The real story of Hugh Glass - a man who managed to survive in a fight with a bear. "Survivor": the real story of Hugo Glass

I want to tell about American pioneer, Hugh Glasse

It was born around 1783 in Philadelphia (Pennsylvania), in the family of Irish immigrants. With youthful years, thirsty of the wanderings, he became a sailor. Once, his vessel was captured by the famous French pirate Jean Lafitis, who at that time robbed ships in the Gulf of Mexico. Glass had to stay in the crew of the pirate vessel. After 2 years he managed to escape, and he woven to the shore (2 miles) and went through the wild territory. Poweny Indians took it in captivity, but subsequently accepted into their tribe. Hugh Glass even married Indian. A few years later, Chalks went to St. Louis along with the delegation of the Indians. There he remained, deciding not to return to the tribe.

In 1822, the Glass joined the detachment of General William Ashley, who founded the fur campaign of the rocky mountains in St. Louis. The general scored a detachment out of 100 young people to travel up on the Missouri River and studying her origins, well, for the billet, the Ferns. Saint-Luis newspapers wrote like this: "... 100 enterprising young people are required ... walk to the origins of Missouri ... Employment - two, three, or four years." The detachment entered into a detachment, among the times of the swamp traps and merchants, among them were Jim Bridge, Major Andrew Henry, Jededaya Smith, William Sablett, Thomas Fitzpatrick. The detachment was subsequently called the name "hundred Ashley"

The detachment made a campaign at the beginning of 1823. During the campaign, they ran into the Indians, as a result of which several participants in the campaign were killed, and the Glass was wounded in his leg. General Ashley caused reinforcement, as a result of which the Indians were broken. 14 people were separated from the main detachment (among them was Hugh Glass), headed by Major Henry, who decided to follow their own route. It was planned to climb up the Grand River River and then turn to the north to the mouth of Yellowstone, where Fort Henry was located.

A few days later, the detachment of Henry approached the fork of Grand River. Glass went to gain berries, however, in the thickets, the Grizzlyley was confronted. The bear was with two cubs and fiercely attacked the hunter. Glass did not have time to shoot and he had to defend one knife. Comrades who came-off on his cry were killed by the Medveditsa, but Glass got very serious injured and was unconscious. Hugh Glass was broken by a leg, a bear left on his body deep wounds from claws - Röbra was visible on his back. The satellites considered that a person with such wounds would inevitably die. Therefore, it was decided to leave.
The leader of the detachment of Major Henry left two people with the eyes, giving them an instruction to bury him, after he gave God to God, and he himself continued with the main detachment. John Fitzgerald and Jim Bridge stayed with unconscious Hugh Glass. They dug the grave and began to wait for his death. Five days later, Fitzgerald, fearing that they could be found by Arikar, convinced the young Bridge to leave the chapter and set off after Major Henry. They took the weapons and the meaning of the Glass, believing that he would still not need to be needed. Returning to the detachment they reported that Hugh Glass died.

However, he survived.
Come into consciousness, he discovered that he was completely alone, without supplies, water and weapons. Nearby was only freshly cooled with the grizzly of the skin, which Fizherald and Bridge covered it. He covered his back with a skin, allowing larvae from the untreated skins to clear their bent wounds.

The nearest settlement, to which the squad was twisted - Fort Kayov, was 200 miles (about 320 km).
Hugh Glass did this way for almost 2 months.

On the map it looked something like this:

Most of the distance Clear. Here he was very useful to survival skills acquired during life in the Indian tribe. It was fed mainly by berries and roots. Once he managed to drive two wolves from the carcass of the dead bison and the meat.

Hugh Glass recovered for a long time. Having recovered, he decided to take revenge on John Fitzgerald and Jim Bridge. However, having learned that the bridge recently married, the challenge forgave the newlywed. Fitzheralda went to the soldiers, so and then I had to forget about revenge, since the murder of the United States Army soldier at that time meant the death sentence.

Having survived even a lot of adventures, Hugh Glass was killed together with two other hunters in the winter of 1833 on the Yellowstone River as a result of the attack of the Indians.

In honor of Hugh Glass near the city of Lemmon, a memorial sign was established.

The inscription on it says:

"Hugh Glass, a member of the Ashley fur campaign group, under the leadership of Major Henry, participated in a hike in the Great River in August 1823, separated during the hunt was attacked by the Grizzly bear near the Great River Bear. He was terribly crippled and could not move. Two people Fitzzherald and Bridge were left with him, but they, considering that he was dead, took his gun and savings and left him. He, however, did not die, but crawled forward. Hugh managed to lasted on seasonal fruits and meat, which I was able to drive a few twisted wolves from the bankniced by them of Bizon, and in an incredible way to the hardest route came out near Fort Cayow, below Big Benda, which was in 190 miles of a bird'scape from the Elevation of the Great River. All of the above is a reliable history. He was killed by Arikar Indians on The ice of the Yellowstone River near the channel Big Horn in the winter of 1832-33. John G. Nickhart in the epic poem "Song about Hugh Glasa" did not mercy his name. Lonely, naked, scary Wound, he moved at night, along high hills to avoid meeting with the Indians, and in the afternoon I was looking for water and refuge. Guided only by its instincts, successfully reached Big Benda and Fort Kayov. Whatever the details, it was a wonderful sample of endurance and courage. "

In general, writing a great film "Man of Wild Prairies", filmed in 1971 by Richard S. Sarafian.

Hugh Glass played the famous actor Richard Harris. One of his last works is the role of Emperor Aurelia in the film "Gladiator".
The film struck me primarily with the filming of wildlife. Majestic snow-covered forests and spurs of the mountains. The most powerful exposure picture. The Great Power of the Spirit of People who subcrewed the West. Excellent actors. In addition to Harris in the film, John Houston also plays, who received Oscar as a director for the film "Treasures of Sierra Madre". The scene of the challenge of their companions is particularly strongly strong.

Another moment.
In the multi-user role-playing online game World of Warcraft, developed by Blizzard Entertainment, there is a Hugh Glass Character :) Here is such an easter

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Elizabeth Buta
Surviving Hugh Glass. Real History

* * *

Who broke life was, he will achieve

Salt powder, eating above appreciates honey,

Who is the tears of Lil, that sincere laughs,

Who died, he knows what lives.

Omar Khayam

Prologue

1859 year. Valley Napa

In the last days of summer, Valley Napa was literally permeated by the sun. Every square centimeter of the endless possessions of George Yunta was grained in pre-ordinary rays. The air was filled with alive and somehow melancholic sounds. It seemed that with the onset of the evening, everything here is immersed in a light drema, a systematic flowing in deep sleep. Somewhere in the distance rumbled a newly built mill, unhappy cries of hired workers were heard, the endless plantations of the aging grape were visible. Recently, UNFT has finished the construction of its own winery. This year he planned to make his first batch of wine.

The valley was safely bypassed the gold fever, and and the traps 1
Trapper ( english. Trap - "Trap") - Hunter on fur animals in North America.

Hunters on the fur beast, there was nothing to do here. More precisely, ten years ago, a palelitsa man could not be found here. And with red, too, the collision seemed unlikely. Deserted, but the fertile land of the Valley Napa belonged to Mexico. When George UNDE decided that he had enough adventure on his age, he remembered his long-time connections and turned for help to an old friend. He helped him get sixteen and a half acres to anyone not the necessary land. So George South became the first official settler of Napa Valley. Of course, people already lived here, but there were so few of them that the UNTH could consider himself a conqueror of endless expanses. Injustiblely quickly aged friends-lads, adventure hunters, whose golden century ended many years ago, disapprovingly reacted to the decision of the UNTA to become a farmer. However, everyone has his own way, and not to judge the UNTA. In the end, even the legendary John Colter returned to St. Louis, married and became the most ordinary farmer. True, it was enough for just a few years. Increasing and hard life quickly killed the legendary trapper. Literally three years after the departure, the crutter fell ill and died somewhere near New Havena.

George UNT for so long was engaged in the construction of the farm, which did not even notice how many years of his life passed. Not the most, you must admit disgusting. He was rightly considered here the most respected man in the city, or rather, in a small settlement, well, yes it is not so important. He loved to spend in the small terrace of his house. Old friends, locals, heads of administrations from neighboring settlements and young adventurers came to him. The latter were here mainly in search of overnight. UNTA ranch was open to everyone who needed it. The only condition of George Yuntu was these evening gatherings on the terrace of his houses in the Napa Valley. Here, together with the guest, they opened the tube along the old trapping habit, and the UNT started his endless stories. The narrator he was excellent, so guests gladly listened to the history of half a century ago. Percent of fifty they were complete fiction, but exactly the same as they were true. Now, contemplating surprisingly calm, filled with an infinitely joyful sun, all stories about the legendary traps and great expeditions seemed even excessive realistic. Even if all this was not in fact, all these legends would simply need to come up with such solar and quiet evenings of the last days of summer.

In that aflue 1859th, the famous writer and an equally famous seeker of adventure named Henry Dana decided to buy a famous writer. It was a thin gloomy man a little forty with a very difficult look. He wore long hair, has always been dressed in a rigorous suit, to which the bowler was hidden by the guise. In it, it was hardly possible to see that a completely insane guy who threw his studies at a prestigious university for the sake of service with a sailor at a commercial ship. Nevertheless, it was not adapted to a quiet and measured life. Henry is given for many years as he was a fairly successful politician in Massachusetts. In California, he arrived in connection with some kind of affairs. We conferring that the legendary George UNT lives here, nice his stories about the traps, Dana decided for some time to hide at the UNTA Ranch. All these stories could easily compile not one book.

- Have you ever heard of a man with bare hands killed a bear? - inquired by the evening Henry Dana. They sat on the terrace, George's wife brought them a young, even too young wine, and the conversation smoothly switched to the times of the long-lasting.

"I even know a couple of such brands," George crushed, "Missouri's shores are full of grizzly. Almost every trapper came across them, though, most often the duel ended, and without starting. If the bear still attacked, the result was easy to predict, but sometimes we came across. Jeddedaya Smith, one of the hundreds of Ashley, killed a bear, Hugh Glass ...

- I read about the man who killed the bear with one knife. He was found dead and left, and he suggested three hundred kilometers and still survived. - Henry Dana even a little leaned forward from burning his curiosity. That story he read in one of the magazines. She was published a journalist, a collector of stories, another 1820. And the author of the article was not at all interested in the person who won the Grizzly Medolueditsa. The journalist then did not even mention him, limited himself only by the description of the fight itself. Henry is given that history I remembered for life, but did not even hope to learn the details of the life of that person.

"His name was Hugh Glass," George South nodded slowly. - amazing honesty person. Do you know how sangs about him? Born running. His story began long before the fight with the Bear.

1823 year

It is difficult to die only for the first time. Then it turns into the game. Fate loves when a person who throws her a challenge. She always takes a fight. She likes to observe with interest as a person is trying to fool her. This has not yet been able to anyone, but sometimes, very rarely, fate will leave before the crazy, desperately trying to overtake it on the turn.

To which the local forests have become accustomed. Yet these predators differed from the Indians. They were much more dangerous and mercileous. Their weapons were able to destroy any beast in just a moment.

Hugh Glass with horror peered into the brilliant, black eyes of the Medolon. Grizzly with no less horror watched the creature. This continued one, very long instant. Then Polyana poisoned the monstrous cry of Hugh Glass. This voice literally destroyed the rumor of the unfortunate animal. All instincts begged her to run from here. Here in the field of view, a small, one-year-old bear was hit. The second is carelessly painted in the direction of an incomprehensible being, circulated by the skins of local animals. The instincts of the bear instantly changed their decision. She must protect their children, so it is impossible to run. An animal with no smaller rustling was buried.

Hugh Glass knew well that when meeting with a bear in the forest it is important to scare the animal. This is the only chance to save. That's just this time this reception did not work. Creek, beyond any doubt, frightened grizzly, but she was not going to run away. Two year old bear was deprived of her such opportunity. One of the most dangerous and unpredictable animals in the world took his challenge. He saw it in the brilliant black eyes of Grizzly. Just a couple of seconds to recharge the gun. He was an excellent hunter, so there was no problem. As soon as the Medveditsa made the first, careful step towards Hugh, he fired. He rang out deaf, barely distinguishable on the background of Kakophony Creek Sound. Misfire.

Two men ran into the glade. They came running to heartbreaking cries that came from the glade. One was a little older. At his face, no indifferent dislikes for what is happening. The second is a very happy boy with swollen hair.

These two did not cause fears from the bear. They did not shout. The bear must noticeably bent and put the chapter in one jump. Perepper managed to get his last hope for battle. It is not scary to die if you know that the last moments of your life will be held in battle. Glass managed to stick his hunting knife in the chest of the animal. The bear roared from pain. From somewhere on the outside, cotton rang out. He did not even have time to understand that these were shots. All his consciousness absorbed the gigantic meal of the bear with nude fades.

The bullet, who fell into the goal, did not leave the bent of the chance of life. In her arsenal only a few moments of agony remained. In a vain rage, she collected, leaving her strength, and hit the most dangerous of predators in the glade. Her claws spent over the entire right side of the body of the Glass. Behind claws remained deep furrows, from which blood flowed. Dying, the Medvedian was still able to negotiate at least one of the stems in the meadow. It left the chance of life to her children.

In an instant, everything was amended. The last time the last time issued a hoarse roar and exhaled. She lost, just as all living creatures in the world once losing, just as Hugh Glass losing. This is the last minutes of his life. He was aware of it.

As soon as the animal stopped submitting signs of life, two lathes rushed to paint a giant carcass. Hugh Glass welcomed his agony. Before his eyes suddenly turned out to be Jim Bridge. The boy who became his son for those few months that they were familiar. Polyana poured a midday sun. Glass did not feel pain, but the fear of unknown was still splashing in his eyes, gradually he was replaced by humility. In the end, he lived an interesting life. So ... why not?

Part one. Pirate

Chapter 1. Childhood. Philadelphia

Hugh Glass fought with a bear at the age of thirty six years old. Who would have thought that the boy who was prepared quite quiet, no remarkable life, turn into a desperate seeker of adventure, traps, the greatest of the Mountinmen? 3
Mountinmen, Mountain People, Highlanders ( english Mountain, Men) - hunters, pioneers and merchants of furs in the Wild West of the United States, rushing to the area of \u200b\u200bthe Rocky Mountains in search of a valuable fret at the beginning of the XIX century.

No one except the Hugo Glass.

Philadelphia 1780-90s was one of the largest cities in the United States. From 1775 to 1783, this city served the capital of the United Colonies, and a little later, in 1790, he became the temporary capital of the newly formed state. The largest trading port located in the zone unusually flat for this area has become a refuge of emigrants from all over the old world. The city literally eating merchants, fraudsters, gangsters, pirates, businessmen, aristocrats and adventure seekers.

Here in 1783 in the family of Irish emigrants who fled from annoying creditors, Hugh Glass was born. One of five children in the family. From the birth of a hard teenager who received a storm.

The Glass family in Ireland was famous for its weapons. They produced the best rifles in the country, lungs and durable, they were very rarely given ones. Nevertheless, life played with them a bad joke. History It remains unknown, how the Glass family suddenly broke out overnight. The output remained only one. Run from the island. Fresh. Desirable for the ocean. They rumored that there, in North America, people, almost having taken away from the ships, receive a fortune. And the glasses was vital for a second chance, at least the minimum opportunity to start everything from scratch.

Philadelphia generously gave them such an opportunity. Multi-month swimming in the truma of the ship gave the family hard. Chances to survive in such a journey is no more than win in Russian roulette. Glass family managed to avoid serious losses.

At the dawn of the United States of America, the Glass family settled in one of the most prestigious areas of the largest city. Literally in a couple of years, the father of the family managed to braid a small state and open a shop selling a variety of diverse.

Hugo Glass from the first years of life began to surprise her parents. Smart, intelligent boy, he from birth was fascinated by sea business. At first, the parents of the boy did not pay attention, but the older Hugh became, the more often it could be found on the banks of the Schuykill River, the largest tributary of the Delaware River.

From time to time, a family friend came to them, according to another version - a distant relative, engaged in maritime trade. Every time, turning to be in Philadelphia, he certainly stopped at the eyes. Of course, he brought with him many different gifts, but the most important advantage of his appearance was endless stories about the distant shores and incomprehensible customs of other countries. And once he gave Hugh the very good advice, at which he, however, at first did not pay any attention. What to take from a five-year-old boy? Remembered the words of a family friend a couple of days later. Together with her parents, they went outside the city. While parents argued about something passionately, Hugh decided to walk along a small path. Very soon he is finally and irrevocably lost. For a five-year-old child, the forest instantly turned into a gloomy and terrible enemy, who wants to delete it. I wanted to escape, but where?

- Sooner or later, all the roads lead to people, Hugh. Here the main thing is just to find the road, "a family friend said a couple of days ago, whose name of the story remains unknown. Hugh stood on the road, but where exactly to go, he did not know. Deciding that the main thing is to just go ahead, he continued his first great journey. Five hours later, the family's word was confirmed. Hugh came out to some small village consisting of several houses. Here he was noticed and took to their relatives. It turned out that they are not so far away, just the path did too big hook.

In matters of study, Hugh showed himself a very rapid child. He flatly refused to study theology, which literally dismissed the teachers of the Sunday School. Unloved objects, the boy also took the spelling and learning languages. But mathematics and cartography he studied with her great pleasure. Discipline chrome on both legs. Hugh constantly ran out of the house, categorically did not want to perform homework and listened to the horror in his eyes that he was intended to give the gunsmith into teaching. In fact, the post is no better than a slave, and for many years, if not for life.

So lasted a little more than a year. Everything has changed when Hugh turned thirteen. That year his mother fell ill. The cholera epidemic took a lot of lives. Mom Hugh was tormented for several weeks. Singing the rapid end, she called Hugh and choking from excessive tension, gave life facilities.

"Study theology, pray, help your father ..." she asked quietly. On the face of the boy did not read anything other than despair because of the impossibility at least somehow help. The woman pointed to the ancient music box, which was standing near her bed, and asked to take her to himself. To Hugh did not forget about his roots. The next day, a woman fell into unconsciousness.

Fever lasted for three days, and on the fourth day she died. Everyone who ever loved Hugh Glass was dying or betrayed him. His road seemed to never lead to people. The case in the forest is only an exception confirming the rule. The father began to take a bottle in his hands, family's income declined sharply, Hugh became often picking.

That day, when his mother was not, forever changed the world Hugh Glass. It seemed that someone reloaded a gun and pressed on the trigger. There was a deafening explosion, and everything around the cracked caustic smoke. Despite all the shortcomings of black powder, it has a number of undoubted advantages. It instantly flammifies. All his brothers and sisters have almost grown, someone left to learn, one sister has already married. Glass did not hold anything else in Philadelphia. The streets of this city are empty. Almost a third of the city's population suffered from the epidemic, the rest feared to go out into the streets. Houses in which all family members have died, climbed by boards. Sometimes it began to seem that there were simply no sounds in the city, besides this dimensional knock of hammers. To drown out his eyes, opened a presented music box and listened to the motive of an old Irish song.

A couple of months after the death of Mother, the father's father announced:

"I achieved my own, I sold you to the gunsmith," he mumbled the tongue. After that, a man, barely holding back on his legs, passed to peacefully sitting on the stairs Hugh, grabbed him over the collar and threw down. Glass did not have time to group, so just the Kubarem fell to the legs of the gunsmith. Melancholic species Male middle-aged led him in the workshop.

Now almost all twenty-four hours a day he spent in a dirty and dusty basement. The gunsmith had several slaves, but the Glass communicated only with one. The recently purchased black boy of the same age as the Glass, at first, with alertness, he took the appearance of the apprentice. However, soon the position of the Glass cleared here. In fact, he was now the same slave as the black gunsmith servants, like that boy. They moved on the soil of hate to their owner. The main and sole purpose of both was survival. And Hugh here was a certain advantage. He had a family and, even be nominal, but the freedom given to him on the fact of birth.

From day to day, Glass was engaged in cleaning guns, cleaning workshop and other, even more boring classes. The master weapon was not particularly much time to teach the apprentice azam of his art. Yes, and the Glass zeal itself did not show to study. Of course, at first, the arms did not seem to be a fairly interesting occupation, but the closer he got acquainted with the work, the less interest caused a weapon in him. However, he wanted it or not, and in arms he began to understand the cleare of any hunter. Yes, and the own recipe for explosive guns soon appeared. In those days, almost every hunter had its own recipe for the manufacture of black powder. Someone preferred a larger powder, someone special variety of coal, etc.

For some time, the Glass served as an apprentice at the gunsmith. Exactly until the smoke curtain disappeared before the eyes. Once it seemed to everyone that life entered into the previous direction, the challenge saw the goal. And she was by no means to become a gunsmith, like his ancestors from Ireland, this goal was thousands of kilometers from this gloomy basement. Perhaps he could not yet say the exact coordinates of the goal, but one thing was clear: to get closer to the goal, you need to start the path at least.

Together with the black boy-slave Hugh Glaska began to think over a plan of escape. However, they made it for a fifteen minutes, but the question where the head of adolescents were tormented by a long time.

And so in one beautiful morning Hugh Glass woke up with the thought that the exit is only one, and he knows what. In Philadelphia, the family friend just arrived. It remained to find it and ask for help.

"I want to go to serve a ship," he said gloomily and clearly.

Family friend looked attentively at the boy, on the person of which he froned uncharacteristic for such age a decisive expression of the face, and realized that this is not a question and not a request, but a simple state statement.

Leaving Philadelphia, Glass felt that to some extent he betrays a family, but he could no longer be in this dead city.

Chapter 2. Majak

Strictly speaking, about the early years of the life of Hugh Glass practically no reliable information. Some sources claim that he went to the service to the gunsman, after which he escaped and in ten years was on the ship of the famous Pirate of Jean Lafita. Other sources deny the service from the gunsmith, but for a long time they tell how quickly Hugh made himself a seaside career. The majority of the Glass Biographers are not talking about the first thirty-six years of the life of Hugh Glass. His story has long turned into a legend, in which only two facts are reliable: the bear and three hundred kilometers crawl. What led him to the shore of Grand River? Here we can be content with scarce, sometimes little similar to the truth. Such that he often told the first-settlement George UNT on his ranch in Napa Valley.

At the merchant ship Hugh became Jung. There was no one from the old acquaintances of the chapter, even that friend's family on board did not turn out. He decided to stay in the port.

Fifteen-year-old charming knew nothing about the laws of marine life. The first thing he did is put the foot on the column, for which the ship moored. Passing by the sea as if between the case pushed him into the water and went on. Subsequently, it turned out that on the knechta (so called these stands) can never be sitting - so you show disrespect for Bottchman. There are a great set of such and superstitions. For the chapter it was a discovery. Superstition - a lot of impressionable women, but not sailors. Of course, he knew that the sea had his own laws, but did not expect them so much. Moreover, most of them at first seemed strange and even stupid.

- Water is the element, it can not be challenged, you can only hope for good luck. Yes, and on the shore, too, whatever you do, it all depends on good luck, and she does not tolerate negligence and arrogance, "one of the sailors then said to Glass.

All hard teenagers began the beginning of the XIX century sooner or later came to the ship. It was believed that the maritime service quickly knocks out the breathtakes with too arrogant boys. In most cases, they simply did not endure the rigorous orders of life to the sea. Stepping on the shore, they became humble and obedient integrity citizens, who only occasionally harde the long stories about the beautiful and free life at the sea. However, usually lovers to tell such stories have never come up on the ship, even as a passenger.

As well as everyone, Hugh and his friend, whom the captain of the fastening heart also took the service, it seemed that the work on the ship was no more than an adventure. What can be difficult to get from one destination to another? It's not necessary to row, sails themselves will lead to the shore. If you are lucky, you will have to beat the goods from pirates, well, you will have to do something in an emergency when the storm will begin ... In any case, it is only a small part of the journey. The rest of the time can be thoughtfully stand on the deck and look into the distance. It is not worth saying that Hugh became wrong.

Everything on the ship depended on the will of the captain, the first person on the ship. He turned out to be a man harsh and very religious. Herps he had to become him. The sailors already on the second week of the way literally removed from the wolf orders, which the captain installed here.

On the vessel acted several immutable laws, the main of which: always to be in business. The second most important law was the need to be silent during operation. In general, both of these rules in one degree or another acted on all trading and warships. Work deprives a person need to think, and in the sea it is important. Since people do not have the opportunity to go ashore, sooner or later, thoughts acquire a gloomy shade. With such a set, luck will definitely turn away from you, and soon and from the entire crew. She does not like gloomy people. From here, one of the main maritime laws emerged, for the execution of which the captain did not have needs. What would happen to you, should not be treated too seriously. Storm, attack, disease, death ... Yes, anything. Gloomy thoughts attract failures, and this reduces the chances to survive not only a person, but also the whole team. Whatever happens, first of all it was necessary to find a way to wrap everything in a joke.

The ship's team consisted mainly of young people and hot-tempered people. In a closed space, it inevitably led to mutual irritation, smoothly flowing into the clashes, fights and riots. From here, another rule flowed: be silent at work. The less you chat, the less reasons for conflicts.

The work has never ended. ONLY ONLY Verification of rigging, gear and culkin 4
Cleeling is a special type of rigging work, consisting in the following: on a trounted and pumping cable are put on a cylinder (old canvas, sliced \u200b\u200bby long narrow strips) on the cutting of the cable so that each step is overlapped with the next one.

They held the entire team for many months, not to mention the watch that every sailor was to carry daily.

Hugh a day after day he was engaged in clinking and the manufacture of so-called "thin ends", a land rope. From the old cables and other Rukhlyadi to weave the suitable for use of the Shkimushgar, benzelny and traps lines and marlini.

So the day after day. Only on Sundays, the team was freed from most of the work. On this day, the sailors studied the Holy Scripture, they wanted it or not. Every minute of life should be busy business, since it is customary to give people a day off, so let them spend it with benefit to work.

Gradually, Glass began to show more and more interest in study. A couple of stops in unfamiliar ports very much intelligibly explained the value of knowledge. Languages, mathematics, cartography, astronomy - all these sciences were simply needed by the sailor. Not all team members understood this, but Glass quickly understood that the information, knowledge and intellect is the most valuable product, which can only be transported.

The law of silence, almost immutable, the challenge transfers the easiest of all the others. He had no need to talk to people. He preferred to contact people only in the case. This is a good quality for a sailor played with him a keen joke. On the one hand, for its relativeness and sharpness, he received respect for the team, on the other hand, it turned out to be completely not adapted to the study of languages. The fast and chain mind literally refused to memorize all these completely illogical laws of other languages. Some knowledge is lighter, some are harder, but sooner or later everyone is mastering the necessary minimum.

Very soon glasses learned the basics of cartography, mathematics and astronomy. Mathematics and cartography were especially useful. In any port, a person who can read well and draw a map of the terrain, it was easy to find a part-time job. A couple-triple of extra dollars per day or two were a good help of ten dollars a month on the ship.

The beginners are good luck. The first few raids passed quite calmly. Glass quickly mastered, began to enjoy respect from the team. Thanks to his invaluable knowledge, the level of respect for the comrades and jumped to heaven at all. Glass began to seem that life on the sea is strictly ordered, systematized and deprived of any surprises. In part, it is so, but not always.

They had a long sailing, so from the port they came out loaded under the urban. In addition to the goods, the vessel was literally clogged with food prepared at the time of travel. The diet did not differ in a special diversity, but to maintain a combat spirit, a lot of calorie food was required. And yet, to cross the ocean, a little more was required. Swimming was nearing an end. The team was completely exhausted and embittered. The edible reserves were on the outcome, therefore, the already modest diet Cocked twice. Optimism did not add anyone. Moreover, everyone began suspecting each other in theft. The first, of course, began to suspect Coca and his assistant, but very soon irritation and suspicion spread on all team members. It began to seem that someone gives the lads more, someone unfairly deprived and so on. In addition to all of the Solonin, the main dish on the ship, although the calorie food, was not able to replace vegetables and fruits. From a lack of vitamins and a common weakening, a good half of the crew dumped the qing. People began to die. In sequence.

The ocean generously accepted everyone. When the body wrapped in the canasina, descended into the water, the marine paunch with a barely heard hiss taken it into his arms. With this easy hiss against the background of the general dimensional buzz of the ocean waves, as if reminded of the insignificance of human life. Not only the body disappeared, but also the memory of a person. One of the main rules: not allowing gloomy thoughts on the ship, whatever happened. Everyone tried not to speak and do not think about the gone comrades, that a few more people are so bad that they just lie down at the bottom and wait for their own hours. Many by that time so weakened that they did not get up.

Against the background of hunger and diseases, several storms and a pair of pirate ships on the horizon were not even considered. It was in the order of things, in any swimming happens. If it is fairly honest, then almost any long-term swimming helped with himself a life of not one and not two team members, and hunger was also far from uncommon. Sometimes more, sometimes less. All the will of God. At the very least, the captain believed, a very religious person for his profession.

Glass once again proved to his comrades, which is worthy of respect. It seemed that he was not even worried about hunger, no death of comrades. Every day he rose and from morning to evening performed all the orders. Quickly, clearly and unquestioned. It was impossible to say that he was thinking about now. It could well be accused of worn and cute. Patients and missticks the sailors periodically came precisely to such an opinion about this man, but the Glass did not disturb it at all. The main thing is to survive, and for this you just need to follow a predetermined plan of action. The buddy, with whom he escaped from the gunsight, decided to stay in the first port, in which their ship was anchored. Glass was friends with a pair of sailors, which condesceveled to Jung. Soon it was raised to the sailor, but the remaining members of the Glass team preferred to relate to the well-known degree of distrust.

When one of the sailors died, with whom Glass talked, the unfortunate lads got Hugh. In the evening, the glasses had already wanted to eat an unexpectedly durable portion, as suddenly heard the mocking council of one of the sailors:

"You think, the guy, what you want: if you live, then it's better not worth it, and if you die quickly, so as not to suffer, you eat.

The glasses puzzled down aside a piece of Solonin and looked at the sailor. It is unlikely unhappy before the death of the feet of rats with rat poison in the spirit of "so don't go to anyone", so why then can not eat?

"It will be very bad - eat," the sailor chuckled and fell to sleep. Glass hid the bats away and also tried to fall asleep.

Based on real events, the creators of the film are emphasized. But often, making movies on real events, cinematographers are rapidly treated with facts. Some events are a bit boring and neglected, some events are thinking to give the film of entertainment and make the plot of exciting, intriguing, interesting. The real story of the "survivor" is not so effectable, but also admires the strength and thirst for the life of the main character. And also, in fact, he forgave everyone.

Do Hugh Glass was a hunter on fur animals?

Yes, hunter and pioneer. And this is one of the few facts that are known to reliably. In 1823, he signed a document according to which the "Fur Company of the Rocky Mountains" research expedition was organized by General William Henry Ashley, who posted an ad for a set of members of the expedition in the newspaper Missouri Gazette & Public Advertiser. It was in this expedition that the Glass was attacked by the Bear.

Announcement of a set on an expedition Missouri Gazette & Public Advertiser, 1823

Is Hugh Glass convinced the hunters to leave his boats and continue the path is not on the river?

Not. After the first battle with the Indians of the Arikar tribe, the organizers of the expedition General Ashley and Major Henry decided to go through the mountains.

Do Hugh Glass have a wife from indigenous Americans?

Little is known about the life of the Glass before the bear attacks him. The hypothesis is and marriage with the Indian woman, in which he allegedly fell in love when he lived in captivity of the Indians. And captured, according to legend, he fell, running away from the pirate of Jean Lafita. Hugh Glass was an experienced hunter and researcher. And where and how he acquired these skills, you can only guess.

Was there a bear-grizzly bear attack on Hugh Glass?

Yes. This happened in the summer of 1823, after five months from the moment the Glass joined the expedition. Meeting with a beast took place on the shores of Missouri. The bear was with two cubs and from this very aggressive. She struck him a huge amount of damage, including broke his leg and punctured the throat. Colleagues of Glass heard his shouts, rushed to his aid and drove the muffins with the shots.

Illustration in the article The Milwaukee Journal Milwaukee Journal, 1922

Are the documentary confirmation of this attack?

Not. At least they were not found. Although it is reliably known that Hugh Glass was competent. The letter was preserved, which he wrote to the parents of the hunter John Gardner, who died during the attack of the expedition to the tribe of the Arikar. Some paper among the documents of the expedition organizers characterize it, as not a simple person with a difficult character, but do not leave us information about the inference. However, there are stories written from eyewitnesses. So, the story about the attack appeared in 1825 in the Philadelphian literary magazine. She quickly spread throughout the states and became a legend.

Real story happens in winter?

No, at least not all. The attack of the Medolitis occurred in the summer.

Is the expedition members really left Hugh Glass to die one?

Yes. Assuming that the hunter is wounded deadly, the leaders of the expedition paid two other hunters, for that they stay with him to the end and buried him in Christian customs. They left the challenge for several days (the exact number is unknown), and then put it in a shallow grave, gathered all the weapons and supplies and gone to catch up with the expedition.

moosegantz.com.

Are the hunters who killed the son of Hugh Glass?

Not. This part of the film is pure fiction. There is no confirmation of the fact that the Glass had children, and even more so that these children were killed in his eyes. But revenge for the son is a more interesting storyline than revenge for yourself.

Hugh Glass really slept in animal carcasses?

It is unknown. But sleep in animal carcasses is not uncommon in various survival tactics. This and other details of the travel chapter arose during numerous retellings of his creepy adventure.

Is Hugh Glass Propolz 200 miles (320 km)?

Hugh Glass Polz six weeks. The distance he overcame was changed and grew from retraining to retelling, and now it is not possible to establish it possible.

Do Hugh Glass avenged the hunters who left him?

Not. Hugh Glass really caught up with John Fitzheld and Jim Bridge, but forgave them both.

What happened to Hugh Glass, after this story ended?

It is almost known about this, except that he continued to work the hunter on the Yellowstone River.

Did Hugh Glass be killed by Indians?

Yes. According to the article in The Milwaukee Journal, the Fort Union visitor shared the news about the death of the hunter. "Old Glass with two satellites went to Fort Cass to hunt a bear and, when they crossed the river on the ice, they were shot and scalded by the Indians of the Arikar." It happened in 1833.

Citizenship: Date of death:

The detachment made a campaign at the beginning of 1823. During promotion up the river, the hunters turned out to be involved in the conflict with local Indians from the tribe of the Arikar, as a result of which several participants in the campaign were killed, and the eyes were wounded in the leg. In August, the reinforcement caused by General Ashley, which broke the Indians in battle, after which fourteen people were separated from the main detachment (including Glass). Heinarians headed by Major, they decided to follow their own route. It was planned to climb up the Grand River River and then turn to the north to the mouth of Yellowstone, where Fort Henry was located.

Fight with a bear

After a few days, the Genry detachment approached the fork of Grand River (at present this territory, together with the reservoir of the shudhill, is part of the perkins district). Glass, collecting berries away from the camp, unexpectedly stumbled into the Messenger Grizzly with two cubs. The animal attacked before the Glass managed to use his gun, and caused a deep wound hunter with claws. Glass, however, managed to grab the knife, to whom he began to defend himself from the bear, at the same time calling for help. Comrades who came to the cry killed a bear killed, but Glass had already lost consciousness.

Major Henry was convinced that a person with such wounds would not live more than one or two days, so he decided to leave two volunteers with the Glass, who will be buried when he dies, while the main detachment will continue the journey. John Fitzgerald and Jim Bridge called. After serving the major, they dug up for the grave and began to wait for his death. Five days later, Fitzgerald, fearing that they could be found by Arikar, convinced the young Bridge to leave the chapter and set off after Major Henry. Since both believed that the hunter would die, they took with them all his equipment, including a gun, a gun and a knife. Having met with Major, they told him that Glass died.

Travel to Fort Kayova

In fact, Glass survived. Come into consciousness, he discovered himself in complete loneliness, devoid of all gear, water and food. In addition, he had a broken leg, and deep wounds on his back came to Röber. The nearest settlement - Fort Cayow - was more than 200 miles (over 320 km) to the southeast, on the shores of Missouri.

In mass culture

The Biography of Glass lay down the basis of the adventure novel "Wild Earths", written by the famous American fiction writer Roger Zelaznos in collaboration with Gerald Hausman. In the novel, the fate of Glass is described in parallel with the history of another famous pioneer - John Colter, who in 1809 ran out naked more than 5 miles, pursued by the Indians from the tribe of black-legged, and then eleven days, without clothes and equipment, made the wilderness to the nearest settlement.

Literature

BRADLEY, BRUCE. Hugh Glass. - MONARCH PRESS, 1999. - ISBN 0-9669005-0-2

Links

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See also: Portal "Indians" Portal "Wild West"

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Books

Surviving Hugh Glass. This story, Elizabeth Mihaylovna Bout, the Earth of the Wild West of America - the lot of real men. Hotspots and weaklings do not survive here. Some slander with a furious bear-grizzlyley, melting only on the hunting knife - and resist ... Category:

Elizabeth Buta

Surviving Hugh Glass. Real History

Who broke life was, he will achieve

Salt powder, eating above appreciates honey,

Who is the tears of Lil, that sincere laughs,

Who died, he knows what lives.

1859 year. Valley Napa

The valley safely bypassed the gold fever, and the traps [Perepper (eng. Trap - "trap") - a hunter on fur animals in North America.], Hunters on the fur beast, there was nothing to do here. More precisely, ten years ago, a palelitsa man could not be found here. And with red, too, the collision seemed unlikely. Deserted, but the fertile land of the Valley Napa belonged to Mexico. When George UNDE decided that he had enough adventure on his age, he remembered his long-time connections and turned for help to an old friend. He helped him get sixteen and a half acres to anyone not the necessary land. So George South became the first official settler of Napa Valley. Of course, people already lived here, but there were so few of them that the UNTH could consider himself a conqueror of endless expanses. Injustiblely quickly aged friends-lads, adventure hunters, whose golden century ended many years ago, disapprovingly reacted to the decision of the UNTA to become a farmer. However, everyone has his own way, and not to judge the UNTA. In the end, even the legendary John Colter returned to St. Louis, married and became the most ordinary farmer. True, it was enough for just a few years. Increasing and hard life quickly killed the legendary trapper. Literally three years after the departure, the crutter fell ill and died somewhere near New Havena.

Have you ever heard of a man with bare hands killed a bear? - inquired by the evening Henry Dana. They sat on the terrace, George's wife brought them a young, even too young wine, and the conversation smoothly switched to the times of the long-lasting.

I even know a couple of such brands, - George grunted, - on the shores of Missouri full of grizzly. Almost every trapper came across them, though, most often the duel ended, and without starting. If the bear still attacked, the result was easy to predict, but sometimes we came across. Jeddedaya Smith, one of the hundreds of Ashley, killed a bear, Hugh Glass ...

I read about the man who killed the bear with one knife. He was found dead and left, and he suggested three hundred kilometers and still survived. - Henry Dana even a little leaned forward from burning his curiosity. That story he read in one of the magazines. She was published a journalist, a collector of stories, another 1820. And the author of the article was not at all interested in the person who won the Grizzly Medolueditsa. The journalist then did not even mention him, limited himself only by the description of the fight itself. Henry is given that history I remembered for life, but did not even hope to learn the details of the life of that person.

His name was Hugh Glass, - George UNT nodded slowly. - amazing honesty man. Do you know how sangs about him? Born running. His story began long before the fight with the Bear.

1823 year

At the glade near the shore of the majestic Grand River, an incomprehensible type of creature was reached. Without a doubt, a predator. Dangerous. All the animals killed by their skins. These predators appeared here recently. They were very similar to the Indians of the tribe of the Arikar [Arikar, Ri are a group of nearby Indian tribes, speaking a language of the Arikaraddan family.] To which the local forests are already accustomed. Yet these predators differed from the Indians. They were much more dangerous and mercileous. Their weapons were able to destroy any beast in just a moment.