Management of verbs with examples. Control of verbs in German - Learn German online - Start Deutsch
(alphabetical index)
| abhangen | von D | depend on (someone/something) |
| ahole | A von D | meet (smth.), drop in, call in |
| ablegen | A | take (exams), take off outerwear |
| andern | A | change (sth.) |
| anhaben | A | to be dressed in something |
| ankommen | in D | arrive |
| annehmen | A | accept, suppose, accept |
| anreden | A | contact (to someone) |
| anrufen | A | call |
| antworten | auf A | answer (to smth.) |
| anwenden | A | apply (sth.) |
| anziehen | A | wear something |
| arbeiten | an D, fur A, mit D | to work (on smth., with someone, with someone) |
| aufpassen | auf A | watch, look after (someone/something) |
| aufraumen | mit D | put an end to (something); eliminate |
| aufschreiben | A | write down (sth.) |
| ausbilden | A | prepare, train, qualify |
| ausfull | A | fill (sth.) |
| auspacken | A | unpack |
| ausrichten | D A | hand over (smth. to someone) |
| ausschalten | A | turn off (sth.) |
| aussprechen | A | pronounce, pronounce |
| aussteinen | aus D | get out of... |
| auszahlen | A | pay out, pay out money |
| bedeuten | A | mean, signify |
| beginnen | mit D, A | start (smth. with smth.) |
| begrunden | mit D | justify, motivate |
| behalten | A | leave, remember |
| behandeln | A | treat (someone) |
| bekanntmachen | Amit D | meet; sich ~ (~sya) |
| bekommen | A | receive, acquire |
| benutzen | A | enjoy |
| berechenen | A, D | calculate, reckon, count |
| bereit | auf A | ready (to do something) |
| beseitigen=beheben | A | eliminate (errors, shortcomings) |
| besorgen | A | buy |
| bestatigen | A | confirm |
| bestehen | aus D, auf A, in D | consist of / in, insist, exist |
| bestellen | A | order |
| besuchen | A | to visit / to visit, to be somewhere / to go somewhere. |
| betrugen | A | make up (some number/amount) |
| bewundern | A | admire, admire |
| bezahlen/begleichen | A | pay |
| biegen | in A | turn somewhere. |
| bilden | A | compose, form |
| bitten | A um A | to ask (someone about smth.) |
| bleiben | in D | stay (somewhere) |
| bringen | D, A | bring, deliver, cause |
| Buchen | A | order |
| einfallen | D | come to mind, remember |
| einfuhren | A in A | import smth. somewhere |
| einhalten | A; in, mit D | observe; stop, stop |
| einkaufen | A | buy, buy something. |
| einladen | A; zu D: in A; fur A | invite someone somewhere; to an event in place; for some time |
| einrichten | A | arrange, arrange, set up |
| einshalten | A | include something. |
| einstellen | A | stop, suspend |
| einverstanden sein | mit D | be in agreement with somebody/something. |
| eintreffen | in D | to arrive (somewhere). to arrive, to arrive |
| entgegenkommen | D | go forward, yield |
| entschadigen | A fur A | to recompense (for someone), to compensate |
| erinnern | A an D | to remind someone about smth. |
| erklaeren | fur A; zuD; aus D | recognize (smth.), proclaim |
| erledigen | A | finish, settle, resolve |
| eroffnen | A | open, start |
| erreichen | A | reach, reach by phone |
| erzahlen | über A, von D | talk about smth. |
| es geht | um A | talking about somebody/something. |
| es handelt sich | um A | talking about somebody/something. |
| essen | A | eat, eat |
| exportieren | A in A | export, export |
| sagen | A | say, speak |
| schaden | D | harm somebody/something. |
| schaffen | A | do, handle |
| schmecken | N, D | to be tasty, to love something from food |
| schreiben | D an A | write, write to someone |
| Schuld sein | an D | be guilty of |
| sorgen | fur A | take care of someone/something |
| spazierengehen | in D | walk, take a walk somewhere |
| spielen | mit D | to play on smth., smth., to joke |
| sprechen | A über A | talk, talk on tape |
| stehen | zuD; nach D; auf D | relate to smth.; have a direction (to) |
| storen | A bei D | interfere with smb. in smth. |
| stunden | A | delay, prolong |
| suchen | A, nach D | search |
Literature:
1. Dreyer, Schmitt Lehr- und Űbungsbuch der deutschen Grammatik. Verlag fűr Deutsch, Ismaning, 1999.
2. Gerhard Helbig, Joachim Buscha Űbungsgrammatik Deutsch. Langenscheidt, Berlin und München, 2002.
3. Karin Hall, Barbara Scheiner Űbungsgrammatik fűr Fortgeschrittene. Max Hueber Verlag, Ismaning, 2002.
4. Karl-Ernst Sommerfeldt, Guenter Starke Einfűhrung in die Grammatik der deutschen Sprache. Thűbingen, 1998.
5. Devekin V.N. Workshop on German grammar. M., 1972.
6. Zavyalova V.M., Ilyina L.V. Practical course of the German language. M., 1999.
7. Molchanova I.D., Egorova Z.A. Corrective course of German grammar. M., 1980.
8. Narustrang E.V. Practical grammar of the German language. S.-P., 2000.
9. Ovchinnikova A.V., Ovchinnikov A.F. 500 German grammar exercises. M., 2002.
10. Rossikhina G.N., Ulyanova E.S. German verb in exercises. M., 2002.
11. Yartsev V.V. German language for you ... M., 2001.
The control of a verb is the ability of a verb to require the use of words dependent on it in a certain case (with or without a certain preposition).
Management is also characteristic of verbs in other languages, for example, in Russian:
- wonder (to whom? what?) - the dependent noun is in the dative case,
- to admire (whom? what?) - instrumental case,
- hope (for whom? for what?) - accusative case with a preposition.
In English, verbs also often require the use of a specific preposition, which must be memorized along with the verb, for example:
hope (for smth.) - hope (for smth.)
insist (on smth.) - insist (on smth.)
rely (on, upon smb.) - trust (smth.), rely (on someone)
Often the control of verbs in German and Russian is the same, and the use of such verbs does not cause difficulties:
sehen j-n (Akk.) - to see someone, something. (vin.)
helfen j-m (Dat.) - to help smb. (dat.)
However, there are a significant number of verbs that do not coincide in control in Russian and German, for example:
sich interessieren fur Akk. - be interested in smth. (creative)
Ich interessiere mich fur Musik. - I'm interested in music.
As can be seen from the example, in Russian the verb "to be interested" requires after itself a noun in the instrumental case without a preposition, and in German - an accusative with a preposition fur (which is most often translated into Russian "for, for").
When controlling a verb, not the most common meaning of the preposition in which it is usually remembered may be realized, so the use of just such a preposition with this verb may seem "illogical" to a non-native speaker. The same German preposition can be translated differently into Russian, and vice versa: arbeiten an D. - work on smth.
teilnehmen an D. - to participate in smth.
denken an A. - to think about smth.
talk about smth. - sprechenüber A.
take care of smth. - sorgen fur A.
dream about smth. - traumen von D.
The most common verbs, the management of which should be paid special attention, since due to a mismatch with the Russian language, errors occur when they are used:
1. gratulieren + Dat (zu) - the Germans congratulate in the dative case. I congratulate you on your birthday... and so on.
2. anrufen + Akk - to call (with the accusative case!). Literally: I call you \ I will dial you.
3. denken an + Akk \ sich erinnern an + Akk - think about \ remember about ...
4. aufhören mit + D. - stop doing something (yes, used with the preposition MIT)
5. beantworten + Akk - to answer something (there is no preposition HA in German in this case) Ich beantworte die Frage. no suggestions needed.
6. bedanken sich bei D. | fur A. - to thank smb. | for smth.
entschuldigen sich bei D. | gegen G. / für A. - to apologize to smb. | for smth.
(there are two prepositions, and the cases are followed by different ones)
7. beschäftigen sich mit D. - to do smth. (whatever subject you are in will be transmitted through the preposition MIT)
8. entscheiden sich für A. - to decide on smth. (in this case, für indicates ownership)
9. freuen sich über A. - to rejoice in smth. (accomplished)
freuen sich auf A. - to rejoice in smth. (upcoming)
10. kennen lernen A. - (by) getting to know smb. (preposition is not needed at all). Ich habe dich kennengelernt.
Control table of German verbs
Cards "Management of verbs"
Verbs used with preposition and dative:
Expressions used with preposition and Akkusativ:
Expressions used with preposition and dative:
Reflexive verbs with translation and control m:
sich ärgern (to get angry) über+Akk. (for someone or something)
Sich beschweren (to complain) über+Akk. (for someone or something)
Sich kümmern (take care of) um+Akk. (about someone or something)
Sich unterhalten (talk, have fun) mit+D. (anything)
Sich erkundigen (to inquire, inquire, direct
help) nach+D. (about someone, something) sich gewöhnen (get used to) an+ Akk. (to something)
Sich freuen (rejoice) über + Akk. (something done), auf+Akk. (something to come)
Sich erinnern (remember, remember) an+Akk. (about anything)
Sich bedanken (thank) bei + D. (someone) fur+ Akk. (for anything)
Sich entschuldigen (to apologize, make excuses) bei + D. (to someone), wegen + G. (for anything)
Sich verabschieden (to say goodbye) von+D. (with anyone)
Sich bemühen (try, work) um+Akk. (over something)
Sich schämen (to be ashamed) + G. (of something)
Sich beschäftigen (to practice) mit+D. (anything)
Sich wundern (be surprised) über+Akk. (to something)
Sich furchten (be afraid) vor+D. (someone, something).
Sich interessieren (to be interested in) für+Akk.
Sich vorbereiten (get ready) zu+D. (to something), für + Akk., auf + Akk (to something)
Sich entscheiden (decide) für+Akk. (for something)
List of German verbs with control and translation:
abhängen von D. depend on smb., smb.
abholen A. to pick up smb.
absagen von D. to refuse smth.
abziehen A. | von D. distract smb. | from smth.
achten auf A. pay attention to smth., smth.; keep an eye on someone or something. amüsieren sich über A. to have fun with smth.
anbauen A. | an A. attach smth. | to smth.
Angst haben vor D. to be afraid of smth., smth.
ankommen auf A. to depend on smth.
annehmen sich G. take care of smth.
anrufen A. call smb.
ansprechen um A. to ask for smth.
anstoßen an A. hit smth., bump into smth.
antworten auf A. to answer smth.
arbeiten als N. to work for smb., in the capacity/position of smb.
arbeiten an A. work on smth.
arbeiten bei D. to work for smb., for some. firm
ärgern sich über A. to be angry, angry at someone/sth., because of smth.
aufhören mit D. stop, interrupt smth.
aufpassen auf A. to keep an eye on
aufregen sich über A. to worry, worry about smth., smb.
ausgeben für A. to spend, spend on smth.
ausweichen D. avoid smb., smb.
Beantworten A. to answer smth.
beauftragen A. | mit D. entrust smb. | smth.
bedanken sich bei D. | fur A. to thank smb. | for smth.
bedienen sich G. to use smth.
bedürfen G. to need smth.
befassen sich mit D. to do smth.
begegnen D. meet smb., come across smb.
begeistern sich für A. to be inspired by, to admire smb., sth.
beginnen mit D. start with smth., smb.
begluckwünschen A. | zu D. congratulate smb. | with smth.
begründen mit D. justify with smth.
behuten A. | vor D. protect smb. | from smth.
beitragen zu D. contribute to smth., contribute to smth.
beitreten D. to get into smth.
beiwohnen D. be present at smth.
beklagen sich bei D. | über A. to complain to smb., to smb. | on someone, something
bemühen sich um A. to labor, pore over smth.
benehmen D. take away, take away from smb.
beneiden A. | um A. to envy smb. | in smth.
berechtigen A. | zu D. give/entitle smb. | on smth.
berichten über A. to inform, to report, to report on smth.
beschäftigen sich mit D. to do smth.
beschränken sich auf A. be limited to smth.
beschuldigen A. | G. blame smb. | in smth.
beschweren sich bei D. | über A. (to) complain to smb., to smb. | on someone, something
bestehen aus D. consist of smth.
bestehen auf A. insist on smth.
beteiligen sich an D. to participate in smth.
betreten A. get into smth., somewhere.
bewahren A. | vor D. (to) save, (u) save smth. | from smth.
bewerben sich um A. apply for smth., lay claim to smth.
bewundern A. admire, admire smth.
bezeichnen als N. name(s), name, name someone, something.
beziehen sich auf A. refer to smth., touch on smth. bitten A. | um A. ask (from) smb. | about smth., about smth.
blättern in D. flip through, flip through smth.
brauchen A. need smth.
Danken D. | fur A. to thank smb. | for smth.
denken an A. think about smth., smth.
deuten auf A. indicate, hint at smth.; foreshadow, foretell.
diskutieren über A. to discuss smth., discuss smth.
Eingehen auf A. agree, go for smth.
einigen sich auf/über A. agree (among themselves) on smth., agree on smth., agree on smth.
einkehren bei D. call in, call in, turn to smb.
einladen A. | zu D. invite smb. | on smth.
einreden auf A. to persuade, to persuade smb.
entgehen D. slip away, run away from smb., smth.
enthalten sich G. to abstain from smth.
entkommen D. avoid smth., bypass smth.
entlaufen D. run away from smth., smth.
entnehmen D. (to) borrow from smb., from smb.
entscheiden sich für A. decide on smth.
entschließen sich zu D. decide on smth.
entschuldigen sich bei D. | gegen G. / für A. to apologize to smb. | for smth.
entsetzen A. | G. remove smb. | from some post, some positions
entsinnen sich G. to remember smth.
entziehen A. | D. take away smb., sth. | from someone
erfahren durch D. | über A. learn from smb. | about smth.
erinnern sich an A. to reminisce about smth., smth.
erkennen A. | an D. to recognize, to identify someone, smth. | for smth.
erkranken an D. to fall ill with smth.
erkundigen sich bei D. | nach D. make inquiries, inquire from smb., somewhere. | about smth., smth.
ernähren sich von D.
ernennen A. | zu D. appoint smb. | by someone, to some job title
erreichen A. achieve smth.
erschrecken vor D. to be afraid of smth., someone.
erzahlen D. | von D. story(s) to smb. | about smth.
erziehen A. | zu D. bring up smb. | by someone, somehow, in the spirit of smth.
fehlen D. | an D. to miss | something
Fertig sein mit D. bring to an end, complete smth.
flehen um A. to beg for smth.
fliehen vor D. avoid smb., run away / escape from smb. folgen D. (to) follow somebody/sth., obey somebody/sth.
forschen nach D. investigate smth.
fragen A. | nach D., über A. ask smth., smb. | about smth., smth.
freuen sich auf A. to rejoice in smth. (upcoming)
freuen sich über A. to enjoy smth. (accomplished)
fürchten sich vor D. to fear someone, something.
Gehorchen D. obey smb., obey smb.
gehören zu D. belong to smb., (to) smb.
gelten als N. / für A.
genießen A. enjoy smth.
gewöhnen sich an A. get used to smth., smb.
glauben an A. believe in smth.
gleichen D. to be like someone/something. similar/equal to someone/something.
gratulieren D. | zu D. congratulate smb. | with smth.
greifen A. | nach D. grab smb. | for smth.
grenzen an A. border on smth.
Halten A. | für A. to accept, to consider smb. | for someone, for someone
halten auf A. give meaning to smth.
halten von D. to be some opinions about someone / something; respect someone.
halten sich an A. stick to smth.
handeln mit D. trade smth., with smb.
handeln sich um A. to say, we are talking about smth., smth.
helfen D. | bei D. help smb. | in smth.
hindern A. | an D. hinder smb. | in smth.
hinweisen auf A. point to smth.
hoffen auf A. to hope for smth., smb.
Informieren über A. inform smth., inform about smth.
informieren sich über A. collect information, inquire about smth.; find out, find out.
interessieren sich für A. to be interested in smth.
Jagen nach D. to chase, hunt for smth., smth.
jammern über A., um A. mourn smb.
Kämpfen für/um A. to fight for smth., someone.
kämpfen gegen A. fight against someone/sth., against someone/sth.
kennen lernen A. (by) getting to know smb.
klagen über A. to complain about smth., smth.
kleben an D
kneifen in A. to pinch for smth.
konzentrieren sich auf A. concentrate on, (c) concentrate on smth., smth. kümmern sich um A. to take care of, worry about smth., smth.
kündigen D. to fire smb.
Lachen über A. to laugh at smth., smth.
lassen von D. to refuse someone, something.
lauern auf A. to wait, wait for someone.
lehnen sich an/gegen A. to lean against smth.
leiden an/unter D. to suffer from smth., from smth.
leiten A. to manage smth., smth.
liegen an D. depend on smth., be determined by smth.
Mahnen A. | an A. remind smb. | about smth.
mangeln an D. to miss smth.
Nachdenken über A. to think, think about smth., smth.
nachfolgen D. (to) follow smb., smb.
nachgehen D. follow smb., sth.
nagen an D. gnaw on smth.
nähern sich D. to approach smth.
nehman A. | D. take, take, take smth. | from someone, something
Passieren D. happen to someone/sth., from someone/sth.
profitieren von D. profit from smth., take advantage of smth.
Rachen an D | fur A. take revenge on smb. | for smth.
rechnen auf A. count on smb., smb.
rechnen mit D. to reckon with smth.; take into account, take into account
reden von D. / über A. talk about smth, smth.
richten sich an A. to address smb.
richten sich nach D. be guided by smth., follow smth.
riechen nach D. smell like smth.
rühren an D. to touch smth., to touch smth. schelten auf A. scold, curse someone.
Schießen auf A. / nach D. to shoot at smb., at smb.
schimpfen auf/über A. scold, scold someone.
schimpfen mit D. to swear at smb.
schmecken nach D. to taste smth.
schreiben mit D | an A. write with smth. | to smb.
schuld sein an D. to be guilty of smth.
schützen vor D. to protect, protect from smb., sth.
schwärmen von D. dream of smb.
schweigen von D. keep quiet about smth.
sehnen sich nach D. yearn for smth., smth.
siegen über A. to beat somebody/sth., to beat somebody.
sorgen für A. take care of smb., smb.
spielen A. to play smth., on smth.
spielen um A. play smth., bet smth. on the line
sprechen mit D. | über A./von D. talk to smb. | about smth., smth.
staunen über A to be surprised at smth.
sterben an D. die from smth.
stimmen fur A. | gegen A. to vote for smth., smth. | against someone, something
stolz sein auf A. be proud of smth., smb.
stören A. disturb smb., bother smb.
stoßen auf A. to run into smth., to run into smth.
streben nach D. strive for smth.
streiten mit D. | über/um A. to argue, quarrel with smb. | about smth., because of smth.
Tasten nach D. to feel smth.
taugen zu D. fit for smth.
teilnehmen an D. to take part in smth.
träumen von D. to dream of smth.
trinken auf A. (you) to drink to smb., smb.
übelnehmen A. | D. take offense at smth. | on someone
überlegen sein an D. to excel in smth.
überreden A. | zu D. to persuade, to beg, to persuade smb. | about smth., on smth.
Übersetzen über A. to transport, transport; step over; switch something.
übersetzen aus D. | in A. translate from some language | on some language
überzeugen sich von D. to make sure of smth.
unterhalten sich mit D. | über A. to talk, talk to smb. | about smth., smth. verabschieden sich von D. say goodbye to smb.
Verbeugen D. prevent smth.
verdammen zu D. to condemn to smth., to sentence to smth.
verfallen D. to be doomed to smth.
verfügen über A. to dispose, dispose of smth.
vergewissern G, über A. to convince of smth.
verheiraten mit D. marry smb.
verlangen von D. | nach D. demand from smb. | something
verlassen sich auf A. rely on smth., someone.
versichern G. to assure smth.
verspäten sich zu D. to be late for smth., for smth.
verstoßen gegen A. to break smth., to sin against smth.
vertrauen auf A. to trust smth., smb.
verzichten auf A. to refuse smth. ; donate, donate.
verzweifeln an D. to despair of smth.
vorbeifahren an D. to pass smb.
vorbeigehen an D. pass by smth.
vorbeikommen bei D. to drop in, drop in (on the way) to smb.
vorbereiten sich auf A. prepare for smth.
vorbeugen D. prevent, warn smth.
vorwerfen A. | D. rebuke smb. | in smth.
Wachen über A. to keep an eye on someone or something.
wählen zu D. to elect smb.
warne A. | an/vor D. to warn, to warn smb. | about smth., from smth.
warten auf A. to wait for smb., sth.
wenden sich an A. to address smb.
werden zu D. to turn into smb., into sth.
wetten um A. argue, bet on smth.
wissen von D. to know about smth.
wundern sich über A. to be surprised at smth.
Zeugen von D. testify to smth.
zielen nach D. aim at smb., at smb.
zugehen auf A. to approach smb.; get in touch with, get in touch with.
zuhören D. listen to smth., smb.
zureden D. to persuade smb.
zürnen D. get angry at smb., sth.
zusehen D. look at smb., sth.
zustimmen D. agree with smth., smth.
zustoßen D. happen to smb., sth.
zweifeln an D. to doubt smth., to question smth.
Here is a list of the most important German verbs that students find difficult to manage. Relatively rare verbs are typed in small print.
The abbreviation "-l." means "-or". Optional elements are enclosed in brackets. Valid equivalent options are separated by a forward slash (/). If the same verb is able to control two prepositions at the same time, then the latter are delimited by a vertical line (|).
| Danken D. | fur A. | thank someone | for smth. |
| denken an A. | think about smth., smth. |
| deuten auf A. | indicate, hint on smth.; foretell, promise smth. |
| diskoutieren Uber A. | debate about smth., discuss smth. |
| eingehen auf A. | agree to go on smth. |
| einigen sich auf/uber A. | agree (between) smth., reach an agreement about smth., converge on smth. |
| einkehren bei D. | drive in, drive in, turn around to smb. |
| einladen A. | zu D. | invite someone | on smth. |
| einreden auf A. | persuade, convince someone |
| entgehen D. | slip away, run away from someone, something |
| enthalten sich G. | refrain from smth. |
| entkommen D. | avoid something, pass smth. |
| entlaufen D. | run away from someone, something |
| entnehmen D. | (by) borrow from someone, from something |
| entscheiden sich fur A. | make up your mind on smth. |
| entschließen sich zu D. | make up your mind on smth. |
| entschuldigen sich bei D. | gegen G. / fur A. | apologize in front of smb. | for smth. |
| entsetzen A. | G. | shift someone | from some post, some positions |
| entsinnen sich G. | recall about smth. |
| entziehen A. | D. | take away someone, something | from someone |
| erfahren durch D. | Uber A. | to know from someone | about smth. |
| erinnern sich an A. | recall about smth., smth. |
| erkennen A. | an D. | to know, to recognize someone, something | for smth. |
| erkranken an D. | get sick smth. |
| erkundigen sich bei D. | nach D. | inquire, inquire from someone, somewhere | about smth., smth. |
| ernahren sich von D. | eat, subsist, feed oneself smth. |
| ernennen A. | zu D. | appoint someone | by someone, to some job title |
| erreichen A. | achieve something |
| erschrecken vor D. | get scared something, someone |
| erzahlen D. | von D. | tell to smb. | about smth. |
| erziehen A. | zu D. | bring up someone | by someone, somehow, in the spirit of smth. |
| fehlen D. | an D. | miss, lack to smb. | something |
| fertig sein mit D. | bring to an end, complete smth. |
| fleshen um A. | beg about smth. |
| fliehen vor D. | avoid someone, run away / escape from someone |
| foil D. | (by) follow for somebody/something, obey to whom/something |
| forschen nach D. | research smth. |
| fragen A. | nach D., uber A. | ask something, somebody | about smth., smth. |
| freuen sich auf A. | rejoice something (upcoming) |
| freuen sich Uber A. | rejoice something (accomplished) |
| furchten sich vor D. | fear someone, something |
| georchen D. | listen someone, obey to smb. |
| gehoren zu D. | belong to someone, (to) something |
| gelten als N. / fur A. | reckon, reckon by someone, have a reputation someone |
| geniessen A. | enjoy smth. |
| gewohnen sich an A. | get used to to something, to someone |
| glauben an A. | believe into smth. |
| gleichen D. | be like on someone/something, similar/equal to whom/something |
| gratulieren D. | zu D. | congratulate someone | with smth. |
| greifen A. | nach D. | grab someone | for smth. |
| grenzen an A. | border with smth. |
| halten A. | fur A. | accept, count someone | for someone, for someone |
| halten auf A. | attach importance something |
| halten von D. | to be some opinions about someone/something; respect someone |
| halten sich an A. | stick to something |
| handeln mit D. | trade with smth., with someone. |
| handeln sich um A. | say, we are talking about smth., smth. |
| helfen D. | bei D. | to help to smb. | in smth. |
| hidern A. | an D. | hinder to smb. | in smth. |
| hinweisen auf A. | indicate on smth. |
| hoffen auf A. | hope on smth., someone |
Oh, those tailed German verbs! Why tailed? Yes, because some verbs require a certain preposition after themselves. Sometimes for a Russian-speaking person, the choice of one or another preposition in the management of German verbs seems simply illogical. Therefore, you need to memorize such combinations by heart.
The management of German verbs is actually a very broad topic. Some verbs do not require a preposition after themselves, but the correct use of the case. We'll talk about such verbs some other time, but today - those words that pull prepositions along with them.
In today's selection you will find 60 of the most important verbs of this type. I decided to divide them into groups. In the tables I have prepared, you will find lists of these verbs, and below are examples of their use.
Management of German verbs: verb + preposition
In the table you will find lists of verbs: A - standing after the preposition means that the word following it should be used in the accusative, D - in the dative.
In the examples given, the verb and its tail are highlighted in orange.
Office of German Verbs: Verb + auf
Achte auf die rote Ampel!- Pay attention to the red traffic light!
Die Mutter muss auf ihre Kinder aufpassen. “A mother must look after her children.
Wir freuen uns alle auf den Urlaub. We all enjoy vacation.
Sie hoffen auf eine Lösung. She is hoping for a solution.
Ich muss mich jetzt auf die Arbeit konzentrieren. I have to concentrate on work.
Wartet nicht auf mich! - Don't wait for me!
Verb + fur
Ich danke Dir fur deine Hilfe.– Thank you for your help.
Wir haben uns für einen Kredit bei der Sparkasse entschieden.- We decided on a loan from the Sparkassa bank.
Bernd entschuldigt sich fur die Verspätung. Bernd apologizes for being late.
Mia interessiert sich für Pferde. Mia is interested in horses.
Die Mutter kann gut für ihre Kinder sorgen . A mother can take good care of her children.
Office of German Verbs: Verb + nach
Die Nachbarin hat nach dirgefragt. The neighbor asked about you.
Meine Oma riecht immer nach Kuchen. My grandmother always smells like pies.
Das Schmeckt nach Schokolade.- It tastes like chocolate.
Sie sehnt sich nach Ruhe. She longs for silence.
+an verb
Ich arbeite an einem neuen Buch.– I am working on a book.
Ich habe den ganzen Tag an dich gedacht. “I've been thinking about you all day.
Ich glaube, sie erinnert sich nicht mehr an mich.“I don't think she remembers me anymore.
Wir haben uns an das neue Auto bereits gewöhnt . We are used to our new car.
Sie glauben an die Wirkung von Edelsteinen. “They believe in the action of noble stones.
Sie begannen, am System zu zweifeln.“They were beginning to question the system.
Der Sportler nimmt an der Olympiade teil.- The athlete takes part in the Olympics.
Office of German Verbs: Verb +über
Ich ärgere mich über das schlechte Wetter.- I'm angry about bad weather
Der Vater beschwert sich über die Kinder. The father complains about the children.
Sie freuen sich sehr über die Geschenke. They are very happy with gifts.
Keiner hat über den Witzgelacht. Nobody laughed at the joke.
Wir müssen uns über die Details informieren .“We must inquire about the details.
Man kann sich nurüber das Wetter wundern .- One can only be surprised by the weather.
And now the next table, and below it - examples with each of the indicated verbs.
Verb + von
Unsere Wanderung hängt vom Wetter ab. Our walk depends on the weather.
Sie muss sich von der Last befreien.“She needs to get rid of the burden.
Wir haben ihr von dem Haus erzählt. We told her about the house.
Sie träumt von der grossen Reise. She dreams of a big trip.
Wir verabschieden uns von Ihnen. - We said goodbye to them.
Office of German Verbs: Verb + mit
Sie hat mit dem Klavierunterrichtangefangen. She started the piano lesson.
Du must mit dem Rauchenaufhoren. You must stop smoking.
Wir beginnen mit den Vokabeln. We start with words.
Ich beschäftige mich mit den Verben.- I do verbs.
Bist du mit der Entscheidung einverstanden?– Do you agree with this decision?
Man kann Äpfel nicht mit Birnen vergleichen .- Do not compare an apple with a pear.
Verb + um
Ich bitte dich um Entschuldigung.“I ask your forgiveness.
Das Tierheim kümmert sich um viele Tiere.“The animal care facility takes care of many animals.
Der Arzt sorgt sich um die Gesundheit. The doctor is worried about health.
Wir haben uns um das letzte Stück Kuchen gestritten . We argued over the last piece of the pie.
Verb + zu
Tom hat mich gestern zum Essen eingeladen. - Tom invited me to dinner yesterday.
Das führte zu einem heftigen Streit. This led to a big fight.
Anna gehort auch zu unserer Gruppe. Anna is also part of our group.
Die Hose passt gut zu deinem Pullover.- The trousers go well with the jacket.
Verb+vor
Sonnencremes schützen vor Sonnenbrand. Sunscreens protect against sunburn.
Niemand hat vor den Risiken gewarnt. “No one is warned against difficulties.
Ererschrak vor dem Gespenst. He was afraid of a ghost.
Management of German verbs: Verb + aus
And one more verb that was not included in any of the tables is the verb: bestehen + aus + D - consist of ...
Die Gruppe besteht aus vier Personen. – The group consists of 4 people.
A decent number of German verbs, depending on the context, require different prepositions, and sometimes the same preposition, but different cases after it. For example, the verb schreiben.
schreiben an + A- write for someone
Ich schreibe einen Brief an sie. I am writing a letter to her.
schreiben an + D- write somewhere or something
Der Autor schreibt an einem neuen Roman. The author is writing a novel. (literally: he writes in a novel).
Well, logical for Russian speakers schreibenüber + A- write about something. Comments are not required here.
The list of verbs I have given is, of course, not all tailed German verbs. This is just the tip of the iceberg; there are actually many more. But what you see in the tables is a summary of the most important ones that should be memorized in the best possible way. Same as the previous one
And for those who want to continue learning German, it is worth finding and writing down all the other verbs and the train coming from them. And, of course, practice and practice using them.
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