German soldiers like Joseph Schulz. But there was one who did not shoot (4 photos)

Joseph Shulz (It. Josef Schulz (Schultz), Serbo-Schulz. Jozef ULC / Sorph Schulz; 1909, Wuppertal - 19 or July 20, 1941, Shedrevsk-Palanka) - German soldier, participant in World War II, Efreitor of Wehrmacht. Presumably, he was shot in the Serbian settlement of Smederevsk-Palanka on July 20, 1941 for refusing to participate in the execution of hostages. In the countries of the former Yugoslavia are considered a hero of anti-fascist

In the German historiography, the case of Joseph Schulz (Der "Fall Schulz") is treated as a myth.

Biography and characteristics

The eldest son in the family (there were only three children). Father died during the second battle of IPre. In between war time He studied in the craft school of Wuppertal, worked as a designer of the showcase, earning some money for the family. In 1939, he was called up to the army, in 1941 he sent to Yugoslavia. Used service in the 714th Infantry Division, has served before military rank Efreitor. He lived in a bartender quarter.

The colleagues considered Joseph a calm person who could support fun in any company. He was not hot-tempered, reckless or aggressive, more often was considered soft. He was fond of playing the piano, and was also a good artist - he perfectly obtained reproduction of paintings by Dutch artists. Letters who wrote Josef native and loved ones are not preserved: during the bombing of the city burned down the apartment with all the property. Among the property were not only letters, but more than 200 records.

Fabul Story

In July 1941, the German troops on Mount Gradiste near the village of Vyshevtsy broke the Palanatsky partisan company. In the Serbian village of Sderevsk-Palanka, the Germans captured 16 Yugoslavian partisans from the same company and sent them to prison - to the stable of the 5th cavalry regiment named after Queen Maria Karageorgievich. The Military Court sentenced all 16 people to the shooting, the sentence should be carried out in the evening of July 19 (according to other data - July 20).

The venue for execution was chosen the same stable - the prisoners put back to the stack of the hay, the eyes were tied to the partisans. However, according to a common legend, before the shooting of Joseph Schultz, who was included in the focusing team, suddenly threw a rifle on the ground and exclaimed:

I will not shoot! These people are innocent!

Original text (it.) Ich Schiee Nicht! Diese Mnner Sind Unschuldig!

The commander of the focusing team, having heard this phrase, froze in shock: the soldier of the division refused to carry out the order. The decision was made immediately - Schultsy was recognized as a rower, and for the failure to comply with the order, he should be shot. The sentence led to execution immediately. Joseph was buried next to the executed partisans.

Evaluating historians

German historian Karl Betke in 2002 calls the case of Efreitor Josef Schulza "the fancy" page of the German-Yugoslav past. He notes that this event was questioned by a number of researchers (Heiner Liechtenstein, Albert Ryucker, Friedrich Stahn), since the examination of the central administration of land administration of justice to investigate the Nazi crimes (it. Zentrale Stelle der Landesjustizverwaltungen Zur Aufklrung NationalSozianistischer Verbrechen) as well The federal military archive in Freiburg was witnessed that J. Schultz died a day before the execution of the partisans described. Since then it is the opinion that the Schultsi business could be classified as an example of extreme need for applying to a criminal order, but, in fact, the myth of Efreitor Joseph Schulz found many supporters mainly in Yugoslavia. The reason for this historian seeks in the desire to overcome the past and the achievement of the consent of Honey by Germany and Yugoslavia.

Southeast Europe Specialist Swiss historian Andreas Ernst (Andreas Ernst) in 2011, in 2011, in reviews on the book "Search of Hero", which the Schulta's case is not only a false history of the hero, but also an example of the contradictory interests of politics and justice in "overcoming German of the past". In Germany Legend O " good soldier"Distressed only many years after its refutation. For a long time she seemed too good to not be true. In Serbia, however, it has survived to this day.

Memory

In Yugoslavia, the German soldier actually did national hero and anti-fascist resistance symbol. In Serbia, he was erected two monuments: one is located in the village of Lockke (dedicated to him by himself), and the other in the village of Sidenyanskaya Palanka, on the site of death (dedicated to the 16 executed partisans). The partisans themselves opposed the construction of the monument to German, and supporting the idea of \u200b\u200bthe installation of the monument to the writer Mina Kovashevich even went to jail. In 1981 and 1997, the ambassadors of Germany in Yugoslavia Horst Graberrt and Villefred Gruber participated in memorable ceremonies: both laid flowers to the monuments of Josef. In 1973, a small 13-minute film prejeited blueberry "Joseph Schultz" was shot on the events in the village. The film involved archival shots of the German military photo and video cards.

The German Wehrmacht left a uncomfortable memory about himself. No matter how the veterans died from numerous military crimes, they were not only soldiers, but also punitives. But the name of this Wehrmacht soldier in Serbia is pronounced with respect. A film was filmed about him, his name - on the pages of the Serbian history textbook.

In July 1941, the partisan detachment was defeated in Serbia in Serbia in the village of Vyshevtsya. After a hard battle, a stripper was carried out, during which 16 locals were arrested, suspected of supporting and sympathizing with partisans. The Military Court was ambiguous, his sentence was predictable: all 16 were sentenced to shooting. To bring the sentence, the platoon from the 714th Infantry Division was isolated. The convicts knocked out eyes and set a stack of hay. The soldiers became against them and took the rifles to manufacture. Another instant - and the team "Feuer!", After which 16 people will replenish an endless list of victims of the Second World War. But one of the soldiers lowered the rifle.

Was it or not?

For a long time, the fact of refusal of Joseph Schulz from participating in the execution of civilians and his subsequent execution was questioned. It was alleged that the whole story is a communist propaganda. The Schulz family received an official notice that the Efreitor Joseph Schultz gave his life to Fuhrer and Reich in battle with Tito bandits. But the commander of the 714th division of Friedrich Status in his diary described in detail this incident. There were even photographs made by one of the participants in the focusing team. On one of them, Joseph Schulz, without a weapon and without a helmet, heads to the hay stack to get up among the shocked. The point in the dispute was delivered in 1947 to the exhumation of the remains of the dead. Among the 17-buried one was in the form of the troops of the Wehrmacht. Joseph Schulz still did not die in battle, and was shot. The division command decided to hide the disgraceful fact to failure by a soldier of the order, and the commander of the company Ober-Lieutenant Gollub sent Mother Schulz to Wuppertal notice about the heroic death of her son in battle.

The photo was preserved, made by one of the counterproofs: the soldier of the Wehrmacht goes to the Serbam

He came to the officer and stated that he would not shoot: he soldiers, not the executioner. The officer reminded the soldier about the oath and put it before the choice: or the soldier returns to operation and with others will fulfill the order, or he will rise from a stack along with the convicted. A few moments, and the decision is made. The soldier put a rifle on the ground, headed for the Serbam sentenced to death and stood next to them. The name of this soldier is Joseph Schulz.

Who is he, Joseph Schultz?

In the biography of Efreitor Josef Schulz, there is nothing heroic. His father died in the first world, Joseph remained eldest in the family and early began his work. Craft School, work designer showcase. According to the memories of his brother, Josef was neither quick-tempered nor reckless nor aggressive, but rather soft and sentimental. Never dealt with politics, was neither a communist nor Social Democrat.

She was ready to serve his homeland and the Führer. At the time of death, he was 32 years old, a person with an already formed worldview. He knew perfectly, as the soldier who refused to execute the order was punished in the wartime. Why did he just not shoot in the air? After all, no one would know that his bullet flew past. But then in the eyes of all others, he would have become a killer and would remain forever. Unlike many, no oath, nor military debt, could not become an excuse for him. It is quite consciously he decided to die with clean hands and name.

Such people were

In Serbia, a monument to the dead is worth the tragedy. On the monument, a sign with names and surnames shot. 17 Same: 16 - Serbian and 1 - German.

Soviet film director M. Romm said: "You need to have considerable courage to give life for your homeland. But sometimes no less courage must have to say "no" when everyone is talking about "yes" to stay by a person when everyone has ceased to be a circle. Still were in Germany, people who spoke "No" fascism. Yes, there were few such people. But they were. "

Third Reich

In July 1941, the German troops on Mount Gradiste near the village of Vyshevtsy broke the Palanatsky partisan company. In the Serbian village of Sderevsk-Palanka, the Germans captured 16 Yugoslavian partisans from the same company and sent them to prison - to the stable of the 5th cavalry regiment named after Queen Maria Karageorgievich. The Military Court sentenced all 16 people to the shooting, the sentence should be carried out in the evening of July 19.

The venue for execution was chosen the same stable - the prisoners put back to the stack of the hay, the eyes were tied to the partisans. But before the shooting of Joseph Schulz, who was included in the focusing team, suddenly threw a rifle on the ground and exclaimed:

I will not shoot! These people are innocent!

Original text (it.)

Ich Schieße Nicht! Diese Männer Sind Unschuldig!

The commander of the focusing team, having heard this phrase, froze in shock: the soldier of the division refused to carry out the order. The decision was made immediately - Schultsy was recognized as a rower, and for the failure to comply with the order, he should be shot. The sentence led to execution immediately. Joseph was buried next to the executed partisans.

Facts about Joseph Schulz

The colleagues considered Joseph a calm person who could support fun in any company. He was not hot-tempered, reckless or aggressive, more often was considered soft. He was fond of playing the piano, and was also a good artist - he perfectly obtained reproduction of paintings by Dutch artists.

Letters who wrote Josef native and loved ones are not preserved: during the bombing of the city burned down the apartment with all the property. Among the property were not only letters, but more than 200 records.

Doubts about the reliability of the conviction

The reliability of the fact that Joseph Schulz was executed for an attempt to interfere with peaceful inhabitants, challenged and disputed by some historians. Some argue that in fact Schulz did not participate in the execution, and his name was simply appropriated to one of the partisans in order to create an impression about the anti-Nazi mute in the division. At the same time, the identification of the remains of buried soldiers showed that a German soldier was really buried in the village.

Mother Josef, Berta, and the youngest brother Walter on August 9 of the same year came the notice of the death of Josef Schulz, who allegedly happened the day before the events that occurred, and the place of death was named Wisdom, and not Sederevsk-Palanka. The letter was issued by the headquarters of the part with the field mail number 42386 ° C. According to the text of the "Funeral", Josef was mortally wounded in a lung, fighting against Parisan Tito. Listed personal belongings. The full text of the letter is:

External images
Shot of Josef Schulza
	Partisans before execution. The guy and the girl hold hands, everyone blinds their eyes. Photographer to the left of a focusing team.
	Joseph Schulz a few minutes before his death (designated arrow). Joseph stands in front of the partisans, there are no weapons in their hands, there are no helmets on the head. On both sides - its armed colleagues. The photographer to the right of a shot team. Identification of the figure in this photo as Schulz challenges a number of historians and biographers.
	Monument to Josef, 1960-70s.
	Monument at the site of shooting 16 partisans and a soldier of Wehrmacht Josef Schulz

Simple (modest) Cross decorates his grave! He died as a hero! In the course of a fierce shootout, he received a ricochet bullet to the right lung. Then the approached reinforcement turned the bang of the Communists to flight, and your son was bandaged. But any possible help was in vain. He died within a few minutes.

Wallet with content: 12 Reichsmark, 2 keys and wedding ring
Different empty envelopes
Medallion containing various photos
Slice of soap for washing, cutlery from 4 items
Slice of soap shaving, 4 nasal scarves
Automatic Pencil (Silver), One Notepad
Glasses, letters from home
Lifting harmonica, letter home
Scissors, letter home
Hand watches brand "Exit"
Pocket Mirror and Comb

For all issues of social security and assistance, you should apply to the relevant departments of the Wehrmacht, the location of which will be readily informing to any military institution. We grieve with you about the loss of your son, as it was, we all, valuable and reliable comrade. He will forever remain in our memory.

Signature: Gollub

Overwork, commander of the company.

Original text (it.)

EIN Schlichtes Kreuz Ziert Sein Grab! Er Starb Als Held! Bei Einem Feuergefecht Erhielt Er Nach Heftigem Feuerkampf Einen Querschläger in Die Rechte Lunge. DURCH INZWISCHEN ENGETROFFENE VERSTÄRKUNG WURDE DIE KOMMUNISTENBANDE IN DIE FLUCHT GESCHLAGEN UND IHR SOHN VERBUNDEN. Jede Menschliche Hilfe War Jedoch Vergeblich. Der Tod Trat Nach Wenigen Minute Ein.
1 GELDBÖRSE MIT INHALT: 12.- RM 2 Schlüssel U. 1 trauring
1 "Leer Diverse Briefe
1 Nähkasten Mit Inhalt Diverse Bilder
1 STÜCK WASCHSEIFE ESSBESECK 4TEILIG
1 STÜCK RASIERSEIFE 4 TASCHENTÜCHER
1 DREHBLEISTIFT (Versilbert) 1 Notizbuch
1 Brille Briefe Aus der Heimat
1 mundharmonika brief zur heimat
1 SCHERE 1 BRIEF ZUR HEIMAT
1 ARMBANDUHR MARKE EXITA
1 TaschenSpiegel U. Kamm.
In Allen Fürsorge- Und Versorgungsfragen Wird Ihnen Das Zuständige Wehrmachtsfürsorge- und Versorgungsamt, Dessen Standort Bei Jeder Militärischen Dienst Slep Zu Erfahren Ist, Bereitwilligst Auskunft Erteilen. Wir Trauern Mit Ihnen Um Den Verlust Ihres Sohnes, Denn Er War Uns Allen Ein Liebwerter Und Treuer Kamerad. Er Wird Uns Unvergessen Bleiben.
Unterschrift: Gollub.
Oberleutnant und Kompaniechef.

In the 1960s, German weekly Neue Illustrierte. and Quick. Published photos from the place of execution, and on one of them was captured by a soldier without a weapon and without a helmet. The Germans were polled about who this man could be. Bundestaga Vilderich Frajerr Islands Vilderi Frajerh, having studied a photo, soon stated that Joseph Schulz was really depicted in photography - the source served as a Division of the Frederich Stalar Division, which was granted by his son who worked in Freiburg's military archive. However, the serunenets of Josef, who shot the partisans, argued the opposite: the photograph was depicted at all, not the deceased soldier. Similar statements were made in Ludwigsburg members of the Nazis crime investigations committee. Although the death of Schulz was not subject to doubts (after the battle with Yugoslavs on July 19, 1941, the death commander was reported on July 20), the archivors stated that the incident in the village was invention - the fiction of Yugoslav propaganda.

Perpetuation of memory

Soon in 1972, Brother Josef, Walter journey to Yugoslavia to familiarize himself with the details of the death of his brother. Having studied that photo, which was discussed, Walter confirmed that Joseph Schulz was really depicted on it. As it turned out, the family sent a falsified "funeral", which was created by German officers, most likely, to conceal the fact of the insurgency in the division. Yugoslav journalist Svonimir Yankovich also managed to find a photo from a place of execution, on which the dispute officer and a Wehrmacht soldier were captured; Although the soldier was in German uniform, there was no distinctive signs of the Wehrmacht. Apparently, it was the same Josef. In 1973, journalists of the Yugoslav newspaper "Politics" brought together Walter Schultsu to Germany, who gave an interview and spoke about his brother.

In Yugoslavia, the German soldier actually made the national hero and symbol of anti-fascist resistance. In Serbia, he was erected two monuments: one is located in the village of Lockke (dedicated to him by himself), and the other in the village of Sidenyanskaya Palanka, on the site of death (dedicated to the 16 executed partisans). The partisans themselves opposed the construction of the monument to German, and supporting the idea of \u200b\u200bthe installation of the monument to the writer Mina Kovashevich even went to jail. In and 1997, the ambassadors of Germany in Yugoslavia Horst Graberrt and Villefred Gruber participated in memorable ceremonies: both laid flowers to the monuments of Josef. In 1973, a small 13-minute film prejeited blueberry "Joseph Schultz" was shot on the events in the village. The film involved archival shots of the German military photo and video cards.

Notes

1. For other information - Orachovach
2. Joseph Schulz or always have a choice (Rus.)
3. Manoschek Walter. "Serbien Ist Judenfrei". Militärische Besatzungspolitik und Judenvernichtung in Serbien 1941/42. - 2. - OldenBourg Wissenschaftsverlag, 1995. - P. 189. -

German soldier, participant of the Second World War. He was shot by a German officer in the Serbian village for stuck behind the partisans sentenced to shooting. In the former Yugoslavia, and now in modern Serbia, is considered a hero of anti-fascist.

Josef Schulz (Schultz) is it. (Jozef Šulc - Serb.) Born in 1909, Wuppertal, Germany. Shot on July 19, 1941, in the village of Shedrevsk-Palanka, Yugoslavia. He was a German soldier, the 114th Hsenther (714th infantry) division.
The colleagues considered Joseph a calm person who could support fun in any company. He was not hot-tempered, reckless, more often was considered soft. He was fond of playing the piano, and was also a good artist - he perfectly obtained reproduction of paintings by Dutch artists.

In July 1941, the German troops on Mount Gradiste near the village of Vyshevtsy broke the Palanatsky partisan company. In the Serbian village of Saderevsk-Palanka, the Germans captured 16 civilians, accusing them in a party to the partisans and sent them to an improvised prison - to the stable of the 5th Cavalry regiment named after Queen Maria Karageorgievich. The military field court sentenced to all 16 people to the execution, the sentence should be carried out in the evening of July 19.
The same stable of execution was chosen by the same stable - the prisoners put back to the hay stack, the eyes were tied to the partisans. But before the shooting of Joseph Schulz, who was included in the focusing team, suddenly threw a rifle on the ground and exclaimed:
- Ich Schieße Nicht! Diese Männer Sind Unschuldig! (I will not shoot! These people are innocent!)
The commander of the focusing team, having heard this phrase, froze in shock: Soldier Division refused
Perform an order. The decision was made immediately - Schultsy was recognized as a rower, and for the failure to comply with the order, he should be shot. The sentence led to execution immediately. Joseph was buried next to the executed partisans.




Joseph Schulz a few minutes before his death (marked)
Joseph stands in front of the partisans, there are no weapons in their hands, there are no helmets on the head. On both sides - its armed colleagues. The photographer to the right of a shot team. Identification of the figure in this photo as Schulz challenges a number of historians and biographers ....




To conceal the fact of the insurgency in the division, the family of Joseph sent a falsified "funeral", which was initiated by command.
In 1972, Brother Josef, Walter journey to Yugoslavia to familiarize himself with the details of the death of his brother. Having studied that photo, which was discussed, Walter confirmed that Joseph Schulz was really depicted on it.
Yugoslav journalist Svonimir Yankovich also managed to find a photo from a place of execution, on which the dispute officer and a Wehrmacht soldier were captured; Although the soldier was in German uniform, there was no distinctive signs of the Wehrmacht. Apparently, it was the same Josef. In 1973, journalists of the Yugoslav newspaper "Politics" brought together Walter Schultsu to Germany, who gave an interview and spoke about his brother.
In Yugoslavia, the German soldier actually made the national hero and symbol of anti-fascist resistance.

Posted by B. warhistory. :

Joseph Schultz (Joseph Schultz), a simple ordinary Wehrmacht, who served in Yugoslavia in 1941 as part of the 714th Infantry Division.
On July 19, 1941, after the defeat of the Serbian village of Orahovach, his suspension was given the order to join the shot team and execute the group of detainees "partisans". Joseph is silent, but resolutely refused to fulfill a criminal order - throwing his weapon, he stood in one row with sentenced and was immediately shot by colleagues along with hostages.
In the photo, Josfer Shultz, going to the meeting of death ...

3. Of course, Betke is not insistant, it can be seen from how and in what order it serves the facts would be interesting to hear the same story again on the other side. But if the Schultsy's surname really surfaced only 25 years after the event, and the witness appeared after 30, the likelihood that the Efreitor Schulz was really shot in the Schaderevskaya Palana, which is extremely small.
Well, the horgification story is good in itself.