Preparing for school lessons Part 1. Preparing your child for school: hard work or fun game? Sample home study schedule

Hello dear colleagues and caring parents! In this section I will publish my lessons with children in preparation for school.

Today, June 1, my "Home School" has opened! Why homemade? I teach classes at home. I have a private house in which the largest and most spacious room turns into a study room on the day of class.

I also have a large enough yard for children's games and a garden plot, which will also play a role in the education and development of my little students. Well, and most importantly, there is a wide experience of pedagogical work with primary school students and the experience of just a mother of three children.

Are you surprised that my school opened on June 1st, the first day of summer vacation? There is an explanation for this. Firstly, summer holidays are a rest for school students, and my little students are still preschoolers. Secondly, summer is the time for teachers' holidays. Namely, at this time, caring parents turn to primary school teachers for help. And their request for help is simple: "Please, prepare your child for school."

My little students this year are not yet going to school. Therefore, I intend to work with them until May 31, 2015, that is, exactly one year. There are 4 children in my small group so far. These are my two sons: six-year-old Pavlusha and four-year-old Andryusha and daughters of my close friends, two five-year-old girls Ladushka and Sasha. The team is small, but united by one spirit and a common goal. Most importantly, I have assistants, two wonderful mothers of girl students. One mother is an artist, and the other is a teacher of a music school.

I do not have my own personal methodology for preparing children for school. But there is 17 years of experience in school as a primary school teacher and the experience of a mother with many children. With my eldest daughter, who is 24 years old, we went through preparation for school, and primary classes, and the USE in grade 11, and 5 years of university.

The basis for conducting preparatory classes for school is 5 main goals that we will all try to achieve together.

1. Development of memory and attention.

2. Replenishment of vocabulary, development of speech and general outlook.

3. Development of fine motor skills of the fingers.

4. Learning to count within the first ten and the alphabet.

5. Aesthetic development (music, painting).

And now I will describe in detail the course of 1 lesson.

Lesson number 1

On the day of the lesson, my preschool children will be with me for 2 hours. Each lesson is complex and it is impossible to give out such a large amount of information to preschoolers in one fell swoop. Each stage of the lesson should last no more than 15-20 minutes. Between each stage, there will be outdoor games, games in the room on the carpet, musical breaks and, of course, work on the backyard. For each child, I have allocated a garden bed - a small vegetable garden on which the children will plant various plants. During the summer, we will take care of the seedlings, observe their growth and development. Well, in the end, I hope we will reap the harvest.

And now we go point by point:

1. Development of memory and attention.

You can choose the pictures for "photographing" yourself, but if you want, I will share with you my presentation with a selection of pictures.

Download the presentation can be found on the website:

2. Replenishment of vocabulary, development of speech and general outlook.

In the first lesson, I limited myself to cards according to the method of Glen Doman (domestic and wild animals).

3. Development of fine motor skills of the fingers.

Here I use the recipe of Olesya Zhukova. Here are the recipe pages I chose for the first lesson. They can be downloaded from the website page (click on the picture and it will enlarge, then right-click and select "Save Image As ...")

4. Learning to count within the first ten and the ABC.

Counting training:

The first thing I started with was a voiced presentation by the method of Glen Doman "Mathematics from the cradle". I am not at all confused by the word "from the cradle". I like this technique and it doesn't matter to me that my little students have long since crawled out of these very swaddling clothes.

I made the numbers in Microsoft Word in A4 format, printed them out and cut them.

For this stage of the lesson, I have one more presentation “Learning to count from 1 to 5. A collection for kids” in stock. Here, first, I visually introduce the concept of "number", and only then "digit". All pictures on slides appear on click. Moving to the next slide is also clickable. The presentation quality is excellent. You can pick up this presentation directly from the site.

Download presentation:

In the first lesson, I gave the block "Count from 1 to 5", because my students are already familiar with numbers. Here, on the Nachalochka website, you can see additional materials on this topic in the Mathematics section.

ABC. Sound [a] and letters Aa.

To work with the alphabet, I use assignments from the following sources:

Workbook "Learning to read and write kids"

Primer N. S. Zhukova

A page from Olesya Zhukova's prescription with the letter A (see above on this page).

I do not schedule my lesson in great detail, because this article is intended primarily for my colleagues - primary school teachers. And they know what and where to say, what questions to ask, etc.

5. Aesthetic education.

In the first lesson, I used my favorite “finger painting”. You can read more about this type of drawing on the same Taratorki website. In the side menu, select the heading "Drawing" and then "drawing with your fingers." On the website page you can download pictures for coloring. On this site I also have children's pictures for coloring, which are suitable for drawing with your fingers. See here: (download link under the flash video).

All stages of the lesson were successful. Moreover, the guys could not part. When their mothers came for the children, they had to spend another couple of hours with me.

I scheduled my next class for Wednesday, June 4th. The course of the lesson number 2 and all subsequent ones will be published on the site. If you are interested in the topic "Preparing a child for school" - wait for my new article. Subscribe to the newsletter and stay up to date with the latest news on my site.

When a child is prepared for learning, he takes the initiative in his studies and extracurricular activities, he will not have any difficulties in the process of studying and communicating with classmates. This article will help you prepare your child for school at home, determine the level of his knowledge and motivational readiness.

Parents of future first graders are worried about whether their child is ready for school? After all, it is very important not only to send the baby to the first grade, but to do it on time - when the child is ready to attend an educational institution morally and sufficiently developed for this.

A mistake in determining a child's readiness can be costly: unwillingness to attend an educational institution, refusal to learn lessons, depression, uncontrollable behavior - all this will be demonstrated by a first-grader who is at school “at the wrong time”. To avoid troubles and prevent psychological trauma in a child, parents should be very attentive to the issue of compliance of the level of his knowledge and skills with modern requirements.

Requirements for preparing a child for school: a list

By now, a whole list of what a future first grader should know and be able to do has been formed:

Confidently state your last name, first name and patronymic
Your date of birth
Home address
Name of mom and dad (grandmothers, grandfathers and other relatives - optional)
Parents' place of work
Famous poets and writers in the country
Holidays
Distinguish between the concepts: "forward - backward", "right - left"
Days of the week
Colors and shades
Seasons (with months)
Traffic rules on the road
Distinguish between domestic and wild animals, call them babies
Name garden, forest, wildflowers
Name migratory and wintering birds
Distinguish fruits from vegetables
Know the profession
Name the types of transport and the method of its movement
Retell what you heard
Anwser the questions
Compose a story from a picture
Coming up with fairy tales
Recite poetry by heart
Describe from memory
Copy text and picture
End sentences
Find an extra object, picture, word, letter
Solve riddles
Count from 0 to 10 and back
Know the composition of numbers
Distinguish between the concepts of "more", "less"
Know the shapes
Write in cells
Know letters, distinguish them from sounds
Determine the first and last letter (sound) in a word
Match words for the suggested letter
Read simple words and syllables
Know when a sentence ends
Trace a contour
Hold the pen

Despite the fact that a child must learn many of these skills in elementary school, testing before entering the first grade is carried out precisely on these points.

Cognitive interest, quick reaction, out-of-the-box and logical thinking will be formed in a preschooler if you regularly conduct math classes with him in a playful way.

For these lessons to be beneficial and enjoyable for their child, parents should consider:

child's age
level of preparation
ability to concentrate
interest in classes

Math lessons- these are not monotonous examples and problems. To interest the child and diversify the mathematics lessons, the following types of tasks should be used in working with preschoolers:

problems with geometric shapes
math riddles
tasks are jokes
puzzle

IMPORTANT: Any task should be selected individually, taking into account its degree of complexity and the level of development of the child.

Math games

"Houses"... Draw 3 three-story houses, each on a separate sheet. Draw 3 windows on each floor. Draw curtains at random on some windows. Tell your child that people are already living in apartments with curtains. Ask him to populate people on the other floors so that there will be an equal number of residents on each floor. Let him finish painting the multi-colored curtains in the windows of the apartments where he put people. Then ask to count which house has more tenants.

"Drawings from geometric shapes"... Draw any geometric shape on the sheet. Ask your child to come up with a drawing using the suggested shape. If the kid did not understand the task, show, for example, how easily a circle can turn into a sun, a snowman or a car wheel.

"Connect the numbers". Ask your child to connect the numbers with lines. Explain that if he does it correctly, he will see the drawing. For younger children, use pictures with numbers up to 10, for older children, use more complex pictures with numbers up to 30 or 50.

IMPORTANT: Group activities increase the child's interest in what is happening. The sense of competition, which is highly developed in preschool age in most children, will not allow the child to be distracted.

Game "Connect the numbers"

Entertaining math questions and puzzles:

How many legs do three cats have and how many legs do two birds have?
How many ears are there in two mice?
Natasha's mother has a daughter, Masha, a cat, Fluff, and a dog, Druzhok. How many daughters does mom have?
Which is heavier: 1 kg of stones or 1 kg of fluff?

The hare has five hares

They sit on the grass with my mother.

The other hare has three

They are all white, look!

How many are three and five?

Pears fell from the branches to the ground

Pears were crying, tears dropped

Katya collected them in a basket

I gave everything to my friends in the kindergarten:

Two Pavlushka, three Seryozha,

Marinke and Arinke,

Masha, Nadya and Oksana

And one thing, of course, for mom.

Count it up quickly

How many are Katya's friends?

Five geese were flying in the sky

The two decided to dine,

And one is to take a break.

How many set off on the road?

Mother brought the mother hen

Seven chickens for a walk in the garden.

All chickens are like flowers.

Five sons, and how many daughters?

Four blue plums

They were hanging on a tree.

Children ate two plums

And how many did not have time?

IMPORTANT: Encourage the child's interest in such tasks, praise if he tries to come up with similar tasks on his own.

Preparing for school: educational reading tasks for children

Reading Is one of the most important disciplines. The better a child learns to read, the easier it will be for him to learn at school. The purpose of training- to explain to the child the principles and rules of reading, to get the preschooler to confidently read letters, syllables and short words.

IMPORTANT: Due to the fact that information is perceived by young children somewhat differently than by adults, it is necessary to teach reading only in a playful way.

Child's Reading Learning Plan simple enough:

Memorize letters with your child in this order: all vowels, hard voiced consonants, voiceless and hissing consonants.
Achieve fast and error-free letter definitions.
Teach your child to read sounds, that is, pronounce the letters already familiar to him as one. Start with easy-to-read and easy-to-pronounce syllables (na, ma, la, yes) and gradually move on to more complex ones (zhu, ku, gu, fo).
Move on to reading short words consisting of several simple syllables (ma-ma, ba-ba, o-la, cat, house).
Make the task a little more difficult every day, enter a few difficult words.
When your child learns to read words, move on to reading short sentences.
After the child learns to read sentences, you can use various developmental tasks in teaching.

IMPORTANT: During classes, keep track of the purity of the pronunciation of sounds, explain where in the sentence you need to pause between words.

Find the word game... Invite your child to look for a specific word in a small, unfamiliar text. Moreover, this must be done in a certain time (for example, in one minute).

"Loudly, quietly, to myself"... Ask your child to read more quietly, now louder, now to himself. According to your instructions, he should switch from one type of reading to another as quickly as possible. Make sure that the pace of reading does not change.

"Syllables on cards"... Write the syllables on the cards so that you can form words from them. Ask your child to help the lost syllables find their friends and come together in words. Play the game daily, gradually adding new syllables.

"Vowels consonants"... Have the child name or write as many consonants and then vowels as possible in 30 seconds.

"Answers on questions". Prepare some simple text questions. Invite your child to look for answers to these questions as they read the text.

Reading with interference. Teach your child to read regardless of the environment. Play music or TV for a short while while reading. Make sure that the child continues to read, regardless of the change in the sound background.

"Letter size". Reading texts with different fonts should not be a problem for a child. To do this, offer him daily to print and read letters of different sizes on his own.

"Words are shape-shifters"... Show your child the words that change the meaning when reading them the other way around: "cat - tok", "call", etc. Explain that you should always read from left to right.

"Reading through teeth"... Complicate the usual daily reading with an unusual fun task: the child should read without opening his teeth. After reading the text, you need to retell it.

"We missed a letter"... Write 5 - 10 words familiar to him, in each of which skip one letter. Ask the prospective first grader to insert the missing letters into words.

"Similar words." Write several pairs of words similar in spelling, but different in meaning: "cat - whale", "hand - river", "house - smoke". Ask your child to read the pairs and explain the meaning of each word.

Read in a minute... Encourage your child to read the same text every day "at speed". Notice that each day he reads faster and clearer, and moves further in the allotted minute. For clarity, it is better to use an hourglass.

Sometimes children have difficulty completing developmental reading assignments. This happens for the following reasons:

Uncertainty. To make sure that a syllable or word is read correctly, the child rereads it several times in a row.
Scattered attention. Preschoolers quickly lose interest in, in their opinion, boring activities.
Insufficient concentration of attention. The child cannot perceive the whole word, but concentrates attention only on the first few letters or syllables.
Small vocabulary. The child pronounces unfamiliar words uncertainly when reading.
Bad memory. The child does not remember letters, sounds, forgets the principle of the formation of syllables and words.
Violations of the speech apparatus, chronic diseases of the ENT organs (otitis media, enlarged tonsils).

Video: How to teach a child to read?

Preparing for school, developing writing tasks for children

The greatest difficulties for all first-graders, without exception, arise when performing graphic assignments. This happens for three reasons:

lack of interest in the child
immaturity of the musculature of the hands
inexperience

To facilitate the process of mastering writing at school, parents should start working with their child from an early age. Game developmental tasks will help to interest the preschooler.

"Labyrinth"... Invite your child to find a way out of the maze for a mouse running away from a cat, or a bunny that lags behind his mother. Using a pen or pencil, you need to show the animal the right path.

"Draw the drawing." Draw a bouquet of flowers and invite the kid to finish painting a vase for the bouquet, let him put fish in an empty aquarium, draw a door in the house. The more such tasks a child completes, the more confidently he will hold a pencil in his hands.

"Drawing by dots"... Ask your child to connect the dots together in such a way that you get a drawing. If your child has any difficulty in completing this task, give him a hint.

"Hatching"... Ask your child to do any exercises that require shading. These tasks are required for practicing graphic movements. During execution, make sure that the lines go from top to bottom, from left to right.

IMPORTANT: The development of fine motor skills in children is facilitated by modeling, playing with a mosaic, a designer, beads, finger gymnastics.

When the child learns to confidently hold a pencil in his hands, invite him to trace along the dotted line. You can immediately circle funny children's pictures, then - letters or their elements.

Preparing for school: developing tasks for the speech development of children

You can easily and naturally develop a child's speech with the help of fun tasks and exciting games.

"Impromptu"... Prepare 5 to 7 cards with situations or actions that are familiar to your child. Lay the cards face down in front of the child. Invite him to choose any card and ask him to come up with a story based on it. To make the child interesting, you can involve other family members in the task and arrange a competition for the best story.

"Associations"... Show the child a picture that depicts some familiar action (birds fly south, a woman buys bread, children go to kindergarten, etc.). Ask your child to name the words that he associates with the picture in the picture.

Playing with adjectives. Ask your child to form adjectives from the words provided by answering the questions: "which", "which", "which"?

Light (light, light, light)
Home (home, home, home)
Wood (wood, wood, wood)
Iron (iron, iron, iron)
Snow (snowy, snowy, snowy)
Sand (sandy, sandy, sandy)

Synonyms and antonyms... Ask your child to choose words that are similar and opposite in meaning to arbitrary adjectives.

Regular speech therapy exercises will help to achieve the purity of pronunciation of sounds:

"Angry cat"... The child's mouth is open, the tongue rests on the lower teeth, while curved in the same way as a cat arches its back when it is angry.

"Pencil"... Place the pencil in front of your child, at the level of his lips, on any hard, flat surface. Ask your child to place the edge of the tongue on the lower lip and blow hard on the pencil in this position. The exercise is complete if the pencil rolls.

"Nut"... The child rests his tongue on the right cheek, then on the left. In this case, the mouth is closed, the muscles of the cheeks and tongue are tense.

"Snake"... The mouth is open. The child extends and hides his tongue so that he does not touch his lips or teeth.

"Clock"... The child's lips are parted, smiling. The tip of the tongue touches the right and left corners of the lips.

"Toothbrush"... Use the tip of your tongue to simulate the action of a toothbrush. Thus, it is necessary to "clean" the lower and upper teeth, inside and outside. It is important that the lower jaw remains motionless.

"Fence"... A child for 10 - 15 seconds shows a "fence" of teeth, smiling as widely as possible for this.

IMPORTANT: If you cannot correct the pronunciation of some sounds on their own, parents should contact a speech therapist.

Home preparation of children for school: educational games

Home preparation for school implies systematic parenting with a child. It is important to devote at least a few hours a day to the preschooler, turning everyday activities and ordinary joint walks into exciting games. Parents should show imagination, find an individual approach to their child, act according to his interests.

Here are just a few options for joint educational games with a preschooler:

"Tell me the number." While walking, ask your child to name the numbers of houses and passing vehicles indicated on the plates.

"How many trees?" Together, count all the trees that come your way while walking. You can also count passing cars, all or a certain color (size, brand).

"Who changed places?" Place 8 - 10 soft toys in front of your child, ask him to look at them carefully, and then turn away. At this time, swap some of the toys. When the child turns around, let him try to guess who changed places.

"Favorite cartoon". Watch his favorite cartoon with your child. Ask questions about its content, ask the child to tell what it is about.

"A fairy tale for grandmother"... Read a story to your child. Ask to tell your grandmother (dad, aunt, sister) what this fairy tale is about, describe the characters, their appearance and character.

Regular modeling, drawing, puzzles and mosaics will captivate the child and, at the same time, contribute to the development of fine motor skills of the fingers.

IMPORTANT: Do not rush the child, do not get angry if he does not succeed in something right away. Educational games should not only educate the child, but also become entertainment for him.

Home preparation of children for school: developmental exercises

Developmental exercises with preschoolers can be performed not only in a notebook, sitting at a desk, but also on the street. Outdoor lessons will appeal to every child and will be remembered for a long time.

"Seasons".

Take a walk with your child autumn alley... Show the future schoolchild the colorful leaves of different trees. Tell us about the seasons and the changes in nature that occur with the onset of autumn, winter, spring and summer. Have the child choose some pretty leaves and keep them at home, between the pages of a thick book. When the leaves are dry, have the child trace the outline on a piece of paper and color.
V snowy winter days go out together to feed the sparrows and titmouses. Tell your child about wintering and migratory birds. At home, ask to draw those birds that you like the most.
In the spring Show your child the first flowers in full bloom. Tell us that there are flowers in the field, in the forest, in the garden. Ask for a sound analysis of the words: "rose", "snowdrop", "buttercup", "forget-me-not."
During summer walks draw the child's attention to the rise in temperature outside. Explain that there are summer and winter clothes. Have your child name the clothes to wear in summer, fall, winter, and spring. At home, ask your child to draw summer.

"Applique from cereals and pasta"... Invite your child to make an applique using rice, buckwheat, pasta, semolina, peas and other cereals. Such exercises develop fine motor skills well. Use PVA glue in your work.

"Snowflakes"... Teach your child to cut snowflakes. On a sheet of paper folded 4 and 8 times, ask him to cut out different geometric shapes. Expand the snowflakes and see the result.

Plasticine Fruits and Vegetables. Show your child how fruits and vegetables can be easily molded from multi-colored plasticine. The child must immediately roll the ball, and already turn it into the desired fruit or vegetable. The easiest way to make a bunch of grapes, beets or carrots is a little more difficult.

Developing lesson "Seasons"

Psychological and emotional preparation of children for school: assignments, games, exercises

The onset of school life implies that the preschool period is over. Children have to quickly adapt to new conditions, get used to the workload, get to know teachers and classmates.

To make the adaptation period as easy as possible, parents and teachers are trying to prepare the child for the upcoming changes in life. Group games and exercises are most successful.

"One color"... Two groups of children need to find the largest number of objects of the same color in 10 seconds. The group that finds more items wins.

"Magic circle"... Children are offered to circle a circle according to the pattern and finish drawing any geometric shapes in such a way that a drawing is obtained. When everyone cope with the task, the teacher organizes a drawing competition.

"Repeats". In a group of children of 5 - 7 people, a leader is chosen. The presenter comes forward and shows the children any position. Children try to copy this pose. The new leader becomes the one who managed to cope with the task better than the others.

"Well no". Instead of answering “yes” or “no” to the questions suggested by the teacher, a group of children clap or stomp. It is necessary to agree in advance with the guys that "yes" means clap, and "no" - stamping feet. Questions can be chosen arbitrarily, for example:

"Do the flowers grow in the field?" and "Do flowers fly in the sky?"
"Is the hedgehog carrying an apple?" and "Does the hedgehog climb trees?"

"Meow, woof." Children sit on high chairs. The presenter walks next to the children with closed eyes, then sits in the arms of one of the sitting children and tries to guess who it is. If the leader guessed correctly, the child says "meow", if he was wrong - "woof."

IMPORTANT: Such activities and games help to form communication skills in preschoolers, develop confidence in their own strengths and capabilities, adequate self-esteem, and independence.

It is possible to independently determine whether a child is ready to enter school with the help of a few simple tests, the results of which can be completely trusted.

Draw a school test

Give your child a sketchbook and colored pencils. Ask a future first grader to draw your school. Do not prompt the child, do not help, do not ask leading questions, do not rush. Let him independently depict on paper the school that appears to him.

plot
line drawing
color spectrum

Plot:

2 points- the school is located in the center of the sheet, the drawing also contains decorations and decor, trees, bushes, flowers around the school, students and (or) teachers going to school. In this case, it is important that the figure depicts the warm season and daylight hours.

0 points- the drawing is asymmetrical (the school building is located close to one of the edges of the sheet), people are absent in the drawing, or sad children are depicted leaving school; outdoors in autumn or winter, at night or in the evening.

1 point

Drawing lines:

2 points- lines of objects without breaks, carefully drawn, even and confident, have different thickness.

0 points- lines are fuzzy, weak or careless, the drawing is sketchy; double or broken lines are used.

1 point- the figure contains elements of both characteristics.

Color spectrum:

2 points- the predominance of bright and light colors.

0 points- drawing in dark colors.

1 point- there are both dark and light colors in the drawing.

The sum of the points indicates the child's readiness for school:

5 to 6- the child is ready for school, he has a favorable attitude towards the learning process, will interact with teachers and classmates.

0 to 1- the child is not ready for school, strong fear will prevent him from studying normally, communicating with classmates and the teacher.

It will help to determine whether the child is focused on attending school, the educational process, whether he sees himself as a schoolboy in the near future. test of Nezhenova.

IMPORTANT: This test should only be performed with children who are already attending preparatory courses at school or are well acquainted with the learning process.

Three answer options are offered for each of the presented questions: A, B, C.

A- study orientation, estimated at 2 points

B- orientation towards learning is superficial, not fully formed, attracted by the bright external attributes of school life - 1 point

V- school orientation and learning is absent, the child prefers extracurricular activities - 0 points

Ask your child the following questions, asking you to choose an answer from three options:

Do you want to go to school?

A - yes, very

B - I'm not sure, I don't know, I doubt it

B - no, I don’t want

Why do you want to go to school, what are you interested in there?

B - I want them to buy a beautiful portfolio, notebooks and a uniform, I want new textbooks

B - it's fun at school, there are changes, I will have new friends, I'm tired of kindergarten

How do you prepare for school?

A - I learn letters, read, write recipes, solve examples and problems

B - parents bought a uniform, briefcase or other school supplies

B - I draw, play, sculpt from plasticine

What do you like about school?

A - lessons, classroom activities

B - changes, teacher, new desks, type of school and other things that are not directly related to the process of learning and gaining knowledge

B - physical education and (or) drawing lesson

If you didn't go to school or kindergarten, what would you do at home?

A - read, wrote letters and numbers, solved problems

B - played constructor and drew

B - looked after a cat (or other pet), walked, helped mom

0 – 4 - the child does not realize that he will go to school, does not show interest in the upcoming education

5 – 8 - there is a superficial interest in the learning process, is the initial stage in the formation of the student's position

9 – 10 - the attitude towards school is positive, the child feels like a schoolboy.

Diagnostics of the general preparation of children for school: tests

Diagnostics of the general preparation of children for school is carried out by a psychologist using special tests. Here are some of them:

Test "Yes - No"... The psychologist asks the child to answer the questions in any way, the main thing is that he does not use the words "Yes" and "No". The child tries to find the right words, focuses on not breaking the rules, so his answers will be as truthful as possible.

Do you want to go to school?
Do you like fairy tales?
Do you like cartoons?
Do you want to stay in the kindergarten?
Do you like to play?
Do you want to study?
Do you like to be sick?
You have friends?
Do you know what time of year it is?

When evaluating the results, the teacher determines whether the answer meets the rules of the task. Answers: "aha" or "nope" are not a mistake. One error = 1 b. All answers are correct - 0 p.

0 – 2 - attention is well developed

3 -5 - developed moderately or poorly

5 – 10 - poor, unsatisfactory attention

Determination of motivational readiness... The psychologist asks a number of questions, gives the child time for reflection and reasoning, helps, in case of difficulties:

State your name and age
Name, patronymic and surname of mom and dad
Where do you live?
Name your family members
What are you interested in in your city?
What if you see a person who fell?
When do buds and leaves appear on trees?
Why do you need an army?
How and where do you cross the road? It is right?
How do you know if it rained recently?
Why do you need ears and nose?
Do you want to go to school? What are you going to do there?
How many days are there in a week?
How many seasons of the year? Months? Name them
Your favorite and least favorite professions
What do you like to watch on TV?
What country do you live in? What other countries do you know?
If you broke your knee and bleed, what should you do?
What kind of utensils do you have in your kitchen?
What products do you know?
Which animals are domestic and which are wild? What is the difference?
What is a day? Night?
If you took a toy from a friend and lost it, what will you do?
Count from 1 to 10 and back, what is the number that comes before 5 and after 8
Which is greater than 2 or 3?
What's interesting about school?
How do you behave at a party?
Why are children not allowed to play with matches and fire?
What does it mean: "Do you like to ride, love and carry sledges"?
How do people differ from animals?
What do they pay money for in the store, on the bus, in the cinema?
Who is Gagarin?
What will you do if you see a house burning?

When evaluating the results, the child's ability to reason and conduct a conversation is assessed.

"Snake". A test to determine the level of development of fine motor skills. In 30 seconds, the child should draw dots in the circles. The more he has time to leave points, the better. One point = 1 point. When calculating points, only those points that fall into the circle are taken into account. Points on the border are not counted.

34 and more- excellent development

18 – 33 - above average

12 – 17 - underdevelopment

11 and less- low level, unsatisfactory result.

If the psychologist, after conducting the tests, comes to the conclusion that the child needs to stay in the garden for another year, parents should listen to the opinion of a specialist. Perhaps this year will change a lot in the life of the child, during this time he will realize his role in school, show an interest in gaining knowledge.

Video: Preparing for school, preparing children for school, preparing a child for school

Content

Preparing a child for the 1st grade is not easy. Some parents and grandparents are willing to teach the prospective first grader all night long. In recent years, preparatory courses have become in great demand, which are available at many secondary schools, gymnasiums and in special children's centers. In general, every child (preschooler) must go through the entire preparatory process, consisting of certain stages, only then preparation for school will be successful.

What a child should know and be able to do before entering school

Preparing children for school takes a lot of time, so some parents prefer to send their children to private schools. Such institutions recruit groups of preschool children to learn everything they need under the guidance of professional teachers. At the same time, families should also regularly deal with children, because in any case, an individual approach is important. In order for a child to adapt to school subjects without great difficulty, he must:

know letters;
be able to read (by syllables) small simple texts;
have writing skills;
know the seasons, names of months, days;
know your last name, first name, patronymic;
have a good memory to memorize 5-7 out of 10 clearly named simple words;
find similarities and differences between objects;
be able to subtract and add numbers within the first ten;
know the basic geometric shapes;
know 10-12 primary colors, etc.

Methods of preparing children for school

Before giving any assignments to prepare your child for school, check out several popular methods. With their help, a child can acquire all the necessary skills during training. Teaching methods are usually aimed at developing fine motor skills, logical thinking, obtaining mathematical knowledge, etc. At the same time, taking into account the individual characteristics of the preschooler, you need to do his physical training. Known Primary Education Techniques:

Zaitseva;
Montessori;
Nikitins.

Zaitsev's technique

For the preschool preparation of the child at home to be successful, pay attention to the Zaitsev methodology, which includes an approach to teaching reading, writing, English and Russian. It involves the use of visual perception of information. The main principle is to teach the baby everything necessary without harm to health and taking into account individual characteristics. She is able to activate the channels of information perception, saving time and relieving the kid from cramming. Minus: with individual lessons, the technique is implemented worse than with group lessons.

Montessori technique

An individualized school preparation program, which helps prepare the future first grader, can be organized in accordance with the Montessori methodology. It pays great attention to the development of sensations and fine motor skills of the baby. In the learning process, it is not necessary to use any special aids. Parents must create a full-fledged developmental environment for the baby. The downside is the lack of role-playing and outdoor games in the methodology.

Nikitins technique

To improve your knowledge with homework, check out the Nikitins methodology. Its main principles are development, which should be creative, free. Classes are held alternating: intellectual, creative, sports. A sporty atmosphere plays a fundamental role in the formation of a baby, so all the conditions for this should be created in your home. The methodology is creative, with an emphasis on physical development, creativity, but there is a minus - not all children have a desire to learn.

Preparatory classes for school

You need to start working with your baby from an early age. Particular attention should be paid to psychological preparation. At first, the tasks are completed in a playful way, but then they become more difficult, but interesting. Children usually acquire basic knowledge in kindergartens. You can achieve great results both at home, by inviting a private tutor, and by sending your child to special development centers or preparatory courses at schools.

School preparation courses

When deciding to choose preparatory courses for school, consider the choice of a suitable institution thoroughly. Such courses are available both at the schools themselves and in educational centers, i.e. non-profit organizations. With the help of complex lessons, the team, children can adapt to the school system, lessons. Often, in such courses, preschoolers are taught so that they can easily perform the necessary exercises and correctly answer certain questions. It is much more important for the baby to be able to think creatively, independently reason and draw conclusions.

Preschool Tutor

A tutor for a preschooler is a great option to teach a kid to read and write, to prepare him for future interviews at school. Moreover, some teachers additionally teach children English. Do not forget that a tutor for preparing a child for school must have a teacher education and appropriate qualifications. A big plus of tutoring is an individual approach that will help develop attention, reasoning skills, etc. At the same time, the child will receive deeper knowledge. Cons: difficult to find a decent teacher, high cost.

How much does it cost to prepare a child for school

Preparatory courses will increase your child's readiness for admission, especially if you plan to send him to a gymnasium. Preparing so is recommended for those children who do not attend kindergarten. Classes in specialized institutions are aimed at mastering the basics of writing and reading, teaching reading, developing speech and musical skills, etc. Some centers teach chess, foreign languages, etc. The cost of training in Moscow:

Free preparation

Kindergarten teachers should lay the foundations for counting, writing and reading. Parents have a more important task - to teach kids to bring what they started to the end, let it be some examples from math, drawing or something else. In order for your child to correspond to his age in terms of development, try to communicate with him more, answering all the questions. Pay attention to active games, physical development, teach independence and safety rules.

How to prepare your child for school on your own

To develop memory, logical thinking and other skills at home, read or watch cartoons together, discussing what the child has learned. Ask your baby's opinion more often by asking questions. Try to make homework fun for your preschooler. The advantage of preparing at home is cost savings, and the necessary materials can always be found on the Internet. The downside can be quality, because not all parents have a pedagogical education. In addition, family activities do not always discipline your child.

Where to start preparing

According to psychologists, the most suitable age for the beginning of the training of a future first grader is a period of 3-4 years. Start teaching your child to read and count in a playful manner, for example, while walking, count with him the number of houses, cars, etc. Do crafts together, paying attention to the artistic development of the future first grader: draw, create applications, sculpt, collect puzzles. Set up a comfortable desk at home. Pay attention to your child's motivation, otherwise, learning will progress slowly.

Program

You should not prepare your kid for school in the abstract; try to find requirements, tests, assignments and specific examples of questions. To develop fine motor skills, the child must string pasta or beads, cut something out of paper, paint with paints, create appliqués, embroider, knit, etc. To teach your baby everything you need, pay attention to the following lesson plan:

Materials (edit)

To teach your child everything that is needed when entering school, use special visual aids. You can find a large number of them on thematic web resources. For the development of logical thinking, attention, memory and imagination, there are many educational games that require multi-colored cardboard. For example, to teach literacy, you need a picture book: choose any letter, say it several times and invite your child to circle it with a pencil across the page. More details can be found in the teaching aids.

Pre-school prep games for preschoolers

Educational games will help future preschoolers to consolidate their knowledge of the alphabet, learn to form words, write and read. In addition, such activities contribute to the development of attention and concentration. Moreover, a preschool child is often distracted and cannot concentrate on one type of activity for a long time. Games that will help in the development of the baby:

Title: "Book detective".
Purpose: to develop quick thinking, to teach how to relate letters to specific pictures.
Material: book with illustrations.
Description: instruct the kid to find a picture in the book with a certain letter. If several children participate in the game, then introduce an element of competition, i.e. the winner will be the one who finds the most needed pictures.

Here's another good option:

Title: "Artist-Illustrator".
Purpose: to teach how to handle a book, develop logic, imagination.
Material: several books.
Description: read a short story or verse to your child, and then invite him to pick up drawings for him from other books. Then ask to retell a short story of what you read, based on the selected pictures.

Developmental activities

As developmental exercises, you can use any labyrinths where you need to help a character get to the exit or get somewhere. There are many games that help to improve concentration and increase its volume. Some exercises contribute to the development and voluntary attention. Not a bad version of an educational game:

Title: "Flowers in the flowerbed"
Material: multi-colored cardboard.
Description: cut three blue, orange, red flowers and three rectangular, square, round flower beds from cardboard. Let the kid distribute the colors on the flower beds based on the story - red flowers did not grow on a square or round flower bed, orange flowers did not grow on a rectangular or round one.

Another game that is great for developing a variety of skills for preschoolers:

Title: "How are they similar and how are they different?"
Purpose: to develop logical thinking.
Description: offer the children two objects each, which they must compare and indicate their differences, similarities.

How to psychologically prepare a child for school

The personal and social readiness of a preschooler is that by the time of admission he must be fully prepared for both communication and interaction with peers and adults. For psychological preparation to be truly successful, provide an opportunity for the baby to independently establish contacts with others in the playground.

The so-called "house children" are often afraid of a large crowd of people, although not all adults feel comfortable in the crowd. At the same time, one should not forget that the future first grader will have to be in a team, so try to get out to public events from time to time. Motivate your baby - if he is used to constant praise at home, then evaluate not every step, but the finished result.

Video

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What will a school be like for a child? How important is adaptation in a children's team? Are the requirements of the school teachers feasible? Do I need to prepare my child for first grade? What is the role of the primary school tutor in the preparatory process? Let's talk about this and many other things related to the problems of preschoolers.

Adaptation of kids in a children's team

Tell me, is the psychological comfort of a child so important in a new community? And is it necessary to focus on this? Maybe the problem is far-fetched and more attention should be paid to the educational process?

A primary school tutor, starting to prepare a preschooler, as a rule, also focuses more on the results of the interview of the ward than on his fears of a group of unknown boys and girls. And here you can't do with a couple of soothing phrases, because you need a system, an individual approach.

What do famous teachers, for example, Sukhomlinsky and Amonashvili, think about this, to whom the whole world listens, whose methods are widely used in elementary school? They put in the first place the child's feelings, his personal qualities, which are revealed in the learning process.

Because a downtrodden child, even three times talented, will not be able to reveal himself, to fully show his abilities. In pedagogical practice, there are a lot of cases when a weak average peasant, finding himself in a new team, suddenly begins to study well, behave confidently and actively, and sometimes vice versa.

This means that the first thing that the primary school tutor must pay attention to is the psychological preparation of the student for any team. And when starting his duties, he must explain to the parents of the baby the importance of developing a psychological foundation from which their child's path to conquering the heights of knowledge will begin. How can you feel comfortable on a shaky foundation?

So, to the question of what place should be given to the problem of adaptation in the preparatory process, one can safely answer: the main thing.

The child needs to be taught to communicate, to tell how to react to the actions of peers, how to build relationships in a team. To do this, a primary school tutor should refer to the works of authorship of well-known teachers who work specifically with kids, take advantage of their experience and methods. Yes, this is a delicate and unobtrusive work, but it is very important. A good, competent teacher will not cheat at this stage, and parents should be careful to.

To consolidate the practice with theory, be sure to take your child to playgrounds, any events where he will learn to communicate. And it doesn't matter if the kid goes to kindergarten or he is at home - children learn everything very quickly.

What a child should know when going to school

Despite the fact that there are no entrance exams and tests for admission to the first grade, school administrations, especially prestigious schools, arrange for selection - oral interviews with preschool children.

This means that the primary school tutor should be ready for the mini-exam of his student, prepare him properly and try to make the child perceive this test as another game.

How are interviews going? Usually the head teacher and primary school teacher, school psychologist, speech therapist look through the documents of future students. Then they invite mom or dad with the child to the class. The kid remains at the desk alone with strict aunts, and parents are asked to sit at the end of the class.

Moreover, when drawing up documents and applications with a request to take a child to school, parents give written consent to hold this mini-exam, where the child is asked various questions for about 20 minutes.

Knowledge and skills for admission to the first grade

1. General questions:

- what is the name, name, surname, name, patronymic of parents, their place of work and position, contact phone number;

- where he lives: country, city, street, house and apartment number;

- what plants knows; be able to distinguish domestic animals from wild ones, distinguish between shrubs, flowers, trees;

- name the current year, month, day, date, morning, evening or day, the number of days in a year, month, week, hours in a day, minutes in an hour, seconds in a minute;

- what is rain, snow, heat, cold, ice;

- name the colors of the rainbow;

- show where the right, left, top, bottom, back, front;

- what holidays he knows;

- what he likes to do;

- whether he wants to study.

2. Intelligence test:

- be able to solve puzzles, riddles, find solutions to logical problems;

- select an object from a group, for example, find a fruit among vegetables;

- add an item to the group, for example, add an apple to the fruit;

- to determine the similarities and differences (bunnies - bears), the beginning and end of the story.

3. Testing different types of memory and speech:

- describe the picture;

- copy a simple image;

- repeat a sentence of 5-7 words;

- retell an excerpt of the story;

- write down a graphic dictation, for example: three cells up, one - to the right, two - to the left;

- tell a fairy tale;

- come up with a story from a picture.

4. Test of mathematical abilities:

- determine where is greater, less or equal;

- recognize geometric shapes;

- divide into equal parts;

- choose where it is longer, shorter, higher, lower;

- to solve simple problems.

- know letters, sounds, syllables, vowels, consonants, hard, soft;

- divide words into syllables;

- find words by letter, for example, "a" - stork.

6. Testing graphic skills:

- own a pen and pencil;

- to depict different lines and curves without separation;

- outline contours and dashes;

- neatly sketch out the figures.

As you can see, the list of what a future first grader should know and be able to do is decent. Taking into account the children's short-term memory, the primary school tutor, with daily meetings for at least seven months, will have to prepare his student a for an interview, because in a shorter period of time the baby will not be able to physically master everything, and he can be an attentive student only for twenty minutes - then you need to take a break, change the type of activity.

How to develop the skills you need to go to school

Many parents, teaching a child, do not take into account the peculiarities of children's perception, based on their own feelings. But this is fundamentally wrong. Children are not just small compared to adults, they perceive the world differently, developing sensory literacy month after month.

Kids perceive objects and phenomena in parts, in detail. For example, a five-year-old child collects a bear from puzzles. But instead of bear paws, he perched goat limbs, and I am sure that he did everything right - these are paws. And so in everything - first he sees the parts, and then he makes up the whole.

We often see a five-year-old behave like a three-year-old. What's this? Natural underdevelopment? No. It’s just a lack of education, love, ignorance by adults of the psychological aspects of the gradual development of children. While my mother was getting ready to work out, time passed and there was a gap.

Mom and Dad are not educators, psychologists, they do not know methods. But the primary school tutor, who knows well the age characteristics of each group of kids, is able to both develop and correct the mistakes that have already been made in development.

For example, it is very important to develop phonemic hearing, that is, to learn to distinguish the features of sounds : softness, hardness, etc. If you do not do this, the gap will affect at the most unexpected moment, and then you will have to dig out the reason from the temporary load.

For example, a girl who is a good student goes to the fourth grade. The loads are increasing, the speed of perception of the educational material is growing, and the student began to receive two marks according to Russian dictations.

Naturally, there was panic at home, the child was in tears - they called a specialist for help. It turned out that the reason is the underdevelopment of phonemic hearing. The girl, not having time to analyze, began to write as she hears, for example, instead of the word "lion" - "lef".

The task of the primary school tutor is to track down such moments and fix them, because at this stage it is much easier to do it.

What methodology can a primary school tutor choose for child development

Today, there are many methods of working with children of preschool and primary school age, allowing to leave children's syncretism in early childhood, for example, the developments of Sukhomlinsky, Zaitsev with demonstration of video materials, Amonashvili.

Let us dwell on the one that gained world fame and entered the school curriculum, namely: Amonashvili's humane and personal pedagogy.

All his lessons are aimed at the development of the child, the disclosure of his inner potential, the creation of a comfortable psychological environment in the process of communication and learning.

Now you understand how important it is to engage in comprehensive preparation of the child for school, and not banal coaching for an interview. Even if your child goes to a kindergarten, in which there is an excellent teacher, it is better to take care of individual additional lessons, since in kindergarten your child will not be able to pay as much attention as an individual tutor of primary classes.

Take it for yourself, tell your friends!

Learning to count and think logically

The child begins to learn to count literally from birth. First, he distinguishes between objects, then he orients himself in the concepts of "more", "less". Even if you do not specifically teach numbers with him, do not train his mathematical abilities, by the age of five the child will master the simplest mathematical operations

Our purpose , develop a skill so that the child can count to ten and back, add and subtract within ten.

First, let's remember board games. To learn how to count, you can use dominoes, loto, or other games with a mathematical bias.

You will find a large selection of such games or. By the way, the last site has a lot of interesting visual material that is perfect for daily use.

The number line is the basis of the basics in teaching counting. It can look and be the same size as a ruler. It can be large, with the "inhabitants" of the houses - numbers.

When studying numbers and numbers, it will help your child understand that there are only 10 numbers, and there can be any number of numbers that the numbers form. The number line will help with the study of the concept of "More", "Less", subtract or add. In general, today it is the most necessary subject in teaching counting!

We can place it on special boards, we can draw for each activity, we can even draw it as a treasure map. We don't teach, we play!

Look at some more visual aids here: http://www.ukazka.ru/cat2984.html. Here you can buy "houses" of numbers, which we hang around the number line, and get acquainted with their inhabitants as we study.

It will be difficult for a child to remember everything, therefore, the more pictures and games, the better.

Together with the study of numbers, we learn the shapes of geometric shapes, using squares, circles, triangles when playing addition and subtraction. Each figure has its own story, funny, understandable for a child, easy to remember.

It is very good to work with the child in notebooks such as "One step, two steps" to consolidate the knowledge gained.

Learning to read and expanding vocabulary

What is a child's vocabulary? This is knowledge of the main logical groups, such as "clothes", "food", "transport", "tools" and much more. Vocabulary involves not just knowing a certain word, but using it in the right form, in the right context.

Good vocabulary makes learning to read easier. For its development, we acquire pictures with groups of words, for example, here: http://pochemu4ka.ru/load/vsjo_dlja_detskogo_sada/44. We build a magnetic board, or buy a ready-made one.

We play card games such as "Lion", "Erudite" or "Guess the letter". We play theatrical representations about a word, about a group of words.

Starting learning to read. Remember the difference between letters and sounds. These are the "sounds" that can settle in your children's room:

Stick them on a stand, paste them over a child's desk, or over a magnetic board.

We remember that the organization of home preparation for school takes place playfully , in a comfortable environment for the baby. Place the dolls in a row, set a timer, tell them that the dolls really want to hear a fairy tale. Record his "reading" on a dictaphone.

Praise your child with all your might!

And then, after five to ten minutes, in another game, ask casually what he read about today. By the way, the most successful primer is Zhukova's Primer. In addition to the activities for the child, it includes footnotes with step-by-step instructions for parents.

We put the hand, letter elements

The most difficult thing in preparing for school is to put your hand and develop fine motor skills. We do this from an early age of a child. We pay special attention to applied labor, modeling and creativity.

He will be taught to write beautifully at school, our task is to train his hand so that at school, from a long load, fatigue does not give off tremors and pain in the wrist and fingers.

The simplest is drawing and constructing. Buy Lego, puzzles, house or plane models. You can knit with girls, collect beads. You can even try embroidery or batik. Cutting out of colored paper, folding origami, modeling from plasticine, clay, salt dough, coloring according to the pattern. All this is necessary for the full development of fine motor skills.

For the first practical lessons in writing, I recommend the notebooks "Solar Steps", http://www.sskirov.ru/. By the way, their website has a lot of useful materials for preparing for school.

Solar steps. Preschooler's briefcase. 5-7 years old. A set of notebooks.

My son and I did the following exercises: tore the paper to shreds, then break the styrofoam, and then glue mosaic pictures from the resulting pieces and paint them using the sprinkling technique.

In general, turn on your imagination. Buy cards, draw and sketch, create puppet shows. Turn any piece of furniture into a teaching piece. A chair - into a scientist's chair, a table - into a testing ground, a globe - into a pathfinder's map. Get creative and home preparation for school will be fun for your child!