Punctuation marks in BSP: table with examples, rule

Unionless are such complex sentences in which the parts are connected only with the help of intonation. The main feature of such complex structures is the absence of alliances. Instead, they use punctuation marks in the BSP.

general characteristics

Between the sentences in the BSP, semantic relations are established, similar to the relations in the allied sentences: complex and complex.

For example:

Night was falling, the forest was moving closer to the fire. V the sentence reveals semantic relations of enumeration of simultaneously occurring events.
One fine day the pickets, knocking down from the running, bring the news: the fortress is surrendered. In this sentence, semantic relations are similar to those in a complex sentence with
He spoke the truth - they did not believe him. The sentence combines temporary, concessive and adversarial relationships.

Depending on how the parts relate to each other in meaning, there are BSPs with different Examples given above, serve as evidence of this. Depending on this, the non-union are divided into three groups.

BSP with comma and semicolon

There are several punctuation features associated with In particular, there are two rules governing the use of commas and semicolons in a sentence.



A comma in the BSP is put, if there is a listing of certain facts, you can use the union and... In this case, the intonation when reading will be enumerating, and before each comma, you need to make a short pause.	My head was spinning, the stars danced in my eyes. My head is spinning and stars danced in my eyes.
If a sentence is widespread and has its own commas inside (homogeneous members, detached members, and inversions), then it is separated from the other part by a semicolon.	Green frogs are jumping on stones near the stream; on the largest stone lies, basking in the sun, a golden one.

Should I choose a comma or semicolon?

If the rule is well understood and mastered, then you can easily cope with the following exercises:

1.Explain the setting of the semicolon:

1) The sun rises, cheerful and radiant from the cold; the window glows with a gleam.

2) All morning, clean and bright, colors sparkled; frosty chrysanthemums glittered on the window for half a day.

2. What are the missing punctuation marks in BSP in brackets?

A happy irreversible time - childhood! How not to love the memories of her? They are so refreshing and uplifting my soul.

You run to your fill (...) you sit at the table on your stool (...) it's already late (...) a cup of milk has been drunk for a long time (...) sleep obscures your eyes (...) but you don't move (...) you sit and listen. Mom is talking to someone (…) her voice is so sweet (…) so friendly. The sound of my mother’s voice speaks so much to my heart, so echoes in my soul!

With foggy eyes, I gaze intently into her sweet face (...) suddenly she becomes all small - her face becomes no larger than a button (...) but I still see him clearly. I love to see her so tiny. I squint my eyes even more (...) she is no longer than those boys (...) which are in the pupils (...) when you look closely in the eyes (...) but I moved and the miracle disappeared (...) I narrow my eyes again (... ) I try in every possible way to renew the vision (...) but in vain.

BSP with dash

Punctuation marks in BSP directly depend on the semantic relationships of its parts. To set a dash in non-union sentences, one of the conditions given in the table must be present.

Punctuation marks in BSP. Dash setting table with examples
Conditions for using the dash
	I'm glad to understand you - understand me too. (I am glad to understand you, but you also understand me).
One sentence contains an indication of the time or condition of what is said in the other sentence. You can use a comma and conjunctions IF and WHEN.	If it rains, we will cancel the trip. (If it rains, we will cancel the hike. When it rains, we will cancel the hike).
The second sentence contains a conclusion or consequence of what is said in the first sentence. You can put a comma and conjunctions SO or SO WHAT.	There is a lot to be done tomorrow - you have to get up early. (There is a lot to be done tomorrow, so get up early.)
If a fast change of events is drawn in the sentence. You can put a comma and the union I.	There was a loud stomp - everything was silent. (There was a loud stomp, and everything was silent).

Dash or not dash?

1. What punctuation marks are used in the BSP below?

1) The teacher ordered to submit the diary (...) I didn't have the diary.

2) There is a terrible stuffiness (...) by nightfall there will be a thunderstorm.

3) She sat down in the wagon near the hussar (...) the coachman whistled (...) the horses rushed off.

4) There was a shout (...) he started to run.

5) You will chase after the big (...) you will lose the little.

2. The text contains a BSP with different punctuation marks. With which?

A song was heard (...) the voices immediately ceased (...) the prodding subsided (...) and the whole train moved on in silence (...) only the clatter of wheels and the sound of mud under horse hooves could be heard at these minutes (...) when the words of a sad song were sounded.

3. In which sentence is the dash?

1) The sun has already set, but it is still light in the forest (…) the air is so clean and transparent (…) the birds are chirping and whistling (…) the young grass glistens like emerald.

2) At heart I have fun and festively (...) spring is in the yard (...) and the air is so clean and transparent (...) the birds are chirping dazedly and joyfully (...) young grass is breaking through.

BSP with colon

Intonation plays a huge role in determining the connection between parts in the BSP. If you need to raise the tone of your voice at the end of the first part, then you probably need to put a colon. So it turns out that the punctuation marks in the BSP depend on intonation. But semantic relationships are of paramount importance. Consider the conditions for setting the colon.

Punctuation marks in BSP. Colon examples table
Colon staging conditions
The second sentence states the reason for what the first sentence says. You can put a comma and the union BECAUSE.	I disliked rainy weather: it drove me into melancholy. (I disliked rainy weather, because it drove me into melancholy).
One sentence serves to clarify the other, reveals its content. You can put a comma and the introductory word A EXACTLY, then the colon will appear after this word.	A riot of colors reigns in the field: among the bright green grass, chamomile bushes whiten with fragrant snowdrifts, small carnation stars shine, and sometimes shy cornflower eyes peep out. (A riot of colors reigns in the field, namely: among the bright green grass, chamomile bushes whiten with fragrant snowdrifts, small carnation stars are scarlet, and the shy eyes of a cornflower are occasionally peeping through).
The second sentence complements the first. In this case, you can put a comma and the union HOW, WHAT or SEE WHAT between the sentences.	I feel: carefully, as if fearing something, fingers slowly move up to the shoulder. (I can feel my fingers slowly moving up to my shoulder, as if in fear of something.)

Colon or not colon?

In this case, there are also rules.

1. What punctuation marks are missing in the sentence?

Somehow it happened (…) that Vera left ahead of schedule (…) but now this did not frighten Sergei at all (…) he knew (…) that his father and everyone else would be back in the evening.

2. Arrange punctuation marks in the BSP. Examples of sentences are given below.

1) The picture has changed (…) already on the white tablecloth of the fields, in some places, black spots and stripes of thawed earth were visible.

2) I really liked listening to the girl (...) she painted to me about the world, unknown to me.

3) A little bit more (...) her eyes will come to life, a smile will bloom on her face.

4) I looked out the window (...) the stars flared up brightly in the cleared sky.

5) How many years have I served (...) this has not happened to me yet.

Let's summarize the studied

BSPs are a complex system that includes four types of sentences, depending on the punctuation marks between the parts of a complex sentence - comma, semicolon, colon, dash.

Punctuation marks in BSP. Table with examples
	semicolon		colon
A shot slammed, then a machine gun crackled.	Near the door I saw a boy who turned blue from the cold; he was wearing wet clothes that had stuck to his body; he was barefoot, and his little feet were covered in mud as in socks; a shiver went through me from head to toe at the sight of him.	In the summer, the trees merged into one green mass - in the fall, each stands separately, by itself. Dawn began to dawn - we woke up and went out into the street. Life without joy is a day without a sun. If you give it, I won't take it.	Here's what I’ll do: at night I’ll come with a detachment, set fire to explosives and raise that house, that is, the research station, into the air. He thought to himself: the doctor should be called. The bird could not fly: its wing was broken.
BSP with punctuation marks. The rule
A comma is used if sentences with connecting relations.	A semicolon is put if sentences with connecting relations have their own commas inside them.	A dash is put if sentences with opposing, temporary, comparative, concessive, investigative relations.	A colon is put if sentences with explanatory, additional, causal relations.

What is the difference between punctuation marks in SSP, SPP, BSP

Relationships are established between the parts of the BSP, similar to those found in union sentences: complex and complex.

Unionless
A floorboard creaked in one corner, a door creaked.	A floorboard creaked in one corner and a door creaked (SSP).
It was already evening, the sun disappeared behind the pine grove, which was behind the garden; her shadow ran endlessly across the fields.	It was already getting dark, the sun disappeared behind the pine grove, which was behind the garden, and its shadow ran endlessly across the fields.
He felt ashamed to kill an unarmed man - he thought and lowered the gun.	He felt ashamed to kill an unarmed man, so he thought and lowered the gun.
I entered the hut: two benches along the walls and a large chest near the stove made up its entire furnishings.	I entered the hut and saw that two benches along the walls and a large chest near the stove made up its entire furnishings.

As can be seen from the table, the setting of punctuation marks in the BSP is much richer than in union sentences that use only commas. But in allied constructions, the semantic relations of the parts are understandable and clear, thanks to the unions:

simultaneity, consistency - the union And;
the reason is the union BECAUSE;
the consequence - the union THEREFORE;
comparison - the union AS;
time - union WHEN;
conditions - union IF;
addition - the union WHAT;
explanation - the union that IS;
opposition - the union of A.

The placement of punctuation marks in the BSP is needed to express semantic relations between sentences, they serve as unions.

Examples of BSP

Examples illustrate BSP options:

with a conditional relationship: If you stay here for a day, then you will find out.
with a temporary relationship: If you do it, we will transfer you to a manager.
with the meaning of the consequence: The rain is over - you can move on.
with conditional relationships: the sun is shining - we are working, it is raining - we are resting.
with concessional attitudes: I would have such a dog - I don't need a cow.
with adversarial attitudes: The city is beautiful - a rural mile to me.

with a connecting relationship: A man sitting at a table talking on the phone; the child was still asleep on the couch.
with an explanatory relationship: I advise you: do not lift other people's wallets.
with the relationship of the consequences: The land was needed for crops: we had to plow the gardens.
with explanatory relationships: Occasionally voices were heard: late pedestrians were returning home.
with a relationship of reason: We must give him his due - he was very hot, bold and persistent.
with the relationship of comparison: It is not the wind that makes noise in the open, it is not the sea that rages in a storm - my heart yearns for my homeland, there is no peace and happiness in it.

An example of an OGE assignment

Among the proposals, you need to find complex ones with a non-union connection between parts:

1) The Holy Sea - this is what Baikal has been called for a long time. 2) Let's not assure that there is nothing in the world better than Baikal: everyone is free to love something of their own, and for the Eskimo his tundra is the crown of creation. 3) We love pictures of our native land from a young age, they define our very essence. 4) And it is not enough to think that they are dear to us, they are our part. 5) You cannot compare icy Greenland with the hot sands of the Sahara, the taiga of Siberia with the steppes of the Central Russian strip, the Caspian with Baikal, but you can convey your impressions of them.

6) But still, Nature has her favorites, which she creates with special care and endows with special attractiveness. 7) Such a creation is undoubtedly Baikal.

8) Even if we do not even talk about its wealth, Baikal is glorious for others - for its wonderful power, timeless reserved power.

9) I remember how my friend and I went far along the shore of our sea. 10) It was the beginning of August, the most blessed time, when the water has warmed up, the hills are raging with different colors, when the sun makes the fallen snow shine on the distant Sayan mountains, when Baikal, having stocked up with water from melted glaciers, lies sated and calm, gaining strength for autumn storms, when fish splashing merrily to the cries of seagulls.