Sounds with the letter E read. Word division

Learning to read by syllables - this stage in teaching children reading is one of the most important and difficult. Often parents simply do not know how to teach the child to pronounce two letters in a punch and "get stuck" for a long time. The charter from the infinite repeat "ME and WA will be Ma", the child is rapidly losing interest, and teaching reading turns into torment for the whole family. As a result, children, already with two or three years knowing letters, even by five years cannot read simple words, not to mention reading proposals and books.

What to do next when the child remembered the letters? Immediately disclaim that the training of a preschooler reading syllables can be started and before he mastered the entire alphabet (moreover, some teachers insist that it is necessary to move to syllables as soon as possible, without waiting for all letters). But those letters that we will connect to the syllables, the child should call without sticking.

In order to start learning to read in syllables, the child is enough to know 3-4 vowels and somewhat consonants. Take first of all those consonants that can be pulled (s, s, l, m, n, in, f), it will help you to teach the child to a migratory pronunciation of the syllable. And this is a fundamentally important point.

So, consider several, in our opinion, the most effective techniques that modern teachers offer to study the child to fold letters into syllables.

1. Playing "Farovosiki"

(Playing from the benefit by E. Baranova, O. Razumovskaya "How to teach your child to read").

Instead of boring bunches, offer the child to "ride a train." On the rails, on which our trays will go, they are written all the consonants, and on the tracks themselves - vowels. We put the trailer on the rails so that the consonant seems to see the window, and call what station we have (for example, BA). Next, move the trailer down the rails - until the next consonant and read the syllable appeared.

There is a similar guide in cards "The game" Locoros ". We read syllables. " from E. Satalee

This game is good because the child is not necessary to specifically explain how to fold the syllables. Suffice to say: "Now we slide the letter A, it will be our passenger, call all the stations on which we will do the stop." To begin, "ride" yourself - let the child move the trailer on the rails, and you are loud and clearly call the "stations": Ba, Va, ha, yes, Ms, for, etc. Then suggest the child to do it with you in turn. In the process of the game, listening to you, children are easily seized, how to pronounce two sounds in a punch. For the third time the child is already without much difficulty "ride" himself.

If the child knows not all letters - stay only on those "stations" that he knows well. Next, change the trailer. Now ride letters Oh, y, s. If the child easily copes with the task, complicate the task. For example, we ride the speed - checking the time, which of the trains will get to the end of the path first. Or another option: stopping at the station, the child should be called not only a syllable, but also words beginning with this syllable (Bo - barrel, side, Boria; Wolf, air, eight; go - city, golf, guests; up - Rain, daughter, boards, etc.).

Please note that with this game you can work reading not only open syllables (with vowel sound at the end), but also closed (with consonants at the end).

To do this, we take the trailers where the vowels are written in front of the window, and act in the same way. Now we have a letter on the trailer is not a passenger, but a driver, she is home, she is ahead. Read first the resulting "stations" with closed syllables themselves: AB, AV, AG, AD, AJ, AZ, and T, D., Then offer the "ride" the child.

Remember that in this, and in other exercises, we first train to fold the syllables with the vowels of the first row (A, O, E, Y), and then enter the vowels of the second row (I, E, E, Yu, and) - So-called, "Yoted" vowels that precedes them the sound soft.

When a child will be good to read the reading of individual tracks with syllables - alternate trains with passengers and machines, while not tiping - what exactly we will roll. This will help the child learn to clearly see exactly where the vowel is worth it (the syllable begins with it or it ends). At the first time of learning reading in syllables, the child may have difficulties with this.

2. "run" from one letter to another

This is a visual exercise that will help the child to learn how to pronounce two letters in a punch.

We have a walkway from one letter to another. To overcome it, you need to pull the first letter until the finger, which we lead along the track, will not reach the second letter. The main thing is that we work on this exercise: so that there is no pause between the first and second sound. In order to be more interesting to engage, replace your finger on the figure of any beast / man - let him run along the path and connects two letters.

("The tank for kids" E. Bakhtina, "Russian ABC" O. Zhukova et al.).

Many of the authors of the bookwear and the ABC use animated images of the letters that need to be folded into the syllable - they are friends, walk together with couples, pull each other through obstacles. The main thing in such tasks, as in the previous exercise, to call two letters to fit so that two letters of girlfriend remain together.

To use this reception, you do not even need special benefits or buckwarwari. Print a few figures of boys and girls (animals, fabulous or fictional characters), write on each of them by the letter. Let the boys be written in the figures of the boys, and on the figures of girls - vowels. Combine children. Check together with the child that boys and girls or two girls can be friends, but do you make friends of two boys (they say the two consonants) do not succeed. Change pairs, put in them first ahead of girls, and then boys.

Read the syllables first in one order, then in the opposite.

These few techniques are quite enough to teach the baby to fold two letters into the syllable. And training in the form of the game will avoid bunning and boring repetition of the same.

4. Games for securing the skill of folding letters

- Slave lotto

They are very easy to do themselves, for this you need to choose a few pictures - 6 for each card and print the corresponding syllables.

• Allowance will help you "Sounds. Choose a picture on the first syllable Bat, Va-, Ma, SA-, Ta-. Educational lotto game. GEF to "E. V. Vasilyeva - In this series there are some more benefits
"Letters, syllables and words. Lotto with check "A. 0
• Similar exercises are in the book "Slug tables. GEF "N. Nechava

- game in the store

Spread toy goods or pictures with their images on the counter (for example, fish, dyed, pi-horns, booster, Yab-Loki, My-CO). Prepare "Money" - Paper with the name of the first syllables of these words. The child can buy goods only for those "bills" on which the correct syllable is written.

Make your own hands with a child an album, in which one page will be written a syllable on one page, and on the other - the objects whose name begins on this syllable. Periodically consider and complement these albums. For more efficient learning to read, close one one, then the second half of the reversal (so that the child has no extra tips when calling a syllable or selection of words to a specific syllable).

This will help you "Cards for sound and syllable words."

- game in the airfield (garages)

On paper sheets, we write syllables, lay them on the room. These will be in our game different airfields (garages). The child takes a toy plane (car), and the adult commands - at what kind of airfield (in what garage) you need to plant the aircraft (Park the car).

For this exercise, Zaitsev cubes are suitable or any cards with syllables (you can make them in the form of traces). We build a long track from them - from one end of the room to another. Choose two figures / toys. One play you, the other is a child. Throw a cube - go in turn by your figures on cards on so many moves as it fell on the cube. Being coming to each card, call a syllable written on it.

For this game, you can also use various "flodings" by writing syllables in circles on the game field.

5. Reading ordinary words by syllables

Simultaneously with the development of syllables, we proceed to reading simple words (of three or four letters). For clarity, in order for the child to understand, from which parts is the word, what letters you need to read it in size, and which separately, we recommend the first words from cards with syllables / separate letters or graphically split the word on the part.

Words of two syllables can be written in pictures consisting of two parts. The pictures are easier for perception (the child reads the words written on them, than just the columns of words) plus it is clearly visible, on which parts you can smash the word when reading it in syllables.

Increase the complexity gradually: start by words consisting of one syllable (mind, it, it, already, yozh) or two identical syllables: Mom, uncle, dad, nanny. Then go to reading words from three letters (closed syllable + consonant): Ball, son, varnish, side, house.

It should be understood that even if the child pronounces all the syllables in the Word correctly, it does not mean that he will immediately be able to comprehendly folded them into the word. Be patient. If a child with difficulty reads words from 3-4 letters, do not go to reading longer words and the more offers.

Be prepared for the fact that the child will freely start reading words only after it automates the skill of the addition of letters into the syllables. While this did not happen - periodically return to the development of syllables.

And, most importantly, remember that any training should be in joy - and parents, and children!

Philologist, Teacher of Russian Language and Literature, Pedagogue of Preschool Education
Svetlana Zyryanova

Simulator for beginners. Simple words.

The book is wonderful. But the kids do not want to strain and fold the letters in words, it is much easier to look at the picture and on the first letter to guess what is written under the drawing.

Therefore, I propose to download these leaves. There are many words on them and no explanatory pictures. Baby nothing will distract from the reading process. And since in each word only three letters, they will not be very difficult to read.

And how many of them are words consisting of three letters? On these leaves more than one hundred such words. So the child will read what to read.

New cards for testing reading skills. This time in the selection of words of 4 letters, but with one syllable.

That is, in words there is only one vowel letter.

Day, cargo, term, oven, seven, night, and so on.

More than 100 words consisted of 4 letters and 1 syllable on two sheets.

When reading, the child should not just make a word from the letters, but also to comprehend read. Ask the kid to explain every new word.

We continue to work out reading skills.

The next selection is already two-sided words of 4 letters. On the first word card with the so-called "open syllable". You can read them easily. Ma-Ma, Ka-Sha, Nobody, Re-ka, Luz and the like words.

The second card is more comprehensive. The words on it contain both open syllables and closed. Ma-Yak, Ig La, Yu-Tug, Yah-Ta, O-Siel, Eh-ka and so on.

On each card more than fifty words. So the child will have to work hard until all words read.

We read new words by syllables. Words are already consisting of 5 letters. Va-Gon, Ma Lysh, Tu-Man, Mar-ka, Re-Dis, Lam-Pa. Etc. If the child sure reads these one hundred and fifty with the "tail" of words, you can assume that your baby learned to read! Rather, learned to put the words from the letters.

It would seem that for any person who learned to read, there is nothing easier than splitting the words to syllables. In practice, it turns out that this is not such an easy task, moreover, to correctly fulfill this task, you need to know some nuances. If you think about, not everyone can even give a clear answer to a simple question: "What is the syllable?"

So what is it - a syllable?

As you know, each word consists of syllables that, in turn, consist of letters. However, that the combination of letters was a syllable, one vowel should be present in it, which itself can be a syllable. It is believed that the syllable is the longest pronounced one of speech or, simply speaking, sound / sounding, pronounced in one exhalation. For example, the word "I-Blo-Co.". To pronounce it, you need to exhale three times, which means that this word consists of three syllables.

In our language, one syllable cannot contain more than one vowel. Therefore, how many vowels in the word - so many syllables. The vowels are syllable sounds (create a syllable), at the same time consonant - non-voltage (cannot form a syllable).

Slavory theory

There are entire four theories trying to explain what the syllable is.

• The theory of exhalation. One of the most ancient. According to it, the number of syllables in the Word is equal to the number of exhalations taken during its pronunciation.
• Acoustic theory. It implies that the syllable is a combination of sounds with a large and lesser volume. The vowel is more loud, so it is capable of how to form a syllable, so attract consonants as less loud sounds.
• Articulant theory. In this theory, the syllable is presented as a result of muscle tension, which increases to the vowel and falls towards the consonant.
• Dynamic theory. Explains the syllable as a comprehensive phenomenon on which a number of factors listed in previous theories affect.

It is worth noting that each of the above theories has its drawbacks, however, as well as advantages, and none of them did not fully have been able to characterize the nature of the concept of "syllable".

Types of syllables

The word may consist of a different number of syllables - from one or more. It all depends on vowels, for example: "Sleep" - one syllable, "SNO-Vi de Ni-E" - five. In this category, they are divided into one-staples and multiplodes.

If the word is more than one syllable, then the emphasis falls on one of them, and it is called shock (during pronunciation it is allocated with the length and power of sound), and all other - unstable.

Depending on what sound the syllable ends, they are open (on vice) and closed (for consonant). For example, the word "for-water". In this case, the first syllable is open, as it ends with the vowel "A", the second is closed due to the end of the consonant "d".

How to divide words by syllables?

First of all, it is worth clarifying that it is not always the division of words on phonetic syllables coincides with the separation for transfer. So, according to the transfer rules, one letter can not be separated, even if it is vowel and is a syllable. However, if the word is divided into syllables, according to the rules of division, the vowel, not surrounded by consonants, will be one full-fledged syllable. For example: in the word "Yu-la" phonetically two syllables, but when transferring this word will not be separated.

As clarified above, in the word exactly so many syllables as vowels. One vowel sound can act as a syllable, but if there is more than one sound in it, then such a syllable will begin with the consonant. The above example is the word "Yu-la" - it is divided in this way, and not "Yul - A". This example demonstrates how the second vowel "A" attracts "l" to himself.

If in the middle of the word come across a few consonant in a row, they relate to the following syllable. This rule applies both in cases with the same consonants, and in cases with different non-voltage sounds. The word "O-TCH-Yo-nna" illustrates both options. The letter "A" in the second syllable pulled a combination from different consonant letters - "TC", and "s" - double "NN". From this rule there is one exception - for unpaired non-voltage sounds. If the first in the stationary is a ringing consonant (th, l, l, m, m, n, n, ry, r), then it is separated along with the previous vowels. In the word "Sklyan-ka" letter "N" refers to the first syllable, as it is a unpaired ringing consonant. And in the previous example, "O-TCH-Ya-nno" - "H" moved to the beginning of the next syllable, according to the general rule, as it was a pair of sonorn.

Sometimes the letterhead of the consonants in the letter means several letters, but they sound like a single sound. In such cases, the division of the word in syllables and the transfer division will differ. Since the combination means one sound, it should not disconnect these letters when following syllables. However, when transferring such letters are divided. For example, in the word "I-ZZHO-GA" three syllables, however, when transferring this word will share as "genuine-ha". In addition to the exploitation of "ZZH", pronounced as one long sound [W:], this rule applies to the combination of "tsu" / ", in which" TC "/" "TS" sounds like [C]. For example, to properly divide "u-chi" without breaking "TC", but when transferring will be "learning-Xia".

As already noted in the previous section, the syllable is open and closed. In Russian, closed syllables are significantly less. As a rule, they are only in the end of the word: "Ha-ker". In rare cases, closed syllables may be in the middle of the word, provided that the syllable ends with an unpaid sonorn: "Sum-ka", but "bu-dca".

How to divide words to transfer

Having understood with the question that such a syllable, what kind of types of types are, and how to share them, it is worth paying for the rules for the transfer of words. After all, with the external similarity, these two processes do not always lead to the same result.

When dividing the word for transfer, the same principles are used as in conventional division to syllables, but it is worth paying attention to a number of nuances.

It is strictly forbidden to tear one letter from the word, even if it is an forming sound syllable. This ban extends to the transfer of a group of consonants without vowels, with a soft sign or th. For example, it is divided into the syllables of "a-ni-me", but it is possible to transfer it only in this way: "Ani-Me". As a result, two syllables leave the transfer, although in reality there are three.

If two and more consonants are nearby, they can be divided at their discretion: "Te-CSTA-RA" or "Tech-Stu-Ra".

With pair of consonants, which are between vowels, they are divided, except when these letters are part of the root on the junction with a suffix or prefix: "class-s", but "class). The same principle applies to the consonants at the end of the root of the word before the suffix - from the root of tearing the letters when transferring, of course, it is possible, but undesirable: "Kiev-sky". Similarly - in relation to the console: the last consonant, which is included in its composition can not be broken down: "under-chat". If the root begins with a vowel, it is possible either all the same to separate the prefix itself, or with it to transfer two knocked root with it: "without emergency", "Bezava-Ryin".

You can not transfer abbreviations, but it is possible to carry out comprehensive words, but only on composite.

Alphabet in syllables

The syllable has tremendous practical importance when teaching children to reading. From the very beginning, the disciples study letters and syllables that can be combined from them. And subsequently from the syllasses, children learn to gradually build words. First, children are trained to read words from ordinary open syllables - "Ma", "Mo", "Mu" and the like, and soon the task complicates. Most of the lettering and methodological benefits devoted to this issue are based on this technique.

Moreover, specially for the development of the ability to read in syllables some children's books are released with texts divided into syllables. This facilitates the reading process and contributes to bringing the ability to recognize syllables to automatism.

In itself, the concept of "syllable" is not yet fully studied by the subject of linguistics. In this case, its practical importance is difficult to overestimate. After all, this little particle of the word helps not only to learn to read and the rules of the letter, but also helps to understand many grammatical rules. Do not also forget that, thanks to the syllable, there is poetry. After all, the main systems for creating rhymes are based just on the properties of this tiny phonetic and phonological unit. And although there are plenty of theories and research on him, the question of what the syllable is, remains open.

Before learn to read, the child should explore the concept of the syllables. Before starting to learn to read and write, the baby must learn the letters and be able to correlate them with sounds. The next stage - teach syllables. Interesting benefits for studying syllables can be downloaded from us on the site.

How to learn to read?

At the beginning of learning, reading it is necessary to convey to the child such concepts as vowels and consonants and letters. Public sounds are shock and unstable. Among the consonants, they allocate ringing and deaf, solid and soft.

By the way, the hardness and softness of sounds should be paid to special attention. This characteristic of sounds inside the syllable is determined by mild or solid signs or vowels after consonants.

So, the letters E, E, and, Yu, I indicate the softness of the previous consonant sound, and the letters e, o, y, s indicate the hardness.

Illustrate soft and solid consonant sounds will help the table of all syllables on our website. It can be read online or download and print from our site.

Sounds for children for learning reading can be represented as a game. To teach the baby to read, you need to download the table of syllables and print it. Then cut into separate cards. So that there are no syllables and cards, they can be pasted on a dense cardboard. Now let's try to present the children with a slightest combination in the form of the game.

Games for learning reading

Teach the baby to read the table of all the syllables that you need to download on our site. Soft and solid consonants, as well as vowels and letters in it are indicated by various colors for contrast. Thus, the sludge combinations look bright and multicolored.

First we learn the child to distinguish the syllables in Russian from each other. This will require not only the cards where the syllables of the language for reading are written, but also a solid table of syllables. To do this, you will have to download it once again and print it. We expand the table and ask the child to compare the cards with the syllables and the corresponding cell in the table. So gradually the kid will memorize individual sludge combinations and call them, and then read. Thus, we form a lotto from the table, only instead of images there are signs.

At the next stage of learning reading, we offer a child a couple of different syllables and connect them to the word. Please note that before the start of this game, the child should read the individual sludge combinations well, and then fold them in words. For example, we take a syllable and join the syllable of Ba. It turns out toad. You can draw arrows or come up with a fabulous hero, which will walk from one syllable to another and connect them to words. As a result of such a simple game, the child quickly learn to read.

Slave tables

Since letters are presented in Russian in large quantities, we propose to learn separately every consonant in combination with all vowels. Thus, the table for one game becomes much smaller in volume, and the child is easier to arrange all the syllables into place. You can also download these tables on our website. Here are examples of how syllables may look like for your kids in the tables:

Frequent errors

Often in speech kids confuse syllables with the letter "x", "g" and syllables with the letter "g", "k". Also, the confusion occurs when the child says syllables with the letter "D", "G" or syllables with the letter "K", "P". These consonant sounds are very similar about the sound. By making up words from them, try to pronounce them as clear as possible. At the reading stage, you can download tables with similar sounds, cut out cards from them and try to make a word similar to the sound, making an emphasis on the difference in writing.

Studying the location of the Russian language with children, try to interest them. If you have a magnetic alphabet at home, try to make some words from the letters. They can be conveniently attached to the tablet and then read. Let the baby be his phrase, and you read them.

The word "must be a collective game: one child will be uninteresting. Teach your baby and learn with him!

Words are divided into syllables. Syllable - This is one sound or several sounds, pronounced by one exhale impulse air.

Wed: due, on-U-ka.

1. In Russian there are different sounds of sounds: vowels are more sound compared to consonant sounds.

Exactly vowels Form syllables are boring.

Consonants are incomplete. When pronouncing the words, the consonant sounds "stretch" to the vowels, forming a syllable with vowels.

2. The syllable may consist of one sound (and then it is definitely vowel!) Or several sounds (in this case, in the syllable, except the vowel, there is a consonant or group of consonants).

A rim - o-bo-dock; country - country-on; Night light - no-cyn; Miniature - Mi-Ni-A-Tu-Ra.

3. Sounds are open and closed.

Open syllable ends on a vowel sound.

Due, country-on.

Closed syllable ends on the consonant sound.

Sleep, Lai-Ner.

Open syllables in Russian larger. Closed syllables are usually observed in the end of the word.

Wed: no-Check (the first syllable open, the second is closed), o-bo-dock (The first two syllables are open, the third is closed).

In the middle of the word, the syllable, as a rule, ends onto a vowel sound, and a consonant or a group of consonants standing after the vowel, usually depart to the subsequent syllable!

No-cynic, in hand, di-ktor.

Note!

Sometimes two consonants can be written in the Word, and one may sound, for example: clear It. [IL: IS ']. Therefore, in this case two syllables are allocated: and-sie.
Division on parts from living Complies with the rules of the transfer of the word, and not to divide on the syllables!

The same can be traced on the example of the verb aTin which the combination of consonants sounds like a single sound [W:]; Therefore, division on the syllables will be - leave, and division into parts for transfer - leave.

Especially often errors are observed when the syllables are selected in the forms of verbs, edissible to be.

• Division vite-Sia, pumme-sm It is division into parts for transfer, and not by dividing to syllables, since in such forms, the combination of TC letters, it sounds like one sound [C].


• When dividing to the syllables of the combination of TC letters, it is entirely departed to the subsequent syllable: we like, click.

In the middle of the words, closed syllables can form only uncapar ringing consonants: [j], [p], [p '], [l], [l'], [m], [n '], [n], [n' ].

Maja, Sonya, Soca-scratch.

Note!

With a combination of several consonants in the middle of the word:

1) Two identical consonants necessarily depart to the subsequent syllable.

O-TT EV, yes.

2) Two and more consonants usually depart to the subsequent syllable.

Sha-PK A, Ra-Vy.

An exception make up the combinations of consonants in which the first is the unpaid ringing (letters r, p, l, l, m, d, n, ny, th).

Mar ka, dawn, Bul-ka, Steel, Dame, Ban, Ban, Lai.

4. The division on the syllables often does not coincide with the division into parts of the word (prefix, root, suffix, ending) and with the division of the word on the part when transferred.

For example, the word calculated is divided into morphemes calculated (rAS - console, count - root; a, NN. - suffixes; oh - ending).
The same word when transferring is shown as follows: calculated.
On the syllables, the word is divided like this: calculated.