down.

But the verb "to plant" is of Indo-European origin, and refers to the root "sed".

And so, let's draw conclusions. Originally the word GARDEN means planting or that which is planted.

In order to make it more interesting for children, we can offer a rhyme about the garden and about the same-root words to it.

Now let's look at all the possible variants of single-root words.

1 . Zoo, 2. front garden (fenced garden, flower garden in front of the windows of the house), 3. transplant, 4. seedlings, 5. plant out, 6. planting, 7. planting, 8. gardener, 9. gardener, 10. gardener, 11. gardening , 12. garden, 13. garden, 14. plant, 15. seedling, 16. nursery, 17. planting, 18. gardener, 19. backyard, 20. horticultural, 21. plant, 22. plant, 23. transplant, 24 plant, 25. plant, 26. ambush, 27. garden, 28. planting, 29. plant, 30. garden, 31. seedlings, 32. plant.

Among the 32 options presented There are both verbs and adjectives. Nouns of course. Some of them you can use as a test to the main one.

Now you know about many derivatives of this root word.

But do not forget that there are others similar, but not included in the series of cognates. For example, the word Soot.

If there is something to add to students of grades 3, 4, 5 or 6 on this page on the topic, write in the comments. We will always be happy.

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Simulator Single-root words Russian language Primary classes Pedsovetsu

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