An example of a conflict situation and its solution. Ways to resolve conflicts

Conflicts are an integral part of people's lives.

The ability to behave competently in adverse circumstances is the key to calmness and self-confidence.

For this reason, it is useful for any person to study examples of what conflict situations can be and how to resolve them.

How to avoid conflict between teacher and student? Find out about it from our.

The concept and psychology of conflictology

- what it is? In short, it is clash of interests, opinions and views.

As a result of the conflict, a crisis situation arises in which each participant in the collision seeks to impose his point of view on the other side.

Conflict not stopped in time can lead to open confrontation, in which the subject of the dispute is relegated to the background and the ambitions of the parties come to the fore.

As a rule, as a result of the conflict, there are no losers and winners, since all participants spend their energy and, as a result, do not receive positive emotions.

Particular danger represent internal conflicts when a person is tormented by conflicting thoughts and desires tearing him apart. Prolonged states of internal conflicts often end in depression and neuroses.

A modern person needs to be able to recognize an incipient conflict in time, to take competent steps to prevent the escalation of the conflict and its elimination at the inception stage.

If, nevertheless, the conflict cannot be extinguished immediately, it is necessary to be able to build the correct and get out of the conflict competently with minimal losses.

How does it arise?

As a result of numerous studies, it has been determined that most conflicts arise without the corresponding intentions of their participants.

Often people involuntarily react to conflict genes of other people, or they themselves are a source of conflict genes, as a result of which a stressful situation arises.

Conflict genes- words, actions, deeds leading to a conflict. They arise when the participants have any psychological problems, or are used purposefully to achieve the set goals.

Most of the conflict genes are manifested for the following reasons:

lust for superiority... Striving to prove your worth;
aggressiveness... Initially aggressive behavior towards other people, caused by a negative emotional state;
selfishness... Striving to achieve your goals at any cost.

How do conflicts arise? True reasons and solutions:

Popular techniques for resolving the situation

The most effective strategies that are most often used in practice for conflict management:

On the ways to resolve conflicts in this video:

Resolution methods

From a scientific point of view, there are specific methods of conflict resolution:

Structural

Most often used in the professional field. These include:

Constructive

How to resist aggression and successfully resolve the conflict? Similar ways of resolving conflicts are more used in communication.

To successfully resolve the situation using constructive methods, it is necessary to form an adequate perception of the situation among the participants, dispose them to open interaction, create an atmosphere of goodwill and trust, jointly determine the root of the problem.

Constructive styles include:

Integral

Makes each side feel like a winner... A similar effect is achieved if the parties agree to abandon their original positions, reconsider the situation and find a solution that satisfies everyone.

The method can only be used if the parties to the dispute demonstrate flexibility of thinking and the ability to adapt to new circumstances.

Compromise

Most peaceful, mature way resolving the situation.

The parties decide on mutual concessions in order to eliminate the negative factors that caused the dispute.

Such behavior of people allows not only to peacefully settle the emerging contradictions without prejudice to anyone but also build long-term communication links.

Way out of the conflict

How to get out of conflict situations? To get out of this unpleasant situation the following steps need to be taken:

Stop using words or actions that provoke negative feedback from your opponent.
Do not react to such behavior on the part of the interlocutor.
Demonstrate disposition towards another person. This can be done with the help of gestures, facial expressions, words. Smiling, stroking the shoulder, shaking hands, using polite phrases - all this helps to smooth out disputes.
The interlocutor immediately acquires a positive attitude and the situation is soon resolved.

Examples of conflict situations

In society

Best resolved using constructive methods.

For example, the neighbors of an apartment building may come into conflict over the distribution of parking spaces in the courtyard.

Some neighbors will insist on the organization of clear markings, in accordance with which each car is assigned a specific parking space. Other residents will advocate for the possibility of free car placement.

In this situation the most effective methods of resolving a dispute will be building a dialogue, joint solution of the situation by means of a compromise.

Residents just need to organize a meeting and make a decision at it that part of the area in the courtyard is allocated for individual parking, and the other part remains for the supporters of arbitrary parking.

Between employees

Better to deal with structural methods.

For example, employees of one team may come into conflict in connection with inability to work together in the same direction.

Each defines a range of responsibilities for himself, which is not approved by his colleague. The result is the emergence of a conflict situation and ineffectiveness of joint work.

The manager of the disputed employees needs to apply methods of clarifying requirements, setting goals and assigning remuneration.

Each employee will be explained the principle of his work, a clear range of job responsibilities. In front of colleagues joint goals will be set upon reaching which, they will receive the promised reward (bonus, promotion, etc.).

How to properly resolve conflicts? Learn from the video:

Completion forms

What relates to the form of the end of the conflict? Conflict of interest can be ended as follows:

Permission... The prerequisites may be that the parties have a desire to end the dispute and not return to it in the future. For the final resolution of the conflict, the involvement of third parties may be required. This is especially true in the field of professional relationships.
Attenuation... The dispute may cease to be relevant for one of the parties, or for all participants in the process. In the first case, the second party does not find a response to its own words and actions and is forced to end the conflict. In the second case, the parties simultaneously decide on their unwillingness to continue the dispute due to fatigue, end of arguments, loss of interest in the subject of the dispute, etc.
This type of end of the conflict is not always the case, because when a new stimulus arises, the dispute can resume with renewed vigor.
Settlement... The parties come to a compromise, reach mutual agreements. As a result, the dispute is resolved through constructive dialogue and effective interpersonal interaction.
Elimination... The basis of the conflict is eliminated, transformed, modified, etc. In other words, the subject of the dispute ceases to be relevant at the current moment in time and the fact of a conflict of interests automatically disappears.
Growing into a new dispute... Unresolved contradictions on one issue can become a source of new conflicts generated by the primary dispute. This effect is especially often observed when a remark made by one of the spouses on any issue develops into a mutual exchange of reproaches.

Completion is not always a resolution

Does ending a conflict always mean resolving it? It is important not to confuse the concept of ending a conflict situation with its resolution.

Ending the conflict- this is the moment of the end of the actions of the parties at the current time, the termination of the dispute for various reasons (fading, growing into a new dispute, etc.)

The end of the dispute at the moment does not guarantee that it will not appear again after a while. This is due to the fact that they did not share the source of the conflict, and the parties did not achieve any result.

Conflict resolution involves the conscious application of methods and techniques aimed at correcting the negative situation that has arisen.

The resolved conflict allows the parties to reconcile and no longer return to the subject of the dispute.

Thus, a conflict can arise in any area of human life. as a result of the collision of his interests with the interests of other people.

There are many ways to get out of a conflict. It is important to be able to put them into practice before the situation gets serious.

How to communicate with other people, if you have different points of view with them on some issues, in this video:

What is conflict? The definitions of this concept can be divided into two groups. In the public consciousness, conflict is most often synonymous with hostile, negative confrontation between people due to the incompatibility of interests, norms of behavior, and goals.

But there is another understanding of the conflict as an absolutely natural phenomenon in the life of society, which does not necessarily lead to negative consequences. On the contrary, when choosing the right channel for its course, it is an important component of the development of society.

Depending on the results of solving conflict situations, they can be designated as destructive or constructive... As a result destructive collision is the dissatisfaction of one or both parties with the result of the collision, the destruction of relations, resentment, misunderstanding.

Constructive is a conflict, the solution of which became useful for the parties who took part in it, if they built, acquired something valuable for themselves in it, remained satisfied with its result.

Variety of school conflicts. Causes and solutions

Conflict at school is a multifaceted phenomenon. When communicating with participants in school life, the teacher also has to be a psychologist. The following "debriefing" of collisions with each group of participants can become a "cheat sheet" for the teacher in exams on the subject of "School conflict".

Disciple-disciple conflict

Disagreements between children are common, including in school life. In this case, the teacher is not a conflicting party, but it is sometimes necessary to take part in a dispute between students.

Causes of conflicts between students

rivalry

deception, gossip

insults

hostility towards the teacher's favorite students

personal dislike for a person

sympathy without reciprocity

fight for a girl (boy)

Ways to resolve conflicts between students

How can such disagreements be resolved constructively? Very often, children can resolve a conflict situation on their own, without the help of an adult. If teacher intervention is still necessary, it is important to do so in a calm manner. It is better to do without pressure on the child, without a public apology, limiting ourselves to a hint. It is better if the student himself finds an algorithm for solving this problem. Constructive conflict will add social skills to the child's piggy bank of experience that will help him communicate with peers, teach him how to solve problems, which will be useful to him in adult life.

After resolving the conflict situation, the dialogue between the teacher and the child is important. It is good to call the student by name, it is important that he feels an atmosphere of trust, benevolence. You can say something like: “Dima, the conflict is not a reason to worry. There will be many more such disagreements in your life, and this is not bad. It is important to solve it correctly, without mutual reproaches and insults, to draw conclusions, some work on mistakes. Such a conflict will be useful. "

The child often quarrels and shows aggression if he does not have friends and hobbies. In this case, the teacher can try to remedy the situation by talking with the student's parents, recommending to enroll the child in a circle or sports section, according to his interests. The new occupation will not leave time for intrigue and gossip, it will give you an interesting and useful pastime, new acquaintances.

Conflict "Teacher - parent of student"

Such conflicting actions can be provoked by both the teacher and the parent. Discontent can be mutual.

Causes of the conflict between teacher and parents

different views of the parties about the means of education

parental dissatisfaction with the teacher's teaching methods

personal animosity

parent's opinion about unjustified underestimation of the child's grades

Ways to resolve the conflict with the student's parents

How can such grievances be resolved constructively and the stumbling blocks be broken? When a conflict situation arises at school, it is important to understand it calmly, realistically, without distortion to look at things. Usually, everything happens in a different way: the conflicting one turns a blind eye to his own mistakes, while simultaneously looking for them in the opponent's behavior.

When the situation is soberly assessed and the problem is outlined, it is easier for the teacher to find the true cause. conflict with a "difficult" parent, evaluate the correctness of the actions of both parties, outline the way to a constructive resolution of an unpleasant moment.

The next step on the way to agreement will be an open dialogue between the teacher and the parent, where the parties are equal. The analysis of the situation will help the teacher express his thoughts and ideas about the problem to the parent, show understanding, clarify the common goal, and together find a way out of the current situation.

After resolving the conflict, the conclusions drawn about what was done wrong and how to act so that the tense moment does not come will help prevent similar situations in the future.

Example

Anton is a self-confident high school student with no extraordinary abilities. Relations with the children in the class are cool, there are no school friends. At home, the boy characterizes the guys from a negative side, pointing out their shortcomings, fictional or exaggerated, shows dissatisfaction with the teachers, notes that many teachers underestimate his grades. Mom unconditionally trusts her son, assent to him, which further spoils the boy's relationship with his classmates, causes negativity to the teachers. The volcano of conflict explodes when a parent enters the school in anger, complaining about the teachers and the school administration. No amount of persuasion and persuasion has a cooling effect on her. The conflict does not end until the child finishes school. Obviously, this situation is destructive.

What can be a constructive approach to solving an urgent problem? Using the above recommendations, we can assume that Anton's class teacher could have analyzed the situation like this: “Anton provoked the conflict between the mother and the school teachers. This speaks of the boy's inner dissatisfaction with his relations with the children in the class. The mother added fuel to the fire without understanding the situation, increasing her son's hostility and mistrust towards the people around him at school. What caused the return, which was expressed by the cool attitude of the guys towards Anton. "

The common goal of parent and teacher could be desire to close Anton's relationship with the class.

A good result can be given by a dialogue between the teacher and Anton and his mother, which would show the desire of the class teacher to help the boy... It is important that Anton himself wants to change. It is good to talk with the children in the class so that they reconsider their attitude towards the boy, entrust them with joint responsible work, organize extracurricular activities that contribute to the unity of the children.

Conflict "Teacher - student"

Such conflicts are perhaps the most frequent, because students and teachers spend time together hardly less than parents and children. Causes of conflicts between teacher and students

lack of unity in the requirements of teachers

excessive demands on the student

volatility of teacher demands

failure to meet requirements by the teacher himself

the student considers himself underappreciated

the teacher cannot come to terms with the student's shortcomings

personal qualities of a teacher or student (irritability, helplessness, rudeness)

Resolving the conflict between teacher and student

It is better to defuse a tense situation without leading it to conflict. To do this, you can use some psychological tricks.

Natural reactions to irritability and raising voice are similar actions.... The consequence of a conversation in a raised voice will be an aggravation of the conflict. Therefore, the correct action on the part of the teacher is a calm, benevolent, confident tone in response to the student's violent reaction. Soon the child will be "infected" with the calmness of the teacher.

Dissatisfaction and irritability most often come from students who are lagging behind who perform school duties in bad faith. You can inspire a student to succeed in school and help forget about your grievances by entrusting him with a responsible task and expressing confidence that he will do it well.

A benevolent and fair attitude towards students will be the key to a healthy atmosphere in the classroom, making it easy to implement the proposed recommendations.

It is worth noting that it is important to consider certain things in the dialogue between teacher and student. It is worth preparing for it in advance so that you know what to say to your child. How to say - the component is no less important. A calm tone and the absence of negative emotions are what you need to get a good result. And the command tone, which teachers often use, reproaches and threats, is better to forget. You need to be able to listen and hear the child. If punishment is necessary, it is worth considering it in such a way as to exclude humiliation of the student, a change in attitude towards him. Example

A sixth grade student, Oksana, does poorly in her studies, is irritable and rude in dealing with the teacher. At one of the lessons, the girl prevented other children from completing assignments, threw pieces of paper at the children, did not react to the teacher even after several remarks about herself. Oksana also did not react to the teacher's request to leave the classroom, remaining to sit still. The teacher's irritation led him to the decision to stop teaching, and after the call to leave the whole class after lessons. This naturally led to the discontent of the guys.

Such a solution to the conflict entailed destructive changes in the understanding between the student and the teacher.

A constructive solution to the problem might look like this. After Oksana ignored the teacher's request to stop interfering with the children, the teacher could get out of the situation by jokingly saying something with an ironic smile to the girl, for example: “Oksana has eaten little porridge today, the range and accuracy of her throw suffers, the last piece of paper and did not reach the addressee. " After that, calmly continue to lead the lesson further. After the lesson, you could try to talk to the girl, show her your benevolent attitude, understanding, desire to help. It is a good idea to talk to the girl's parents to find out the possible reason for this behavior. Paying more attention to the girl, trusting responsible assignments, helping her in completing tasks, encouraging her actions with praise - all this would be useful in the process of bringing the conflict to a constructive outcome.

The task of the lesson: to study and consolidate on specific examples the styles of constructive behavior in conflict situations.

Exercise - warm-up "Gvalt"

Description of the exercise. Option 1. Participants are divided into pairs. The members of each pair are placed in space at the greatest possible distance from each other (best of all, in different corners of the room), after which everyone starts talking at the same time. The task is to conduct a conversation with your partner against the background of the general noise, highlighting his voice from the rest.

Option 2. Participants line up in two lines, facing each other at a distance of 1.5–2 m. Each participant alternately passes between these lines back and forth. From one rank they shout at him only good (positively emotionally colored), from the other - only bad. The participant's task is to listen only to the bad on the way to one side, and only to the good on the other.

Demonstration of the effect of selectivity of perception in the process of communication, which is always the case in conflicts. Development of the ability to highlight the necessary information against the background of general noise.

Discussion."Give examples from life that show that a person is inclined to hear only what he wants to hear."

Next, the following psychodiagnostic test is carried out. The presenter reads out the answer options, the participants mark their choice on the pieces of paper, after which the presenter explains the rules for processing the results and reads out the key, the participants independently calculate the test results. After that, the presenter talks about the styles of behavior in conflict situations.

Conflict behavior strategies Table 7 provides descriptions of possible options for behavior in conflict situations, grouped into 30 pairs. Choose from each pair the judgment that is more typical for the characteristics of your behavior (one judgment from each pair). Some formulations, as you will notice, are repeated several times, but they are always in different combinations with each other, so the choice must be made anew in each pair.

Table 7

Key

Scoring is done using the table below. The columns of the table, numbered from "1" to "5", are five strategies of behavior in conflict situations. Each of the answer options is estimated at 1 point in favor of the strategy to which it belongs (that is, points must be calculated for each of the columns separately).

The maximum possible value for each of the test indicators is 12 points, the average is 6. If more than 8 points are scored for some parameter, this is the preferred strategy of behavior in conflict situations, less than 4 is the avoided strategy. Interpretation of results

Here are the strategies for behavior in conflict situations, the propensity for which this technique allows you to determine:

♦ Rivalry - the desire to achieve the satisfaction of their interests to the detriment of another.

♦ Cooperation - the choice of an alternative that best meets the interests of both parties.

♦ Compromise is a choice in which each side gains something, but loses something.

♦ Avoidance - avoiding conflict situations, lack of both the desire for cooperation and attempts to achieve their own goals.

♦ Accommodation - sacrificing one's own interests for the sake of another.

These strategies can be graphically reflected in the coordinate system "your interests - the interests of another party to the conflict" in this way (Fig. 6):

Rice. 6

Let's think about the pros and cons of different conflict resolution strategies. As in the discussion of any personality characteristics, let's try to avoid the categories "good" or "bad", because the same strategy of behavior can be both bad and good: depending on for whom, depending on why, depending on what situation. Here are some guidelines for when and what strategy to use. Cooperation can take place when those who have come into conflict have the opportunity to find some common points of interest that allow satisfying the needs of both. Like in the parable of two people who quarreled because they could not share a lemon. But in fact, one of them needed pulp to bake a pie, and the other needed a skin to cook compote. If they had defined right away what they needed, there would have been no conflict. Cooperation is the best way to resolve conflicts, but unfortunately it is not always possible; there are quite a few situations in life when the achievement of goals by one means the defeat of the other (classic examples - two guys "share" a girl, or two sports teams play a knockout match).

Rivalry - this is a strategy that makes sense to resort to when two conditions coincide:

♦ The cause of the conflict is more important to you than the friendship with the person with whom you are in conflict.

♦ You are confident in the superiority of your powers. After all, if you start a rivalry, you will most likely be answered in kind.

Adjustment, on the other hand, is more justifiable when maintaining a good relationship is more important to you than a cause of conflict. Or when you are faced with the pressure of brute superior force. With three angry robbers, armed with knives and pistols, it is better not to compete for a lonely unarmed passer-by.

Compromise it is appropriate in the case when what became the cause of the conflict can be divided in such a way as to at least partially satisfy the needs of all those involved in the contradiction. Avoidance it is most justified if one's own calmness is more valuable than the cause of the conflict, and even when the conflict is imposed, trying to satisfy some of their needs. It is foolish to interfere with a sales agent trying to "snatch" another rubbish; it is much easier to just slam the apartment door in front of his nose (or even better, not to open it at all!) or silently walk away from him on the street.

Now let's look at an example: in a dark alley, you were attacked by a robber who demands that you give him all the money. The following action scenarios are possible:

1. Rivalry - to provide physical resistance.

2. Cooperation - to try to "lead" this robber to a richer acquaintance, setting a condition: to divide the money obtained in this way.

3. Compromise - to agree with the robber that he takes only part of the available money in exchange for the victim's promise not to file a complaint with the police.

4. Avoidance - try to escape.

5. Accommodation - resignedly to give up all available cash.

When is the first method preferred? When there is a guarantee that the robber is weaker and more cowardly than the opponent. And if the robber is armed, and the competitor trembles like an aspen leaf? The resolution of such a conflict can be tragic. The second method for the described situation is acceptable only if the victim turns out to be a robber (there is every reason to hope that both of them will someday end badly). The third way (diplomatic) in dealing with a robber is perhaps not entirely appropriate, although there are all sorts of eccentrics. Trying to escape in the situation described above is a very good strategy for those who know how to run fast and know where to run. But it is very insulting to resignedly give up all the available cash, but sometimes this is exactly what is absolutely justified. It seems that in this example, the most profitable strategy is still the fourth - avoidance, but not in the sense of “making legs,” but in the sense of avoiding the possibility of getting into such a situation as much as possible. As, however, and in other similar situations.

Role-playing game "Conflicts"

Description of the game. Participants are offered several conflict situations, the development of which they play in pairs. There are a few more situations that teenagers themselves may come up with. The resulting scenes are discussed in a circle.

Examples of conflict situations: 1. You agreed to go to a disco with friends (girlfriends) on the occasion of your birthday. And my mother says: "You won't go anywhere at night looking, little one yet!"

2. A friend took the book from you and promised to return it in a week. A month has passed since then, and he never returned the book. And you desperately need it to prepare your homework. Yesterday you called him at home and reminded him of the book, he promised to bring it on oath. And today he says: "Sorry, I forgot where I put it, and now I can't find it."

3. You bought a pound of sausage in the store, brought it home and then found it stale. You go back to the store, give the seller the sausage and the check, and ask for a refund for the low-quality product. And he replies: “I don't know anything, all our products are fresh. You purchased it elsewhere. "

The psychological meaning of the game. Actualization of knowledge about various styles of behavior in situations of interpersonal conflict, their demonstration by life examples.

Discussion. When discussing this role-playing game, it should be noted that the appropriateness of using different styles of behavior, depending on the type of conflict situation, can vary greatly. In particular, the rigidity of the styles used depends on the degree of proximity of the parties to the conflict (in our example: mother, friend, stranger), the validity of their requirements (the mother's concern for her son or daughter is quite understandable, the seller is simply rude), the mutual dependence of the conflicting parties (with parents have to live together for a long time, it is also hardly advisable to part with a friend because of a book, and you can no longer meet with a careless seller).

Exercise "Foreigner"

Description of the exercise.“Imagine yourself in the role of a foreigner who does not know Russian very well, and therefore is not able to understand the allegorical meaning of the statements. He understands all words literally: for example, hearing "Don't hang your nose", imagines a man hanged by the nose and thinks that this is a medieval method of execution. Suggest as many options as you can what he might think after hearing these phrases:

♦ on your own mind;

♦ mosquito nose will not undermine;

♦ throw beads in front of pigs;

♦ the devil himself is not a brother;

♦ passed fire, water and copper pipes;

♦ if you do not grease, you will not go;

♦ seven nannies have a child without an eye;

♦ eggs are not taught to chicken;

♦ You cannot beg for last year's snow in winter;

♦ the house was full bowl;

♦ on the thief and the hat is on fire. "

The exercise is performed in subgroups of 3-4 people, each subgroup chooses 3 phrases for itself and comes up with as many possible options for their literal interpretation.

The psychological meaning of the exercise. The exercise teaches to consider in new, unusual perspectives what seems understandable, familiar and banal, taking the position of a naive listener who does not have a formed idea of what he perceives. The ability to take such a position is one of the important prerequisites for the ability to constructively resolve conflicts.

Discussion.“You see how uniquely you can perceive understandable and familiar phrases, just mentally taking the position of a person who does not know their meaning in advance! Please share examples of situations from your life, when the refusal from a previously known understanding of a situation helped to see it in a new perspective, to resolve the conflicts associated with it. "

State budgetary special (correctional) educational institution of the Republic of Khakassia for students, pupils with disabilities "Special (correctional) general education boarding school III, IV types"

teacher of history and social studies, CDO

Ten Tatiana Anatolyevna

Cards with examples of conflict situations for psychological and pedagogical training

"Techniques for constructive solutions to conflict situations."

Situation 1

English lesson. The class is divided into subgroups. In one of the subgroups, the teacher was changed. When checking the homework, the new teacher, without introducing the students to their requirements, asked them to answer the topic by heart. One of the students said that in the past they were allowed to retell the text freely, and not by heart. For the retelling, she received -3. which caused her negative attitude towards the teacher. The girl came to the next lesson without completing her homework, although she was a diligent student. After the questioning, the teacher gave her 2. The next lesson the girl tried to disrupt by persuading

classmates skip class. At the teacher's request, the children returned to the class, but refused to complete the assignments. After the lessons, the student turned to the class teacher with a request to transfer her to another subgroup.

Situation 2

A conflict arose between the student and the teacher: the teacher is outraged by the student's poor academic performance and gives him the opportunity to correct grades with the help of an abstract, the student agrees and brings an abstract to the next lesson. Firstly, not on the topic, but as he liked, although he spent, according to him, his entire evening preparing for it. Secondly, all rumpled. The teacher is outraged even more and in a harsh form says that this is his humiliation as a teacher. The student stands up defiantly and begins to swing his legs back and forth, holding on to the desk. The teacher first tries to seat the student, but, unable to bear it, grabs him and pushes him out of the class, then takes him to the principal, leaves him there and goes to the class.

Situation 3

After the call, the math teacher delayed the class during recess. As a result, the students were late for the next lesson - a physics lesson. The angry physics teacher expressed his indignation to the mathematics teacher, as he had a test scheduled. His subject, he believes, is very difficult, and he considers it unacceptable to waste time in the lesson due to late students. The mathematics teacher objected that his subject was no less important and difficult. The conversation takes place in the corridor in a raised voice with a large number of witnesses.

1. Indicate the structural components (subject, participants, macroenvironment, image) of the conflict in each presented situation.

2. Determine the type of conflict presented in each of the situations.

Situation 4

Lesson in the 8th grade. While checking homework, the teacher calls the same student three times. All three times the boy answered with silence, although he usually did well on this subject. As a result - "2" in the magazine. The next day, the survey begins again with this student. And when he again did not answer, the teacher removed him from the lesson. The same story was repeated in the next two classes, then truancy and parents' call to school followed. But the parents expressed their dissatisfaction with the teacher that he could not find an approach to their son. In response, the teacher complained to the parents that they did not pay due attention to their son. The conversation continued in the director's office.

Determine the styles of behavior of the participants in this conflict situation.

1. What style of behavior characterizes the teacher? Parents?

2. What style of behavior does the student demonstrate?

3. What style of conflict resolution, in your opinion, is the most effective in this situation?

Analyze the proposed situations from the point of view of the manifestation of the dynamics of the conflict:

Situation 5

Parents came to the kindergarten to pick up their son's documents. The child attended kindergarten for three days, after which he fell ill, and the parents decided to pick up the child. The manager demanded that the parents pay for the child's stay in the kindergarten through the Savings Bank. But her parents did not want to go to the bank and offered to pay money to her personally. The manager explained to her parents that she could not accept the money. The parents were indignant and, having uttered a lot of insults at her and at the kindergarten, left, slamming the door.

Situation 6

Before the start of the lesson 10 minutes. There is a teacher and several students in the class. The atmosphere is calm and friendly. Another teacher enters the class in order to get the necessary information from a colleague. Approaching a colleague and conducting a conversation with him, the teacher who entered suddenly interrupts her and turns his attention to a 10th grade student sitting opposite, who has a gold ring on her hand: “Look, all the students are walking around in gold. Who allowed you to carry gold to school ?! "

At the same time, without waiting for an answer from the student, the teacher turned to the door and, continuing to loudly indignant, left the office, slamming the door at the same time.

One of the students asked: "What was that?" The question remained unanswered. The teacher sitting in the class was silent all this time, not finding a way out of this situation. The student was embarrassed, blushed, began to remove the ring from her hand. Turning to either the teacher, or to everyone in the class, she asked: "Why and for what?" Tears appeared in the girl's eyes.

Analyze the proposed situations. Try to imagine possible solutions using the techniques from the set of prepared reactions.

Situation 7

During the meeting, a parent of students in your class began to criticize your teaching and education methods. As the dialogue progressed, he began to lose his temper, shouting offensive remarks in anger at you. You cannot allow a parent to behave like that. What will you do?

Situation 8

On the street, you unexpectedly meet your colleague, who is officially on sick leave. It is her lessons that you are forced to "replace". But you find her in perfect health. What will you do?

Situation 9

At the beginning of the school year, the headmaster asked you to temporarily perform the duties of the head teacher for educational work, promising additional payment for this. But after three months, the promised payment has not been credited to you. What will you do?

Situation 10

At recess, a tear-stained student came up to you. In her opinion, you unfairly gave her an annual grade in your subject. What will you do?

Imagine the possible actions of the teacher in this situation.

Situation 11

In the lesson, the teacher made several remarks to the student who was not studying. He did not react to comments, continued to interfere with others, asked ridiculous questions to the students around him and distracted them from the topic explained by the teacher. The teacher made another remark and warned that it was the last. She continued her explanation, but the rustle and hum did not diminish. Then the teacher went up to the student, took the diary from the desk and wrote down the remark. Further, the lesson was actually disrupted, as the student continued to communicate with his classmates with greater force, and the teacher could no longer stop him.

In the course of his professional activity, the teacher, in addition to his direct responsibilities related to teaching and upbringing of the younger generation, has to communicate with colleagues, students, and their parents.

With daily interaction, it is hardly possible to do without conflict situations. And is it really necessary? After correctly resolving a tense moment, it is easy to achieve good constructive results, bring people closer, help them understand each other, and make progress in educational aspects.

Definition of the conflict. Destructive and constructive ways of solving conflict situations

Variety of school conflicts. Causes and solutions

Disciple-disciple conflict

Disagreements between children are common, including in school life. In this case, the teacher is not a conflicting party, but it is sometimes necessary to take part in a dispute between students.

Causes of conflicts between students

struggle for authority
rivalry
deception, gossip
insults
resentment
hostility towards the teacher's favorite students
personal dislike for a person
sympathy without reciprocity
fight for a girl (boy)

Ways to resolve conflicts between students

Conflict "Teacher - parent of student"

Such conflicting actions can be provoked by both the teacher and the parent. Discontent can be mutual.

Causes of the conflict between teacher and parents

different views of the parties about the means of education
parental dissatisfaction with the teacher's teaching methods
personal animosity
parent's opinion about unjustified underestimation of the child's grades

Ways to resolve the conflict with the student's parents

When the situation is soberly assessed and the problem is outlined, it is easier for the teacher to find the true reason, evaluate the correctness of the actions of both parties, and outline the way to a constructive resolution of the unpleasant moment.

After resolving the conflict, the conclusions drawn about what was done wrong and how to act so that the tense moment does not come will help prevent similar situations in the future.

Example

Anton is a self-confident high school student who does not have extraordinary abilities. Relations with the children in the class are cool, there are no school friends.
At home, the boy characterizes the guys from a negative side, pointing out their shortcomings, fictional or exaggerated, shows dissatisfaction with the teachers, notes that many teachers underestimate his grades.
Mom unconditionally trusts her son, assent to him, which further spoils the boy's relationship with his classmates, causes negativity to the teachers.
The volcano of conflict explodes when a parent enters the school in anger, complaining about the teachers and the school administration. No amount of persuasion and persuasion has a cooling effect on her. The conflict does not end until the child finishes school. Obviously, this situation is destructive.

What can be a constructive approach to solving an urgent problem?

Using the above recommendations, we can assume that Anton's class teacher could have analyzed the situation like this: “Anton provoked the conflict between the mother and the school teachers. This speaks of the boy's inner dissatisfaction with his relations with the children in the class. The mother added fuel to the fire without understanding the situation, increasing her son's hostility and mistrust towards the people around him at school. What caused the return, which was expressed by the cool attitude of the guys towards Anton. "

The common goal of parent and teacher could be desire to close Anton's relationship with the class.

Conflict "Teacher - student"

Such conflicts are perhaps the most frequent, because students and teachers spend time together hardly less than parents and children.

Causes of conflicts between teacher and students

lack of unity in the requirements of teachers
excessive demands on the student
volatility of teacher demands
failure to meet requirements by the teacher himself
the student considers himself underappreciated
the teacher cannot come to terms with the student's shortcomings
personal qualities of a teacher or student (irritability, helplessness, rudeness)

Resolving the conflict between teacher and student

It is better to defuse a tense situation without leading it to conflict. To do this, you can use some psychological tricks.

A benevolent and fair attitude towards students will be the key to a healthy atmosphere in the classroom, making it easy to implement the proposed recommendations.

If punishment is necessary, it is worth considering it in such a way as to exclude humiliation of the student, a change in attitude towards him.

Example

A sixth grade student, Oksana, does poorly in her studies, is irritable and rude in dealing with the teacher. At one of the lessons, the girl prevented other children from completing assignments, threw pieces of paper at the children, did not react to the teacher even after several remarks about herself. Oksana also did not react to the teacher's request to leave the classroom, remaining to sit still. The teacher's irritation led him to the decision to stop teaching, and after the call to leave the whole class after lessons. This naturally led to the discontent of the guys.

Such a solution to the conflict entailed destructive changes in the understanding between the student and the teacher.

After the lesson, you could try to talk to the girl, show her your benevolent attitude, understanding, desire to help. It is a good idea to talk to the girl's parents to find out the possible reason for this behavior. Paying more attention to the girl, trusting responsible assignments, helping her in completing tasks, encouraging her actions with praise - all this would be useful in the process of bringing the conflict to a constructive outcome.

A unified algorithm for solving any school conflict

Having studied the above recommendations for each of the conflicts at school, one can trace the similarity of their constructive resolution. Let's denote it again.

The first thing that will be useful when a problem is ripe is calmness.
The second point is the analysis of the situation no vicissitudes.
The third important point is open dialogue between the conflicting parties, the ability to listen to the interlocutor, calmly state your view on the problem of the conflict.
The fourth thing that will help to come to the desired constructive result - identifying a common goal, ways to solve the problem, allowing you to come to this goal.
The last, fifth point will be conclusions that will help you avoid communication and interaction mistakes in the future.

So what is conflict? Good or Evil? The answers to these questions lie in the way we deal with stressful situations. The absence of conflicts at school is almost impossible.... And you still have to solve them. A constructive solution leads to a relationship of trust and peace in the classroom, a destructive one - accumulates resentment and irritation. To stop and think at the moment when irritation and anger flood over is an important moment in choosing your own way of resolving conflict situations.

Photo: Ekaterina Afanasyicheva.