On the Alley of Heroes of the Moscow Automobile Plant named after I.A.

The plant sent 16 thousand people to the front. Of these, three armored units were formed: the 63rd separate tank brigade, which began its journey near Naro-Fominsk, and two separate units of the 24th tank brigade. Hundreds of warriors of the plant were awarded high government awards. 16 zilovites became Heroes of the Soviet Union.

The Glory Memorial is a granite stele with a relief image of three warriors. On the stele there is a laurel branch with a red five-pointed star, above them are carved the names of the deceased automobile workers. Next to the stele, on a bronze slab, there is an inscription: "Avtozavodtsy to car plants! To our fathers and brothers, mothers and sisters, comrades and friends in memory of military and labor exploits during the Great Patriotic War."

The memorial was built at the expense of the workers of the enterprise. It was opened on May 8, 1969. The authors are the chief architect of the plant G.V. Egorov and artist I.I.Stepanov.

A memorial sign to the automobile plant workers who died on the battlefields has also been erected at the Leninsky Komsomol Automobile Plant (32 Volgogradsky Avenue). It was erected in 1973 in front of the plant management building according to the design of sculptors D.F. Fischer, K.L. Litvak, Y.B. Abdurakhmanov and architects Y.A.

On a low granite platform with a bronze wreath, over which two battle banners are bent, united by a ribbon of a relief metal frieze, an inscription is carved: "Eternal glory to the fallen heroes - car manufacturers".

And on a marble slab, fixed on the wall next to the memorial, it is carved: "In 1941, on the territory of the plant in the building of the former school number 421, the Tagansky fighter battalion and 2 companies of volunteers from AZLK, 1-GPZ and other workers' enterprises were formed, who subsequently fought as part of the 436th regiment of the 155 Stanislavskaya Red Banner (formerly 4th Moscow Communist) rifle division."

Baumans

In 1958, on the territory of the Moscow Order of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Higher Technical School named after N.E.Bauman (2nd Baumanskaya St., 5), a monument was erected to students and teachers of the oldest Moscow university who died on the fronts of the Great World War II. A half-figure of a young soldier in a cape and with a submachine gun on his chest has been cut out of a white-stone block. On the front plane of the block there is an inscription: "Baumans who fell in battles for the Motherland".

The monument was erected at the expense and efforts of students and teachers-Bauman. The author is sculptor V.A.Gorchukov.

In the first months of the war, hundreds of students and teachers of the school went to the active army, people's militia divisions, partisan detachments. The Baumans also took part in the defense of Moscow: they built bomb shelters, dug trenches, ditches, set up firing points in squares, streets and rooftops. Within the walls of the school, workshops were created with a design bureau for the development and introduction of ammunition and weapons into production. Mine bodies were processed here, grenades, parts of aerial bombs and anti-tank rifles were manufactured. For the development and introduction into the production of chill casting of mines, the staff of the school was awarded the State Prize in 1943.

Pupils of special artillery schools

In 1937, the People's Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR announced the opening of special paramilitary schools in Moscow and some other cities. First were created artillery, then aviation, and in Leningrad and Sevastopol and naval.

In Moscow, two special artillery schools were formed: the 1st was located in Shmitovsky Proezd on Krasnaya Presnya, and the 2nd was located in the area of ​​Kropotkinskaya Street, in Chertolsky Lane.

Graduates of these schools covered themselves with unfading glory during the war years. Many of them later became famous military leaders. Five pupils of the 2nd Art School were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, three of whom were posthumously: Timur Frunze, Nikolai Prokhorenko, Mikhail Libman.

The living remember the fallen and honor their immortal glory.

On May 8, 1971, on the eve of the Victory Day, in front of the building of the 101st school in Shmitovsky Proezd, the ceremonial opening of a memorial sign - a 76-mm divisional cannon on a concrete pedestal - took place. The inscription is carved into the marble slab: "The gun was installed in memory of the pupils of the first special artillery school who heroically fought on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."

On October 22, 1982, a memorial sign made in the form of a stele made of gray granite was solemnly unveiled at school number 29 in Chertolsky lane, where the 2nd special artillery school was located. On its right side there is a multi-figured high relief depicting a group of graduates of the art school, on the left there are engraved silhouettes of a waving ribbon, a Komsomol badge and the inscription: "Pupils of Moscow special artillery schools who showed courage and heroism in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."

Pupils of Moscow schools

There is a monument to the heroes-schoolchildren in the dining lane near the Nikitsky Gate in the courtyard of school No. 110. Five youthful figures in spacious overcoats not in height, five defenders of the Motherland with rifles on their shoulders.

This is a monument to Yura Divilkovsky, Igor Kuptsov, Igor Bogushevsky, Grisha Rodin and Gabor Raab - the son of a Hungarian communist, hero of the civil war. Their lives were cut short near Kursk and Rzhev, in Poland and in Germany, but now they gathered again at the walls of their native school to say to their surviving comrades and today's students: "Be worthy of the memory of the fallen." These words are carved on the basis of the monument erected by the former students of this school - sculptor D. Yu. Mitlyansky, architects E. A. Rosenblum and P. I. Skokan.

The history of the creation of the monument is as follows. In 1968, at the All-Union art exhibition "50th Anniversary of the Komsomol" in the Central Exhibition Hall, the sculptural group "Requiem of the 41st" by D. Mitlyansky was exhibited. The sculptor dedicated his work to the memory of his schoolmates, with whom he volunteered at the 41st to the front. It was then that the students proposed to install this sculptural composition in their schoolyard.

On the pedestal of the monument there is a memorial plaque with the names of 100 teachers and students of school No. 110 who died in the battles against fascism.

On Medvedeva Street, 5, in the square of school No. 175, there is a monument-stele made of white stone to pupils of schools in the Sverdlovsk (now Frunzensky) district of the capital who died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.

Heartfelt lines are cut out on it:

Let me not name all the names, There is no blood relatives. Is it because I live because they died? What I owe them - I know. And let not only a verse, My life will be worthy of their Soldier's death.

The monument was erected on a voluntary basis by the sculptor V. B. Shelov and the architect M. N. Bylinkin. The opening took place on October 28, 1968.

A white marble obelisk, edged with black granite, is installed in the courtyard of School No. 350 on 11th Parkovaya Street. On one of its planes are carved the names of teachers and students of this school, who died in the battles for the Motherland, and the words:

You are alive, but we will not get up, You tell us alive!

This memorial, inaugurated on May 9, 1967, was erected on the initiative and at the expense of teachers and schoolchildren.

On September 26, 1964, in front of School No. 408 on Krasnokazarmennaya Street in the Kalininsky District of Moscow, a solemn opening of the memorial to the former pupils of this school who died during the Great Patriotic War took place.

It is a stele resembling an unfolded banner, with a contour image of a soldier going on the attack inscribed on it. He is wearing a helmet with a star, a submachine gun in his hand, a cape-tent fluttering behind his back in the wind. The inscription reads: "Nobody is forgotten and nothing is forgotten. For the pupils of the school."

The monument to 13 former students and teachers of the school, whose names are inscribed in gold on the memorial plaque, was erected by young patriots on their own initiative and at their own expense, received from the delivery of scrap metal.

Now, every year, at the monuments to pupils of Moscow schools, first-graders are attached to their chest a five-pointed Octobrist star with the image of the young Ilyich, third-grade students are accepted into pioneers, and senior students are awarded Komsomol tickets.

Gubkinsky

In front of the building of the Orders of the October Revolution and the Red Banner of Labor of the Institute of Petrochemical and Gas Industry named after I. M. Gubkin (Leninsky Prospect, 65), a memorial has been erected to the employees and students of the institute who died in battles with the Nazi invaders on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. This is an extended granite stele-wall on a cut, on which the faces of a young man and a girl are carved out, whose hands are gripped by a machine gun. Near text: "Your feat is immortal, your memory is eternal."

The memorial, designed by sculptor V.V. Sotnikov and architects E.V. Kozlov and Yu.A. Tikhonov, was opened on September 3, 1971.

Dzerzhintsy

At the walls of the three-time-awarded Military Academy named after F.E.Dzerzhinsky (Kitay pr., 9/5) there is a memorial monument to former students, teachers, workers and employees who gave their lives for the freedom and independence of the Motherland during the last war.

This academy is one of the oldest military educational institutions in the country. Its pupils fought on the fronts of the Civil War and the Great Patriotic War. The pets of the academy defended Moscow, fought for Rostov and Kursk, Kerch and Novorossiysk, Stalingrad and Odessa, liberated the capitals of the socialist countries, stormed the Reichstag.

The party and the government highly appreciated the feats of arms of the graduates of the Dzerzhinsk Academy during the war. 64 of them were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and Marshal of the Soviet Union K.S. Moskalenko and Lieutenant General A.P. Shilin were awarded this high title twice.

On the pedestal is a soldier in an open raincoat-tent. In his lowered left hand, he holds a helmet, and in his right he squeezes the barrel of a rifle.

Next to the three-meter sculpture of a soldier is a 12-meter horizontal stele of polished black granite on a raised granite platform. The words "Nobody is forgotten and nothing is forgotten" and 310 names are engraved on it. Among them are the commander of the first guards rocket launcher "Katyusha" IA Flerov and one of the leaders of the underground Komsomol organization "Young Guard" in Krasnodon Ivan Turkenich, who took his last battle on Polish soil; commander of artillery of the North Caucasian Front, former head of the academy, Lieutenant General A.K. Sivkov; and former commissar of the academy, member of the Military Council of the Southern and then Southwestern Front, Lieutenant General K.A. Gurov.

The memorial was erected by the decision of the Council of Veterans of the Academy on a voluntary basis by the project of the sculptor L. L. Berlin and the architect B. Markus. The opening took place on May 8, 1978.

Railwaymen

On August 23, 1967, in a small park, located among steel tracks, semaphores, traction electric lines, in front of the workshops of the Moscow Order of the October Revolution of the Ilyich locomotive depot (not far from the Belorussky railway station), a monument was opened to volunteer militias who in 1941 left to defend the capital and did not return from the battlefield.

44 railway workers of the depot, who during the days of severe trials became infantry soldiers, artillerymen or tankers (and many of them did not change their professions, continuing to drive trains along the front lines), gained immortality. Their names are carved on a white marble obelisk.

Next to the obelisk there is a sculptural figure of a woman. As if unable to come to terms with the fact that her relatives had gone forever, without return, she - mother and wife - froze in mournful silence. Her little son clung to her. He looks sadly at the soldier's helmet that lies at the foot of the marble obelisk, which is crowned with a golden star. On the obelisk there is the emblem of the railway workers and the inscription: "Eternal glory to the heroes who died in the battles for the freedom and independence of our Motherland. To the workers of the Ilyich depot who died in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945".

The memorial was erected on the initiative and at the expense of railway workers, on the project of which the sculptor S. T. Konenkov worked.

Near the locomotive depot of the Khovri-no station of the Oktyabrskaya railway there is a memorial to the Khovrinsky railway workers. Lined with white and gray marble, this structure was created by the hands of the depot workers at their expense in honor of the comrades who died in the Great Patriotic War.

An image of the Eternal Flame is carved on the obelisk, and above it the letters of white metal sparkle: "They gave their lives for the Motherland", and then - the names of 20 heroes who died in the battles for the freedom and independence of our motherland.

On May 9, 1980, on the territory of the Likhobory locomotive depot (56 Mikhalkovskaya St.), a memorial was opened to 18 railway workers who died during the war. The obelisk, designed by sculptor D. A. Polyakov and architect S. G. Deminsky, bears the inscription: "Glory to the heroes of the Likhobory locomotive depot, who fell in the battles for the freedom and independence of our Motherland in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."

Illichivtsi

On May 8, 1975, on the eve of the 30th anniversary of the Victory of the Soviet people over Nazi Germany, on the territory of the Moscow Electromechanical Plant named after Vladimir Ilyich (1 Party lane), a ceremonial opening of the memorial complex took place and a fire was lit - a symbol of the Eternal Glory of the heroes of Ilyichevsk who died in years of the Great Patriotic War.

More than 800 workers of this renowned enterprise went to the front. More than 400 soldiers did not return to their native workshops, having died a heroic death. Their names are engraved on memorial plaques attached to the end wall of one of the factory buildings. Nearby, on a concrete platform, two monolithic high steles rose, supporting the Victory wreath, entwined with order ribbons. Between the steles there is a granite slab, where the flame of the Eternal Flame burns (architects V. Kubasov, V. Gvozdev, engineer A. Tsikunov).

In 1941, this plant for the first time in the country began to manufacture shells for guards mortars - "Katyusha", which is reminiscent of a marble plaque installed on one of the buildings of the plant.

Compressors

On the building of the Moscow Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Compressor plant (2nd street Entuziastov, 5) there is a marble plaque with the inscription: “Here, in the harsh years of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, the workers of the Kompressor plant forged weapons formidable for the enemy: rocket launchers, the famous Katyushas.

Here, in the cold workshops of the forty-first year, workers did not leave the machines for several shifts, creating launchers for rocket artillery, and making ammunition. The men who went to the front were replaced by women, old people, teenagers. But the formidable military equipment was supplied to the front without interruption.

The BM-13 Katyusha rocket launcher, donated to the Kompressor plant by one of the guards mortar units, stands on a granite pedestal in the yard of this plant. On a marble slab, fixed on a pedestal, the names of the workers of the enterprise who died during the Great Patriotic War are inscribed in gold letters. In front of the monument - the Eternal Flame, lit by the unquenchable flame of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at the Kremlin wall.

Krasnobogatyrs

"1941-1945. Eternal glory to the heroes who died in the battles for our Soviet Motherland." "Krasnobogatyrs who died in battles with the Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War",- a four-meter stele was carved into granite, and then 102 names of workers and employees of the Order of Lenin of the Krasnobogatyr plant (Krasnobogatyrskaya st., 2) were carved in gold letters on a white marble board.

The memorial was built according to the project of the editor of the factory radio broadcasting, retired lieutenant colonel IV Belovolov. The opening took place on October 25, 1967, on the eve of the 50th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution. And since then, twice a day - at 11 and 15 o'clock - a solemn mourning melody sounds at the monument in memory of the workers of the Krasnobogatyrs who died in battles with the enemy.

Krasnoproletarians

A memorial of Eternal Glory was erected in front of the main building of the Orders of Lenin, the October Revolution and the Red Banner of Labor of the Red Proletarian Plant named after A. I. Efremov on Malaya Kaluzhskaya Street. It is a seven-meter rectangular pylon of white marble, on which is carved: "To the heroes who fell in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945", and more than 500 names. Near the pylon, on a low pedestal made of black granite, stands a bronze figure of a worker who raised a palm branch of the world over his head (sculptor A. M. Nenasheva, architect N. V. Donskikh).

1850 Krasnoproletarians fought on the fronts of the war. More than 800 of them went to battle with the enemy in the very first year of the war, about 300 joined the ranks of the people's militia.

Already at the end of June 1941, the plant set up production of weapons for the front. In his workshops, tanks were repaired, grenades and shells were made. For the first time in the history of machine-tool building, the Krasnoproletarians set up line production, having mastered more than 50 types of new machine tools during the war years.

32 times the plant won the challenge red banner of the State Defense Committee, which after the end of the war was left to the enterprise for eternal storage.

For the uninterrupted supply of the front with weapons and military equipment, more than 120 Krasnoproletarians were awarded high government awards.

The opening of the memorial took place on May 8, 1965, during the celebration of the 20th anniversary of the Victory over Nazi Germany.

For physicians

On the territory of the 1st Moscow Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Medical Institute named after I.M.Sechenov (B. Pirogovskaya St., 26), a memorial has been erected in honor of the doctors, whose feat as an unfading page of glory entered the chronicle of the Great Patriotic War.

From here, in the unforgettable 41st under the canopy of the banners of the 5th division of the people's militia, which later became the 113th rifle division, the military roads of many professors, teachers, staff and students of the country's oldest medical institute began.

The symbolic sign in the form of a medical Red Cross, created by sculptor L. Ye. Kerbel and architect B. I. Tkhor, is made of two four-meter blocks of red polished granite. In the center of the composition is a bas-relief image of a wounded soldier and a nurse.

The words are carved on the memorial: "To physicians - heroes of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."

They were called soldiers of life. Company medical instructors and soldiers of medical battalions, workers of field hospitals and health resorts in the deep rear - they carried the wounded out of the flames of battle, rescued, healed, nursed the defenders of the Motherland, many of whom then returned to duty. Showing massive heroism, sometimes risking their lives, doctors, paramedics, nurses and orderlies provided the necessary medical care to over 10 million wounded.

The country highly appreciated the labor and military deeds of these people. More than 116 thousand military doctors and 30 thousand Soviet health workers were awarded orders and medals during the war. 19 company medical instructors and orderlies were awarded the Order of Glory of three degrees. 44 doctors became Heroes of the Soviet Union.

The monument to medical soldiers, created with funds from students and employees of the 1st Medical Institute, was opened on May 5, 1972.

There is a monument to soldiers-doctors and on the territory of the 2nd Order of Lenin Medical Institute named after N.I. Pirogov (Malaya Pirogovskaya St., 1). During the war, about 200 students and employees went from the walls of this educational institution to the front, to the active army, 101 people joined the people's militia. This monument is erected to those who died in the battles.

It is a massive horizontal block, faced with polished gray granite, resting on a low, undercut-like base of black granite. The front side of the block is made up of four different-sized triangular planes going into perspective, into the depth of the block, into a small black square.

On the granite of this memorial monument, designed by the architect L.I. Shtutman, it is inscribed: "To them who have accomplished a great feat, eternal memory." "To our fallen comrades 1941-1945 from the staff of the Second Medical Institute."

On October 2, 1973, another memorial to medical soldiers was erected near the main building of the Moscow Medical Dental Institute on Kalyaevskaya Street, executed by the sculptor A. N. Kostromitin and the architect N. D. Kostromitina.

On the pedestal there are figures carved in granite: a nurse bent over a lying wounded soldier. On the board, fixed on the building of the institute, is carved: "Eternal memory to doctors and employees of the Moscow Medical Dental Institute, who died in battles during the Great Patriotic War for the freedom and independence of our Motherland."

Mendeleev

In the first days of the Great Patriotic War, dozens of students and employees of the chemical-technological orders of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Institute named after D.I.Mendeleev (Miusskaya Square, 9) went to the front. Many of them died in the battles for their homeland. Nowadays, their names are carved on a light gray granite slab, next to which, on a pedestal, there are bronze figures of two young soldiers leaving for the front. One of them raised his hand, as if saying goodbye to his remaining friends (authors A. A. Volkov and A. A. Ershov).

The inscription is carved on the pedestal: "Eternal glory to the Mendeleev soldiers who fell in the battles for the Soviet Motherland."

On the eve of the 20th anniversary of the Victory, the large-circulation newspaper "Mendeleevts" published an open letter from war veterans who proposed to create a monument to the Mendeleev soldiers who gave their lives in the fight against fascism. The letter met with a wide response. During the year, students and teachers of the institute worked on construction sites, went out with concerts, gave lectures. The proceeds went to the fund for the construction of the monument.

For metallurgists

On the territory of the experimental plant of the All-Union Research and Design Institute of Metallurgical Engineering (Ryazansky Prospect, 8a), a six-meter pylon rises, on the front side of which the Order of the Patriotic War is depicted and the inscription is carved: "Eternal memory to those who died in the Great Patriotic War". Here, nearby, the names of 22 workers of the enterprise, who went to the front in 1941 and died a heroic death, are cut down.

Next to the pylon, crowned with a ceramic image of the Eternal Flame, the images of the Soviet soldier and the Motherland are depicted on the stele.

The Glory Memorial was built at the expense of the workers of the plant and employees of the institute. The author is the architect V.V. Kolesnikov. The opening took place on May 7, 1969.

Metallurgical plant "Hammer and Sickle" (Zolotorozhsky Val, 11). A Glory Memorial has been erected on its territory. Three soldiers, cast in concrete, with submachine guns on their chest, shoulder to shoulder, stood forever in the honor guard of the memorial to 300 fallen comrades who changed their work overalls for army tunics in the harsh 1941 year.

The memorial to the soldiers-metallurgists, designed by students of the Art Institute named after V.I.Surikov N.P. Konischev and A.T. Galaev, was built on the initiative and at the expense of the workers of the plant. The opening took place in June 1966.

North Sea sailors

This monolith stone weighing about 30 tons was delivered to Moscow land hundreds of kilometers away - from the shores of the Barents Sea, where fierce battles took place during the last war. It was installed in the courtyard of school No. 203 (Dmitrovskoe highway, 30), over which veterans of the Northern Fleet have been patronizing for several years.

The monument to the seamen of the North Sea - marines, submariners, scouts, pilots was created on the initiative of schoolchildren, teachers and soldiers of the North Sea as a symbol of memory of the heroes who gave their lives for the freedom and independence of our Motherland, as a reminder to the young generation of the valor and heroism of their fathers and elders brothers.

The verses of an unknown sailor poet are carved on the granite monolith:

Simple polar granite. He was washed in wave and blood. May you keep in your memory the Immortal glory of heroes.

The sculptor L. Ye. Kerbel, who was in the Northern Fleet during the Great Patriotic War, worked on the design of the monument. The opening took place on November 4, 1972.

A museum of military glory has been created at the school, where students have collected interesting exhibits telling about sailors from the North Sea.

Moscow-Minsk division

Not far from the metro station "Filevsky Park" on the square of the Moscow-Minsk division, a memorial sign was erected in honor of the famous formation of the Soviet Army.

On a stele made of pink granite under bronze images of five orders is carved: "Named in 1976 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the formation of the Guards Proletarian Moscow-Minsk Division and its military exploits in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."

The entire glorious history of the 1st Guards Proletarian Moscow-Minsk Order of Lenin, twice the Red Banner, the orders of Suvorov and Kutuzov of the motorized rifle division is associated with Moscow. Here she was formed, prepared for the coming tests. Its main backbone was made up of representatives of Moscow plants and factories. In the pre-war years, she constantly participated in parades on Red Square. Among its ranks were the future famous military leaders - Marshals of the Soviet Union S.S.Biryuzov and I.S.Konev, chief marshals of artillery N.N. Voronov and M.I. Nedelin, army generals twice Heroes of the Soviet Union P.I.Batov and D. D. Lelyushenko.

During the Great Patriotic War, the Proletarian Division increased its glory. In 1941, she blocked the path of the Nazi invaders to Moscow near Naro-Fominsk. Its soldiers mercilessly crushed the fascists on the Berezina, near Smolensk and on the Kursk Bulge, liberated Belarus, stormed Konigsberg and Pillau (now Baltiysk).

In September, the forty-first division became the guards, and in August the forty-fourth it was given the honorary name "Minsk".

For the heroism and courage shown in the battles against the Nazi invaders, more than 3 thousand proletarian guards were awarded military orders and medals, and 15 of the most courageous soldiers were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

The memorial sign in honor of the assignment of the square named after the Moscow-Minsk division was created by the workers of Mosmetrostroy according to the project of the architect O. K. Gurulev, the artist-architect S. I. Smirnov and the sculptor I. P. Kazansky. Opened December 20, 1977.

Mosfilm

On the territory of the Order of Lenin and the Order of the October Revolution of the Mosfilm film studio (1 Mosfilmovskaya St.), in memory of those who defended the conquests of their fathers and brothers from the encroachments of the fascist invaders, a kind of memorial was erected - a torn-shaped concrete block, completely covered with high-relief images of episodes of the Patriotic war. Next to the memorial there is a marble pylon on which the names of directors, actors, cameramen and other film studio workers who valiantly fought in the ranks of the Red Army, people's militia divisions, partisan formations and who gave their lives for the victory over the enemy are carved on it.

Plekhanovites

In the courtyard of the Moscow Institute of National Economy named after G.V. Plekhanov (Stremyanny lane, 28) there is a memorial of Eternal Glory to the fallen heroes.

A two-meter-high truncated obelisk of black polished granite has an inscription carved: "Eternal glory to the students, graduate students, teachers and employees of the Plekhanov Moscow Institute of National Economy, who died in the battles for the freedom and independence of our socialist Motherland on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."

From the very first days of the war, more than 200 Plekhanov volunteers joined the 17th division of the people's volunteer corps of the Moskvoretsky district of the capital, which was formed in July 1941 within the walls of their native university, where the headquarters of this division was located.

Together with the workers and employees of the Vladimir Ilyich plant, the leather plant, the Goznak factory and other enterprises of the region, the Plekhanov militiamen have traveled a glorious military path from the Nara River to the Baltic Sea during the war. As part of the division, which later received the honorary name "Bobruiskaya" and was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, they liberated the cities of Smolensk, Oryol and Belarus, participated in the defeat of Nazi troops in East Prussia.

The obelisk, built at the expense and on the initiative of the staff and students of the institute, was inaugurated on November 5, 1965.

Bearings

A memorial of Eternal Glory to workers and employees of the 1st State Orders of Lenin and the October Revolution of the Bearing Plant, who died on the battlefields during the Great Patriotic War, was erected in the park on Sharikopodshipnikovskaya Street.

This memorial, built at the expense of the workers of the plant, is a female sculptural figure, symbolizing the Motherland, clutching a battle banner pierced by bullets to her chest. And on the vertically standing slabs of red polished granite are carved the names of more than 600 heroes who gave their lives for the happiness of the people.

On the eve of the 30th anniversary of the Victory, a group of workers - veterans of the Great Patriotic War - turned to the team with a proposal to install a monument of Eternal Glory to the heroes who died during the war on the territory of the plant. In their appeal, they wrote that the plant's staff put a lot of work into the victory over Nazi Germany, having established uninterrupted production of mine detonators from the first days of the war, organizing the production of the necessary parts for the Katyusha guards mortars, as well as other military products, which are over 6 thousand podshipnikovs with weapons in their hands defended the honor, freedom and independence of our Motherland. Many of them died a heroic death on the battlefields, among them the Heroes of the Soviet Union P.I. Romanov and I.F. Golubin.

The entire plant supported the appeal of the veterans. The workshops discussed the project of the monument, created by the sculptor A. N. Novikov and the architect Yu. A. Tsvetkov.

Swarzovites

The workers of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Sokolnichesky Car Repair and Construction Plant (SVARZ, Matrosskaya Tishina St., 15/17) sacredly honor the memory of those who, during the war years, left their native enterprise for the front and into the people's militia to defend the independence of the Motherland, and died brave.

On May 5, 1970, on the eve of the 25th anniversary of the Victory, the funds raised by the collective were used to erect a memorial monument and lit the Eternal Flame, delivered here from the tomb of the Unknown Soldier near the Kremlin wall. The authors are the sculptor I. K. Machkevsky and the architect J. N. Kupriyanov.

In front of the high pylon, on a granite pedestal, there are two sculptural figures of soldiers. One of them, dying, passes the battle banner to his comrade walking in front. There is an inscription on the pylon under the five-pointed star: "Eternal glory to the soldiers of Svarzovites who fell in battles for the honor, freedom and independence of our Motherland. 1941-1945."

At the memorial, solemn rallies are held, the young pioneers of the sponsored school 367 make an oath, the soldiers of the sponsored unit take the oath, conscripts from Svarza who go to serve in the Soviet Army receive parting words. And every time they are seen off here by war veterans, those who were lucky enough to return to their native plant with a victory in the unforgettable 1945.

Machine-tool builders

129 workers from the Moscow Orders of Lenin, the October Revolution and the Red Banner of Labor of the Sergo Ordzhonikidze Machine-Tool Plant (Ordzhonikidze St., 11) did not return from the war. 129 names are forever inscribed on a snow-white four-meter stone slab. In front of her is the cast-iron figure of a young warrior, throwing a grenade in his dying effort.

Above the plaque, inserted into a rectangular pylon of dark polished granite, the inscription is engraved: "Eternal glory to the workers of the machine-tool plant named after Sergo Ordzhonikidze, who fell in battles for their Motherland in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."

The monument to the workers of the Moscow Grinding Machine Plant who died in the Great Patriotic War was installed and opened on the territory of the enterprise on May 9, 1967 (Sushchevsky Val, 5). On the granite obelisk there is a relief image of the Order of the Patriotic War and the names of 137 former employees of this plant are carved, including the name of the Hero of the Soviet Union Ts.L. Kunikov, under whose command the legendary landing operation on Malaya Zemlya near Novorossiysk (his one of the squares of Moscow is named after).

The monument to the fallen machine-tool plant workers was made at the initiative of the Council of War Veterans with funds earned by the workers at * inopportune hours. The author is the artist of the plant V.G. Egorov.

Stankolites

The monument to the Stankolites - heroes of the Great Patriotic War stands near the main entrance of the Moscow Orders of Lenin and the Red Banner of Labor of the Stankolit iron foundry (Skladochnaya Street, 1). Two granite steles, vertical and horizontal, symbolize the feat of brave heroes who died in the name of life. "And the saved world remembers, the eternal world, the living world ...". 300 names of factory workers are carved on the memorial horizontal stele of the monument. The vertical depicts a sculptural group cast from cast iron: a woman with a child in her arms.

Students and teachers of Moscow State University

The war entered their lives during the examination session, in the beginning of autumn they became soldiers.

On the night of June 23, 1941, an emergency Komsomol meeting was held in the Communist Auditorium of the Lomonosov Moscow State University on Mokhovaya Street. It adopted a resolution, which, in particular, stated that the Komsomol organization of the university declares itself fully mobilized to carry out any task of the Communist Party and government.

Over a thousand students, graduate students and teachers went to the front from the first days of the war. 1,065 people joined the people's militia. Over 3 "thousand worked on the construction of defensive lines ... For participation in hostilities on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, over 2 thousand students and university staff were awarded military orders and medals, and eight of them were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union ...

The memory of the fallen is eternally alive in the hearts of grateful generations. They are reminded of the memorial with the Eternal Flame, erected on the Lenin Hills near the building of the humanities faculties of Moscow State University.

In the center of a large area lined with granite slabs, there are three 16-meter bayonets lined with light gray stone, symbolizing the continuity of three generations: grandfathers, fathers and children who survived and won the last war. Three bronze bas-reliefs are united by bayonets directed upwards. The author of the memorial is a graduate student of the Architectural Institute, Alexander Studenikin, who created it under the guidance of architects A. V. Stepanov and M. M. Volkov, with the participation of the sculptor Yu. S. Dines.

On the eve of the 30th anniversary of the Victory, on May 6, 1975, an eternal flame flashed in the center of the memorial, illuminating the inscription carved in granite: "Students and staff of Moscow State University who died in the Great Patriotic War. 1941-1945".

Timiryazevites

In the park of the Moscow Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Agricultural Academy named after K.A.Timiryazev, there is a memorial complex in memory of the students of the Academy, its teachers and employees who died during the Great Patriotic War. "To their sons and daughters who gave their lives for the Motherland. Grateful Timiryazevka."

These words are engraved on the dedication stone, and on the eight-meter pylon there are 102 names of the Timiryazev heroes who died defending their homeland from the Nazi invaders.

The third element of this complex is a white-stone wall with a multi-figured high relief dedicated to the episodes: the departure of the Timiryazevites to the front, the battle with the enemy, scientific work and the triumph of Victory.

Electrozavodtsam

Memorial "To the heroes of the electric plant from the staff of the plant 1941-1945" built on November 5, 1968. 114 surnames of workers and employees of the V.V.Kuibyshev Moscow Electric Plant (21 Elektrozavodskaya St.) are carved on marble boards, mounted on a high brick stele. A concrete sculptural group is installed in front of it on the right side - a girl escorts a soldier-warrior to the front.

During the war, the workers of the enterprise, in addition to their main products - power and measuring transformers - manufactured separate units for the guards mortars - "Katyushas", as well as shells for them, anti-tank hedgehogs and repaired T-34 tanks. 320 people went to the people's militia. Electrozavodtsa A. G. Zhuravlev was awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union in 1943.

During the war, more than 600 workers, engineers and employees of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the MI Kalinin Cutting Tools Plant "Fraser" (1st Frezernaya St., 2/1) went to the front, including about 150 - to the people's militia. 300 of them never returned. In memory of them, a memorial was opened on the territory of the plant in 1970 (architect G. D. Chechua).

More than 200 workers and engineering and technical workers of the Moscow non-ferrous metal processing plant went during the war years to fight the German fascist invaders. 50 of them did not return, having fallen on the battlefield the death of the brave.

During the celebration of the 26th anniversary of the Victory of the Soviet people over Nazi Germany, in May 1971, a memorial to the former workers of the enterprise who died for the freedom and independence of our Motherland (sculptor V.E.Korolev) was opened on the territory of the plant in a solemn atmosphere.

The memorial to those who did not return from the battlefields, on the territory of the pipe plant (Barklaya St., 6), is a sculpture of a warrior with a machine gun in his hand. His face is turned to the gates of the enterprise - the very entrance through which more than 700 workers went to the front during the Great Patriotic War. The authors of the memorial with the Eternal Flame, erected on May 6, 1975, are sculptor B. Golovin and architect Y. Rodin.

Everyone who comes to the Kuskovsky chemical plant (Zavodskoy pr., 2) is greeted by a majestic memorial erected in honor of more than a hundred Kuskovo warriors who died a heroic death. Opened November 5, 1968.

There are three flat granite pylons carved on them with the dates of the Great Patriotic War and the names of all the victims (architects Yu. N. Konovalov and Yu. A. Kubatsky) on a round, stepped platform.

On the territory of the Moscow Electrotechnical Institute of Communications (Aviamotornaya st., 8a), a memorial was erected, the basis of which is a multi-figured high relief cast in cast iron on the theme of the tragedy and grief of the people. It is inserted into a niche of a horizontal volume, lined with polished Labrador.

"Immortal heroes who fell in battles for the Motherland",- carved into the polished granite of the memorial of Glory to the Signal Warriors (sculptor Yu. L. Rychkov, architect I. M. Studenikin).

At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, about 900 workers of the plant of automobile and tractor electrical equipment (Electrozavodskaya St., 2) went to the front, including about 450 - in the 2nd division of the people's militia. 315 of them died. Their names are on the memorial erected in front of the plant in 1975 by the project of sculptor V.N. Levin and architect S.P. Buritsky.

In the days of the celebration of the 30th anniversary of the Victory over Nazi Germany in the southeastern outskirts of Moscow, in the center of the Kapotnya microdistrict, a memorial was opened to the fallen workers and employees of the oil refinery. It is a kneeling figure of a soldier (sculptor V. V. Glebov and architect A. F. Anufriev).

On the territory of school number 562 (Perekopskaya st., 21), a monument was erected in honor of the inhabitants of the former village of Zyuzin, who died during the war, which was included in the city limits. This commemorative sign was built with funds raised by schoolchildren-pathfinders.

A small square stele on a fluted undercut, with a raised five-pointed star, is made of sheet steel according to the project of the architect T.I. Muravyova. "Eternal glory to the soldiers who fell in battles for the Motherland." This inscription is made of overlaid metal letters. School students participated in the creation of a commemorative sign, as well as in the improvement around it.

More than 70 workers of the Losinoostrovsky Electrotechnical Plant named after F.E.Dzerzhinsky (1, Pilot Babushkina St.) went to the front, about half of them did not return. In 1975, a memorial was erected on the territory of the plant to those who fell for their Motherland (authors T. B. Topoyan and E. M. Terzibashyan).

Near the entrance to the Bolshevik confectionery factory (15 Leningradsky Prospect), an obelisk rises to the former workers of the enterprise who fell on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. The monument is strict and simple. A platform fenced with a stone border, a low pedestal of reddish granite and a black marble slab on which the names of the victims are carved in gold.

The monument to the teachers, staff and students of the Moscow Architectural Institute, who died during the war (Zhdanova street, 11), was erected in 1979 in the courtyard of the institute by the project of E.M. Markovskaya, a former student. It is a horizontal stele made of pink forged granite. The volutes carved into the granite are cut with an inclined through-cut, symbolizing the tragic breakdown caused by the war. The figures "1941" and "1945" are carved on the front planes of the monument.

On the territory of the Orders of the October Revolution and the Red Banner of Labor of the 2nd Watch Factory (Leningradsky Prospect, 8), on May 8, 1975, a memorial complex was opened in memory of those who died in the battles of the Great Patriotic War (sculptor V.A. Ermolaev).

Hundreds of workers and employees of the plant went to the front as part of a division of the people's militia of the Leningrad region of the capital and passed the battle path from the walls of Moscow to Konigsberg. 86 surnames of the victims are inscribed on three marble boards, fixed on a semicircle of a stone stele, in front of which the figure of a mother and her son froze in mournful silence.

Over a thousand workers of the Moscow Order of Lenin Food Factory (1st Perevedenovskiy per., 35) during the war went into the army, the people's militia. Many of them died a heroic death.

The memorial monument is a marble stele with the inscription: "Eternal memory to those who fell in the battles for the freedom and independence of our Motherland. 1941-1945", at the base of which a heavy machine gun is installed and a soldier's helmet lies. On the retaining wall there is an image of lowered battle banners, and next to it, on a pedestal, anti-tank hedgehogs froze.

Built on the initiative of the former front-line soldiers by the workers of the enterprise according to the project of the artist of the plant B. T. Grebenyuk. The opening took place on May 7, 1975, on the eve of the 30th anniversary of the Victory over Nazi Germany.

The memorial in honor of the workers of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Dorogomilovskiy Chemical Plant named after M.V. Frunze, who died in the battles of the Great Patriotic War, was opened on May 6, 1967, on the eve of the celebration of the 32nd anniversary of the Victory Day. Built according to the project of sculptor A.E. Abalakov and architect L.P. Zemskov (Berezhkovskaya emb., 20).

During the war, 1,150 workers at the Burevestnik shoe factory (18 3rd Rybinskaya Street) went to the front, 400 of them died. At the foot of the memorial to the fallen, made of white marble and sheet aluminum, a marble plaque is fortified with the words: "The monument was built at the expense of the factory workers" - and the date of its opening is: "May 6, 1972". There is also a small multi-jet fountain made of rifle cases, the number of which corresponds to the next anniversary of the Victory.

The sculptural group depicts a mother escorting her soldier son to the front. In front of them are three marble steles, erected in the form of lowered banners, and on each of them in brass there are inscriptions: "Glory", "Fallen", "Comrades", "1941", "1945".

In 1974, at the Moscow Order of Lenin Plant of Electrovacuum Devices, a monument was erected to 463 workers and employees of this enterprise who did not return from the front (Electrozavodskaya Street, 23). The authors are sculptor A. G. Postol, architect Y. G. Krivushchenko. A multi-figured bas-relief is carved on a rectangular pylon of pink hewn granite - a soldier with a submachine gun in his hand, raising his comrades into battle, the profile outlines of fighters going to the attack, and a wounded warrior with a grenade in his hand. The monument says: "Eternal glory to the workers of the plant who fell in the battles for the freedom and independence of our Motherland."

On May 9, 1980, on the 35th anniversary of Victory, on the territory of the Order of the Badge of Honor of the Tushino hosiery factory (Vasily Petushkova st., 1), a memorial was solemnly opened in memory of the workers and employees who fell on the battlefields during the Great Patriotic War ...

Next to the tetrahedral obelisk, faced with slabs of red granite and crossed at the top with a mourning strip, is a stele resting on two massive foundations. White marble boards with the names of more than 200 fallen heroes have been reinforced in the niche. The relief composition in the form of a bowed female figure embodies the grief of the Motherland.

On the territory of the Moscow Abrasive Plant (Chernitsynsky Prospect, 3), a memorial complex was erected to the soldiers of this capital enterprise who fell on the battlefields during the Great Patriotic War.

The memorial is a white marble stele with a chased multi-figured bas-relief, which depicts: a mother bending over her dead son, a wife frozen in inconsolable grief, warriors who vow at the battle banner to take revenge and defeat the enemy. And next to the stele on a granite pedestal is a bronze figure of a girl with a flower in her hand. The following lines, cast in metal, are fixed on the stele:

Remember through the centuries, through the years, remember those who will never come, never remember

The opening of the memorial complex, built at the expense and on the initiative of the staff of the plant and students of the sponsored school No. 767, took place on December 5, 1981, when the whole country solemnly celebrated the 40th anniversary of the beginning of the defeat of Nazi troops near Moscow.

On the territory of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Institute of Land Management Engineers (Kazakova st., 15), a memorial to those who fell for the Motherland was erected. A red marble cube is installed on the pedestal. One of its faces, lined with gray marble, seems to have been torn from a single whole. Opened August 31, 1982.

The years "1941-1945" and the inscription are engraved on the edges: "Eternal memory to the staff and students of the institute who died during the Great Patriotic War."

The memorial, designed by fifth-year students of the Faculty of Architecture Alexander Efremov and Grigory Marin, was created on the initiative of the Komsomol members of the institute by a student construction team.

Monuments-memorials to the perished workers and employees, students and teachers are also installed on the territory of: the city clinical hospital named after S.P. Botkin, factories "Krasnaya Presnya", "Kauchuk" and "Memory of the 1905 Revolution", locomotive repair and Lublin foundry and mechanical, SMC No. 9 Metrostroy and Aviation Institute named after Sergo Ordzhonikidze, Moskhladokombinatov No. 1 and 2 and many other Moscow enterprises, institutions and educational institutions.

Monuments and monuments to the armed defenders of the Fatherland are important symbols of military glory.

The practice of erecting monuments in order to perpetuate the memory of important events originated in ancient times. The most common type was sculptural figures or groups. In the Russian Empire, most of the monuments were statues in honor of heroes, commanders, emperors, as well as cathedrals, churches and chapels.

In the first years of Soviet power, the monuments to its leaders and national heroes reflected the revolutionary enthusiasm of the masses.

There are almost no monuments dedicated to the Civil War, the heroism of the Red Army soldiers and built immediately in hot pursuit. Therefore, many were built mainly after the Great Patriotic War.

Monuments in honor of the heroes and heroic events of the Great Patriotic War began to be created in wartime, but they began to be erected especially actively on anniversary dates.

Monuments to the heroes of the Great Patriotic War are found in all corners of our country, and not only where the battles took place. Throughout Russia, in cities and small villages, there are obelisks to the soldiers who gave their lives for their Motherland.

Many monuments to Soviet soldiers have been erected on the territory of states that were liberated by the Soviet army from the Nazis.

Huge memorial complexes with the Eternal Flame dedicated to the heroism of Soviet servicemen were opened in the hero cities.

The attention to the heroic events (past and present) of our army and navy continues unabated. In honor of the servicemen who died in peacetime while protecting the interests of Russia, monuments and memorial signs are erected in cities and villages.

The symbolic significance of monuments and monuments lies in the numerous traditions and rituals that form a sense of patriotism, a willingness to honestly fulfill military duty.

Conclusion

The Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia have a glorious military past, which the country deservedly appreciated. Military uniforms, symbols and rituals of internal troops are of no small importance in shaping the fighting qualities of servicemen and instilling in them a sense of patriotism. Neglecting the historical past, ignoring the importance of military uniform, disrespecting insignia and rituals leads not only to violations of military discipline, but also to a decrease in the moral and psychological stability of servicemen, a weakening of the military spirit and, as a result, affects the combat readiness of troops.

Literature

1. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 2, 1994 No. 442 "On State Awards of the Russian Federation".

2. Military encyclopedic dictionary. - M., 2006

Chelyabinsk, an industrial city with a population of over one million in the South Urals, has experienced many historical events since the first days of its foundation in 1736, and its streets have witnessed a multiple change of eras. Nowadays, numerous monuments and monuments, installed in squares and parks, remind of this.

The most fabulous

As soon as they get off the train and find themselves at the railway station, guests of the city can already see some of the monuments of Chelyabinsk. Most likely, a majestic bearded figure will immediately catch your eye, resembling both an epic hero and a fabulous Santa Claus. This is the monument "The Tale of the Urals", created based on the work of P. P. Bazhov and installed on the station square in the late 1960s. Currently, the 12-meter-high monument is one of the symbols of the city. A funny resemblance to Santa Claus was noticed by the Chelyabinsk social activists, as a result of which a tradition arose to dress the statue for a holiday in a giant New Year's caftan, which even got into the Russian book of records.

Difficult era

There are many monuments on the map of Chelyabinsk dedicated to the 1917 revolution and the civil war that followed. They exist here along with streets and squares named after these events. One of them is located near the Railway Station Square and perpetuates the memory of the soldiers of the Czechoslovak Corps who fought on the side of the Entente in World War I and were subsequently caught by the 1917 revolution. Another, dating back to the same historical era, is installed at the Mitrofanovskoye cemetery. He marks the burial place of the remains of the Red Army. Earlier, at the beginning of the 20th century, the mass grave was located on Revolution Square, then it was moved to its present place. Due to its remoteness, the monument is little known to the townspeople.

Captured Hero

Famous is the monument to Orlyonok in Chelyabinsk, created by the efforts of the sculptor L.N. Golovnitsky and the architect E.V. Aleksandrov. The monument was erected in honor of the 40th anniversary of the Komsomol organization in 1958. It is dedicated to young revolutionaries and represents the figure of a teenager with his hands tied behind his back, dressed in an excessively large overcoat, a hat and heavy boots. The adult military clothing of that time creates an expressive contrast with the half-childish appearance of the young man, conveying the romantic image of a brave and implacable fighter.

Contrary to popular belief, the monument was not at all "the result of inspiration" by its authors the famous song "Eaglet" written by Ya. Shvedov and V. Bely. Erected after the end of the Great Patriotic War, the monument immortalized the memory of all young heroes. In his honor, the Chelyabinsk Region Creative Prize was named, which was awarded in 1967-1990 for achievements in the field of art, literature, journalism, architecture, teaching, science and technology. Monument "Eaglet" is widely known beyond its borders. Over the years, various social events have been held near it, as well as informal youth gathered. Today it is included in the register "Cultural Heritage of the Russian Federation" and is rightfully considered a remarkable monumental work of the Soviet era.

There are in every city

Another echo of a relatively recent historical past is a monument to Lenin in Chelyabinsk, created in 1959 by sculptors L. Golovnitsky and V. Zaikov. Installed on an unusual granite pedestal in the form of tribunes (designed by the architect E.V. Aleksandrov), the 17.5-meter high bronze monument rises above the Revolution Square in the city center.

This monument is one of the most recognizable places in Chelyabinsk. Parades and rallies are held near it, personal meetings are scheduled. In autumn, on the square in front of the monument, an official holiday is held in honor of the city's birthday, and in winter there is a children's theater. Nearby is the Chelyabinsk drama theater, as well as the Kirovka pedestrian street, famous for its sculptures.

Hard and heroic years

Many monuments of Chelyabinsk are dedicated to the events of 1941-1945. In addition to the traditional eternal flame on the Walk of Fame in the city center, there are a variety of monumental compositions in other areas. For example, the monument to the Defenders of the Fatherland, which includes a metal-faced pedestal with a bas-relief depicting a soldier's head, as well as free-standing rectangular columns on which the names of Chelyabinsk residents who died for their homeland are inscribed.

Separate monuments to fallen tankers and pilots have been erected in other parts of the city. Special attention should be paid to the touching monument "Sister", dedicated to the feat of women in the war: nurses, signalmen, soldiers and scouts. The work of the sculptor A. L. Tishin, depicting a seated young woman in military uniform, was installed in honor of the 60th anniversary of Victory in a small park on the eponymous avenue. The special value of the monument is that it is one of the few of its kind in Russia.

Another piercingly emotional monument is also dedicated to women, but not who fought, but who were waiting for soldiers from the war. The Monument "Memory" ("Grieving Mothers") is located at the Forest Cemetery. It was installed in honor of the 30th anniversary of the end of the Great Patriotic War and represents two female figures holding the helmet of a deceased soldier in their hands. The sculptors L. N. Golovnitsky and E. E. Golovnitskaya, architects Yu. P. Danilov and I. V. Talalay worked on the work.

Many monuments of the war years are dedicated to military equipment that participated directly in battles or in These structures are located in several places in the urban area, which during the war was called Tankograd and was one of the strongholds of rear production. Now, the monuments of Chelyabinsk dedicated to the IS-3 tank (on Komsomolskaya Square) and the legendary Katyusha artillery installation (in the park near the Kolyushenko Palace of Culture) remind of that difficult time.

Internationalist soldiers

Among the Chelyabinsk military structures, there was a place for monuments in honor of soldiers who died in battles on a foreign land. These include the monument to the Soldiers of the Undeclared War, opened in 2009 in a park on the Metallurgov Highway and dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the withdrawal of troops from Afghanistan. Another monument called "The Valiant Sons of the Fatherland" is dedicated to all soldiers-internationalists and is located in the center of the city not far from the Eternal Flame. The composition, created by sculptor V.F.Mitroshin and architect N.N.Semeikin, is very interesting: an eagle soaring over a rocky gorge is a symbol of military valor and honor. The monument was erected in 2004.

Monuments in honor of outstanding figures of art and science occupy a special place in the architecture of the city. Among them, one can distinguish the monument to Kurchatov located at the intersection of the central Lenin Avenue and Lesoparkova Street. Chelyabinsk celebrated its 250th anniversary in 1986. On this occasion, the city authorities decided to erect a monument to the outstanding nuclear physicist, whose homeland was the town of Sim in the Chelyabinsk region.

The architectural and sculptural composition, the authors of which were the artist V. A. Avakyan, as well as architects B. V. Petrov, V. L. Glazyrin and I. V. Talalay, is distinguished by the originality of the idea and the complexity of execution. The statue of the scientist standing on a pedestal reaches a height of 11 meters. On both sides it is surrounded by two pylons, each 27 meters high, on which hemispheres are attached, symbolizing a split atom. And in the evenings, beautiful modern lighting sets off the original monument to Kurchatov against the background of the dark sky. Chelyabinsk is justly proud of this building, the place around which has always been a favorite for meeting students, couples in love, as well as athletes. Sports grounds and an indoor track and field complex are located a few steps from the monument. Unfortunately, nowadays it is almost impossible to get close to the monument: since 2014, long-term construction has been launched around it. Residents and guests of the city have to admire its beauty from afar.

The most famous poet

Chelyabinsk honors not only outstanding scientists. There is also a monument to Pushkin (of the most classical look) in the Ural city. It is located in the city garden named after the great poet. In addition to the monument, there is also a playground with colorful wooden sculptures based on the famous fairy tales of the Russian classic. A street, a city garden, a central library and a cinema are named in his honor in Chelyabinsk.

Conclusion

No less interesting than statues and monuments are various monuments, the oldest of which date back to the first half of the 19th century. The most famous examples are the merchant MF Valeev's trading house, the Yaushev brothers' store, a water tower and an elevator. All historical and architectural monuments of Chelyabinsk are associated with different time periods, which makes them valuable from the local history and tourist points of view.

The city of Chelyabinsk has a rich history, the years of the Great Patriotic War became a special page of it. As a rear city, Chelyabinsk played an important role in the victory over fascism. After all, it was here, in just 33 days, that the mass production of T-34 tanks was mastered and established, and their assembly was put on the conveyor. It is no coincidence that during the war the city was called Tankograd. Today, memorials and monuments on its streets and squares testify to the exploits of Chelyabinsk residents.

Monument to volunteer tankers

The main memorial dedicated to the Great Patriotic War is installed in Chelyabinsk on Myasnaya Square. It was here, on May 9, 1943, that the volunteers sent to the front - the soldiers of the 63rd Chelyabinsk Volunteer Tank Brigade of the Volunteer Ural Tank Corps - took the oath to their fellow countrymen. This memorial, made by the sculptor L. Golovnitsky in collaboration with the architect E. Alexandrov, is a kind of symbol of the unity of the rear and the front.

And next to the bronze five-meter figure of a volunteer tanker, calling with a wave of his hand into battle, the "Eternal Flame" is erected in memory of the fallen heroes.

Chelyabinsk "Eternal Flame"

The "Eternal Flame" in Chelyabinsk was lit in honor of the 20th anniversary of the victory, in honor of those Chelyabinsk residents who did not return home from the war. A large cast-iron star, in the center of which a fire is always burning, is framed by a wreath of laurel and oak leaves. Here, on granite slabs, the names of the South Urals, 250 heroes who died freeing their land from the enemy are carved. Among them are holders of the Orders of the Red Banner and Heroes of the Soviet Union.

There are also monuments in Chelyabinsk that remind of other wars in which its inhabitants died.

Monument "Eaglet"

Thus, the famous Eaglet monument is dedicated to the Komsomol members, heroes of the Civil War in the Urals. It was installed on the day of the 40th anniversary of the Leninist Komsomol, in 1958, on the Alom field of Chelyabinsk. Subsequently, it was recognized as one of the best monuments of Russian sculpture, for which its creator, sculptor L.N. Golovnitsky, was awarded the Lenin Komsomol Prize.

Monument to the "Valiant Sons of the Fatherland"

And in memory of the residents of the Urals, who died in armed conflicts and local wars in different periods, a memorial to the “Valiant sons of the Fatherland” was erected in Chelyabinsk. It is a sculptural composition, which consists of two huge granite blocks, 7 and 10 meters high, symbolizing a mountain gorge, as well as a bronze eagle sitting on its top with proudly outstretched wings, symbolizing military glory and honor.

This majestic monument weighing 180 tons is located on the Walk of Fame, next to the "Eternal Flame" and the monument to volunteer tankers.

Memorial "Soldiers of Law and Order" in Chelyabinsk

And not so long ago in Chelyabinsk was solemnly opened a memorial to the memory of Chelyabinsk law enforcement officers who died in the line of duty. The monument was named "Soldiers of Law and Order", and its opening was timed to the Day of the employee of the internal affairs bodies.

The memorial is a four-meter sculpture of a Chelyabinsk policeman covering a child with his hand. And behind it - plates with the names of the dead law enforcement officers, residents of the Chelyabinsk region, carved on them. The memorial is located near the building of the local history museum.

Monument "Tale of the Urals"

Created on the basis of P. Bazhov's fairy tales, the “Tale of the Urals” monument is a powerful 12-meter stone sculpture of a giant with a huge belt - the symbol of the Urals (the name “Ural” is translated from Bashkir as “belt”). In the hands of the giant - a huge hammer - evidence of the labor merits of the South Ural residents.

This monument was erected on the station square as the personification of the power and strength of the Southern Urals in 1967.

Monument to Kurchatov in Chelyabinsk

There is also an original monument in Chelyabinsk to the famous academician-nuclear scientist, Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov, who discovered the fission of the atomic nucleus. It was installed on the border of Lenin Avenue and the Yuri Gagarin Park in Chelyabinsk for the 250th anniversary of the city, in 1986.

The originality of this monument lies in its extraordinary illumination. Indeed, according to the idea of ​​the author, sculptor Vardkes Avakyan, in the evening the atomic nucleus and the monument itself were to be illuminated thanks to the installed lamp from the aircraft. True, for some technical reasons, this structure ceased to function soon after its discovery, but 20 years later, in 2006, the illumination of the atom and the entire memorial was restored and even supplemented. So this monument looks especially impressive in the evening.

"Sphere of love"

This sculptural and landscape composition, beloved by Chelyabinsk residents, is installed in the center of Chelyabinsk, not far from the Kinomax-Ural complex. Since 2000, wedding processions have stopped here. To romantic music, the newlyweds give each other an oath of loyalty and love. This is such a beautiful tradition.

Monument to a professional beggar

But those who want to improve their material well-being come to the sculpture of a professional beggar and put money in his bronze hat. Residents of Chelyabinsk believe that if you do it from the heart, and even stroke the bald head of the sculpture, the Lord will send good luck and prosperity.

Today, at a staff meeting, the Governor of the Chelyabinsk Region Boris Dubrovsky instructed to resolve the issue of bringing the monuments dedicated to the Great Patriotic War into proper form: During a recent video selector with veterans, I was instructed to keep a record of all Victory monuments on the territory of the Chelyabinsk Region and put them in order. Then we thought that we had 360 of them, now it turned out that there are almost twice as many of them - 686, and 113 of them are in an unsatisfactory condition. I instruct you to complete the work by the end of the first quarter, I ask you to join the control of our deputies, the Council of Veterans, an asset of the movement "For the revival of the Urals". I don't see any difficulties in putting things in order in this matter. "

It is clear that all this is not only in honor of May 9, but also in honor of the 70th anniversary of the Great Victory. And the case is really necessary, moreover, we need it more, those who know this war only from films and history textbooks. To remember. For a man is alive as long as his memory is alive. Remember our heroes, the Urals, who not only fought, but also did everything in the rear to ensure that the country won.

There are not many war memorials, I know. Unfortunately. But here are the ones that come to mind first when it comes to Tankograd:

1. "Sister"

It was opened in 2005 for the 60th anniversary of the Victory in gratitude to all women who fought and saved the lives of soldiers. In Russia, this is one of the few monuments dedicated to nurses at the front.

2. Monument to the IS-3 tank

ISs were popularly called "pikes". In fact, the IS-3 did not participate in large-scale battles of the Great Patriotic War and World War II, because it went into mass production at the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant at the very end of the war. But in the Victory Parade in Berlin and Potsdam, Stalin's "pikes" were. By the way, in Chelyabinsk, a monument to ISU was erected for the 20th anniversary of the Victory.

3. Monument to home front workers "Katyusha" in the park near the Palace of Culture named after Kolyuschenko

Installed in honor of the 30th anniversary of the Victory. Chelyabinsk is directly related to the release of the legendary artillery systems. In the fall of 1941, the plant them. Kolyushenko was ordered to urgently launch the production of Katyusha rocket launchers and shells for them, for which equipment from various enterprises of the country arrived in the city. There was not enough factory space for this, so additional premises were allocated along Zheleznodorozhnaya Street and a building located at the corner of Yelkin and Truda Streets.

The workers who arrived at the Kolyuschites were accommodated in their apartments and jointly began to prepare for the release of weapons for the Red Army. They worked on the installation of equipment for 15-18 hours. Many did not leave the factory at all. Shop No. 3 was built on its territory, where the final assembly of the Katyusha was carried out. At the beginning of 1942, the first covered with tarpaulins came out of the gates of shop No. 5 and were sent to the front by the Chelyabinsk Katyusha rocket launchers.

4. Monument to the Defenders of the Fatherland

It was opened in 1975, to the 30th anniversary of the Victory, and is located in the Victory Square at the ChMP.

5. Monument to tankmen near school number 2 on the street. Ovchinnikova

One of the oldest monuments dedicated to the Victory and the volunteer tankers of the Chelyabinsk region. In the building of secondary school number 2 in 1942, formed the 96th tank brigade named. Chelyabinsk Komsomol. In the fall of 1941, the Komsomol members of the Chelyabinsk Abrasive Plant appealed to the youth of the region with an appeal to organize a fundraiser to create a tank column named after the Chelyabinsk Komsomol. In a short time, more than 11.5 million rubles were collected. The 96th Volunteer Tank Brigade went into action in the summer of 1942 on the left bank of the Don. She took part in the Battle of Stalingrad, the Battle of the Kursk Bulge, the liberation of Belgorod, Kharkov and other cities.

6. Soviet Icarus

Monument to the graduates of the Chelyabinsk Higher Military Aviation School of Navigators (CHVVAUSH), who died in the battles of the Great Patriotic War. During the war years, the school graduated 10 thousand aviation specialists, 41 graduates were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. The monument was erected on the central alley, on the territory of the school on October 1, 1966. The inscription on the pedestal: "Eternal Glory to the students of the school who died in the battles for the Soviet Motherland."