We parted, but your portrait is a year. We parted; but your portrait
Blok Alexander Alexandrovich was born in St. Petersburg on November 28, 1880. His father was Alexander Lvovich Blok, who worked as a professor at the University of Warsaw, and his mother was the translator Alexandra Andreevna Beketova, whose father was the rector of St. Petersburg University.
The mother of the future poet married her first wife at the age of eighteen, and soon after the birth of the boy, she decided to break all ties with her unloved husband. Subsequently, the poet's parents practically did not communicate with each other.
At that time, divorce was a rarity and was censured by society, but in 1889 the self-sufficient and purposeful Alexandra Blok made sure that the Holy Governing Synod officially dissolved her marriage to Alexander Lvovich. Soon after this, the daughter of the famous Russian botanist remarried, already out of true love: for the officer of the Guard, Kublitsky-Piottukh. Alexandra Andreevna did not change her son's surname to her own or to the intricate surname of her stepfather, and the future poet remained Blok.
Sasha spent his childhood in the house of his grandfather. In the summer, he left for Shakhmatovo for a long time and throughout his life carried warm memories of the time spent there. Moreover, Alexander Blok lived with his mother and her new husband on the outskirts of St. Petersburg.
An incomprehensible spiritual connection always existed between the future poet and his mother. It was she who opened the works of Baudelaire, Polonsky, Verlaine, Fet and other famous poets to Sasha. Alexandra Andreevna and her young son studied new trends in philosophy and poetry together, had passionate conversations about the latest news of politics and culture. Subsequently, it was to his mother that Alexander Blok first of all read his works and it was from her that he sought consolation, understanding and support.
In 1889, the boy began to study at the Vvedenskaya gymnasium. Some time later, when Sasha was already 16 years old, he went with his mother on a trip abroad and spent some time in the city of Bad Nauheim, a popular German resort of those times. Despite his young age, on vacation he fell selflessly in love with Ksenia Sadovskaya, who at that time was 37 years old. Naturally, there was no talk of any relationship between a teenager and an adult woman. However, the charming Ksenia Sadovskaya, her image, captured in the memory of Blok, later became an inspiration for him when writing many works.
In 1898, Alexander completed his studies at the gymnasium and successfully passed entrance exams Petersburg University, choosing jurisprudence for his career. Three years after that, he nevertheless transferred to the historical and philological department, choosing for himself the Slavic-Russian direction. The poet completed his studies at the university in 1906. At the time of receipt higher education he met Alexei Remizov, Sergei Gorodetsky, and also became friends with Sergei Solovyov, who was his second cousin.
The beginning of creativity
Blok's family, especially on the maternal side, continued a highly cultured family, which could not but affect Alexandra. From a young age, he avidly read numerous books, was fond of theater and even attended a corresponding circle in St. Petersburg, and also tried his hand at poetry. The boy wrote his first uncomplicated works at the age of five, and at adolescence he, in the company of his brothers, was enthusiastically engaged in writing a handwritten journal.
An important event in the early 1900s for Alexander Alexandrovich was the marriage to Lyubov Mendeleeva, who was the daughter of an eminent Russian scientist. The relationship between the young spouses was complex and peculiar, but filled with love and passion. Lyubov Dmitrievna also became a source of inspiration and a prototype for a number of characters in the poet's works.
We can talk about a full-fledged creative career of Blok starting from 1900-1901. At that time, Alexander Alexandrovich became an even more devoted admirer of the work of Afanasy Fet, as well as the lyrics and even the teachings of Plato. In addition, fate brought him together with Dmitry Merezhkovsky and Zinaida Gippius, in whose magazine entitled “ New way“Blok took his first steps as a poet and critic.
On early stage his creative development Alexander Alexandrovich realized that symbolism was a direction close to his liking in literature. This movement, which penetrated all varieties of culture, was distinguished by innovation, a desire for experimentation, a love of mystery and understatement. In St. Petersburg, symbolists close to him in spirit were the aforementioned Gippius and Merezhkovsky, and in Moscow - Valery Bryusov. It is noteworthy that around the time Blok began to publish in the St. Petersburg "New Way", his works began to print and a Moscow almanac called "Northern Flowers".
A special place in the heart of Alexander Blok was occupied by a circle of young admirers and followers of Vladimir Solovyov, organized in Moscow. The role of a kind of leader of this circle was assumed by Andrei Bely, at that time an aspiring prose writer and poet. Andrei became a close friend of Alexander Alexandrovich, and the members of the literary circle were among the most devoted and enthusiastic admirers of his work.
In 1903, in the almanac "Northern Flowers" was published a cycle of works by Blok entitled "Poems about the Beautiful Lady". At the same time, three poems of the young rhymer were included in a collection of works by students of the Imperial St. Petersburg University. In his first known cycle, Blok portrays a woman as natural source light and purity, and raises the question of how a real love feeling brings an individual person closer to the world whole.
Revolution of 1905-1907
For Alexander Alexandrovich, revolutionary events became the personification of the spontaneous, disordered nature of life and significantly influenced his creative views. To the lovely lady in his thoughts and poems, the images of blizzards, blizzards and vagrancy were replaced by the bold and ambiguous Faina, the Snow Mask and the Stranger. Poems about love faded into the background.
The poet was also fascinated by drama and interaction with the theater at this time. The first play, written by Alexander Alexandrovich, was called "Balaganchik" and was composed by Vsevolod Meyerhold in the theater of Vera Komissarzhevskaya in 1906.
At the same time, Blok, who, idolizing his wife, did not refuse the opportunity to harbor tender feelings for other women, inflamed with passion for N.N. Volokhova, theater actress Vera Komissarzhevskaya. The image of the beautiful Volokhova soon filled Blok's philosophical verses: the poet dedicated the Faina cycle and the Snow Mask book to her, copied the heroines of the plays Song of Fate and The King in the Square from her.
Late 1900s main theme Blok's work was the problem of the relationship between the common people and the intelligentsia in the domestic society. In the verses of this period, one can trace a vivid crisis of individualism and attempts to determine the place of the creator in the conditions the real world... At the same time, Alexander Alexandrovich associated the Motherland with the image of his beloved wife, which is why his patriotic poems acquired a special, deeply personal individuality.
Rejection of symbolism
1909 was a very difficult year for Alexander Blok: that year his father died, with whom he nevertheless maintained rather warm relations, as well as the newborn child of the poet and his wife Lyudmila. Nevertheless, the impressive legacy that Alexander Blok Sr. left to his son allowed him to forget about financial difficulties and focus on large creative projects.
In the same year, the poet visited Italy, and the atmosphere abroad pushed him even more to re-evaluate the previously established values. About this internal struggle tells the cycle "Italian Poems", as well as prose sketches from the book "Lightning of Art". In the end, Blok came to the conclusion that symbolism, as a school with strictly defined rules, had exhausted itself for him, and henceforth he felt the need for self-deepening and a "spiritual diet."
Concentrating on great literary works, Alexander Alexandrovich gradually began to devote less and less time to publicistic work and the appearance at various events that were in vogue among the poetic bohemians of those times.
In 1910, the author began to compose epic poem called "Retribution", which he was not destined to finish. Between 1912 and 1913, he wrote the famous play The Rose and the Cross. And in 1911, Blok, based on his five books of poetry, compiled a collection of works in three volumes, which was reprinted several times.
October Revolution
Soviet power did not evoke such a negative attitude from Alexander Blok as from many other poets. " silver age". At a time when Julius Eichenwald, Dmitry Merezhkovsky and many others criticized the Bolsheviks who came to power with might and main, Blok agreed to cooperate with the new state leadership.
The name of the poet, who by that time was well known to the public, was actively used by the authorities for their own purposes. Among other things, Alexander Alexandrovich was constantly appointed to positions of no interest to him in various commissions and institutions.
It was during this period that the poem "Scythians" and the famous poem "The Twelve" were written. The last image of the "Twelve": Jesus Christ, who was at the head of the procession of twelve soldiers of the Red Army, caused a real resonance in literary world... Although now this work is considered one of the best creations of the "Silver Age" of Russian poetry, most of Blok's contemporaries spoke about the poem, especially about the image of Jesus, in an extremely negative way.
Personal life
Blok's first and only wife is Lyubov Mendeleev, with whom he was madly in love and whom he considered his real destiny. The wife was a support and support for the writer, as well as a constant muse.
However, the poet's ideas about marriage were quite peculiar: firstly, he was categorically against physical intimacy, singing spiritual love. Second, up to recent years his life, Blok did not consider it shameful to fall in love with other representatives of the fair sex, although his women never had such a meaning for him as his wife. However, Lyubov Mendeleeva also allowed herself to be carried away by other men.
Alas, the children of the married couple Blokov did not appear: the child, born after one of the few nights of Alexander and Lyubov, turned out to be too weak and did not survive. Nevertheless, Blok still has a lot of relatives both in Russia and in Europe.
Poets death
After October revolution happened not only Interesting Facts from the life of Alexander Alexandrovich. Loaded with an incredible amount of responsibilities, not belonging to himself, he began to get very sick. Blok developed asthma, cardiovascular disease, began to form mental disorders... In 1920, the author fell ill with scurvy.
At the same time, the poet was going through a period of financial difficulties.
Exhausted by need and numerous illnesses, he passed away on August 7, 1921, while in his apartment in St. Petersburg. The cause of death is inflammation of the heart valves. The poet's funeral and funeral service was performed by Archpriest Alexei Zapadalov, Blok's grave is located at the Smolensk Orthodox cemetery.
Shortly before his death, the writer tried to get permission to travel abroad for treatment, but he was refused. They say that after that, Blok, being in a sober mind and sane mind, destroyed his notes and, in principle, did not take any medicine or even food. For a long time there were also rumors that, before his death, Alexander Alexandrovich had gone mad and raved about whether all copies of his poem "The Twelve" had been destroyed. However, these rumors have not been confirmed.
Alexander Blok is considered one of the most brilliant representatives of Russian poetry. His major works, as well as small poems ("Factory", "Night street lantern pharmacy", "In a restaurant", "Old hut" and others), became part of cultural heritage our people.
"We parted, but your portrait ..." Mikhail Lermontov
We parted, but your portrait
I keep on my chest:
Like a pale ghost of better years
He pleases my soul.And, devoted to new passions,
I could not stop loving him:
So the temple is abandoned - the whole temple,
The defeated idol is all god!
Analysis of Lermontov's poem "We parted, but your portrait ..."
Mikhail Lermontov had several serious novels, but the relationship between the poet and Ekaterina Sushkova turned out to be the longest and most painful. He met his chosen one at the age of 15, while visiting his cousin Alexandra Vereshchagina, and a few days later confessed to Sushkova his feelings, which caused a storm of ridicule in the young lady. However, it was during this period that Lermontov literally bombarded his beloved with poetic confessions, and she, with all the eccentricity of her character and the tendency to constantly tease her chosen one, carefully kept them.
They had a chance to meet again only in 1834 in Moscow. At one of the balls, the famous baritone Mikhail Yakovlev performed a romance to verse, which made an indelible impression on the young poet. However, Ekaterina Sushkova assured Lermontov that his love poems were no worse and even quoted several lines from memory from the work “I don’t love you; passions ". The poet was amazed and discouraged by the fact that the girl for whom he has the most tender feelings remembers his poems by heart. At the same time, Lermontov felt embarrassed that he himself had completely forgotten them. Therefore, he asked Sushkova to give him the poems, and then he would be able to improve them. But - was refused, because the girl did not want to change anything in the works that sunk deep into her soul.
Nevertheless, in 1837 Lermontov partially restored from memory the poem “I do not love you; passions "and on its basis created a completely different work, which was published in 1840 under the title" We parted, but your portrait ... ". By that time, in the relationship between Sushkova and Lermontov, all the "i" s were really dotted. The poet managed to overcome his painful and unrequited feeling for a brilliant socialite. Moreover, he brutally took revenge on the coquette, forcing her to fall in love with him, and then publicly declaring that he had no feelings for Sushkova. However, the poem "We parted, but your portrait ..." still testifies to the opposite. In this work, the poet admits that he should carefully keep on his chest a portrait of the one for whom he has experienced unrequited love for many years. Indeed, according to the recollections of eyewitnesses, Lermontov, together with a pectoral cross, wore a medallion with a miniature portrait of Sushkova around his neck and parted with this precious jewelry for him only shortly before his death in a duel. For the poet, the portrait of his beloved "pale ghost better days", Which warms his soul with memories of a carefree youthful time when, it seemed, the whole world lies at his feet.
In addition, the author admits that “I couldn’t fall out of love with my new passions, I couldn’t stop loving him.” With this phrase, Lermontov emphasizes that he is still in love, but not with the current first beauty of St. Petersburg, but with the carefree young lady, which was Sushkova many years ago . The poet loves the very memory of her, perfectly aware that his chosen one in her current incarnation, carried away by balls and the search for a wealthy spouse, has nothing in common with that flirty girl whom he remembers.
But, at the same time, Lermontov notes that "the temple is abandoned - all the temple, the defeated idol - everything is God." The final phrase of the poem means that the feelings that a person experiences in life will forever remain in his soul. And even if love itself has died out and gone forever, the memories of it, covered with light sadness, will continue to warm the heart and give a feeling of joy.
The poem "We parted, but your portrait ..." was written by M. Lermontov in 1837 on the basis of his early poem "I do not love you; passions ". At the same time, the last two lines of the poem of 1831, dedicated to E. Sushkova, passed into a new version without changes. According to most researchers, the addressee of the poem was Varvara Lopukhina-Bakhmeteva - a woman for whom the poet had a deep feeling until the end of his days. The poem was first published in 1840 - it was included in the collection "Poems".
Central theme lyrical miniature is the unquenchable, despite the "new passions", love for the lost beloved. Lermontov introduces into the poem the traditional romanticism motives of separation and portrait... Thanks to the portrait of the beloved, the memory of the lyrical hero's feelings revives - "The pale ghost of better years" mixes the past and the present, reminding him of the days filled with happiness and at the same time spiritually supporting the hero in the present: "He pleases my soul".
Compositionally the poem includes two stanzas, in the construction of which one can clearly see syntactic parallelism... Each stanza is one complex explanatory sentence that breaks down into two syntagmas: the first part contains a statement, and after the colon, its explanation follows. The ending of the poem goes back to the words of the French romantic writer Francois Chateaubriand: "... God is not destroyed because his temple was empty."
The poem is written giving it an amazing musicality iambic tetrameter. Masculine rhyme and alliteration "st" (parted, passions, left) and "NS" (portrait, ghost, devotee) convey all the acuteness of the poet's feelings, enhance the lyrical tension of the work. The drama of the miniature is emphasized by contrasting pairs: "Parted - I keep", "New passions - could not stop loving".
The alternation of long odd and shorter even lines, created by a different number of phonemes in them, emphasizes the generators semantic core text word: your portrait and the God.
Thumbnail Saturation bright epithets- a pale ghost, an abandoned temple, a defeated idol, new passions - emphasizes the depth of emotions that excite the author's soul. Metaphors(portrait that "Pleases the soul", comparison of a sincere feeling with a temple), reinforced by the repetition of the word "Temple", assert the value of love feelings.
Lermontov claims that the feelings given to a person by fate remain forever in his soul, and memories of them fill human life with light.
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First published in the collection of 1840 "Poems of M. Lermontov" (p. 165), where it is dated 1837. The last stanza is moved with the change of the first two lines from the poem of 1831, dedicated to.
The story of E. A. Sushkova about her conversation with Lermontov at one of the dance evenings in 1834 or 1835, where M. L. Yakovlev performed A. A. Alyabyev's romance to the Pushkin text "I loved you, love still, maybe"... Lermontov liked these poems, although not absolutely; he preferred them Baratynsky's elegy "Confidence" (No, rumor deceived you)... “You, Mikhail Yuryevich, have nothing to envy of these verses, - answered Sushkova, - you put it even better:
So the temple is abandoned - the whole temple,
The defeated idol is all god!
Do you remember my poems, did you save them? For God's sake, give them to me, I have forgotten some, I will remake them better and dedicate them to you.
No, I won't give it up for anything, I prefer them as they are, with their mistakes, but with a freshness of feeling; they are certainly not complete, but if you remake them, they will lose their authenticity, which is why I value your first experiments.
He insisted, I defended my property - and I defended ”.
Sushkova's story is about the poem “I don’t love you; passions ", quite close in lyrical situation to the aforementioned poems of Baratynsky and Pushkin. The poem “We parted; but your portrait "arises on the basis of its processing, - about this intention
In the work of Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov, philosophical, civil, personal motives are harmoniously combined. The poet's love lyrics deserve special attention, to which the poem "We parted, but your portrait ..." belongs. We invite you to familiarize yourself with brief analysis"We parted, but your portrait ..." according to the plan, which will be useful to the pupils of the 10th grade in preparation for the literature lesson.
Brief analysis
History of creation- The poem was written in 1837, and published in 1840 in the collection "Poems". Dedicated to Ekaterina Sushkova, for whom the poet carried his feelings throughout his life.
Poem theme- Not extinguished love for the former lover.
Composition- The composition consists of two parts, one stanza in each. The first part is the recognition of the lyrical hero's love for the girl, whose portrait he wears on his chest, the second part - the hero tries to forget his old love, but new passions do not fill his soul with joy and light.
genre- Love lyrics.
Poetic size- Iambic tetrameter with masculine rhyme.
Metaphors- « portrait ... my soul pleases».
Epithets – « defeated "," abandoned "," new».
Comparisons – « defeated idol - everything is god "," like a pale ghost».
History of creation
For his entire short life, Mikhail Yuryevich had several serious novels. The longest and most painful for the poet turned out to be a complicated relationship with Ekaterina Sushkova.
Their acquaintance took place at a tender age, when Lermontov was barely 15 years old. A few days later, he confessed his love to Sushkova, to which she replied only with mockery. This did not stop the young poet, who peppered his beloved with poetic confessions in his feelings.
However, fate divorced the young people, and their meeting took place only five years later in Moscow. Catherine admitted that all this time she carefully kept the poems of Lermontov, who was in love with her, and even recited a few lines from the work “I don’t love you; passions ... ".
In 1837, on the basis of his youthful love confession, the poet wrote a completely new poem - "We parted, but your portrait ...", published in 1840 in the collection "Poems".
Lermontov was never able to overcome his painful attraction to Sushkova, and before last days In life, he wore a medallion with a portrait of his beloved along with a pectoral cross.
Theme
The central theme of the work is the power of love, which is not subject to either time or circumstances. The poet claims that the real sincere feelings, presented to a person by fate itself, remain forever in the soul, and the memories of them illuminate life with light and joy.
The lyrical hero admits that he is unable to forget his former love, despite his new hobbies. He carefully keeps a medallion with a portrait of his beloved, for whom he previously had such strong feelings. However, he emphasizes that he is not in love with the current secular beauty, but with a young girl who won his ardent youthful heart many years ago.
The poet cherishes the memory of those bright feelings that he experienced in adolescence. Former passion has long dissipated like smoke, but there are memories of that love that continues to warm the soul with a quiet, flickering light.
Composition
Compositionally, the poem is divided into two parts, one stanza in each. Both stanzas are a complex explanatory sentence, in which the author's assertion comes first, and then he gives him an explanation.
In the first part, there is a split in the feelings of the lyrical hero. The relationship with his beloved is terminated, but he cannot let her go, and continues to wear her portrait on his chest.
In the second part, a conflict arises between the former love of the lyric hero and his new passions, which are not able to give true joy to his soul.
genre
By genre, the work "We parted, but your portrait ..." belongs to love lyrics, because it reflects the entire depth of the lyrical hero's heart pains.
The poetic meter is iambic tetrameter using masculine rhyme.
Expression tools
The means help the author to emphasize the full power of love experiences artistic expression... Among them metaphors("Portrait ... my soul pleases"), epithets("Defeated", "abandoned", "new"), comparisons("The defeated idol is all god", "like a pale ghost").
Poem test
Analysis rating
Average rating: 4.4. Total ratings received: 13.
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