What is meal digestion photosynthesis enzyme hemolyimph. Tasks of the lesson: to summarize and systematize knowledge of the processes of the vital activity of organisms that ensure its integrity and relationship with the environment
Biology teacher, chemistry and geography of the first category
Generalization on the topic "Life of organisms"
(Biology lesson in grade 6)
Tasks lesson:
To summarize and systematize knowledge of the processes of the vital activity of organisms, providing its integrity and relationship with the environment.
Check the level of formation of the skills to allocate essential features and properties of phenomena, apply knowledge in practice.
Promoting the formation of educational ideas about plants and animals as holistic organisms.
^ Basic concepts and term lesson : meals, digestion, photosynthesis, enzyme, blood, cold-blooded, warm-blooded, outdoor skeleton, inner skeleton, nervous system, reflex, instinct, hormones, dispute, goveta, seed, growth, development, reproduction.
Equipment: Computer presentation "Vital activity of organisms. Generalization of knowledge ", processor, video projector, screen.
During the classes:
Organizing time.
Repetition and synthesis of knowledge.
Solving biological tasks.
What stages of organisms develop these objects?
Agmented answers to the tasks "What approval is true?" (accompanied by a demonstration of slides with text of statements and corresponding figures and schemes, students comment on their answer - why agree or disagree)
Only plants can directly absorb solar energy.
All animals are omnivorous.
All living organisms breathe.
Ustiana - Rainworm's breathing body.
Lungs have only terrestrial vertebrates.
Organic substances in plants are moved along the sieve tubes.
At the rainworm is a closed circulatory system.
Fish three-chamber heart.
The metabolism is due to all living organisms.
Fish - warm-blooded animals.
Plants and mushrooms do not have special separation systems.
Worm-to-kidney.
All animals have an inner skeleton.
The skeleton of the vertebrate consists of a skeleton of the head, torso and limbs.
Plants are capable of active movements, they can move.
Hormones - substances secreted by the glands of internal secretion in blood.
The nervous vertebrate system consists of a head and spinal cord and nerves.
Two individuals take part in the reproduction fabric.
Burning is a method of useless reproduction.
In flower plants, double fertilization.
Insects have an indirect type of development.
Tasks for reproducing the definitions of the basic concepts of the topic.
^ Food, digestion, photosynthesis, enzyme.
What type of food in plants is photosynthesis?
What organisms are the digestion characteristic?
What does enzymes have a relation to the process of digestion?
^ Hemolymph, plasma, blood cells, artery, vein, capillary.
What is blood plasma? How is it related to blood cells?
What unites these concepts - artery, veins, capillaries?
What is the difference between these vessels?
^ 3. Cold-blooded, warm-blooded, kidney, ureter, bladder.
What is the difference in warm-blooded animals from cold-blooded?
What animals belong to warm-blooded, and what - to cold-blooded?
What unites these three concepts - kidneys, ureters, bladder.
^ 4. Outdoor skeleton, internal skeleton, lifting power of the wing.
What is the difference between the outer skeleton from the inner?
For whatever organisms are characterized by an outdoor skeleton, and for what - internal?
What is the lifting power of the wing?
^ 5. Mesh nervous system, nodal nervous system, nervous impulse, reflex, instinct.
For what organisms are the mesh nervous system? What is her features?
What are the features of the nodal nervous system?
What is a nervous impulse?
What is Reflex?
What is the instinct?
^ 6. Burning, disputes, vegetative organs.
What unites all these concepts?
What organisms are the kinding?
What are vegetative organs?
What organisms are most often multiplied by the vegetative bodies?
^ 7. Gameta, hermaphrodis, spermatozoa, egg, fertilization, zygote.
What unites concepts - goveta, spermatozoa, egg cell?
What organisms are called hermaphroditis?
Make a proposal using the last four terms.
^ 8. Pollination, germ bag, central cell, double fertilization, seedlings.
What is pollination?
What unites such concepts as an embryonic bag and a central cell?
What are the features of double fertilization characteristic of flowering plants?
What is seedlings?
^ 9. Crushing, Blastuly, Gastrula, Neuroula, Mesoderma.
What is crushing?
What is formed as a result of this process?
What unites such concepts as Blastuly, Gastral and Neuroula?
What is Mesoderm?
Generalization of the material.
What is the living different from non-living?
Conclusion by lesson:Living organisms differ from the bodies of inanimate nature by the fact that they are characterized by such processes as nutrition, breathing, metabolism, isolation, movement, irritability, growth, development and reproduction.
Summing up the lesson, setting estimates of the student for work in the lesson
The digestion occurs in the digestive system, which includes special glands producing enzymes. Enzymes - biologically active substances capable of accelerating biochemical reactions.
Enzymes perform the role of biocatalysts. Digestive enzymes are cleavage of food components in the digestive channel.
The enzymes in the cells of the digestive glands are formed: salivary, stomach, pancreas, stern walls. From these glands, they are distinguished in saliva and digestive juices:
- Gastric;
- intestinal;
- pancreas.
Enzyme functions
Each of the enzymes has a property to perform a specific function and not affect others, i.e. It has specificity.
So, the enzymes that split proteins act only on them. This group of enzymes is called proteases. These include pepsinis, gelatinase, chymosine stomach, trypsin and chimotrypsin of the pancreas, enterocinate from the glands of the wigs of the slices.
Enzymes that split fats are called lipases. The most active lipases released with the pancreas juice are most active.
Third group of digestive enzymes - amylase (carbohydresis). They split carbohydrates. These include birdbird and maltaz saliva, amylase, maltaz and pancreatic lactase.
Only basic enzymes are named here. In fact, they are more. With all the manifold, they have an ordered sequence of action on substances. Thus, the initial stages of the splitting of carbohydrates occur in the oral cavity, follow-up in the stomach, and then in the guts. The splitting of proteins begins in the stomach under the action of pepsin, and continues in the guts under the action of other proteases.
Enzymes function only under certain environments: pH, temperature, presence of a series of substances, etc.
Thus, the enzyme of the gastric juice - pepsin - acts in a sharply acidic medium, its optimum at pH \u003d 1.5-2.5. The action of lipase is more effective if the fats are emulsified. The role of the emulsifier performs bile. For the work of the enzymes of the intestine requires an alkaline environment. Preferred temperature for their normal operation - + 36-37 ° C.
If for some reason the conditions in the digestive channel change, enzymes reduce their activity, which leads to disruption of digestion, diseases.
The structure of plant and animal cells
1. On the structure of the cell, all living beings are divided into ... ( Nuclear and nuclear-free.)
2. Any cell outside covered ... ( Plasma membrane.)
3. The internal medium of the cell is ... ( Cytoplasm.)
4. Structures that are constantly present in the cell are called ... ( Organoishes.)
5. Organide participating in the formation and transportation of various organic substances -
this is … ( Endoplasmic reticulum.)
6. Organide, participating in intracellular digestion of food particles, deadly parts of the cell, is called ... ( Lizosoma.)
7. Green plastists are called ... ( Chloroplasts.)
8. The substance contained in chloroplasts is called ... ( Chlorophyll.)
9. Transparent bubbles filled with cellular juice are called ... ( Vacuole.)
10. The place of formation of proteins in cells is ... ( Ribosomes.)
11. Hereditary information about this cell is stored in ... ( Kernel.)
12. The energy required by the cell is formed in ... ( Mitochondria.)
13. The process of absorption by a cell of solid particles is called ... ( Phagocytosis.)
14. The process of absorption by a fluid cell is called ... ( Pinocytosis.)
Plant and Animal Fabrics
1. A group of cells similar in structure, origin and functions is called ... ( the cloth.)
2. Tissue cells are interconnected ... ( Intercellular substance.)
3. Fabric, providing plant growth, is called ... ( Education.)
4. Sheet sheet and plug are formed ... cloth . (Pokrovny.)
5. Support organs of the plant gives ... Fabric . (Mechanical.)
6. The movement of water and nutrients performs ... Fabric. ( Conductive.)
7. Water and mineral substances dissolved in it move on ... ( Conductive vessels.)
8. Water and solutions of organic substances are moved by ... ( Synotoid tubes.)
9. The outer cover of the body of animals forms ... fabric. ( Epithelial.)
10. The presence between the cells of a large amount of the intercellular substance is the property ... fabric. ( Connecting.)
11. Bones, cartilage, blood forms ... fabric. ( Connecting.)
12. Animal muscles consist of ... fabric. ( Muscular.)
13. The main properties of muscle tissue - ... and ... ( Ecavitability and reduction.)
14. The nervous system of animals consists of ... fabrics. ( Nervous.)
15. The nervous cell consists of body, short and long ... ( Georgovkov.)
16. The main properties of the nervous tissue - ... and ... ( Excitability and conductivity.)
Flower plant organs
1. Part of the body of a plant that has a certain structure and performing certain functions, is called ... ( Organ.)
2. Root systems are ... and ... ( Rod and urine.)
3. The root system with a well-pronounced main root is called ... ( Sodle.)
4. Wheat, rice, onions, have ... root system. ( Urine.)
5. Roots are the main, ... and ... ( Side and apparent.)
6. Stem with leaves and kidneys located on it ... ( The escape.)
7. The sheet consists of ... and ... ( Sheet plate and stuff.)
8. If there is one sheet plate on the cut, the sheet is called ... ( Plain.)
9. If the petiole has several leafy plates, then such a sheet is called ... ( Complicated.)
10. Kinds of cactus, peas mustache - it ... leaves. ( Modified.)
11. The flower curler is formed ... ( Petals.)
12. The pestle consists of ..., ... and ... ( Strugs, column and wound.)
13. Bellow and Stomach Thread - Composite Parts ... ( Stychkin.)
14. A group of flowers located in a certain order is called ... ( Inflorescence.)
15. Flowers containing and pestle, and a latch, called ... ( Oboy.)
16. Flowers containing only pestles or just stamens are called ... ( Separations.)
17. Plants whose seed embryos have two seedlies are called ... ( Dichomotic.)
18. Plants, whose seed embryos have one seedliness, are called ... ( Monocoan.)
19. Flashing fabric of seed is called ... ( Endosperm.)
20. Organs performing the function of reproduction are called ... ( Reproductive.)
21. Plant organs, the main functions of which - food, breathing, are called ... ( Vegetative.)
Food and digestion
1. The process of obtaining the organism necessary to him substances and energy is called ... ( Food.)
2. The process of turning complex organic foods to the simpler, available to the body, is called ... ( Digestion.)
3. Air power supply is carried out in the process ... Photosynthesis.)
4. The process of forming complex organic substances in chloroplasts in the light is called ... ( Photosynthesis.)
5. The plants are characterized by air and ... nutrition. ( Soil.)
6. The main condition of photosynthesis is the presence of in cells ... ( Chlorophyll.)
7. Animals feed on fruits, seeds and other organs of plants are called ... ( Purbitivores.)
8. Organisms that feed "together" are called ... ( Symbiounta.)
9. Fox, wolves, owls by power supply - ... ( Predators.)
11. In most multicellular animals, the digestive system consists of oral cavity - > ... (Continue in order). ( Pharynx––\u003e esophagus––\u003e Stomach––\u003e Intestine.)
12. Digestive glands allocate ... - substances that digest food. ( Enzymes.)
13. Final digestion and suction of it in blood takes place in ... ( Intestines.)
1. The gas exchange process between the organism and the environment is called ... ( Breath.)
2. During breathing absorbs ... and exhales ... ( Oxygen, carbon dioxide.)
3. Absorption of oxygen with the entire body surface is ... Type of breathing. ( Cellular.)
4. Gas exchange in plants occurs through ... and ... ( Ustian and lentils.)
5. Cancers, fish breathe with ... ( Gills.)
6. Insect respiration bodies - ... ( Trachea.)
7. The frog breathing is carried out lungs and ... ( Skin.)
8. Respiratory bodies having a type of cellular bags pearanted by blood vessels are called ... ( Lungs.)
Vehicles of substances in the body
1. Water and mineral substances dissolved in it in the plant move on ... ( Vessels.)
2. Organic substances from leaves to other plants are moved by ... ( Synotoid tubes of the Luba.)
3. In the transfer of oxygen and nutrients in animals participates ... System . (Blood.)
4. Blood consists of ... and ... ( Plasma and blood cells.)
5. Red blood cells contain a substance ... ( Hemoglobin.)
6. The transfer of oxygen is carried out ... blood cells. ( Red.)
7. Protective function - the destruction of pathogenic bacteria is performed ... Blood cells. ( White.)
8. Insects on the vessels flowing ... ( Hemolyimfa.)
9. Blood bearing vessels are called ... ( Arteries.)
10. Blood bearing blood vessels are called ... ( Vienna.)
11. The smallest blood vessels - ... ( Capillaries.)
Metabolism and energy
1. A complex chain of transforming substances, starting from the moment they are proceeded in the body and ending with the removal of decay products, called ... ( Metabolism.)
2. Complicated organic substances are split into a simpler organ ... ( Digestion.)
3. The decomposition of complex substances is accompanied by excretion ... ( Energy.)
4. Animals, in which the metabolism is slow and the temperature of their body depends on the ambient temperature, are called ... ( Cold-blooded.)
5. Animals, the metabolism in which is actively, with the release of a large amount of energy, are ... ( Heatchard.)
Skeleton and traffic
1. The two main types of skeleton differ: ... and ... ( Outdoor and internal.)
2. Cancer shell, molluscs are impregnated ... ( Mineral salts.)
3. The skeleton of insects consists mainly of ... ( Chitin.)
4. The skeleton is attached ... ( Muscles.)
5. Skeleton of vertebrates is formed ... or ... cloth. ( Bone or cartilage.)
6. Plants perform the support function ... Fabric. ( Mechanical.)
7. The simplest organisms are moving with ... and ... ( Cisser and zhgutikov.)
8. For squid, octopuses, scallops are characteristic ... Movement. ( Reactive.)
9. Fish and whales are the main organ of movement ... ( Tail fin.)
10. Motion of multicellular animals is carried out due to ... ( Muscle reduction.)
11. The difference in air pressure above the wing and under the wing of birds creates ..., thanks to which the flight is possible. ( Lifting power.)
Coordination and regulation
1. The ability of the organisms to respond to environmental impact, is called ... ( Irritability.)
2. The response of the body for irritation carried out with the participation of the nervous system is called ... ( Reflex.)
3. Nervous hydrate cells, in contact with each other, form ... nervous system. ( Mesh.)
4. At the rainworm, the nervous system consists of ... and ... ( Nerve knots and abdominal nervous chain.)
5. The vertebrate animals the nervous system consists of ..., ... and ... ( Spinal, brain and nerves.)
6. The brain department responsible for coordinating movements is called ... ( Cerebellum.)
7. Complex forms of animal behavior are called ... ( Instincts.)
8. Inheritance reflexes are called ... ( Unconditional.)
9. Reflexes purchased throughout life are called ... ( Conditional.)
10. The wave of excitation propagating in the nerve is called ... ( Nervous impulse.)
11. In the regulation of the functions of the body, except the nervous, participates ... System. ( Endocrine.)
12. Chemicals secreted by the glands of internal secretion are called ... ( Hormones.)
Sexual reproduction of animals
1. Floor cells involved in reproduction are called ... ( Gamets.)
2. Men's gametes are called ... ( Spermatozoa.)
3. Women's gametes are called ... ( Egg cell)
4. The process of fusion of germ cells is called ... ( Fertilization.)
5. Animals, whose individuals are only spermatozoa, and other eggs are called ... ( Separation.)
6. The individuals capable of producing men's and female gamets at the same time, called ..., or ... ( Obohylas, or hermaphrodites.)
7. The ability of the embryo to develop from a non-advocated egg is called ... ( Parthenogenesis.)
8. Fertilized egg is called ... ( Zygote.)
9. The genital organs of males - ... ( Semencons.)
10. Family females - ... ( Ovarian.)
Reproduction of plants
1. For plants, two breeding methods are characteristic - ... and ... ( Canopy and sex.)
2. Education of new individuals from the root, the escape is called ... ( Vegetative reproduction.)
3. The organ of sexual reproduction of plants is ... ( Flower.)
4. The process in which the pollen falls on the pistil is called ... ( Pollination.)
5. The fusion of the genital cells is called ... ( Fertilization.)
6. Sperm develops in ... ( Pollen grains.)
7. Eggs develop in ... which is inside ... Germinal bag of sick; warry pestle.)
8. The first sperm merges with ..., and the second sperm - with ... ( Egg cell; central cell.)
9. When merging, sperm with an egg is formed ... ( Zygote.)
10. When merging sperm with the central cell is formed ... ( Endosperm.)
11. Walls marks become walls ... ( Fruit.)
12. The coverings of the geeks turn into ... ( Seed peel.)
Animal growth and development
1. Development from the moment of fertilization before the birth of the body is called ... ( Germinal.)
2. The step of dividing the zygotes into many cells is called ... ( Splitting up.)
3. Flood germs with cavity inside ... Blastula.)
4. The stage of education at the embryo of three germinal layers is called ... ( Gastrol.)
5. Outdoor germ layer is called ... ( Etoderma.)
6. The inner germ layer is called ... ( Entoderma.)
7. The average embryonic layer is called ... ( Mesoderma.)
8. Stage on which the formation of organ systems is called ... ( Neurula.)
9. The development of the body from the moment of his birth to death is called ... ( Posthamsbrional.)
Organism and environment
1. Science on the relationship of living organisms with a habitat is called ... ( Ecology.)
2. The components of the medium that affect the body is called ..., or ... Environment factors, or E. cOLOGICAL FACTORS.)
3. Light, wind, humidity, hail, salinity, water - this ... ( Factors of inanimate nature.)
4. Factors associated with the influence of living organisms on each other are called ... ( Wildlife factors.)
5. The relationship "Fox - Mouse" is ... ( Predation.)
6. The relationship "Mushroom - Tree" is ... ( Symbiosis.)
8. The disappearance of forests, species of animals and plants is the cause of the effect on nature ... ( Human activity.)
9. Communities of animals and plants, existing on a certain territory interacting between themselves and the environment, form ... ( Ecosystem.)
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