gedichte

Aphorisms about teachers and students, learning and education

Wise thoughts about learning and teachers

Sources of aphorisms:

• 
  Big book of aphorisms. Author-compiler: K. Dushenko.

  Mos kva, publishing house Eksmo-Press: 1999



• 
  Wisdom of millennia. Encyclopedia. Author-compiler: V. Balyazin.


• 
  Moscow, Olma-Press publishing house: 2006


• 
  Quotes and aphorisms about teachers (moudrost.ru/tema)

The teacher is eternal on earth!
From the history of education and teaching...

In the twentieth century and in the two hundredth -
The teacher is eternal on earth, -

These are lines from a poem by I. I. Beinarovich, a teacher-historian with 50 years of experience. And in a wonderful poem by Veronica Tushnova it says this:

If there were no teacher,
It probably wouldn’t have happened
Neither poet nor thinker,
Neither Shakespeare nor Copernicus.
And to this day, probably,
If there were no teacher,
Undiscovered Americas
Remained unopened.

And we wouldn’t be Icari,
We would never have soared into the sky,
If only through his efforts we
The wings were not grown.
Without him there would be a good heart
The world was not so amazing.
That's why it's so dear to us
Our teacher's name.

The teaching profession is truly eternal, and it arose a very long time ago.

The first school, according to legend, was opened after the Great Flood by Shem, the son of the biblical Noah. If we are based on the results of archaeological excavations, then the first schools appeared in the countries of the Ancient East - Babylonia, Assyria, Egypt, India. The need to transfer experience and knowledge to new generations, preparing them for life and work led to the emergence of the teaching profession and educational institutions. Since ancient times, school has been the basis for the evolution of humanity.

In the countries of the Ancient East, there were three main types of schools: at temples - priestly schools that trained ministers of the religious cult; palace schools - to educate the children of the slave-owning nobility; scribe schools - trained officials for the needs of administrative and economic management.

Education in priestly schools was more extensive. Here, in addition to teaching writing, counting, and reading, law, astronomy, astrology, medicine were also taught, and, of course, much attention was paid to religion.

In the ancient world, three educational systems developed: Athenian (based on the ideas of diversified development), Spartan (raising a strong warrior) and Roman (many features of the Athenian and Spartan schools were further developed in it).

The ancient period with its highly developed culture and art is of great importance for the formation of the teaching profession. A person engaged in teaching was required to possess many knowledge and skills: eloquence, writing, music, and martial arts. Education was aimed at the diversified development of personality. In these times it was said about a poorly educated person: “He can neither read nor swim.” In Ancient Greece, there was a division of activities for teaching and raising children and youth. In Ancient Greece, many pedagogical terms appeared that we still use today: “pedagogy”, “didactics”, “teacher”, “rhetoric”, etc.

People involved in teaching activities in Ancient Greece were called:

teacher (from the Greek paidagogos, which literally means “child care, child care” - educator) - a house slave who accompanied the child to school and watched him at home, he had a great influence on the child, and gradually from an ordinary slave he turns into a home teacher;

pedon (paidon) - a teacher of children from 7 to 15 years old, his task included preparation for military service, physical development, instilling discipline, patience, and the ability to endure physical hardships;

grammarian - a literacy teacher, taught writing, reading, and counting;

cithara player - music teacher (playing the cithara, lyre), introduced poetry;

didaskal - teacher of choir, choral singing;

sophist - a paid teacher, taught “wisdom to manage private and public affairs.”

The flourishing of Greek culture owes much to these teachers - grammarians, didaskalas, citharists, etc.

There were various types of educational institutions in Ancient Greece. Music schools - for children 7-16 years old, where primary education was given, as well as literary and musical education. Gymnastics schools - for children 12-16 years old, where they engaged in physical training of children and adolescents. Gymnasiums (or palestras) - for boys 16-18 years old, they completed their education received in music and gymnastics schools, studied philosophy, literature, politics, and improved in the field of gymnastics.

During the heyday of Ancient Greece, there were three gymnasiums: the Lyceum, the Academy and the Kinosargus. Famous ancient teachers were outstanding scientists and philosophers: Socrates, Aristotle, Plato.

In Ancient Rome, grammar schools for boys from rich and noble families were widely developed. A teenager who graduated from such a school at the age of 15 could devote himself to the activities of a political and judicial speaker. Teenagers and young men from 13-14 to 16-19 years old could study in rhetoric schools, which can be called higher educational institutions. After the fall of the Roman Empire (476), the ancient schools did not disappear immediately; schools of grammarians and rhetoricians still existed for some time.

In the medieval era, new forms of training and education appeared. Monasteries become centers of education, schools are created at them, and the role of teachers is performed by persons of clergy rank: priests and monks. But city schools are gradually appearing. The development of trade and industry requires educated, literate people. For these schools, merchant guilds and craft guilds invite hired teachers. Private schools are also appearing. There are more and more teachers, the teacher is becoming a noticeable, socially significant figure in society. These are still clergy, and later university graduates.

The courts of wealthy aristocrats also had their own home teachers who were part of the service staff. Since a system of professional education for teachers did not yet exist, books performed this task. These were pedagogical works by Vincent of Beauvais (“On the Education of Children of Noble Citizens”), Erasmus of Rotterdam, Martin Luther, Michel Montaigne and others.

The fundamental work that summarized everything that had been accumulated by practice was the book of John Amos Comenius “The Great Didactics” (1632). This book can be called the first pedagogical encyclopedia, which talked about the purpose of education and upbringing, what and how to teach, what requirements to make. S. L. Soloveichik said this about him: “Komensky taught teachers to teach for the first time... He was called that way - “teacher of teachers”, as the German teacher Disterweg later began to be called - “teacher of German teachers” and the Russian teacher Ushinsky - “teacher of Russians” teachers."

In 1652, Ya. A. Komensky wrote “Laws for Teachers” - a kind of code of professional honor for a teacher. Comenius also describes the school as it should be: “The school itself should be a pleasant place, providing the eyes with an attractive sight from the inside and outside. Inside it should be light, clean, decorated with paintings: portraits of famous people, geographical maps, monuments of historical events, emblems. And from the outside, the school should be adjacent not only to an area for walking and playing, but also a small garden...”

All this is still true today. In the era of capitalism, schooling continues to develop rapidly, and the teaching profession is becoming increasingly widespread. Numerous schools and colleges of various types are appearing. Along with the classical school, real and vocational schools appear, training personnel for industry and trade. At the same time in the 18-19 centuries. in noble and bourgeois families, home education and primary education of children with the help of home tutors, home teachers-tutors (from the French Gouverneur - to manage) was common.

The origins of the Russian national school originate in Ancient Rus' and are associated with the name of Prince Vladimir, who brought Christianity to Rus' (988). Then the general need for literacy training was reinforced by the need for literate people to conduct church services. Prince Vladimir ordered to “collect children from the best people and send them to book education.” The first teachers were Greek priests, then Russian priests and monks. Then, separately from the people of the clergy, the teaching class appeared - “teaching people.” “Teaching literature” also appeared: chronicles, legends, lives, teachings... One of them is “The Teachings of Vladimir Monomakh.”

Already in that distant era in Rus' they realized the importance of books and reading as the basis of any teaching. One of the first printed books by Ivan Fedorov was “ABC”. Over time, the number of students and teachers increased, schools appeared in Novgorod, Smolensk, and a school for girls was created in Kyiv at the St. Andrew's Monastery. The first higher educational institution in Russia, the Kiev Brotherhood College, was opened in 1632. In 1687, the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy opened in Moscow, training priests, translators, teachers and book editors for the Printing House.

The further stage in the development of education in Russia is associated with the name of Peter I. Under him, the School of Mathematical and Navigational Sciences was established, which trained shipbuilders, captains and teachers for other schools. Boys and young men of all classes (except serfs) aged 12-20 studied there. Pushkar, hospital, and administrative schools were created. Under Peter I, a decree was issued on the opening of digital schools. “Young timid people from all ranks” studied there. The teachers of these schools were supposed to be graduates of the Navigation School or the Maritime Academy. In 1714, a decree was issued on universal educational conscription for children of all classes (except peasants). It was decided: without a certificate of completion of studies, “you will not be allowed to get married and you will not be given a crown.”

With the development of the mining industry, mining schools were opened to teach children of lower ranks literacy and “mining affairs.” 1724 - Peter I signed a decree establishing the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg with university courses and a gymnasium. In 1755, a gymnasium for nobles and commoners was opened at Moscow University (founded in 1755). There were also private schools in Russia, for example, the school of Feofan Prokopovich, created in 1721.

School should not only teach, but also educate. And during the time of Catherine II in 1764, a decree was issued on the founding of the Educational Society of Noble Maidens for 200 people at the Smolny Convent in St. Petersburg - the Institute of Noble Maidens. Girls from the age of 4-6 were taken from home for 15 years. Education was mainly humanitarian, but mathematics and physics were also taught; pupils were intensively taught foreign languages, music, home economics, and handicrafts. The graduates of the institute turned out to be educated teachers, wives, and ladies-in-waiting.

Public schools were opened in provinces and districts. But still, by the end of the 18th century there were still very few schools. And in 1800 there were only 790 teachers. But the more literate people were needed - for the development of production, construction, and the development of new lands - the more diverse educational institutions became. Theological seminaries, military educational institutions, elite boarding schools and lyceums (for example, the famous Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, opened in 1811), newly opened universities (in Kazan, Kharkov). But the selection of teachers and teacher-mentors was a big problem.

Until the end of the 18th century, there were no pedagogical educational institutions in Russia at all. Only at the end of the century, in 1786, were the Main Public Schools established in provincial cities, in which teachers for district schools were trained. Future teachers studied for five years, in addition to general education training, mastering the way of teaching and working with the class. Upon completion, an exam for a teacher's certificate was taken. In the same year, the first special pedagogical educational institution, a teachers' seminary, opened in St. Petersburg. In noble families, the tradition of hiring home teachers for their children, mostly foreigners, continued.

In 1802, the Ministry of Public Education was created - the first department in Russia dealing with educational issues. A clear education system appeared: parish school (1 year) - district school (2 years) - gymnasium (4 years) - university. It was possible to enter the university only after graduating from a classical gymnasium.

A real school provided the opportunity to enter a technological institute or an agricultural academy. Girls studied separately, in women's gymnasiums, and then could they enroll in the Higher Women's Courses. If at the beginning of the 19th century there were 32 gymnasiums in Russia, then by the middle of the century there were already about 100, at the end - 165, and in 1915 there were already 1,798 secondary educational institutions.

Simon Soloveitchik in his book “The Hour of Apprenticeship” presents the general course of development of public education in Russia using the example of its famous, famous citizens:

"The trend is clear- writes Soloveitchik, - with each passing decade, education becomes more and more streamlined. If we continue the list, we will increasingly come across two words: gymnasium and university (or higher technical school, or institute).”.

Russia was divided into six educational districts - each of them had a university (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan, Dorpat, Vilna, Kharkov). Many university graduates joined the ranks of university teachers.

The growth in the number of educational institutions required more and more teachers; there were still a catastrophic shortage of them. In 1804, the St. Petersburg Pedagogical Institute was created, on its basis in 1816, Count S. S. Uvarov founded the Main Pedagogical Institute, which received the rights of a university. Teachers for gymnasiums, mentors for private educational institutions and teachers for universities were trained here.

If at the beginning of the 19th century the idea of ​​a teacher as a visiting person, a German, or a Frenchman, or an illiterate sexton, still prevailed, then by the end of the 19th century the teaching profession became respected and received recognition in society. In the 1870s, a network of educational institutions for training teachers was created in Russia. In 1874, an exam for the title of national teacher was introduced, which increased the prestige of the profession. By 1876, 44 pedagogical schools with 3-year training were opened - teacher seminaries. In 1894 there were already 60 of them, with 4,600 students studying there, including 613 girls. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the country already had 280 thousand teachers, 189 teachers’ seminaries, and 48 pedagogical institutes.

Gradually, teachers began to appear in Russia who not only taught children, they put forward new pedagogical ideas and experimented. They expressed their pedagogical beliefs in articles and books that evoked a lively response in society.

Here you can name such names as N. I. Pirogov, L. N. Tolstoy, N. G. Chernyshevsky, K. D. Ushinsky, P. F. Lesgaft, D. I. Mendeleev. And in the twentieth century, this tradition was continued by A. S. Makarenko, V. N. Soroka-Rosinsky, S. T. Shatsky, P. P. Blonsky, V. A. Sukhomlinsky, B. M. Nemensky, D. B. Kabalevsky , S. L. Soloveichik, Sh. A. Amonashvili and many others.

Poster: illustration by Nikolai Ustinov for the book “Wormwood Tales” by Yuri Koval.

December 22nd, 2015

Who was Putin’s real “teacher” (or how the FSB works for thieves in law)

Putin’s real teacher and mentor was the famous “authority” and “thief in law” from St. Petersburg. It was in the 90s that the KGB/FSB completely merged with criminal activity, often working at his beck and call, but in Russia they are silent about this. Although the Cheka had exactly the same nature. But first things first.

The photo below shows the filming of the film “Blockade” (Lenfilm, 1976). In the frame, a group of fascists captured a Red Army soldier. The fascists, as usual, are helped by fascist accomplices. On the left with the “Schmeisser” is Arkady Rotenberg.

How did Rotenberg get on the set? - As a stuntman. At Lenfilm, fights and battle scenes were often filmed with the help of athletes - wrestlers, boxers, etc. Rotenberg and Putin’s wrestling coach, Leonid Usvyatsov, had good contacts at Lenfilm, so he gave the boys part-time work. By the way, Rotenberg and the fascists captured State Duma deputy Vasily Shestakov (this is all one judo section).

Putin and Rotenberg like to emphasize their sports past, posing in a kimono: this is our section, the team, without which I cannot live. Let's take a closer look at this past and this “team” (or rather brigade).

From left to right: Rotenberg, Putin, Shestakov.

Let's start with the coach. In the Russian media, Anatoly Solomonovich Rakhlin (died in 2013) was usually presented as the coach of Putin and Rotenberg. Putin said that he played a “decisive role” in his life. And in the 2000s, he and Putin together published a book about judo and a video course demonstrating techniques.

In addition, in his old age, Rakhlin himself gave interviews right and left, where he sang defamations to Putin. I would call his apotheosis his conversation with a journalist from Izvestia, published on April 27, 2007.

“Rakhlin’s former students gather almost weekly in their home club. They play football, take a steam bath, and can drink beer. State protocol does not yet allow the president to join his friends... “But, as far as I know, he responds to the requests of Arkady, Boris, Vasily and other guys,” coach says. - Because they are friends. Putin’s character retains a healthy “tomboyishness.” He even hires people from St. Petersburg not for their beautiful eyes, but because he trusts trusted people. Personally, I understand and accept such relationships.”

Arkady, Boris and Vasily are the Rotenberg brothers and Vasily Shestakov, respectively. And yes, he responds to their requests. For example, the Rotenbergs have received more than 1 trillion since 2007. rub. government orders, all contracts for large Gazprom pipelines, and for the Platon system to boot. “Healthy kidding” in action. By the way, from the 4th year of the institute, Putin, according to his admission, “carried out KGB assignments.” Those. was an informer. Is this a healthy kid or not?

Putin with Rakhlin.

Rakhlin’s interview with Izvestia in 2007 about the fact that the “St. Petersburg” group has deservedly filled the Kremlin and surrounding feeding grounds can only compete in impudence with the interview of Arkady Rotenberg, his student, with Kommersant on April 28, 2010.

There, the journalist asks the oligarch: they say, Gazprom had its own construction divisions: Lengazspetsstroy, Spetsgazremstroy, Volgagaz, Krasnodargazstroy, etc. You bought them in 2007, merged them into one private company and immediately received (from Gazprom) gigantic orders for Nord Stream, Sochi-Dzhubga, Sakhalin-Vladivostok and other mega-projects (all at significantly inflated prices, I will add from myself). Accordingly, all purchases paid for themselves instantly.

How did you manage to pull this off? Why did Gazprom sell its subsidiaries to you, why did it immediately flood them with orders (often without a tender)? “Well, these are questions for Gazprom,” Rotenberg answers. What do we have to do with it? And he explains about his connections with Putin:

“Yes, we studied in the same section, but in the first intake there were about 20 of us. In addition, Vladimir Vladimirovich has enough acquaintances - those who studied or worked with him. But not all of them are successful! A childhood friend who is at the top of government power will not lead by the hand. Probably, sport, and also our genotype, taught us to work.”.

I don’t know what kind of genes the Rotenberg brothers have. But still it is immodest. They ask you about corruption, and you answer about the genotype. They ask about the withdrawal of assets and the theft of money in a state-owned company - and you talk about how successful you are, there were 20 people in the section, and we, the workers, dig the pipes. As coach Rakhlin said: “Putin’s character retains a healthy “tomboyishness.” He even hires people from St. Petersburg not for their beautiful eyes, but because he trusts proven people.”

By the way, about Rakhlin. In fact, Putin trained with Rakhlin only for the first three years, in the children's and youth club. After turning 16, Putin and his friend Rotenberg moved to another coach. And they prefer not to advertise this person, although he really played a decisive role in the fate of both of them. In particular, it was he who got Putin into the Law Faculty of Leningrad State University under a sports quota, and Rotenberg into the Institute of Physical Education (and then into coaching). This benefactor was Leonid Ionovich Usvyatsov.

They don’t make films about him, and even in his autobiographical book (“In the first person. Conversations with Vladimir Putin,” 2000), Putin talks about him without naming his last name. Only by name: Leonid Ionovich came, Leonid Ionovich told us, Lenya did this, Lenya did that.

To understand the reason, it is worth visiting the Bolsheokhtinskoye cemetery in St. Petersburg.

There is a short entry about this grave on Wikipedia, in the article about this cemetery (in the section about famous people buried there):

“Usvyatsov, Leonid Ionovich (1936-1994) - crime boss, trainer of Vladimir Putin and Arkady Rotenberg”.

Leonid Usvyatsov, or “Lenya the Athlete,” as he was called in certain circles, was a very colorful personality. Professional sambist, coach, stuntman, 2 convictions (gang rape and currency fraud), almost 20 years in total - behind bars. He was killed in a showdown in 1994. He worked as a sambo and judo coach at the Trud sports school for Putin and Rotenberg between his two careers (in 1968-82).

L. Usvyatsov in the 1970s.

In his autobiographical book of 2000, Putin describes with admiration one episode with Lenya, which apparently remains etched in his memory:

“One day we came to training together with the senior coach of Trud, Leonid Ionovich. We look, karatekas are practicing on the mat, although our time has already come. Lenya approached their coach and told him about this. He didn’t even look in his direction - they said, get out of here. Then Lenya, without saying a word, turned him over, strangled him lightly, removed him from the carpet, because he was already unconscious, and turned to us: “Come in, settle down.”

Lenya was a cool guy. He was the first. Vovochka is clearly trying to imitate him. “Lenya the Athlete” was 16 years older than Putin. He grew up in post-war Leningrad and had in many ways a typical fate for his generation. Childhood on a Leningrad street, fatherlessness (father, officer Iona Lipmanovich Usvyatsov died at the front in 1944). Having gone to prison as a young man, Lenya did not break down, came out, became a coach at the Trud community center, and created his own team of stuntmen at Lenfilm. And just a well-known brigade in the city.

In 1984 he was imprisoned again, this time for foreign currency. There were such... let's call them, rich people in the USSR who invested what they had acquired through back-breaking labor into dollars and antiques. Save yourself for capitalism, like Koreiko. And there were those who helped them do this, obtained currency (it was prohibited for circulation), and other valuables. Article 88 was harsh for “currency traders” - even to the point of execution. Those who did this were dashing guys, risky ones. Like Lenya Usvyatsov.

This is Alexander Yakovlevich Khochinsky, an antiques dealer from St. Petersburg (in recent years he has lived in New York).

Since the 1970s Khochinsky was familiar with Leonid Usvyatsov. General commercial matters. And just like Usvyatsov in the 1980s. Khochinsky received a long sentence, 8 years (buying up stolen goods, leading bandits to collectors' apartments, etc.). At that time there was such a campaign by the Soviet authorities against the “shadow economy dealers”, and Khochinsky and Usvyatsov came under attack.

Khochinsky (he has his own LiveJournal blog) recalls the story of his acquaintance with Leonid Usvyatsov as follows:

“I came to him on business - he was selling a collection of Russian silver rubles. The coins were rare and worth a lot of money. At that time I had little understanding of numismatics, so I suggested to Lena, the person I saw for the first time, to give me the collection so that I could show it to a specialist. He immediately agreed, and as I was leaving I told him: “Don’t be afraid, I’ll return it to you.” Leonid looked me up and down, smiled and answered: “Yes, I’m not afraid - show it to whoever you want.” Then I found out that “Lenya the Athlete” was not afraid of anyone« .

In another case, Alexander Khochinsky recalls how, in his presence, a man “from thieves” came to Usvyatsov’s home with an order to shoot him, but “Lenya the Athlete” had a heart-to-heart talk with the killer and he changed his mind about fulfilling the order.

“Once, later, I was at his house on Vasilyevsky, when a frail and rather short man came to him (...) I left them in the living room to talk, and I went into the kitchen (...) Then the man left, and Lenya went into the kitchen and asked for tea.
“Do you know what he needed?” - he asked me.
“How should I know? These are your questions,” I remarked. “He certainly looks official, he looks like an accountant.”
“No, he’s not an accountant,” Lenya smiled again - "The thieves sent him to shoot me"…
“Well, I wouldn’t let him shoot himself - I would have knocked the gun out, but otherwise I would explain to him what and how, so that he could pass it on to his friends.”

The last time Usvyatsov was released from prison was in 1992. And he immediately got involved in his work. In general, the time has come for the brigades and foremen. In June 1994 he was killed. At 58 years old. He did not live 6 years before the triumph of his main student. I would now be on the Forbes list or a minister.

On the monument to Usvyatsov, poems that the deceased composed during his lifetime are carved on both sides. There's something about women, "the last two sticks in the liver tripe" and that “I died, but the mafia is immortal.” Well... you've all been listening to greasy jokes about “licking America” and “circumcision so that nothing else can grow back” at press conferences since 2000. It’s good not in verse.

However, what language should a person who was taught by the “Leningrad street” and the criminal authority “Lyonya the Athlete” speak? - That's right, on a hairdryer. Soak him in the toilet, swallow dust, send a doctor, kick him around the corner, etc.

True, it’s one thing to have a flight of fancy from a criminal authority in a narrow circle, and another thing to see a speech by the head of state on television. It is possible to pull a Gopnik out of the gateway, but it is impossible to pull the Gopnik out of the Gateway.

In the photo below is the famous Soviet stuntman and athlete-wrestler Nikolai Nikolaevich Vashchilin (far right).

Vashilin has been around since the 1960s. I know Putin, and Usvyatsov, and Rotenberg. We studied together in the same section. Today he is retired, the author of a series of books and essays (“We Died at the Will of the Directors,” “Russia in the Shackles of Lies,” etc.) about the years spent in sports and cinema. Nikolai Nikolaevich does not speak very flatteringly about his former judo comrade Rotenberg:

“In 1978, Arkasha Rotenberg graduated from the Institute of Physical Education in absentia and quietly worked as an assistant coach in the LOS DSO TRUD of his senior coach Leonid Ionovich Usvyatsov (a repeat offender-thief who served 10 years in prison twice, which is civilizedly hushed up by the entire Putin sambo section). By the way, L. I. Usvyatsov was killed in 1994, and at the funeral at the Bolsheokhtinsky cemetery they almost killed Arkasha Rotenberg, but he cleverly managed to hide. Sambist - after all. Usvyatsov’s grave is modest, but the text of the epitaph is entertaining, defining the main direction of the education of young people.”

What kind of affairs Rotenberg had with Usvyatsov in the early 90s, what kind of shootout was at the funeral, in which Rotenberg was almost killed, Vashchilin does not specify. And Rotenberg too.

Vashchilin (second from right) and Rotenberg. And the one on the far left seems to be Zubkov, Prime Minister of the Russian Federation in 2007-2008.

Another interesting evidence that can be gleaned from Vashchilin’s memoirs is how Putin ended up at the super criminal law faculty of Leningrad State University in 1970. This is one of the mysteries of his biography. Putin’s family had no money (his mother was a janitor, his father was a watchman, and later a foreman at Vagonostroitelny). Putin studied at a sports school, where instead of lessons there are training sessions. There are no miracles. He himself could not pass the exams in such a criminal place. According to Vashchilin, it was coach Leonid Usvyatsov who, through his acquaintances, got him into Leningrad State University under a sports quota:

“Putin’s visit to Leningrad State University was arranged through sports recruitment and personally by V.E. Solovyov (sambo coach) and M.M. Bobrov (head of the physical education department) by L.I. Usvyatsov himself... By the way, L.I. Usvyatsov in 1982 In 2009 he again got a second sentence, but under Article 88 and stayed until 1992. Upon release, Leonid Ionovich Usvyatsov organized the athletes into a detachment of security guards (with the permission of Smolny) and was killed by competitors in 1994, and Vladimir Kumarin took his place in the organization.”

Sports recruitment to a university in the USSR meant that the athlete needed for the institute was “pushed” through the exams, and then he actually didn’t study there - the grades were given anyway. But I had to compete for the university team and bring medals. This is how Vova Putin became a “lawyer”. True, as Putin admitted to journalist Oleg Blotsky in a book about himself (“Vladimir Putin. Life Story.” 2001), he was uncomfortable at the law faculty:

“Perhaps at some stage at the university I tried not to advertise that my parents were not just workers, my mother was even a laborer. Of course, it would be more pleasant for me, especially in my first year at university, if I could say that my father is a professor, and my mother, say, an associate professor...”

Photo 40 years later. Another era. Rector of Moscow State University, mathematician Sadovnichy, and young scientist Katya Tikhonova (Putina). Katya is so talented in mathematics that Professor Sadovnichy co-authors scientific papers with her. And she was even included (at the age of 28) in the Academic Council of Moscow State University. Well... it will be more pleasant for her dad (and his complexes).

In the above-mentioned quote from Vashilin about Putin’s admission to Leningrad State University, there is also an interesting phrase about the fact that Putin’s benefactor Usvyatsov in the 90s put together his own team of athletes and was "killed by competitors in 1994, and his place in organizations occupied by Vladimir Kumarin". What kind of “organization” did Putin’s coach Usvyatsov join with his team in the 90s? Nikolai Nikolaevich delicately does not mention... But if the main one there was Vladimir Kumarin (aka “Kum”), then this Tambov organized crime group. Its backbone really consisted of athletes.

It turns out that Putin’s judo coach, after leaving prison in 1992, joined the best people in the city - the Tambov group. “Comrades in the struggle”, however.

Vladimir Kumarin (“Kum”), photo from 1993. His right hand is still intact, holding a bottle of Champagne. In June 1994, when Usvyatsov was killed, there was an attempt on Kumarin’s life. He survived, was treated for a long time, and lost his arm.

Kumarin is a former boxer, in Brezhnev times he was a bouncer at Pushkar (a popular pub on Bolshaya Pushkarskaya) and in other establishments in Leningrad. In the 90s he received the nickname “night governor of St. Petersburg.”

His Tambov organized crime group arose in 1988. Usvyatsov was then in prison, Putin was in Dresden, Rotenberg headed the wrestling club “RVS” (Guys of the Vyborg Side). Officially, “RVS” was created in 1979 for troubled teenagers. It was assumed that club coaches (like Rotenberg) would re-educate young bandits into worthy members of society.

Rotenberg's successes in this field are not known. According to Nikolai Vashchilin, the RVS club was doing the opposite. It was a training base for bandits from “sports” groups. In his review of the 2011 book “Roof” by writer Evgeny Vyshenkov (about the history of Leningrad racketeering), Nikolai Vashchilin writes:

“Zhenya Vyshenkov completely forgot to analyze the results of the work of Arkady Rotenberg, a friend of V. Putin... in a club for the correction of difficult-to-educate teenagers on the Vyborg side - the RVS (Guys of the Vyborg Side) sambo school... The guys there trained in wrestling and boxing ( Kumarin V.S., Agapkin A., Goloshchapov K.V., Kononov N., etc.) a lot, the country did not need sporting achievements in the late 1980s, the USSR, but newly minted entrepreneurs demanded protection from bandits... You feel where I’m going with this... After all, from the numerous karatekas and various fighters, we are outstanding champions We didn’t see them, but there were countless killers and authorities...”

Yes, it’s clear where Nikolai Nikolaevich is going with this. It turns out that Rotenberg had not only difficult teenagers in the RVS club. Such respected people from the Tambov organized crime group as Vladimir Kumarin and his friend Konstantin Goloshchapov went to practice hand-to-hand combat and keep in shape. Moreover, the latter is not only a friend of Kumarin, but also an old judo acquaintance of Putin. Another childhood friend. In Soviet times, Goloshchapov was an orderly at the Mariinsky Hospital, in the 90s he was an ordinary St. Petersburg bandit.

Goloshchapov at Kumarin's anniversary. St. Petersburg, 2006

On this anniversary (Kumarin was 50 years old), history happened. Tambov authority Alexander Popov (“Pop”) distinguished himself. It's even horrible on central television channels.

After drinking a little, “Pop” decided to raise a toast to “Kum.”

The toast turned out like this:

“I would like to raise a toast to those who... Well, you know, how to put it... in a simplified way... We started with him... Doing things together... Maybe business (smiles)... there.. There were a number of other issues that we dealt with... We were building up all these things (laughter in the hall)… Well, I drank a little, but that’s how it is!!! Well, that’s why I invite everyone to raise a glass to Vladimir Sergeich, God grant him the most important health!”

Those present, of course, understood everything correctly. As for those who started working together with the hero of the day, well... a number of issues that they dealt with. One of these was Goloshchapov. Rotenberg, Usvyatsov, and other “comrades in struggle” of V.V. Putin dealt with the same “number of issues.”

For some time now, they began to write about Goloshchapov in the Russian media as about Putin’s “favorite masseur.” Goloshchapov is a great master of massage and supposedly Putin since the 90s. loved going to the bathhouse with him, where he successfully massaged his (Putin’s) organs. And this is a big plus in the current system of government of the Russian Federation.

Well, also, like many brothers of the 90s, Goloshchapov became involved in religion and hangs out (together with Poltavchenko) in the Russian Athos Society.

Goloshchapov on the right, if anything.

And now we come to the main part of our story. Since 1991, Putin has been the vice-mayor of St. Petersburg, since 1996 he has held high positions in Moscow, and since 2000 he has been the President of the Russian Federation. With such an abundance of friends in the sports-gangster environment and with such positions (on his part), mutually beneficial cooperation was established very quickly. Especially considering Vladimir Vladimirovich’s extreme greed for money.

Entrepreneur Maxim Freidzon (“Max the Gunsmith”), close to the Tambov gang, who personally knew Putin in the 1990s, gave an extensive interview to Radio Liberty in May 2015. He talked about the gangster Petersburg of the 90s (Freidzon now lives in Israel). And in particular, that Putin in the 90s was I personally know Kumarin and had a joint business with him (petroleum products, gas stations, etc.).

Maxim Freidzon also described Putin’s personal qualities as he saw him in the 1990s. The main ones turned out to be the “money fetish” and the absence of any moral restrictions, even those accepted in the criminal environment...

At the same time, in 2015, when Freidzon shared his memories with the press, the trial in the Litvinenko case began in London. And if you read the court materials on this case, you understand that “Max the Gunsmith” is right. At the head of Russia is a lawless man, stupefied by greed.

As follows from the case materials, the joint business of Putin and the Tambov organized crime group included not only gas stations and oil products. But also White powder. The one from Colombia. He was taken through the port, which Putin gave control to the bandits.

Those. the great superman athlete, champion of the Russian World and a healthy lifestyle in the 90s helped flood the country with drugs. To make money. Even more money. Moreover, Vova Putin’s assistant in the St. Petersburg mayor’s office, security officer Viktor Ivanov, was responsible for connections with the drug mafia. A great friend of the Tambov organized crime group and Kumarin personally in matters of cocaine smuggling. And now, you will laugh, V.P. Ivanov is the head of the State Drug Control Service of Russia.

Victor Ivanov. Verified Human.

Litvinenko began to investigate this topic. I met with Tambov authorities who left for Spain in the 2000s, as well as with Kumarin, which he was careless to report in one interview. As a result, security officer Lugovoi hastily arrived from Moscow to London with Polonium-210. It left a terrible trace all over the city, but Litvinenko still sprinkled this nasty thing into his tea. For this, Putin made him a deputy and gave him the Order of Merit for the Fatherland.

Coumarin was also neutralized, just in case. The magnificent anniversary in 2006 became his swan song. In 2007, he was suddenly arrested, given a long term for extortion, then (after the first verdict) he was given another term in another case (and in this case they add up). As a result, Kumarin, at 51 years old, was sentenced to 25 years and he will not be released very soon.

In the scandalous “Russian mafia case”, which is currently being examined in Spain, there are wiretaps of conversations between bandits in Spain and Russia. We listened to them for several years, there were different topics: how to appoint Bastrykin as head of the Investigative Committee, what to do with Putin’s villa in Marbella, which is registered to dummies, and other economic issues. And in 2007 they actively discussed the arrest of “Kum”. And the boys from the Motherland reported that, “The Tsar ordered.” Those. Putin.

Somehow the “king”, of course, is offending here. No, I’m not a fan of autocracy or monarchism there. But still, calling a backstreet gopnik king with all his habits, cheap show-offs, and complexes is overkill. This is somehow already degradation of the state. They lived to see drug dealers on the throne. Yes, but they also say that every nation has the government it deserves?

Original taken from helgimat in Companions in the Fight

There is no set or even agreed upon date. It is as old as the world itself.

Once upon a time, when there was still a small community, people had to earn food by hunting and gathering. Children, barely starting to walk, also took part in this, and this is how, gradually, observing the lives of adults, they learned. When there was a transition from predominant hunting to agriculture and the relative provision of clans and tribes with food, older people were able to become relatively free from direct participation in collecting food, but they became the first teachers. The relative abundance of free time and rich life experience contributed to the strengthening of their status. Moreover, it became noticeable: with targeted training of children, the benefits of their work were more obvious.

Everyone knows examples of how teachers, during the period of persecution, risking themselves, taught children their native culture, language and religion; how in the Moscow metro during the bombings they gave lessons to children; how in partisan detachments they trained teenagers between battles, with a machine gun at the ready...

No wonder the Arabs say: “ The heart of a true student and a true teacher is connected by an invisible thread " Truly, this is the thread that binds generations!

Fatima Manzur

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A teacher is one of the most in-demand professions. It is necessary regardless of geographic location, type of political system, or fashion trends. Once upon a time, when labor was not divided into specific professions, only the oldest and most experienced members of the tribes became teachers. As society developed, representatives of this profession began to practice special skills. Thus, the work of a teacher turned into a craft.

Relevance of the teacher's work

The concept of who a teacher is arose in Europe already at the end of the 18th century. In the modern world, this profession is becoming increasingly important due to scientific and technological progress. Teachers accompany each child almost from infancy. And the rhythm of life of a modern person is so high and intense that one has to study throughout one’s entire life - not excluding retirement age.

How did the profession originate?

Who a teacher is has been known since the time of Confucius. The philosopher wrote in his writings that teachers should pass on knowledge from generation to generation. A significant breakthrough in the development of this profession was made during the times of Ancient Greece. The first educational institutions appeared here for the first time. These were boarding schools, schools, lyceums. Often the ancient Greek philosophers themselves acted as teachers in their own schools. Since the Middle Ages, education has become compulsory for every clergyman and ruler. Then education gradually began to become widespread. Almost all representatives of the upper strata of the population began to study. Education also became available to women. Special closed institutes were created for them.

Definition

The most accurate definition of this profession was given in Ozhegov’s dictionary: “A teacher is a person who teaches something.” D. N. Ushakov’s dictionary defines representatives of this craft as those who “are engaged in teaching any subject in lower or high school.” According to the Small Academic Dictionary of the Russian Language, a teacher is someone who teaches a subject within the walls of a school, or someone who instructs and teaches others.

What should a teacher be like?

Anyone who has thought about who a teacher is could discover one important pattern in practice: in addition to a thorough knowledge of the subject being taught, a successful and effective representative of this profession must have excellent communication skills. If he does not know how to communicate with his audience - be it first-graders or students preparing to enter graduate school - the value of his knowledge will tend to zero. After all, he will not be able to convey them - which means that students will not be able to assimilate and apply them in practice.

In addition, a good teacher must have great patience and the ability to respect the student’s personality. Who is a teacher if not one who has managed to find an individual approach to the student, allowing him to assimilate the required amount of knowledge as effectively as possible? Therefore, a good teacher is not only an author of scientific papers who has all the necessary diplomas. This is also a subtle psychologist who knows how to convey knowledge to a specific student.

There are different definitions of what a teacher means. However, we can say for sure that this profession is creative, and it has both positive and negative sides. In addition to the creative element, the work of a teacher is not without routine. After all, it is he who has to constantly draw up study plans and check homework. To be a successful representative of his profession, he needs to carefully carry out all this routine work. A teacher, in addition to the main element of his work - teaching - has many other responsibilities.

Who does the teacher work with?

A professional teacher must also be a strong-willed, restrained person. After all, he has to work with one of the most difficult age groups - teenagers. For students in this category, not only attention is required, but also the ability to maintain discipline. The educational process should not be disrupted due to students being distracted by gadgets, communication, or games. As for working with older students, as a rule, much fewer problems arise with them, because puberty is behind them, and professional self-determination comes to the fore. However, when working with young men, the teacher must also show attentiveness, perseverance, and the ability to organize the educational process in a quality manner.

Who is a teacher: description

What other things, besides teaching, is a teacher busy with? His responsibilities typically include the following:

• Drawing up a training plan.
• Preparing for lessons, drawing up lesson plans.
• Selection of the most effective teaching methods.
• Work on the preparation of various official documents: letters of recommendation, descriptions, characteristics, etc.
• Control of student behavior.
• Self-education. Each representative of this profession must study throughout his life.

Requirements for teachers

The first thing every good teacher should have is excellent knowledge of their subject area. A teacher must be able to know a lot, and at the same time constantly develop. Must also have flexibility and the ability to make quick decisions under pressure. The teacher must also love children and find a common language not only with students, but also with their parents. The essential qualities of a good teacher are a good memory, intelligence, and attention to detail.

Profession "teacher": all the pros and cons

The advantages of this profession, as a rule, include:

• Flexible work schedule. Typically, a teacher’s working day ends by three o’clock in the afternoon, while office workers are forced to endure the arrival of the cherished 18:00.
• Long holidays, holidays. The teacher, as a rule, goes on vacation with his students.
• An interesting job that involves various types of activity: today the teacher is preparing a seminar, tomorrow he holds competitions among students, the day after tomorrow there is a holiday. Many teachers say that their calling is the only thing that keeps them in the profession despite all the difficulties.
• Respect in society, the importance of the profession. Despite the fact that all professions are important to society, it is still customary to show special respect to teachers.
• Opportunity to earn extra money through tutoring.

But despite the many advantages of the teaching profession, there are also disadvantages:

• The need to constantly meet educational standards and norms and master new programs.
• Additional workload in the form of working from home - checking homework, preparing for lessons.
• As a rule, work in a female team.
• Lack of prospects for career growth.
• Low salary.