GOU SPO College of Automation and Information Technology No. 20

Methodical instructions

To the English language training manual

Ed. A. P.Golubeva, N. V. Balyuk, I. B. Sirnova

For students educational institutions

Secondary vocational education

Compiled: Lecturer GOU SPO KIT №20

Moscow, 2010.

a tooth - Teeth A Woman - Women

a Foot - Feet A Postman - Postmen

a MAN - MEN A CHILD - CHILDREN

P.77 No.3

1. I TOLD HIM THAT I HADN'T READ THE BOOK YET.

2. The Weather Was Bad Yesterday, SO WE Didn't Go Out.

3. Mary Is Standing At The Blackboard Now. She Is Answering The Teacher's Question.

4. I'll Have FINISHED This Task By 5 PM Tomorrow.

5. AT 5PM Tomorrow I'll Still Be Doing This Exercise.

6. If The Film IsN't Interesting, I Shan't Watch IT.

7. AT THAT TIME YESTERDAY HE WAS WRITING A LETTER TO HIS MOTHER.

8. He Asks Me If We Had The Test The Day Beore.

9. THEY WERE PLAYING FOOTBALL WHEN THEIR MOTHER CAME HOME.

10. She Goes to College 5 Days a Week.

P. 77 №20

Translate text into English.

Tony - Italian. He is a student of the English college and studies mathematics.

He is now on the 2nd year. Tony lives in an English family. Their surname Thomson. Their five: Mr. and Mrs. Thomson, the son of Andrew, the eldest daughter Jane and the youngest Maggie. Their house is located in Oxford.

In the mornings, Tony goes on a jog, then breakfast. For breakfast, he drinks a glass of orange juice and eats eggs with ham. Then he goes to college. As a rule, he has 3 or 4 lectures or a seminar. Then he is engaged in the library along with his friends.

He comes home at 5 o'clock and dinses with Thomsons. In the evenings, he goes to the gym and plays basketball or volleyball.

After dinner, he prepares lessons the next day or goes to walk if the weather is good. Usually he goes to bed at 11 o'clock.

Tony Is Italian. He is a Student at an English College and Studies Mathematics. He is in his second year. Tony Lives in An English Family. Their Surname IS Tomson. There Are Five of Them: Mr and Mrs Tomson, Their Son Andrew, An Elder Daughter Jane and Young Maggy. Their House IS in Oxford.

In The Morning Tony Jogs, Then He Has Breakfast. For Breakfast He Drinks a Glass of Orange Juice and Eats Bacon and Eggs. Then He Goes to College. AS A Rule, He Has 3 OR 4 Lectures or Seminars. Then He Studies in the Library with His Friends.

He comes Home at Five and Has Dinner with the Tomsons. In The Evenings He Goes to a Sport Hall and Plays Volley-Ball or Basket-ball.

After Supper He Prepares His Homework for the next day or goes for a Walk, If The Weather Is Fine. USUALY HE GOES TO BED AT ELEVEN PM.

Speaking About Friends.

Vlad: Good Morning, Mum. How Are you you?

Mother: Fine, Thanks. Did you Sleep Well?

Vlad: Yes, Thank You. And where is dad?

Mother: He Went Out Half An Hour Ago Together With Alexei. They Went Shopping. Well, Vlad, IT IS Your Birthday Soon. Are you Going to Have a Birthday Party this year?

Vlad: Well, I "D Love To. You know, Mum, Now When I am at College I Have Got Many New Friends. IT Would be Nice If I Could Invite Them to My Place.

Mother: Excellent Idea! Let "S Count How Many Friends You Are Going to Call So That I Can Think About the Menu and All the Things.

Vlad: I Want to Ask My Best Friends. THEY ARE ILYA, STEPAN AND IGOR.

Mother: Do I Know Any of Them?

Vlad Ylad: I Suppose You Have Seen Ilya. Maybe You Remember That Broad - Shouldered Fellow Wit Fair Hair and Dark Eyes. We Came Across Him In The Street The Other Day.

Mother: Ah, Now I know Whom You are Talking About. He Is Fond Of Music and Plays The Guitar Very Well, As You Told Me. Okay, What about the REST?

Vlad: Stepan Is a Funny Slim Little Guy with Brown Hair and a Snub Nose. He Is Fond Of Reading Fantasy and T Took Sevel Books From Him to Read. He is an esy-going fellow. I Like to Talk to Him. HE CAME TO OUR PLACE IN OCTOBER. But You Were Not in At That Time. Dad Saw Him, B Believe. And Igor Is My New Friend. He is Very Clever. He is a Computer Genius. The Teachers Say. But He is not a Bookworm. He Plays VolleyBall and Swims Well.

Mother: Do You Want to Call Any of Your Former Schoolmates?

Vlad: Actually, IT Will Be Nice To Invite Misha. I Haven "T Seen Him for Ages.

Mother: Good! And Will You Ask Lena to Come?

Vlad: Oh, Yes, Certainly!

Mother: Then You Will Invite Your Friends with Their Girlfriends, Tooo.

Vlad: You Are Right, Mum! WELL, Igor "S Girlfriend is at College With US, and Ilya Took Masha Hiking This Summer, You Know, When Our Group Went On a Three-Days" Hike. She is good-natud and friendly. And Just A Week Ago I Saw Stepan With a Remarkable Long-Legged Girl with Blond Hair. I SUSPECT IT IS HIS NEW MATE.

Mother: What About Misha?

Vlad: SO Far As I Know, He Doesn "T Have A Girlfriend at the Moment.

Mother: Maybe You Will Invite One of Your Former Classmates Who Is On Friendly Terms With Him.

Vlad: Why not? I THINK I WILL INVITE VERONICA. She Is Very Sociable. I Will Be Glad to See Her, Too.

Mother: So, How Many People Do We Have, All in All?

Vlad: Let Me See ... Igor and Olga, Stepan and His Girlfriend, Ilya, Masha, Misha and Veronica. AH, and lena and me, of course. IT MAKES TEN PEOPLE ALL TOGETHER. WELL, IT IS GOING TO BE A MAGNIFICENT PARTY, MUM

Mother: I am Sure of That.

Text conversation about friends (p. 89)

Vlad.: Good morning, Mom. Ka to the case?

Mum:Thank you, good. Did you sleep well?

Vlad:Yes thank you. Where is Dad?

Mum:They with Alexei left half an hour ago. Let's go to the shop. Vlad, soon you have a birthday. Are you going to arrange a holiday this year?

Vlad.: Well, I would like. You know, Mamul, now, when I study in college, I have a lot of new friends. It would be nice if I could invite them to my home.

Mum:Great idea! Let's consider how much people you are going to invite me to make a menu and everything else.

Vlad: I want to invite my best friends. This is Ilya, Stepan and Igor.

Mum: Do I know any of them?

Vlad: I think you saw Ilya. Maybe you remember that widespread guy - blonde with brown eyes? We are faced with him the other day.

Mum: And now I understood about whom you say. He is fond of music and playing a guitar well. Well, what about the rest?

Vlad.: Stepan - a cheerful slender low guy with brown hair and a drunken nose. He is fond of science fiction, and I took several books to read. He is very pleasant in communication. I love to talk with him. He came to our home in October. But then you were not at home. Dad saw him seems to. And Igor is my new friend. He's very smart. Teachers say that he is a computer genius. But he is not a botany. He plays volleyball and swims well.

Mum:Do you want to invite someone from your former classmates?

Vlad:In fact, it would be good to invite Misha. I have not seen him a hundred years.

Mum: Well, and invited Lena?

Vlad:Yes of course!

Mum:Then you and friends need to be invited to the girls.

Vlad:You're right, mom! Well, Igor's girl learns with us in college, and Ilya took Masha with him this summer, well, you know when our group went hike for three days. She is good and friendly. And about a week ago I saw Stepan with a beautiful long-legged blonde. I suspect this new girl.

Mum:What about Misha?

Vlad: As far as I know, he has no one now.

Mum: Maybe you will invite someone from class who is friends with him?

Vlad: Why not. I will invite Veronika. She is very sociable. And I will also be nice to see her.

Mum: So how many people did we do in the end?

Mum: I'm sure.

Words and expressions that need to know on this topic:

Attractive .................. .. attractive

To be friends with someone .................................Be on Friendly Terms with Somebody

Lovely ........................... ... beautiful

Botanist, Book Worm ............ .bookworm

Friend (Best, Close) ............... Friend (Best, Close)

Widewriting ........................ ..Broad-shouldered

Dark, blue, brown eyes ...... ... Dark / Blue / Hazel Eyes

Blonde, dark, blonde hair ... ... Fair / Dark / Blond Hair

Freckles ....................................Freckles.

Friendly ................................. Friendly.

Girlfriend .................................... .girlfriend.

Cute .............................good-looking

Good-natured ..............................good-natured

Haircut .................................... Haircut

Hairstyle ................................. ... Hairdo

Beautiful (about a man) .................. Handsome

Long-legged .............................. Long-Legged

Look like ........................... ..Look Like

Make friends .............................. Make Friends

Get quarrel .............................. ..make enemies

Normal .................................... Plain.

Correct features of the face ............... Regular Features

Like, remind .................. ..resemble

Round (oval) face ............... ... Round / Oval Face

Slender .................................... Slender / Slim

Hollow ..................................Thin.

Curly / straight nose .................. ..snub / Straight Nose

Sociable .............................. ..sociable

Stunning .............................. ..terrific

Faithful ......................................................True

P.91 №2.

Translate into Russian

My friend, his father, their son, her boyfriend, our teacher, your book, his former classmate, my computer.

Whose book is it? This is his book.

Who knows where they live? A friend of mine.

Who did he invite for his birthday? He invited us all.

Which of these books is yours, that is mine.

What book did you read? I read all these books. I want some other book.

P. 91№3

Transfer proposals in accordance with this model.

1. This Is Her Friend. This Friend Is Hers.

2. Those Are Our Teachers. Those Teachers Are Ours.

3. THAT IS HIS CAT. That cat is his.

4. These Are Their Bags. These Bags Are theirs.

5. Is That Your Cat? Is That Cat Yours?

6. Are these their computers? Are these computers theirs?

P92 №4

Fill pass returns pronouns

Fill in the Blanks with the Corresponding PRONOUNS

1. In The Morning I Go to the Bathroom and Wash MySelf.

2. He can do his homework by Himself.

3. SHE KNOWS IT HERSELF.

4. My younger Brothers CAN't Dress Themselves. My Mother Usually Dresses Them.

5. Will You Help US? WE DON'T KNOW HOW TO DO THIS EXERCISE OURSELVES.

6. DON'T ASK ME TO HELP YOU. Think Yourself!

P.92 №5

Fill in passing by pronouns and their derivatives

1. We Have Some New Friends in the College.

2. Do You Know Any Of These Students? I don't know anybody here.

3. Does ANYBODY KNOW HIS NAME? I THINK NO One Does.

4. Something Has Changed in Your Appearance, But I CAN't See What It is.

5. Do you have anything anything to tell me? There Is No News.

6. There IS Somebody in That Room.

P. 92 No. 6.

Fill pass pronouns

1. JIM SAYS THAT SAM IS HIS NEW FRIEND.

2. This is My Old Friend Jack. I Haven't Seen Him for Ages.

3. I WANT TO INVITE MY FRIENDS WHICH YOU KNOW VERY WELL.

4. I Get Up, Go to the Bathroom and Clean My Teeth, Dress Myself, Say Goodbye to My Mother and Leave Home.

5. MEET TED AND HIS FATHER, MR. Johnson.

P.92 № 9.

Use adverbs, data in brackets.

1. I SAW HIM Yesterday.

2. WE MET BEFORE.

3. He often Visits His Cousin.

4. You have Never Told Me About this idea.

5. I SAW HIM ALMOST EVERY DAY.

6. Sometimes He Comes in Time.

7. I Have Already Read This Book.

8. We Will Come to Our Party Tomorrow.

9. HE KNOWS English Very Well.

P 93 № 10

Fill pass prepositions.

1. THEY GOT OUT OF THE CAR.

2. He Stood Behind His Father.

3. THEY HAD COFFEE WITH A BUN FOR BREAKFAST.

4. THEY DECIDED TO MEET AT FIVE O'CLOCK AT THE STATION.

5. HE TOOK A BOOK From the table, Looked at It Then Put It Back.

6. THEY LOOKED AT EACH OTHER.

7. I Go to College.

8. He is not at home now. He is at school.

9. This Book Was Written by Perumov.

10. The School Year Begins in September and Is Over in May.

12. This Story Is About a Famous Painter.

13. HE IS A FUNNY LITTLE GUY WITH BROWN HAIR.

14. He is Keen on Animals.

15. She IS Fond Of Reading Thrillers.

16. Sunday Is The Only Day of In Our School.

17. The Book Is On The Table.

18. I DON'T WANT TO GO TO THE PARTY. I am Going to Work on Sunday.

20. He Stood at The Door and Didn't Le Me Go Out.

21. He Works in a Hospital. He Looks After Children Who Are Ill.

22. WHEN MY FRIEND CAME INTO THE ROOM THERE WAS NOBODY IN.

P 93, № 11.

Describe friends Vlada.

DESCRIBE VLAD'S FRIENDS.

Ilya Is a Broad-Shouldered Felow with Fair Hair and Dark Eyes. He is Fond of Music and Plays The Guitar Very Well. His Girl-Friend Is Masha. She is good-natud and friendly.

Stepan Is a Fanny Slim Little Guy with Brown Hair and a Snub Nose. He is fond of Reading Fantasy and Vlad Took Sevel Books from Him to Read. He is an Easy-Going Fellow and It's Nice To Talk to Him. His New Mate Is a Remarkable Long-Legged Girl With Blond Hair.

Igor Is Vlad's New Friend. He is Very Clever. He is a Computer Genius, The Teachers Say. But He is not a Bookworm. HE PLAYS VOLLEY-BALL AND SWIMS WELL. His Girl-Friend Is Olga.

P 93, № 12.

Translate INTO English.

My girlfriend is a very cute girl. She is slim and attractive. She has the right features of the face. It carries a short haircut; her hair is curly and bright, the nose is straight. We made friends with her in the school. She knows how to play the guitar and loves to read. She is a good friend.

My Friend Is a Very Nice Girl. She is Slim and Attractive. She Has Regular Features. She Has A Short Hairdo, Her Hair Is Fair and Wavy, Her Nose Is Straight. WE MADE FRIENDS WITH HER AT COLLEGE. She Can Play The Guitar and Likes to Read Very Much. She is a good friend.

Additional tasks on the topic

1. What of these qualities you would like to see in your friend, and what will be avoided?

Look at the Qualities Below. Which Do You Look for In A Friend? Which Do You Try to Avoid?

1. Loyal - Firm in their Support for a person

2. Selfish - Caring Only ABOUT THEMSELVES

3. Aggressive - Angry and Violent

4. Patient - Calm, Not Easily Annoyed

5. Respected - AdmiRED and Considered Important

6. Dedicated - DEVOTED AND ENTHUSIASTIC

7. Mean - Unkind To Another Person

8. Caring - Affectionate, Helpful and Sympathetic

9. Jealous - Angry or Bitter ABOUT SOMETHING

10. Creative - Able to Invent and Develop Original Ideas

11. TRUSTING - HONEST AND SINCERE

12. Dishonest - Not Truthful, Cannot Be Trusted

13. Supportive - Kind and Helpful During Difficult or Unhappy Times

14. Moody - Angry or Depressed Without Any Warning

15. Well-Meaning - Unsuccessful WHEN Trying To Be Helpful or Kind

3. Aggressive

4. Patient

5. Respectful

6. Finished

7. Non-promotional

8. Thoughtful

9. Jealous

10. Creatively gifted

11. Gulling

12. dishonest

13. Loyal, supporting anyone

14. Unbalanced, capricious

15. Unsuccessful trying to act from the best motives

2. Fill in: Nerves, Back, Eye, Shoulder, Neck, Head in Idioms

1. THEY NEVER AGREE WITH EACH OTHER. They don't See Eye To ...

2. What's Wrong With SAM? He is Like a Bear with a Sore ....

3. THEY GAVE ME A COLD .... WHEN I ENTERED THE ROOM /

4. He Drives Me Crazy. He is a pain in the ....

5. Get off my .... I'm in a bad Mood Today.

6. I'm Fed Up with Him. HE really gets on my ....

See Eye to Eye - converge in eyes with someone

Like a Bear With A Sore Head - Rosable

Get off one's back - lagging behind, leave alone

Get On One's Nerves - to act someone on the nerves

Give Someone The Cold SHOULDER - Cold Reception

A Pain In The Neck - a bore, unbearable person

3. Choose The Correct Word and Make A Sentence With The Other Word

1. Amy Is Very Supporting / supportive. You can RELY ON HER TO HELP YOU IF SHE CAN.

2. JOSH IS A REALLY CAREFUL / caring. Person - He Is Always Ready To Listen to My Problems.

3. THE TEACHER WASN'T respected/ Respectful by his students.

4. Angela Always Tries to Do The Right Thing - She IS Really Mean / well-meaning.

Text Choosing a Present. Hobbies (p. 99)

Stepan: Hello, Old Boy. How Are Things?

Ilya: Not Bad, Thank You. Look, Stepan, Has Vlad Invited You to His Birthday Party?

Stepan: Yes, He Has. And Why Are You Asking?

Ilya: The Matter Is That He Has Invited Me As Well, "And I Am Now Thinking About A Present for Him. Is Always a DiffiCult ISSUE, ISN" T IT?

Stepan: I DON "T Think That It Is Such A Great Problem.

Ilya: Well, of Course, You are Going to Give Him a Book in Fantasy. Both Of You Know Everything about this Sort of Thing.

Stepan: Actually not. You See, There Is Hardly a Book in Fiction He Hasn "T Read. What I am Really Thinking About Is A Photo Album. So Far As I Know, He Is Fond Of Taking Pictures and Has a Rather Good Camera. IT" S NOT A BAD PRESENT, IS IT?

Ilya: You See, Just a Monh Ago We Went Shopping Together and He Bought a Large Album.

Stepan: Thank You for Telling Me This Thing. I Didn "T Know that.

Ilya: Besides, I Think It Is Not A Good Present For a Close Friend. IMEAN YOU CAN GIVE SUCH A THING TO A FELLOW WELL WELL. I KNOW MAD WELL ENOUGH TO GIVE HIM SOMETHING THAT HE WILL REALLY LIKE. WE HEVE BEEN FRIENDS WITH VLAD FOR QUITE A LONG TIME TO LEARN A THING Or Two About His Tastes, Haven "T WE?

Stepan: Maybe You are Right. What Else Can You Suggesta, Then?

Ilya: In His Free Time He Likes to Work with His PC. Is IT Possible to Give Him A Couple of Nice Games on CDS?

Stepan: Oh, no. He Says He Doesn "T Understand People Who Play Computer Games. IT" S a Waste of Time, in His Puter Is for Work, Not for Leisure - These Are His Own Words.

Ilya: He is a Very Serious Guy, I Know. But The Problem Remains. What Will You Say About A CD of His Favourite Group? Do you Want to Give Him a poster or a t-shirt?

13th ed. - M.: 2013 - 3 36c.

The textbook can be used in the study of the discipline of the general humanitarian and socio-economic cycle of the OGSE.04 "Foreign Language" in accordance with GEF SPO for pedagogical specialties. The textbook, aimed at developing students in the skills of modern English oral and written speech, consists of five sections containing thematically selected texts, situationally oriented dialogue, cultural notes, grammatical reference material, exercises; At the end of the book there is a brief English-Russian dictionary. For students of secondary vocational education institutions.

Format: PDF. (2013 , 336С.)

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Format: PDF. (2009 , 336С.)

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Methodical manual with text translation.

Format: DOC (2010 , 107С.)

The size: 1 MB

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CONTENT
Preface 3.
English Alphabet 6.
I. Enterprise-corrective phonetic course
Introduction 7.
Speech organs 7.
Phonetic transcription 8.
Signs of international phonetic transcription 8
Basic features of English pronunciation 9
Public sounds 9.
Agreements 9.
Slidery stress 10
Phrase stress 10.
Reduction of vowel sounds 10
INTONATION 10.
Basic intonation contours of English Proposition 11
Intonation of issues 11.
Lesson 1. Publicate front rows. Consult 14.
Public Front Rows 14
Consult 14.
Noisy flurry 15.
Noisy slot 15.
Sonanta 16.
Nasal 16.
Slove 16.
Exercises 17.
TEXT: The Whites 18
Homework 20.
Lesson 2. Pooh rear rows. Features of the pronunciation of some sounding 21
Public Rear Rows 21
Purchase rear advanced row 21
Features of the pronunciation of some sound hours 22
Exercises 23.
TEXT: The Whites (continued) 25
Homework 27.
Lesson 3. Difthongs. Combination of three vowels 28
Difong 28.
Combines of three vowels 29
Exercises 29.
TEXT 1: Grandmother "S WEEK 33
Vocabulary (words to text) 34
TEXT 2: Good Traditions Year by Year 34
Vocabulary 35.
Homework (note Task) 35
Lesson 4. I agree. Vowels in different types of syllable 36
Rules for reading consonant letters 36
1. Consult letters having two readings 36
2. Reading combinations of consonants 37
3. Combines consonant letters having two readings 37
4. Combination CH, having three read options 38
Public reading rules in different types of syllable 38
5. Options for reading vowels in accordance
With four types of syllable: 38
Exercises 39.
6. Reading combinations of vowels under the stress 40
7. Reading combinations of vowels with the letter G 41
Topic: Visiting Card (Business Card) 42
Names of educational and educational institutions 44
Sample business card 45
Sample identity card 45
Note Task 46.
Lesson 5. Combinations of vowels with consonants. Vowels
in the unmarked syllables 48
Combinations of vowels with consonants 48
Reading vowels in unmarked symbols 49
Glow reduction 49.
Reduced and full forms of servicewords,
pronouns and auxiliary verbs 50
Topic: Etiquette 52
Gratitude 52.
Apology 53.
Attracting 53.
Questions about the status of cases 53
Guest reception 53.
Note Task 54.
Tecti 55.
P. Basics of practical grammar
Lesson 6. Noun. Adjective. Verb. System
verb forms. Narrative offer 60.
Noun 60.
1. Eating article 60
2. The formation of a plural number of nouns 64
Nouns forming a plural
Not under the general rule 65
3. Holding existing 66
Adjective 67.
Formation of degrees of comparison 67
Verb 68.
Main verb shapes 68
Hope of verbs in present 70
System of verb times 71
Text: My Working Day 75
Active Words and Word Combinations 76
Exercises 77.
The Ploral Form of the Nouns 77
The Possessive Case 77
DEGREES OF COMPARISON OF ADJECTIONS 78
The Verb 79.
Lesson 7. Property. Adverb. Preposition 83.
Proponation 83.
Indexing pronouns 84.
Questionally relative pronouns 84
Uncertain pronouns 85.
Instant 85.
The degree of comparison of the mock 86
Place the shorter in the sentence 86
Preposition 87.
Text: Speaking About Friends 89
Active Words and Word Combinations 90
Exercises 91.
PRONOUNS 91.
ADVERBS 92.
Prepositions 93.
Vocabulary 93.
Lesson 8. Types of questions. Negative proposals 94.
Types of questions 94.
General questions 94.
Special questions 95.
Questions to 95
Alternative questions 96.
Dividing questions 96.
Negative proposals 96.
TEXT: Choosing APRESENT. Hobbies 99.
Active Words and Word Combinations 100
Exercises 100.
Questions 100.
(a) General Questions 100
(b) Alternative Questions 101
(c) Special Questions 101
(d) Questions to the Subject 101
(E) Tag Questions 101
Negative Sentences 103.
Vocabulary 103.
Lesson 9. Numeral. Participle. Gerundiy 105.
NUMBER 105.
Some features of the use of numerical 107
Fractional numbers (simple and decimal) 107
Communion 108.
Gerundiy 109.
Education of Gender and its forms on
TEXT: Getting Ready For a Party. Cooking. Shopping Ill.
IN THE SUPERMARKET 112
Shopping in the USA 113
Sales Tax 113.
Active Words and Word Combinations 114
Exercises 114.
Numerals 114.
Participle I, Participle II 116
The Forms of Participle i 116
Gerund 117.
The Forms of the Gerund 117
Vocabulary 118.
Lesson 10. Uncertain and personal and impersonal suggestions. TRACK THERE IS ... 120
Uncertainty-personal offers 120
Impersonential offers 120.
TRUE THERE IS and its shape 121
Texts: At Table 122
Restaurants in the USA 123
Eating Habits In The USA 124
Active Words and Word Combinations 124
Exercises 125.
Indefinite Personal Sentences 125
Impersonal Sentences 125.
Vocabulary 126.
Lesson 11. Passive Pledge 128
Passive pledge 128.
Forms of verb in a passive pledge 128
Texts: My House IS My Fortress 132
Houses in the USA 133
Active Words and Word Combinations 134
Exercises 134.
THE PASSIVE VOICE 134
Vocabulary 136.
Lesson 12. Conditional proposals 138
Conditional proposals 138.
Text: Traveling. TRANSPORT 140.
ON Travelling 141.
Active Words and Word Combinations 142
Exercises 142.
Conditional Clauses 142.
Vocabulary 145.
Lesson 13. Mandrellable. Supporting inclination 147.
Insecurity 147.
Supporting inclination 148.
Education of the subjunctive ignition 148
Upholstery of subjunctive ignition 149
Text: a Visit to a Doctor 151
Active Words and Word Combinations 152
Exercises 152.
THE IMPERATIVE MOOD 153
Vocabulary 154.
Lesson 14. Coordination of times. Indirect speech 157.
Coordination of times 157.
Indirect speech 158.
Message 158.
Question 158.
Request or order 159
TEXT: A Telephone Conversation 160
How to Use the Telephone in the USA 161
Calls To The Commonwealth of Independent States 161
Rates for Long-Distance and Toll Calls 161
Toll-Free Calls 161
Using a coin-operated Telephone 161
Local Telephone Calls 162
Long-Distance Telephone Calls 162
SHORT-DISTANCE TELEPHONE CALLS 162
Collect Telephone Calls 162
Active Words and Word Combinations 162
Exercises 163.
Sequence of Tenses 163
Reported Speech 164.
Vocabulary 165.
Lesson 15. A complex addition. Constructions with infinitive and communion 167
Complex Supplement 167.
Constructions with communion 168
Independent involvement of 168
Texts: Sending A Letter 169
THE INTERNET 170.
Active Words and Word Combinations 171
Exercises 171.
Complex Object WITH THE INFINITIVE 171
Complex Object WITH THE PARTICIPLE 172
Absolute Constructions WITH PARTICIPLES 172
Vocabulary 173.
Lesson 16. Complex proposals 176
Complex proposals 176.
Combined proposals 176.
The main types of departure offers 176
TEXT: Sports 179
Going In For Sports In The USA 181
Active Words and Word Combinations 181
Exercises 182.
Composite Sentences 182.
Vocabulary 183.
Lesson 17. Modal verbs. Verbs capable of performing in modal value 189
Modal verbs 185.
Meaning and consumption of modal verbs 186
SAP 186.
May 186.
Must 187.
Ought (To) 187
Need 188.
Verbs capable of performing in modal value 189
Shall 189.
Will 189.
Should 189.
Would 190.
TO BE 190.
To have 191.
Replacing the missing forms of some modal verbs 191
TEXT: AT My College 192
Active Words and Word Combinations 193
Exercises 194.
Modal Verbs 194.
Vocabulary 196.
A Day at School 196
Test II 198.
III. Country studies. Culture
Lesson 18. Topic: Countries 201
TEXT 1: Russia 201
Exercises 202.
TEXT 2: The United Kingdom of Great Britainand Northern Ireland 203
Exercises 205.
TEXT 3: The United States of America 206
Exercises 207.
Text 4: Canada, Australia, New Zealand 209
Exercises 210.
Active Words and Word Combinations 211
Lesson 19. Topic: CITIES 213
TEXT 1: MOSCOW 213
Exercises 214.
Text 2: London 215
Exercises 216.
TEXT 3: Washington, DC 217
Exercises 218.
Text 4: New York 219
Exercises 220.
Active Words and Word Combinations 221
Lesson 20. Topic: Art 223
TextL: Andrew Lloyd Webber 223
Exercises 224.
TEXT 2: Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851) 224
EXCVCISG S 225.
Text3: Alan Alexander Milne (1882 - 1956) 226
Lines Written By A Bear of Very Little Brain 227
Yprnicj \\ C 227
Text 4: Liwis Saggop (1832-T8
The Jabberwocky 228.
Exercises 229.
Active Words and Word Combinations 229
Lesson 21. Topic: Man and Society 231
TextL: British Mass Media 231
NEWSPAPERS 231.
RADIO AND TELEVISION 231
Exercises 232.
Text 2: The United Nations ORGANIZATION 233
Human Rights 234.
Exercises 234.
Active Words and Word Combinations 235
Test III 237.
IV. Professional profile of a specialist
Lesson 22. Topic: Education 241
TEXT 1: Education in Russia 241
Exercises 242.
TEXT 2: Schools in the United Kingdom 243
Exercises 244.
TEXT 3: Education in the United States 246
Exercises 247.
Lesson 23. Topic: My Future Activities 248
TEXT I. TEACHER "S Profession 248
Exercises 249.
Text 2: Reform in the System of Secondary Education in Russia 250
Exercises 251.
Lesson 24. Topic: The Rights of the Child 252
Text: The Convention On The Rights of The Child 252
Exercises 253.
Active Words and Word Combinations 258
Additional Texts for Reading and Discussing 260
(1) The Whipping Boy 260
(2) Tom Sawyer at School 261
(3) Arriving At Lowood Institution 262
V. Business English
Lesson 25. Topic 1: Preparation for Studies Abroad.
Topic 2: Correspondence WITH THE CHOSEN UNIVERSITY 266
Preparation for Studies abroad 266
Samples of the preparation and design of documents and letters 267
Personal Statement 267.
Exercises 268.
Correspondence WITH THE CERRESPONDENCE 268
Request for Application Materials 269
Exercises 270.
Covering Letter 270
Exercises 270.
Acceptance and Refusal (Reception and Deviation of Proposals) 271
Exercises 272.
Lesson 26. Topic 1: Searching for a Job Abroad.
Topic 2: Drawing Up and Filling in Documents 273
Searching for a job abroad 273
(1) 273
Exercises 273.
(2) 274
Exercises 274.
(3) 274
Exercises 275.
Drawing Up and Filling in Documents 275
(1) 275
Exercises 276.
(2) 276
Exercises 276.
(3) 277
Exercises 277.
Lesson 27. Topics: Business Trip Abroad. AT The Airport. At the Railway.
Station. AT The Hotel. Currency Exchange 279.
Business Trip Abroad 279
Exercises 279.
AT THE AIRPORT 280
AT The Railway Station 281
At the hotel 281
Currency Exchange 283.
Lesson 28. Topics: Formal and Informal CorreSpondence. Invitations. Wishes. Business Talks. FORMAL AND INFORMAL CORRESPONDECE 285
Exercises 285.
Letters of Invitation and Replies 285
Formal Letter of Invitation 285
Acceptance 285.
Refusal 285.
Informal Invitations for Dinners 286
Acceptance 286.
Refusal 286.
Congratoulations 286.
Reply to the letter 287
Address 287.
Wishes and Replies 288
Business Talks 290.
Gratitude 291.
Applications
Appendix 1. List of basic incorrect verbs 293
Appendix 2. Quick reference for word formation 295
Education of a new word without changing the word 295
Move stroke 295.
Alternation of sounds 296.
Affixation 296.
The most common suffixes and prefixes 296
Appendix 3. Translation of grammatical terms and instructions for exercises 297
Appendix 4. List of some geographic names and own names 299
Appendix 5. National Hymns and Patriotic Songs 301
THE ANTHEM OF GREAT BRITAIN 301
God Save the Queen 301
Rule, Britannia 302
THE ANTHEM OF THE USA 303
The Star-Spangled Banner 303
THE ANTHEM OF AUSTRALIA 304
Waltzing Matilda 304.
Vocabulary 305.

The training manual aimed at developing students in the skills of modern English oral and written speech, in accordance with the course program, consists of five sections, each of which contains thematically selected texts, situationally oriented dialogues, cultural notes, grammatical reference material, exercises; At the end of the book there is a brief English-Russian dictionary.
For students of secondary professional educational institutions. School students, teachers can also be useful.

Sales Tax.
Cities and States In The USA Have the right to Charge An Additional Percentage Of The Cost of Some Goods.
In most places, The Sales Tax IS From 5 to 10 Per Cent of the Price Of The Price Goods You BUY. You Should Pay The Sales Tax for Many Non-Food Items, such as Technical Equipment, Books, Records, Household Products, Appliances, Cameras and Films. You Will Pay A Sales Tax for Prepared Food, For Example, When you are in a Restaurant. You Must Remember That The Prices Listed on Items in Stores Do Not Include Sales Tax - A Cashier Will Add It To Your Bill.

Free download e-book in a convenient format, see and read:
Download book English, Golubev A.P., 2009 - FilesKachat.com, Fast and free download.

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GOU SPO College of Automation and Information Technology No. 20

Methodical instructions

To the English language training manual

Ed. A.P.Golubeva, N.V. Balyuk, I.B. Smirnova

For students educational institutions

Secondary vocational education

Compiled: Teacher GOU SPO KIT №20 L.V. Belov

Moscow, 2010.

The present tutorial is intended for teachers and students working on the textbook "English" by the authors: Golubev Anatoly Pavlovich, Baliuk Natalia Vladimirovna, Smirnova Irina Borisovna for secondary vocational school students, the Publishing Center "Academy", 2011.

Topic 1 - "My working day" ......... .. p.3

Topic 2 - "Talk about friends" ......... p.10

Topic 3 - "Gift Choice. Hobbies »... ... p. 17.

Topic 4 - "Preparing for the celebration" .....

Theme 5 - "at the table" .................................................... 33.

Theme 6 - "My house is my fortress" .... 40.

Topic 7 - "Travel" ................... PLIN.48

Theme 8 - "Visit to the doctor" .................. p.55

Topic 9 - "Telephone conversation" ...... ..st. 62.

Topic 10 - "Departure of the Letters" ......... p.70

Theme 11 - "Sport" ............................ p.79

Theme 12 - "My College" ............... p. 87

In each topic you can find the translation of texts into Russian, the main exercises indicating their number, the pages on which they are in the textbook, tasks in English and Russian, as well as the words and expressions that students need to know on this topic. The benefit includes some additional tasks that the teacher can offer in a lesson to strong students.

Text My Working Day (P75)

Hello. My Name Is Vlad Volkov and I Am A College Student. I am in My First Year Now.

I Want to Tell You About My Usual Working Day.

IT 6.30 AM AND MY YOUNGER BROTHER ALEXEI IS KNOCKING AT THE DOOR OF MY BEDROOM. "Will You JOG WILL ME TODAY?" HE ASKS. This Is The Way Every Morning Begins for Me. I Went Jogging Last Year But Then I Have Become "Lazier and Alexei Uses Every Chance to Mock At Me. HE GOES JOGGING REGULARLY AND HE IS A "Good Sportsman By The Way - So His Coach Says. Alexei Goes in for Tennis and He Has Been Playing Football Since He Went To Primary School. He Is The Best Forward in His Team.

Alexei Goes Away and I Stay in Bed A Little While Longer. But Anyway IT IS Time to Get Up. I go to the bathroom and take a shower and clean My team, Then Come Back to My Room and Switch On The Television to Watch The News While I Am Brushing My Hair, Shaving and Putting My Clothes on.

NOW IT IS TIME FOR BREAKFAST. All My Family is at Table - My Mother, My Father, Alexei and Myself. We Have Scrambled Eggs and Bacon, A Cup of Tea and Sandwiches. WE CHAT AND DISCUSS NEWS. I Think It is Right Time to ITRoduce My Family Members to You. My Mother "S Name Is Mary. SHE IS A CHILDREN" S Doctor. My Father "S Name IS Alexander and He Is An Engineer. Alexei is Still A Schoolboy. He is Four Years My Junior. Oh, I Haven" T Yet Told You About My Elder Sister. HER NAME IS NINA. She is married. HER HUSBAND AND SHE RENT A FLAT NOT FAR FROM OUR PLACE.

After Breakfast I Look Through My Notes - Just In Case I Have Left Something Behind, Put On My Coat, Then Say Good-bye to My Mother and Leave Home. My Father Gives Me A Lift to the College in His Car. He Starts Working Later Than My Classes Begin.

I Arrive At My College Just in Time to Say Hello to My Felow-Students Before The Bell Goes. AS A Rule, We Have Three Or Four Periods Every Day. We Go to College Five Days a Week. Saturday and Sunday Are Our Days Off. We Have Lectures and Seminars. Sometimes We Work In The Workshops. To My Mind, These Are The Most Interesting Lessons. My Friends Say That We Will Be Having A Test in English Today. I Think That Writing Tests in Grammar Is More Difficult Than Speaking English. I Hope I Won "T Fail.

During The Breaks We Go to the Gym and Play A Round or Two of BasketBall or Volleyball. My Friend John and I Are-Fond of Reading Fantasy and We Discuss The Latest Book by Nick Perumov. HE ASKS ME If I Liked The Book That He Had Given Me. I Tell Him That I Will Have Read The Book by The End of the Week.

AT 1 PM We Have A Long Break. We Go to the Canteen and Have A Roll and A Cup of Juice. Then There Is One More Period, Which Is Mathematics. IT IS My Favourite Subject. The Classes Are Over AT 2.40 PM. Sometimes I Go to the Library to Study There, But Today i don "t.

On My Way Home I See My Girlfriend Lena. She Smiles At Me and We Walk Together For a While. I suddenly Remember That We Will Have Been Dating for a Year Next Week. 1 Will Go and Look for a Present for Her Tomorrow. WHEN WE FIRST MET At A Party, I Told Her That She Was The Prettiest Girl In The World and I Had Been Looking for Her All My Life. Now I Think That She Is Not Only The Most Beautiful Girl, But Also The Best Friend. I Am Really Fond Of Her. SHE IS STILL A SCHOOLGIRL; She is Leaving School This Year. Lena "S Dream Is To Enter Moscow State University.

I Come to My Place at ABOT 4 PM. Mother Is Alady At Home. She is Cooking in the Kitchen. Soon My Father and Brother Arrive and We Have Dinner Together. After Dinner I Do My Lessons for Tomorrow, Watch Television and Read. I DON "T GO OUT BECAUSE THE WEATHER HAS BECOME WORSE. I Go to bed at about 11.30 pm.

P.77 № 2.

Write nouns in the plural

a tooth - Teeth A Woman - Women

a Foot - Feet A Postman - Postmen

a MAN - MEN A CHILD - CHILDREN

P.77 No. 3.

Insert the articles where necessary

1. My Father IS An Engineer. He is a good engineer.

2. The Earth Moves Round The Sun.

3. I go to college. I Am A Second-Year Student.

5. Meet An English Family, The Browns.

6. There Are Many Interesting Books in Our Library.

7. The Amazon Is The Longest River In The World. The Everest Is The Highest Mountain.

8. During The Canteen and Have A Cup of Juice and A Roll.

9. My Mother IS Cooking Breakfast in the Kitchen.

10. Alexei Arrives at School Beefore The Bell Goes.

P.77 №4

Translate phrases into Russian

Mine Bag Magazine Teacher

Julino Ring Notes Boys

Book of my friend toys children

Feet table book book

P.77 №5

Translate phrases into English

1. TEACHER'S REGISTER

2. Teachers' Books

3. THE DOOR OF MY BEDROOM

4. POSTMEN'S BAGS

5. Father's Car

6. CHILDREN'S NAMES

7. The Words of the Song

8. Sam's Exercise Book

9. Pupil's Answer

10. MY BROTHER'S COACH

P. 77 №6

Finance offers using a family tree

1. ANN IS JOHN'S WIFE. Anna-wife John.

2. Stephen is David's and Kate's Son. Stephen is the son of David and Kate.

3. Ann is Stephen's Aunt. Anna - Aunt Stephen.

4. SAM IS MARY'S HUSBAND. Sam - Male Mother.

5. Mary Is Carrie's, Jessica's and Stephen's Grandmother. Mary is Grandma Carrie, Jessica and Stephen.

6. Carrie and Jessica Are Stephen's Cousins.Carry and Jessica - Cuzina Tiven.

7. David Is Carrie's and Jessica's Uncle. David - Uncle Carrie and Jessica.

8. Jessica Is Mary's and Sam's Granddaughter.Jesysika - Granddaughter Mary and Sam.

9. Carrie is David's and Kate's Niece. Carrie is the niece of David and Kate.

10. Jessica IS Ann's and John's Daughter. Jessica - Daughter Anna and John.

P. 77 №6

Write adjectives in a comparative and excellent degree

Good - Better - The Best

Cold - Colder - The Coldest

BAD - WORSE - THE WORST

Heavy - HEAVIER - The Heaviest

LITTLE -LESS - THE LEAST

ExpenSive - More Expensive - The Most Extensive

P. 77 №9

Put the adjectives, data in brackets, in the desired form

1. TWO HEADS ARE better. Than one.

2. This is. the Most IntereSing. Book I Have Ever Read.

3. Concord Is. the Fastest.plane in the world.

4. Mike IS. taller than nick.

5. Harrods is. the Most Expensive.shop in London.

6. This is. the Cheapest. Hotel in Our City.

7. We Discuss the Latest. news

8. MY. elder. Brother IS 5 Years My Senior.

9. The first Exercise IS lESS DIFFICULT. than the second.

10. The Weather Has Become worse.. IT LOOKS LIKE RAINING.

P. 77 №10

Translate into Russian.

1. It is beautiful as a rose.

2. He is smart as Owl.

3. My brother is not as strong as my father.

4. He is not so busy like me.

5. This girl is more attractive than that.

6. This student is smart as his teacher.

7. My car is not so new as yours.

P. 77 №15

P. 77 №17

Write proposals, data in perfect time, in simple time, using the necessary adverbs.

1. My Friend Has Already Written The Test. He Wrote It Yesterday.

2. BORIS HAS DONE HIS HOMEWORK THIS EVENING. HE DID HIS HOMEWORK TWO Hours Ago.

3. I Have Already Watched This Film. I SAW IT Last Monh.

4. We Have Never Seen He MAN. We Didn't See Him Near Our House Yesterday.

5. They Have Just Come Back Home. THEY CAME 5 MINUTS AGO.

6. I'Ve Left My Book At Home This Morning. I left it on the table.

P. 77 №18.

P. 77 №19

P. 77 №20

P.91 №2.

Translate into Russian

My friend, his father, their son, her boyfriend, our teacher, your book, his former classmate, my computer.

Whose book is it? This is his book.

Who knows where they live? A friend of mine.

Who did he invite for his birthday? He invited us all.

Which of these books is yours, that is mine.

What book did you read? I read all these books. I want some other book.

P. 91№3

Page 92 №4

P.92 №5

P. 92 No. 6.

P.92 № 9.

Page 93 number 10

Page 93, No. 11.

Describe Vlad Friends.

DESCRIBE VLAD'S FRIENDS.

Ilya Is a Broad-Shouldered Felow with Fair Hair and Dark Eyes. He is Fond of Music and Plays The Guitar Very Well. His Girl-Friend Is Masha. She is good-natud and friendly.

Stepan Is a Fanny Slim Little Guy with Brown Hair and a Snub Nose. He is fond of Reading Fantasy and Vlad Took Sevel Books from Him to Read. He is an Easy-Going Fellow and It's Nice To Talk to Him. His New Mate Is a Remarkable Long-Legged Girl With Blond Hair.

Igor Is Vlad's New Friend. He is Very Clever. He is a Computer Genius, The Teachers Say. But He is not a Bookworm. HE PLAYS VOLLEY-BALL AND SWIMS WELL. His Girl-Friend Is Olga.

Page 93, № 12.

Translate INTO English.

My girlfriend is a very cute girl. She is slim and attractive. She has the right features of the face. It carries a short haircut; her hair is curly and bright, the nose is straight. We made friends with her in the school. She knows how to play the guitar and loves to read. She is a good friend.

My Friend Is a Very Nice Girl. She is Slim and Attractive. She Has Regular Features. She Has A Short Hairdo, Her Hair Is Fair and Wavy, Her Nose Is Straight. WE MADE FRIENDS WITH HER AT COLLEGE. She Can Play The Guitar and Likes to Read Very Much. She is a good friend.

Additional tasks on the topic

1. What of these qualities you would like to see in your friend, and what will be avoided?

Look at the Qualities Below. Which Do You Look for In A Friend? Which Do You Try to Avoid?

1. Loyal - Firm in their Support for a person

2. Selfish - Caring Only ABOUT THEMSELVES

3. Aggressive - Angry and Violent

4. Patient - Calm, Not Easily Annoyed

5. Respected - AdmiRED and Considered Important

6. Dedicated - DEVOTED AND ENTHUSIASTIC

7. Mean - Unkind To Another Person

8. Caring - Affectionate, Helpful and Sympathetic

9. Jealous - Angry or Bitter ABOUT SOMETHING

10. Creative - Able to Invent and Develop Original Ideas

11. TRUSTING- HONEST AND SINCERE

12. Dishonest - Not Truthful, Cannot Be Trusted

13. Supportive - Kind and Helpful During Difficult or Unhappy Times

14. Moody - Angry or Depressed Without Any Warning

15. Well-Meaning - Unsuccessful WHEN Trying To Be Helpful or Kind

3. Aggressive

4. Patient

5. Respectful

6. Finished

7. Non-promotional

8. Thoughtful

9. Jealous

10. Creatively gifted

11. Gulling

12. dishonest

13. Loyal, supporting anyone

14. Unbalanced, capricious

15. Unsuccessful trying to act from the best motives

P.100, No. 1.

Translate into Russian.

Translate Into Russian.

(a) general questions

1. Are you a student?

2. He invited you on his birthday?

3. Do you play piano?

4. Have you seen this person before?

5. Will you play guitar?

6. Have you been to college yesterday?

7. He read this new book?

10. They go with us?

(c) alternative questions

1. Is he a good or bad student?

2. Do they live in Moscow or in St. Petersburg?

3. Did you read this book or that?

4. Are you going to the disco in the evening or stay at home?

5. Do you read or just dream?

6. They gave him an album or videos?

7. When did they come in, she worked or playing on the computer?

8. Does he play tennis or football?

9. Do you have tea or coffee?

10. Did he dreamed of a computer or musical center?

(c) Special issues

1. What room in your apartment is the biggest?

2. Where are you going?

3. When does the lesson begins?

4. Why did you stay at home yesterday?

5. What happened at the end of the story?

6. How many people will be at a party?

7. How old are you?

8. Whom he invited?

9. Where did he live when he was a little boy?

10. What did they laugh when I entered?

11. What kind of music do you like?

12. How long did you go to write a test?

(d) questions to subject

1. Who likes music?

2. Who will come to the party?

3. Who was ready to answer?

4. Who knows the results?

5. Who talked yesterday with Vlad?

6. Who arrived early?

7. Who played the piano in the next room?

8. Who works at my computer?

9. Who read this book?

10. Who will give him a good gift?

(e) "tail" questions

1. He is avid theater, isn't it?

2. They are not close friends, yes?

3. She plays well on the piano, isn't it?

4. He was not busy yesterday?

5. I play football well, isn't it?

6. He read all the books on science fiction, right?

7. We make good photos, right?

8. When did we come, she did not cook, or prepared?

9. They visited several museums, right?

10. After all, it was inexpensive, right?

P.102, №2.

P.102, No. 3.

P.103, number 4

Make the Sentence Negative.

1. I am Not a Student.

2. He HAS NOT INVITED US TO HIS BIRTHDAY PARTY.

3. THEY DON'T PLAY THE GUITAR.

4. I Haven't Been Reading This Book for the Whole Summer.

5. HE WONT WRITE THE ESSAY TOMORROW.

6. SHE IS NOT FOND OF READING THRILLERS.

7. THEY ARE NOT COMING WITH US.

8. AT 7 O'Clock HE Wasn't Getting Up.

9. She Wasn't Sitting in Her Room When Somebody Knocked At The Door.

10. She Doesn't Live in the Hostel.

11. I Didn't Think You Would Ask Me ABOUT MARY.

12. He Didn't Tell Me He Had Seen Her Before.

13. THEY DIDNT GO TO ST. Petersburg in Summer.

14. I WON'T LISTEN TO CLASSICAL MUSIC AT HOME.

16. SAM AND HIS GIRLFRIEND HAVEN'T COME TO STAY WITH US THIS WEEKEND.

17. There Were Not 5 Students In The Class.

18. IT USUALY DOESNT TAKE ME 5 MINUTS TO GET TO College.

19. THEY DIDNT COLLECT STAMPS.

20. We Haven't Been Friends WITH VLAD FOR QUITE A LONG TIME.

P.104, number 6.

P.104, №7.

Translate INTO English.

Translate to English.

I study in a technical school, and I do not have a lot of free time. But I always find time for my passion. I love to take pictures very much. Recently, parents gave me an expensive and very good camera, and I spend a lot of time in finding interesting frames. I love to photograph my friends. When we go hiking or walk around the city, I always have my camera with you. I already have 4 album photos, and friends love to consider them when they come to visit me.

I Go to a Technical College and I don't Have Much Free Time. But i Always Find Time for My Hobby. I Like to Take Photos Very Much. Not Long Ago My Parents Gave Me An Expensive and Very Good Camera for A Present And I Sport a Lot of Time Looking for Interesting Pictures. I Like to Take Photos of My Friends. WHEN WE GO HIKING OR WALK IN THE TOWN I ALWAYS HAVE MY CAMERA WITH ME. I Have Got Already 4 Albums with Photos and My Friends Like to Watch Them When the Come to My Place.

P.104, №8.

Tell us about your hobby.

SPEAK ABOUT YOUR HOBBY.

MY HOBBY.

Hobbies Differ Like Tastes. If You Have Chosen A Hobby According To Your Character and Taste You Are Lucky Because Your Life Becomes More Interesting

Hobbies Are Divided Into Four Large Classes: Doing Things, Making Things, Collecting Things and Learning Things.

The MOST Popular of All Hobby Groups Is Doing Things. IT Includes a Wide Variety of Activities, Everything from Gardening to Traveling and From Chess to Volleyball.

Gardening Is One Of The Oldest of Man's Hobbies. IS A Well Known Font That The English Are Very Fond Of Gardening and Growing Flowers EsceciLy Roses.

Both Grown-Ups and Children Are Fond of Playing Different Computer Games. This is a relatively New Hobby But It is Becoming More and More Popular.

Making Things Includes Drawing, Painting, Making Sculpture, Designing Costumes, Handicrafts. Two Of The Most Famous Hobby Painters Were President Eisenhover and Sir Winston Churchill. Some Hobbyists Write Music or Play Musical Instruments. Present Bill Clinton, For Example, Plays The Saxophone.

ALMOST EVERYONE Collects Something At Some Period of His Life: Stampps, Coins, Matchboxes, Books, Records, Post Cards, Toys, Watches. Some Collections Have No Real Value. OTHERS BECOME SO LARGE AND SO VALUABLE THAT THEY ARE HOUSEED IN MUSEUMS AND GALLERIES. Many World- Famous Collections Started in a Small Way with One or Two Items. PEOPLE WITH A GOOD DEAL OF MONEY OFTEN Collect Paintings, Rare Books and Other Art Objects. Often Such Private Collections Are Given to Museums, Libraries and Public Galleries So That Others Might Take Pleasure in Seeing Them.

No Matter What Kind of Hobby A Person Has, He Always Has An Opportunity of Learning From It. By Reading ABOUT THE THINGS HE IS INTERESTED IN, HE IS ADDING TO WHAT HE KNOWS. Learning Things Can Be The Most Exciting Aspect Of A Hobby.

Text Getting Ready For a Party. Cooking. Shopping (P 111)

Vlad "S Birthday Is On The Eleventh of October. His Friends Are COMING TO HIS PARTY. IN THE MORNING ON TENTH OF OCTOBER VLAD AND HIS MOTHER ARE TALKING IN THE KITCHEN.

Mother: Darling, Will You Help Me With Cooking?

Vlad: Sure. But Ang "T You Afraid That I Spoil Everything? 1 am Not Much of a Cook.

Mother: Actually, There Is Nothing You Can Spoil. Just Take The Carrot and Four Or Five Potatoes, Put Them Into The Pot, Boil Them for About Half An Hour. Then Peel and Dice Them, Thpn Put All Them Into That Blue Bowl.

Vlad: What Are These Vegetables for?

Mother: They Are for your Favourite Meat Salad, of Course. Then Add Pickles, Peas, Three Boiled Eggs and Sausage.

Vlad: And Mayonnaise, of Course.

Mother: AH, CERTAINLY. And WE "VE RUN OUT OF MAYONNAISE. WHEN YOU AND DAD GO SHOPPING DON" T FORGET TO BUY SOME.

Vlad: All Right. And What about green peas? I DON "T See Any in The Fridge.

Mother: Don "T You? I Thought We Had Some Left. Anyway, You Can Include a Can of Green Peas In Your Shopping List.

Vlad: Mum, What Are You Going to Cook for the Main Course?

Mother: I Think Beef Stroganoff IS A Nice Choice,

Vlad: Beef Stroganoff? This Is Meat Cooked in Sour Cream and Served With Rice, ISN "T IT?

Mother: Exactly. How do you like this?

Vlad: You know, IT IS What I Really Like.

Mother: Of Course, I Know It Very Well. By The Way, I Don "T Think I" LL Bother About Baking A Pie. You Will BUY A NICE Cake and I "LL Bake Some Cookies.

Vlad: CERTAINLY. WELL, AS SOON AS THE SALAD IS READY, DAD AND I WILL GO SHOPPING.

Mother: All Right, Here Is the Shopping List.

IN THE SUPERMARKET (P112)

Father Let "S Begin from thely beginning. Do We Have to Buy Any Dairy Products?

Vlad: Yes, We "LL Take Half a Kilo of Sour Cream and Three Hundred Grams of Mayonnaise.

Father: Do You Want Any Cheese? There Is No Cheese in the List.

Vlad: What about Taking Some? Just to Be On The Safe Side.

Father: How Much Shall We Take, Do You Think?

Vlad: About Four Hundred Grams. This Piece Will Do.

Father: right. Let "S Take a Packet of Milk As Well.

Vlad: What about Canned Goods? We Need A Can of Peas, A CAN OF STRAWBERRY JAM FOR THE COOKIES AND A LITRE OF SUNFLOWER OIL.

Vlad: Do We Have To BUY Any Meat?

Father: No, WE DON "T. But We Must BUY SOME SALAMI.

Vlad: Shall I Ask the Shop Assistant to Slice IT?

Father: WE "D BETTER BUY SLICED SALAMI IN A VACUUM PACKAGE. IT HAS A BETTER TASTE, IN MY OPINION. AND WHAT WILL YOU SALMON?

Vlad: I'd Love Some. Take this Pack, Please, Will You? Now Let "S Go to the Confectionry, I Want to Choose a Chocolate Cake!

TEXT SALES TAX (P113)

Cities and States In The USA Have the right to Charge An Additional Percentage Of The Cost of Some Goods.

In most places, The Sales Tax IS From 5 to 10 Per Cent of the Price Of The Price Goods You BUY. You Should Pay The Sales Tax for Many Non-Food Items, such as Technical Equipment, Books, Records, Household Products, Appliances, Cameras and Films. You Will Pay A Sales Tax for Prepared Food, For Example, When you are in a Restaurant. You Must Remember That The Prices Listed on Items in Stores Do Not Include Sales Tax - A Cashier Will Add It To Your Bill.

Page 1177 No. 10.

P.117 №11

P117 No. 12.

P.118 №13

P.118, No. 14.

P. 118, № 19.

P. 119, № 20.

Text at the table (p. 122)

Today is the birthday of Vlad. A few minutes later friends will come home. There are no parents and brother at home. They gone to watch a new apartment of Nina. Now Vlad with Lena is covered on the table.

Lena: Look, Vlad, Is everything okay?

Vlad.: All right! Flowers are just wonderful!

Lena:Not. I mean, do you like, how are there plates and glasses?

Vlad:Yes of course! Now let's bring salads.

Lena: Okay. Only first show me, please, where there are forks, spoons and knives.

Vlad.: They are in the buffet behind you.

Lena: Thank you. Now, in my opinion, everything is ready.

Vlad:Why don't we bring hot?

Lena: I think it is better to wait until guests come.

Vlad:Yeah! Someone calls on the door!

Vlad and Lena are coming to meet guests. Stepan, Igor, Ilya, Misha, Olga, Anya, Masha and Veronica all together enter the apartment.

Happy Birthday, Vlad! We wish you all the best!

Vlad.: Thanks guys! Please pass.

Stepan:Vlad, Lena, this is Anya

Vlad:Hello Anya!

Lena: Nice to meet, Anya!

Anya:Me too!

Igor:Vlad, this is a gift from us all.

Vlad:Oh! That's lovely! Look, Lena, they gave me rollers. It was my old dream!

Vlad and Lena invite everyone to the table.

Stepan: Which choice!

Igor: Everything looks so tasty!

Vlad: Well, guys put everything you see here.

Veronica:This salad is very good. How do you do it?

Vlad: Honestly, I do not know. This my mother is preparing him and she says that this is her personal "know-how". I myself like it yourself.

Ilya: Can I also have this salad too?

Lena: Yes of course. Do you want to try again? This is a meat salad. Vlad told me that he was preparing himself.

Ilya: Then everyone should try it.

Stepan.: Tell me salt, please!

Anya.: Where's she? I do not see.

Stepan.: She near a plate with sandwiches.

Anya: BUT! Now I see. You are welcome.

Stepan.: Thank you.

Igor: Do not rash so much salt in the salad. You won't be it if you translate.

Vlad: I know Stepan loves everything sharp.

Lena: Does anyone want lemonade or mineral water?

Anya: Mineralo, please!

Lena: Are you carbonated or simple?

Anya: Simple, please.

Vlad.: Is it time to carry hot?

Ilya: If you do not mind, let's arouse the break: everyone is located.

Igor: Vlad, will you show us your new discs?

Masha: Girls, let's help Lena gather dishes.

125 No. 1.

Translate into Russian

1. From the window you could see the mountains.

2. We definitely have to watch this film. They say it is really wonderful.

3. She is unpredictable. You never know what she will say or will do the next moment.

4. It is impossible to know everything.

5. They say no news - good news.

125 No. 2.

P.1255№3

Translate into Russian

8. Darks.

9. Looks like you do not like sharp food.

10. He usually leaves half an hour to get to college.

11. very late.

12. From here far to the park.

13. What time is it? A quarter to three.

14. Nice to see you so happy.

15. It is a pity that she is sick.

P126 №5

Page 126, No. 6.

126, No. 8.

1266, No. 10.

127, No. 11.

Translate to English.

Translate INTO English.

The English Have Three Meals A Day As a Rule. In The Morning The Have Breakfast. A Traditional English Breakfast Consists of Cereal, a toast with Marmalade or Jam, Juice and A Cup of Tea or Coffee. Lunch Is From Midday Till 1pm. AT LUNCH Hours People Usally Go to a Café or Restaurant. In Great Britain One Can Find A Lot of Restaurants with a National Cuisine - Italian, Chinase E. g.

Dinner Is The Most Substantial Meal of a Day When All The Family is together. It's The Time for Communication Not Only for Eating.

Text of the USA in the US (p. 133)

The United States often represent how the country of skyscrapers. In fact, it is not quite so. High buildings are located in the center (downtown), they host offices of large firms, banks and shops. This America begins with small cozy houses built for a single family with children. Each house has its own style, his own "face", his inhabitants decorate him with love and care. Of course, young people do not worry about 25 years to have their own home, they prefer not to buy housing, but to shoot it. But after the engagement, they begin to look for themselves suitable accommodation. The engagement lasts from half a year to three years (sometimes even longer), but somehow, and to thirty years, young people begin to live in their own homes.

Typical house two-storey. On the ground floor there are a living room, hall and kitchen, while on the second there are bedrooms. The garage is located downstairs. An American will say, "I live in a two-bedroom house", which means that the house is not very big or: "In my house there are 5 bedrooms," which means that the house is quite large. A small garden or lawn is usually located in front of the house. The basement usually contains laundry, and sometimes even a gym! Winter is rarely harsh in the United States, so the walls are not thick. At home are built very quickly. The construction company requires 3-4 months. To build a new home. Of course, there are all amenities in homes.

Houses can be located quite far from the center. Live far from the center is not a problem, as each family member has a car.

Words and expressions that need to know on this topic:

Apartment .............................. Apartment

Residential apartment building ... Apartment House

Bathroom…………………. Bathroom.

Bedroom .............................. Bedroom

Blinds ................................. Blinds.

Built-in wardrobe .................. BUILT-IN-WARDROBE

carpet ................................................ CARPET.

cost a whole condition ............ ... Cost a Fortune

curtain .................................... .curtain.

cozy ................................. Cosy / Comfortable

destore .............................. .Deserve.

dining room ................................. Dining Room

Down the stairs / on the first floor ..downstairs

Furniture .................................... .furniture.

hall ................................. Hall, Corridor

hang away. ....................................hang (Hung, Hung)

housewarming ................................. House-Warming Party.

in the center .................................... in the center

in the middle ..................................in The Middle

in the right / left corner ..................... in the right / left corner

kitchen .........................................Kitchen

stop the tile ........................ Lay the Tiles

living room ........................... ... Living Room

harmonize, approach the color ... Match

nearby ................................. .Nearby / Not Far From

coloring ....................................... Paint

repair ........................................repairs.

save .................................... Save Money

living room .................................... Sitting Room

space, area .................. .. Space

left .......................................... ..to The Left

right .......................................... to the right

up the stairs, on the top floor ... .upstairs

wallpaper ............................................. Wallpaper

wardrobe, wardrobe .............................. ..wardrobe

blide .......................................... .whitewash

floor ............................................. Floor

P.134 №2.

P.135 №3

P135 №4

P135 №5

P.136, No. 7.

HOUSES IN THE USA (P.133)

The USA IS Often Pictured As A Country of Skyscrapers. IN FACT, IT IS NOT QUITE SO. The Tall Buildings Are Located in the center (Downtown), Housing Offices of Large Firms, Banks and Shops. Real America Begins with Little Cosy House Designed for One Family with Children. Each House Has Its Own Style and Face; ITS INHABITANTS DECORATE IT WITH LOVE AND CARE. Of Course, Young People usually don "T Bother About Having a House of their Own Until Their Mid-Twenties and Prefer Renting An Apartment to Buying a house. As Soon As they Get Engaged, They Start Looking for a.suitable House to Live in. Engagement Lasts From Half A Year To Three Years (Sometimes Even Longer), But Anyway By The Age of Thirty The Young Couple Starts Living in a House of their Own.

A TYPICAL HOUSE IS TWO-STOREYED. On The Ground Floor a Sitting Room, A Hall and A Kitchen Are Situated, While Upstairs there Are Bedrooms. A Garage Is Downstairs. An American Will Say: "I live in a two-bedroom house" Which Means The House is Not Very Large, OR: "There Are Five Bedrooms in My House", Which Means The House is Quite Large. In Front Of The House There Is Usually A Small Garden Or A Lawn. In The Basement There Is Often A Laundry and Sometimes Even A Gym! WINTERS ARE SELDOM SEVERE IN THE USA, SO THE WALLS ARE NOT THICK. The Houses Are Built Very Quickly - It Will Take a Building Company Three to Four Months to Build a New House. Of course, There are All Modern Conveniences.

The Houses May Be Located Rather Far from the center. Living Far from the center is not a problem AS EVERY FAMILY Member Has A Car.

1. Is the USA A Country of Skyscrapers?

2. Where Are the Tall Buildings Located?

3. What Kind of Houses Is Typical for Real America?

4. Why Does Each House Have Its Own "Face"?

5. Do Young People in America BUY THEIR OWN HOUSES?

6. Howl Long Does Engagement Last In the USA?

7. Is A TYPICAL HOUSE MULTI - STOREYED?

8. Where are the bedrooms usually situated?

9. What is there in front of the house?

10. Is Living Far from the Center A Problem in America?

P. 136, No. 10.

My Flat.

I live in a new 16-storeyed block of flats. IT's Situated in a Very Picturesque Place Not Far from The Moskva River. There is a Big Supermarket on the ground floor and it's style convenient to do everyday shopping.

Our Flat Is On The Fifth Floor. IT's Very Comfortable and Well-Planned. We Have All Modern Conveniences, Such As Central Heating, Electricity, Gas, Hot and Cold Running Water and a Telephone. There Are Three Rooms, A Kitchen, a bathroom and a Hall in Our Flat. There Is Also A Balcony and We Can Enjoy A Lovely View of the River.

The Largest Room In Our Flat Is The Living Room and We Use It As A Dining Room and As A Sitting Room. In The Middle of the Room There Is A Large Table and Six Chairs Round It. Opposite The Window There Is A Wall Unit with Lots of Books and A TV-Set. There Are Two Comfortable Armchairs and A Small Coffee Table in the Right Corner. There Is Also A Sofa and An Electric Fire In Our Sitting Room. WE LIKE THE LIVING ROOM BEST OF ALL, BECAUSE IN THE EVENINGS WE GATHER THERE TOA TEA, Watch TV, Talk and Just Relax and Rest.

My Room Is The Smallest Room in Our Flat, But It Is Very Cosy and Light. There IS A Bed, a Wardrobe, A Desk, An Armchair and Several Bookshelves in My Room. There Is a Thick Carpet On The Floor. The Walls in My Bedroom ARE Yellow and There Are Some Big Posters on them. I Like My Room Very Much But From Time to Time I Change It Round. I QUITE OFTEN MOVE THE BED AND CHANGE POSTERS ON THE WALL.

Our Kitchen Is Large and Light. IT is well-equipped. We Have Got A Refrigerator, A Freezer, A Microwave Oven, A Coffeemaker, A Toaster and a Dishwasher. We use it as a dining room in the mornings.

P. 136, No. 11.

ON TRAVELING (P 141)

People Started Traveling In The Ancient Times. The First Travelers Were Pilgrims, Nomads and Explorers. Traveling Was Really Dangerous In Those Days, But There Were Always Brave and Daring People Who Went On Discovering New Lands, In Search of Wealth and Fame.

Nowadays Things Have Changed Significantly. Hundreds of Companies Are Willing to Help You If You are Planning to Go Somewhere. You are free to choose where to go: You may bewill to spend a vacation in the mountains or by The Sea and A Plane Will Take You to the Place of Your Choice in a Matter of Hours. A Lot of People Will Cater to The Needs of the Travelers in Hotels and Holiday Centres All Over The World. Visitors Are AMUSED AND TAKEN CARE OF IN ANY POSSIBLE WAY. HolidayMaking Has Become ONE OF THE MOST PROFITABLE INDUSTRIES, AND THE BUDGET OF MANY COUNTRIES, SUCH AS TURKEY, EGYPT AND GREECE DEPENDS ON TOURISM A LOT. Traveling Has Become Easier - and Maybe Less Exciting.

P.142 №1

Translate into Russian

1. If we have a test today, I will get an excellent assessment.

2. I will prepare a festive lunch, provided you come back from the village on time.

3. They will wait for you if you need their help.

4. She will not stand until anyone wakes it up.

5. They will travel to the Crimea by car, provided that they have been booking at the hotel.

6. If you call us at 6 o'clock, we will not be late.

7. Mom will prepare a cake if you still wash the dishes.

1. If they came, we would start working.

2. If you were brought to me the timetable schedule, I would choose the best train for us.

3. If he was with us, he would find a way out.

4. If I were in your place, I would have drove by car.

5. You would not have problems if you went by car, not by bus.

6. If they knew how much space the tent takes, they would not take her.

7. If you saw her, she would like.

1. If they started work yesterday, they would have finished her already.

2. If he did not call me, I would not come.

3. If they bought a ticket to the resort, they would have better spent a summer vacation.

4. They would not have to stand in the queue for tickets if they decided to go hiking.

5. If he were here, he would immediately solve this problem.

P.143№2

Answer questions using data in the word column

1. Will You Come to Our Place? - I'll Come O Your Place If I Have Time.

2. Will the Come with US? - They Will Come with US After They Do Their Homework.

3. Will She Pass He Test in English? - She Will Pass He Test in English If She Works A Lot.

4. Will You Help Me? - I'll Help You If You Help Me First.

5. Will Mike FINISH HIS Work? - Mike Will Finish His Work If He Is Clever ENOUGH.

6. Will We Travel by Train? - WE'LL Travel by Train After We Book The Tickets.

7. Will You Go to the South in Summer? - I'll go to the south in Summer If I Have Money.

8. Will Kate Travel by Plane? - Kate Would Travel by Plane in Case She Wasn't Airsick.

9. Will You Book a Ticket for Me? - I'll Book A Ticket for You in Case You Tell Me The Time of the Departure.

10. Will You Translate This Sentence? - I'll Translate This Sentence WHEN YOU GIVE ME THE DIFTIONARY.

11. Will He Write A Letter to His Friends? - He'll Write A Letter to His Friends if He Misses Them.

P143 №3

P.145, №4

Translate INTO English.

1. If you have time, attack the letter to friends.

1. In case the weather is good, we will swim and sunbathe.

2. If you go through the train, you will better buy tickets in advance.

3. If you stay with us for another 2 days, I will show you all the sights of St. Petersburg.

4. I will write to you if I have time.

5. If you were not so worried, we would have rested better.

6. The type of coast would be beautiful if he had not spoiled tents of tourists.

7. We would go by car if we thought the route in advance.

8. I would not worry so, if I were in your place.

9. If he were at home, he would answer the phone call.

1. IF You Have Time Write A Letter To Your Friends.

2. If The Weather Is Fine We Shall Swim and Sunbathe.

3. If you go by Train You'D Better BUY Tickets Beforehand.

4. If You Stay with US TWO MORE DAYS I'LL Show You All The Sights of St-Petersburg.

5. I'LL WRITE YOU IF I Have Time.

6. If you hadn't worried So Much We Would Have Better Rest.

7. The Seaside Would be Beautiful if the tourists' Tents Hadn't Spoiled It.

8. We Would Go By Car If We Had Thought ABOUT THE ROUTE BEFOREHAND.

9. IF I WERRY YOU I WouldN't worry SO Much.

10. If He Had Been At Home He Would Answer The Telephone Call.

P.145, №6

P.146, №10

Translate INTO English.

Modern life is impossible without traveling. There are various ways to travel: you can travel by car, by plane, by train, by bus and even on foot. Each type of transport has its advantages. Faster traveling on the plane, the most convenient and romantic type of travel - by sea. If you do not want to worry about baggage and buy tickets, you, of course, go on a trip by car. Traveling on foot, you can enjoy beautiful nature and species, as well as visit those places where you can't get any transport.

Modern Life Is Impossible without Travelling. There Are Different Kinds of Traveling: You Can go by car, by Plane, by Train, by Bus and Even Walk. Every Kind of Transport Has Its Advantages.

The Fastest Kind Of Travelling Is One by Plane. The Most Convenient and Romantic Is Traveling by Water. If You Don't Want To Worry About The Luggage and Buy Tickets, Of Course, You Should Go by Car. Walking, One Caan Enjoy Wonderful Nature and Beautiful Sights and Visit The Paces You Can't Get Any Kind of Transport.

Text A Visit to A Doctor (P151)

ON MONDAY VLAD FELT UNWELL. HE HAD A SORE THROAT, A RUNNING NOSE AND A BAD COUGH. He Went to College, But After The First Period His Teacher Told Him to Go and See The Doctor, Because He Had The Symptoms of The Flu, and It Was a Very Catching Disease. So vlad left the college and went to a polyclinic. There Were Several People in the queue in front of the cabinet, But in Less Than Half An Hour Viad "S Turn Came and He Entered.

Vlad: Good Morning. May I Come in?

Doctor: Yes, Please. What is the Matter with You?

Vlad: I Think I Have Got A Slight Cold, Doctor. I Have a Sore Throat and a Running Nose.

Doctor: Do You Cough?

Vlad: Yes, I do Occasionally.

Doctor: Have you Taken Your Temperature?

Vlad: As a Matter of Fact, I Haven "T, Doctor.

Doctor; Then Take a seat. Here is a thermometer. Well, Young Man, Your Temperature Is Rather High - IT IS 38.4 °. Let Me Examine Your Throat. NOW STRIP TO THE WAIST, PLEASE. I MUST SOUND Your Chest. All Right, You May Dress Yourself.

Vlad: Well, Doctor, Is there Anything Serious The Matter with Me?

Doctor: Don "T Worry; There Is Nothing Really Serious. You Have Got Flu. IT IS Spring Now, and Many People Suffer from Flu. But You Shouldn" T Treat Your Disease Lightly. IT OFTEN LEADS TO COMPLICATIONS, IF A PATIENT DOESN "T FOLLOW THE DOCTOR" S Advice.

Vlad: What am 1 to do, doctor?

Doctor: Here Is The Recipe, take these pills three times a day. Gargle Your Throat With This Mixture Every Two Hours. DON "T GO TO THE CHEMIST" S YouRSELF. Ask Your Relative To Go and Fetch The Medicine for You. Drink Hot Tea or Milk. And Stay In Bed for At Least Three Days. Do You Need A Sick Leave?

Vlad: Yes, i do.

DOCTOR: THEN I "LL GIVE YOU A Leave for Three Days, and then you Will Come to See Me Again.

Vlad: Thank You Very Much, Doctor. Goodbye.

Having Left The Polyclinic, Vlad Went Straight Home. He Asked Alexei to Go to the Chemist "S for the Medicine and Went to bed. He Followed the Doctor" S Advice and Did Everything He Had Prescribed. His Friends Called Him and Asked How He Felt. They Wanted to Come and See Him, But Viad "S Mother Didn" T Allow to. So the Sent Him Some to Read. By The End of The Third Day vlad Stopped Sneezing and Cough and His Temperature Was Normal Again. HE WAS GLAD THAT HE Recovered.

P.153 №4

11. Send a doctor.

12. Stop talking!

13. Give me paper.

14. Translate this text from Russian to English.

15. Advise me the topic for the report.

16. Do not open the window!

17. Do not take this book. She is mine.

18. Let's go skiing on Sunday

19. Let them say.

20. Let it translate this difficult offer.

21. Do not allow him to watch TV while it does not make lessons for tomorrow.

22. Will you write me a letter?

23. Please open the window.

24. Do you show me the photos that did during the holidays?

25. Could you translate this difficult offer for me?

P.154 №5

P154 №6

Translate to English.

Translate INTO English.

1. Let him go to the doctor.

2. Go to the doctor.

3. Let's see this film.

4. Let the nurse measure the temperature.

5. Do not close the door.

6. Allow me to invite you to the movies.

7. Make a homework!

8. Do not ask him about it.

9. Get well!

10. Let them also come to visit me.

11. Let's see photos together.

12. Not having a cold!

13. Please close the door.

14. Could you say that an hour?

1. Let Him Go to the Doctor.

2. Go to the Doctor.

3. Let's Watch This Film.

4. Let the Nurse Take His Temperature.

5. DON'T CLOSE THE DOOR!

6. Let ME Invite You to the Pictures.

7. Do Yours Homework!

8. DON'T ASK HIM ABOUT IT.

10. Let Them Come to My Place, Too.

11. Let's Watch The Pictures (Photos) Together.

12. DON'T CATCH COLD!

13. Would You Close The Door, Please?

14. Would You Tell Me What the Time IS?

P. 156 №9

P. 156 №11

P. 156 №14.

P.163 №1

Translate into Russian

Translate Into Russian.

1. I knew that he never missed lectures.

2. I hoped that he would not come and would not spoil the party.

3. We thought they were a happy couple.

4. Everyone was sure that she was a liar.

5. Strange! I thought I forgot the textbook at home.

6. He said he was very tired.

7. They did not know that he was already at the doctor.

8. He said that he would not go to college on Friday.

9. I expected you to present me to my teacher.

10. She said he was glad to see us.

11. He said he wanted to call another country.

12. Why did you say that you were not the day before yesterday?

13. He wanted to know why you missed the lecture.

14. Misha told me that she would be very soon there.

15. She promised that he would call us next week.

17. The Father promised that this time the train would not be so tedious.

18. They were afraid that the repair would fly to them in a penny.

19. Mom thought children play football in the yard.

20. Sam told me that he read the book all night.

P.163№2.

P164№3

P.165, №4

P.165, №6

Internet text (p. 170)

"Vocational education A. P. Golubev, A. P. Korzhavai, and. b. Smirnova English for technical specialties English for Technical Colleges Tutorial ... »

-- [ Page 1 ] --

PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION

A. P. Golubev, A. P. Korzhavoy,

and. b. Smirnova

English

for technical

Federal State Autonomous Institution

"Federal Institute for Education Development" (FGAU "Firo")

as a textbook for use

in the educational process of educational institutions,

implementing SPO programs for all technical specialties

4th edition, stereotypical UDC 802.0 (075.32) BBK 84.2Ungl-9I723 g621

Authors:

A. P. Golubev - general edition, section II (theoretical material);

A. P. Korzhava - Section II (practical part), section III;

I. B. Smirnova - Sections I and IV

R E C E N Z E N T s:

senior Lecturer of the Department of Foreign Languages \u200b\u200bof the Kaluga Branch MSTU. N.E. Bauman I. V. Zhuravleva;

lecturer of Kaluga Technical School of Electronic Devices O. I. Ievleva Golubev A. P.

English for technical specialties \u003d G621 English for Technical Colleges: Textbook for stud. media institutions. prof. Education / A. P. Golubev, A. P. Korzhavaya, I. B. Smirnova. - 4-e ed., Ched. - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2014. - 208 p.

ISBN 978-5-4468-0713-0 The textbook was established in accordance with the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education in technical specialties, OGSE.03 "Foreign Language".

It presents the main common conscriptive topics, dialogues and tasks for them. Available presentation of the foundations of phonetics and grammar in Russian, the presence of exercises for training allows the use of a textbook for beginners. A separate section - "Professional activities of a specialist" - make up topics directly related to the future work of graduates of the educational institution.

For students of secondary vocational education institutions.

UDC 802.0 (075.32) BBK 81.2Ungl-9I723 The original-layout of this publication is the property of the Academy Publishing Center, and its reproduction without the consent of the copyright holder is prohibited © Golubev A. P., Korzhavoy A.P., Smirnova I. B. 2012 © Educational and Publishing Center "Academy", 2012 ISBN 978-5-4468-0713-0 © Registration. Publishing Center "Academy", 2012

Preface

This textbook was established in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard and Foreign Language Program for technical specialties for medium-sized institutions.

A foreign language for technical specialties in the Russian approved by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation a classifier refers to the cycle of common humanitarian and socio-economic disciplines (OGSE).

The tutorial consists of C. E.S.

Based on the fact that one of the requirements of learning is the development of elementary communication skills, the authors considered it necessary to start a textbook with a brief introductory-corrective phonetic course, since the correct pronunciation is one of the essential conditions of communication.

The next section, the "bases of practical grammar", contains a short theoretical information, control questions on the main topics of grammar, training texts and exercises.

The authors found inappropriate to stretch the study of grammar for the entire course. In their opinion, it was better from the very beginning to give a fairly short and holistic picture of the English grammar, which in the future can be complemented by the desired details.

In the third section, the "professional activities of a specialist" are studied topics directly related to the future work of graduates of the educational institution. The main objective of this unit is to form the ability to conduct conversations for professional topics, read special literature. Each topic repeats the grammatical phenomena studied in the previous block.

In the fourth section, "Business English", instead of the tasks of previous blocks associated with common household or special topics, more narrow business tasks are set before students.

The material of all sections for greater convenience is distributed by lessons. The concept of "lesson" here is thematic, i.e., unites a certain range of issues, and does not mean "one hour" at all

or "one lesson". A specific number of hours, allocated to each lesson, can be determined by the teacher taking into account the whole and degree of preparedness of the Group.

RA Z D E L I

Enterprise-corrective

Phonetic course

- & nbsp- & nbsp-

In English, 44 sounds (12 vowels, 24 consonants and 8 so-called difthongs, that is, sounds consisting of two vowel elements). Please note: the number of sounds is not equal to the number of letters of the English alphabet, which are numbered 26!

- & nbsp- & nbsp-

Transcription is the symbol of sound signs.

In this case, each transcription sign corresponds to one sound.

Transcription is accepted in square brackets.

Signs of international transcription

- & nbsp- & nbsp-

The main features of English articulation and pronunciation before proceeding to work with individual sounds of English, we note some of the differences in English articulation from Russian.

1. The British are not articulate vigorously with lips, they are not rounded much, they do not stretch and do not push.

2. In the neutral position of the lip in the Russians more relaxed, the corners of the lips are omitted. The British lips are more tense and the corners of the lips are raised that slightly reminds a smile.

3. With the articulation of English consonants, the language will move more back, is in a lower and flat position than with the articulation of Russian consonants. Therefore, they are not softened and firmly pronounced, except: [s], [z],, and also [l] before vowels I, E, U.

4. When pronouncing English vowels, the language is more often in the rear of the oral cavity, and when they pronounce Russians - mainly in the front.

From here, some characteristic features of the sounds of English are followed.

Vowels

1. Glazny English, unlike Russians, are divided by a quantitative basis for long and short. Long vowels are pronounced more intense than brief. For example: [i] -, Live - Leave. But not all brief vowels have a pair long sound.

2. Diffents and vowels are characterized by sliding articulation from one element to another. In Russian, there are no such sounds.

Reduction of vowel sounds

In English, as well as in Russian, the unknown vowel sound is pronounced inequalous: either the quality of the vowel changes, or its longitude is reduced, or the sound completely falls: Interval [' [Email Protected]@l], Pencil [' [Email Protected]], Begin, Nickel, Away [@ 'WEI].

Consonants

1. British deaf consonants are pronounced more vigorously than Russians.

2. For English speech, it is important to distinguish the final deaf and voiced consonants, since it is semantic. For example:

cAP - CAB LEAF - Leave Back - Bag Hat - Had One of the most common mistakes of Russian students is the stunning of the British finite voiced consonants.

3. The consonants [t], [d] and nasal [n] are pronounced in English in English, and not on the upper teeth, like Russians [t, d, n].

4. Deaf consonants [p], [t], [k] are pronounced with the silence.

The usual Russian unfortunate [n] in English can in some cases make it difficult to understand. The adhesiveness [p], [t], [k] is noticeable before the long voice of the shock syllable.

With the preceding [s], these sounds are pronounced almost without suffering:

pARK - SPEAK TEA - STAY COOSE - SKATE

Emphasis

In English, as well as in Russian, the emphasis in the Word may have to have different syllables. Emphasis in transcription is indicated by the icon ('), which is placed before the start of the syllable: Possible [' [Email Protected]@L], impossible.

In English multi-line words there may be two strokes of various power: the main and secondary. The main stress icon is made on top, and the secondary - downstairs: Possibility [" [Email Protected]'Biliti].

Many English words have two main strokes: Fifteen ['Fif'tn], Ice-Cream [' Ais'KRM], to Get Up.

Emphasis in English, as well as in Russian, performs various features between some verbs and nouns:

contakt - Contact; Interact Contact ['KNT (KT] - contact; interaction

In English, the emphasis can serve to distinguish phrases and complex words:

blackboard ['BL (KBD] - Blackboard Blackboard [' BL (K 'BD] - Blackboard

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1. In narrative proposals, a descending tone is usually used:

I FEEL WELL.

2. In motivating proposals expressing an order or a ban, a downward tone is used:

3. In the wake-up proposals expressing the request, upwards are used:

Spell The Word, Please.

4. Exclamation proposals are pronounced with a downward tone:

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1. In general, the question is usually used ascending:

[(M AI Leit] Is He Busy?

2. In an alternative issue, the first part is pronounced with a rising tone, the second - downward:

Is it Thursday or Friday?

3. A special issue is pronounced with a downward tone:

4. In the intended matters, the narrative part of the proposal is pronounced with a downward tone, questioning - with ascending:

The Room Isn't Light, Is IT?

If the speaker does not doubt the correctness of his statement, he speaks with a downward tone:

Peter Is Eight, ISN't HE?

Lesson 1 sounds and letters: vowels front rows. Family text: Family Public Front Rows Let's start learning English sounds from vowel front rows (language is ahead), [i], [e], [(].

Long vowel - wider, open sound than Russian [and]. This means that the average back of the tongue rises to a solid nebu more than for Russian. The tip of the language relates to the lower teeth, and the lips stretched, slightly exposing the teeth.

Example: EAT [T] [i] The position of speech organs is approximately the same as for, but the average back of the tongue is strung up to the top slightly less. The desired shade of sound lies between the Russian [and] and [e].

Example: Bit [E] The tip of the language concerns the lower teeth. The average back of the tongue is strung forward and upward, but not as high as for [i]. The corners of the lips are delayed to the sides. The mouth opens a little wider than for [i].

Example: EGG [(] is traditionally considered a brief vowel. But in the words SAD, BAD, BAG, JAM, MAN he sounds long. The tip of the language concerns the lower teeth, the front of the tongue is lower than for [E]. The distance between the jaws is wide. This sound lies between the Russians [e] and shock [a] before soft consonants.

Example: AXE [(KS]

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Noisy furnace [p], [b] lips are more tense than for Russians [n] and [b], and slightly stretched. For a moment, they are tightly closed, immediately swallowed, and the air with noise breaks down ([p] before long shock, the vowels is accompanied by aspiration).

Examples: Pen, Boot [T], [d] in English [T], [D] Language is backward, and its tip is touched by alveoli. With the Russian [t] and [d], it touches the front upper teeth ([t] accompanied by sneaking).

Examples: Tent, Dog

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[T], [d] The tip of the tongue is loosely pressed to the cutting edge of the upper incisors, but can be supplied between the front top and bottom teeth. These sounds are not "whistling", as Russian [s], [s], and "whispered".

Examples: THIN, THEN [S], [Z] in English [s], [z] The tip of the tongue is raised to the alveolis, the language is fed a little back (with Russian [s] and [z] omitted). Therefore, [s], [z] have less whistling character than the relevant Russians.

Lips are slightly rounded.

Examples: Sack, Zoo [z] [s], [z] When [S], [z], only the front of the language rises: its tip is to the back of the alveoli, and the middle back is to a solid coat; Whereas with Russians [sh], [F] rises and the back back of the tongue. Therefore, [s], [z] have a softer color than [sh], [g]. Lips are somewhat nominated and rounded.

Examples: Ship, Garage ['G (Rz], a broken start goes into a slot. Such sounds are called affrircts. It should be tightly told than Russian [h]: the back of the language is not as high as the voice. When pronouncing this articulation, a voice is added.

Examples: Chair [E @], JUG [G] [H] Major sound formed by friction of an air jet about nasty, but not intense voice ligaments. When [H] is set, it is necessary to start with the text of the language for the subsequent vowel and then give this vowel beginning. The back back of the tongue does not rise to the neba, as in Russian [x].

Example: HAT Sonnets nasal [M], [n], (soft sky omitted) [m] compared with Russian [m] in English [M] closed lips more tense and slightly stretched. The air jet passes through the nose.

Example: Mail [n] Language is somewhat moving back it, a stupid end is pressed to alveoli, but not omitted, as in Russian [n].

Example: Nest To pronounce a sound, it is recommended to breathe through the nose wide open mouth. And keeping this position, to give a voice to inhale. The rear back of the tongue with the lowered soft naba is closed. The tip of the language is omitted.

Example: King Slot Sonanta [L], [J], [W], [R] [L] The tip of the language is tightly pressed to the alveoli, whereas with Russian [l], [l '] it is pressed against the inner surface of the upper teeth. At the end of words, and before consonants, a solid shade is pronounced [L]. Solid [L] is pronounced softer than [l]. Soft [L] pronounces harder than [l '].

Example: Log [j] The average back of the language rises to a solid nebu a little less than for Russian [th]. Therefore, it is much less noise than in Russian. The lips stretched, the tip of the tongue is at the lower teeth.

Example: Yacht [w] There is no similar sound in Russian. Stressful lips are very rounded and somewhat advanced, forming a narrow round gap, and immediately go to the position required for the next vowel. It is necessary to ensure that the lower lip does not hurt the upper teeth, otherwise it turns out [v].

Example: Well [R] English [R] pronounced the tongue of the language close to Alveola. The lips are slightly rounded. Only between vowels and after [T], [d] when pronouncing [R], the tip of the tongue is in contact with alveoli, producing one blow.

Example: Rag Exercises

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1. What is phonetic transcription?

2. What classes of sounds are highlighted in English?

3. What are the main features of pronunciation of English vowels?

4. What are the main features of pronunciation of English consonants?

5. What are the features of stress in English?

6. What intonation is characteristic of narrative, exclamation, incentive proposals?

7. What is the intonation inherent in different types of question proposals?

HOME TASK (Home Task)

1. Write a word in spelling words from the lesson text recorded in transcription.

[S] [H] ,,, ['Veri] ,, [' [Email Protected]] ,,, ['priti] ,,,,,,, Bizi]

2. Translate into English and read out loud.

Small, tidy, happy, sad, big. He teaches. He eats. He drinks. He is talking. He helps.

3. Write out of the text lesson in four columns of words with shock vowels [i],, [e], [(].

4. Learn two any short stories from the text of the lesson.

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The backstone vowel (language is behind) include: ,,,, [v], [u], [:], [@].

Example: all [l] The back back of the language is uncurred to the soft coat slightly less than for. Lips are slightly rounded, but do not protrude.

Example: Ox vowels rear advanced row (tongue is not so far away):

,, [v], [:], [@] vowel looks like a Russian sound [a] in an unstressed position.

Lifting language - medium, the tip of the tongue is behind the base of the lower teeth. Lips stretched.

Example: Cup English is not so deep as Russian [y]. The language is delayed further than when. Behind the lowered tongue of the tongue remains a significant space. High rise tongue. The mouth is not wide. The lips are very rounded, but little is pronounced.

Example: Moon [v] Language is not so far as for. But the tip of the tongue to the lower teeth also remains a significant space. High rise tongue. The lips are noticeably rounded, but almost not put forward forward.

Example: Look [:] There is no such sound in Russian. Language is raised, but the back is flat. The tip of the language is omitted. The corners of the tense lips are stretched. Teeth are slightly visible. The mouth is narrow.

Example: Earn [: n] [@] This vowel is called neutral. It is heard only in an unstressed position. It has a different timbre, depending on the position in the word.

Sometimes it can fall out:

- In the final position close to: Drama

- in other positions reminds [@]: perform

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[A:] ,,, [:): L "redi] ,,,,, lf :): t], [:) :)] ,,,,, [" hlzb.-shd] ["TZ: n;: j], ["lz: k;: j], [" sst;: j], [FLDR;: jn] ["VIL;: J], [blu:], [" bju: T1BL], [~ NDRU:], translate and read out loud.

Small (size), beautiful, red, black, green, blue, high (about man), low, large (numerous), already, too, all, very much.

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Difthong consists of two vowel elements, but pronounced with one stress and forms one syllable.

British difthongs have an emphasis on the first vowel, the WTO swarm is weaker and less clearly. According to the longitude of the Dyfthong of Ra Wires to a long vowel.

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Read the speigned.

Not Zealously Sough To Sell The Snake to the Zoo.

This is and Thick Stick. ["O1S IZ;)" 81K "ST1K]

1.11. Experience There IS (there is a university) and there are (there, it is also available.) In different forms (due, interval, negative). These turns are very often found in English. They should be remembered immediately.

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1.3. Closing the transcription, read examples out loud.

Read the speakers of the words horizontally. Pay wine on the alternation of vowels.

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In this lesson you will learn how to make a business card.

Read out loud using transcription, samples up to 2.1.

covers and words needed to fill them.

The visiting card uses the following notation:

a) Addresses:

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Phd Doctor of Philosophy ["Dukt;: V" FR "LUS;: FR] Doctor of Philosophy DSC DOCTOR OF SCIENCE [" DUKT; :;: V "SAR;: NS] Doctor of natural or accurate sciences LITD DOCTOR OF LETTSERS [ "DUKT; :: V" Let;: z] Doctor of Philological Sciences Registration of the address in English does not coincide with the form to which accustomed to Russia.

Compare:

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When writing Russian names and names, use the rules of transliteration. Transliteration is a substience of the letters of the Russian alphabet to the corresponding letters or combinations of the English alphabet letters.

Table matching letters is:

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Read words, considering the type of syllable or the position of the voice 3.

in badge.

Cat, Week, Term, Plan, Weak, Plane, Hate, Wet, West, East, Card, Play, Not, Spain, Her, Gulf, Part, Jump, Team, Tune, Herd, Eat, Yard, Bum, Hair, Hare, Seeem, Nor, Pure, North, Stream, Hop, Here, Serve, Loss, Sphere, Went, Share, Dune, Hut, Fair, Mend, Disk, Nice, Cry, Tone, Note, Early, Sing, Sun, Fire, Skirt, Use, Cord, Forge, Gentle, Dress, Meet, Eam, Hurt, Simple, Single, Since, Cure, Pearl, Dure, Shirt.

Write the data above the words in transcription.

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In the previous lesson it was said that reading vowels is mainly determined by the type of syllable. However, in combination with some, vowels can read in a special way. The table shows the most commonly encountered similar combinations.

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Read the conversational expressions containing the Reduchi 3.1.

forms of words. (In brackets italics is given a complete form, which in conversational speech is reduced.)

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To confidently apply to practice with English nouns, you need to know well:

consumption with noun artity;

1) the formation of a plural number of nouns;

3) Pretty extensive case.

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Undine Article:

derived from numeral one and denotes one, some, any;

Indicates that the subject belongs to the class of homogeneous objects and is not allocated from their number:

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Friendship IS Based On Friendship is based on a mutual YBMUTUAL RESPECT. Groom.

Snow white.

In front of noun, already having other identifiers (pronoun, numeral, etc.):

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In some cases, a certain article is used with their own names.

These include:

Ocean names, seas, rivers, canals, group of islands, mountain chains, deserts:

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Possessive:

It is used mainly with animated nouns and expresses affiliation;

Corresponds to the Russian Parental Padel (when he is growing belonging): the book (whose? Who?) Student (genitive case) is formed by adding to the noun apostrophe and

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Note 2. Suceeds such as Earth, Water, Sun, Top, WORLD, OCEAN, SHIP can be used with the apostrophe; Nouns, denoting cities and countries: The Ocean "S Resources, The World" S Popularity, The Ship "S Crew, London" S Population; Sometimes the names of the parts of the machines: The Plane "s Propeller, as well as nouns, denoting time and distance: a Tile" s distance, and Day "s joumey (but also Four-Day Joumey), and year" s absence, and tonh " s Zeave. It is not believed here, but a measure.

If a belonging is expressed immediately to several creatures, the apostrophe is put at the end of the group:

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to Tiy - TriED - Tried

3. If an indefinite form ends on-, then with the adding suffix -ed this letter drops:

to Translate - Translated - Translated

With the submission of suffix -ed double the ultimate consonant:

At single verbs ending with one consonant:

to Stop - Stopped - Stopped

Serving verbs ending with one consonant

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contain in reference books and dictionaries. They need to know the wrong, since there are many of these verbs in the texts of the following lessons, but they are not given in the boring dictionary.

Hindering verbs In the present time, except for the three main forms, you need to know the leasing verbs in the present time.

In the present time, the verbs (as correct and not correct) behave as follows:

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CONTROL QUESTIONS

1. What are the basic rules for the use of articles?

2. How is the multiple number of nouns formed?

Why serves and how to make a possessive case of nouns?

4. How are the main forms of verb?

How does the verb change in the present time?

How are the temporary forms of verb? What do they mean?

Reading Practice.

Learning Foreign Languages \u200b\u200bLT "S Good to Leam Foreign Languages! IT Helps US to Explore the WOR1D.

We Leam More About Different Countries and Their Traditions, and We Can Communicate with People Who Don "T Know Your Native Language.

Learning Foreign Languages \u200b\u200bHelps US to Become Good Specialists. One Can Read Different Texts About Physics, Engineering, Economy That Tell About The Latest Results In These Fields.

Let "S Listep to Different Students:

Hello! MU NAME IS MIKE! I "M 17. 1 am A Student of the College of Electronic Devices. I" m fond of English. IT "S The Language No 1 In The Lntemet and in High Technologies. 1 Like Reading and Watching Shms in English Too! IT" S Fantastic!

Hi! I "M Jane! I" M 18. I "M and Student of A College of Mechanical EngiPeeriPg.

1 Like to Study English! IT "S INTERESTING TO LISTEN TO MUSIC IN ENGLISH AND TO FMD FRIENDS VIA THE INTEMET. 1 WANT TOEL THEM ABOUT MY COUNTRY AND MY TOWN AND FOR TBLS I MUST KNOW THE LANGUAGE WELL. AND ON EVERY PRODUCT IN THE SUPERMARKET YOU SEE INFORMATION IN English. SO I Need It In My Future Work, Tooo.

Hello! I "M Peter! I Study at and College. I Need English Very Much Because Our College Has Intemational Cooperation with Students from Canada and Denmark, So I Study Very Hard to Take Part in the Program.

These Students Know Thank Is Useful for Them. HOWEVER, IT IS NOT SO EASY TO STUDY IT. But, AS English People Say, "Well Begun Is Half Done".

SO, Let "S not O. Discoured.

Active vocabulary because [bi "ktz] Because Latest Last Become becoming like ADJ Similar, V Liu Begin [L L L L L L L L L L L L LISTEN Start Beach Communicate Listen Listen More More Chat Denmark [" Denma: K] Denmark Native [NERTIV] Native Language) Device device Need need OUR ["AU ~] Our discourage Wright Part Part P ~ tob, Raskol ~

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2. Find in the first two paragraphs of the text a certain and not defined article and explain their use.

Which article you would use with the allocated words, 3.

translated into English the following suggestions?

On the street was a man. Suddenly he saw a beautiful suit for the showcase and stopped. He really liked the costume. He decided to go to the store and learn its price.

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1. Distribute nouns for three columns depending on the reading of the multiple number.

Parents, Days, Shops, Clothes, Houses, Markets, Sizes, Bridges.

Put nouns in a plural.

a) Branch, Fox, Day, Apple, Head, Hait, Nationality, Sumame, Street, Garden, Car, Ball;

B) Tooth, Mouse, Oh, Datum, Radius, Child, Man.

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Verb forms (Forms of the Verb)

Specify the missing forms of verb:

a) Travel, Translated, Stayed, TriED, Stopped, Cook, Worked

B) DID, TOLD, GIVE, BEEN, DONE, SAY, READ Write the transcription of these forms of incorrect Voice 2.

fishing and give infinitive. Check yourself in the dictionary.

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we manage to use.

Mu / Sister / Coffee 1 to Drink 1 Every Day.

The Teacher / This / Question / To Answer / Yesterday.

Yury Dolgoruky 1 in / to Found 1 Moscow / 1147.

1 / Listen / Tomorrow / to the Radio.

The English Language / Always / to Help / People / In / Cooperation / Intemational.

Vocabulary Exercises

Language, People, Listen, Like, Need, Explore, World, More, Communicate, Native, Become, Engineering, Latest, Device, High, Reading, Watch, Via, Town, Because, Our, Denmark, Hard, Part, Useful, However, Begin, Half, Discourage.

a Place with Many Houses, Shops, Schools, Offices and Other 1) Buildings and Country in Europe with the Capital Copenhagen 2)

3) OUR Planet Wort All Its Countries Words Used in a Particular Country or B and PARTICULAR GROUP OF 4) PEOPLE

5) To Look for Some Time

6) Of The Country (Place) WHERE You OVERE BOM

7) Men, Women and Children

a) from the active vocabulary:

College, Language, People, Student, Internet, World, Country, Specials Leaf, Technology, Interesting, Supermarket, Denmark, Program.

b) from the text:

Listen, love, need, explore, communicate, become smiling, start, device, part, half, more, the last, you are silent, because our, difficult, useful, however.

1. Russian is that _language. And FRENCH IS A _Language for those.

2. WHERE DOES Your UNC1E Live? - Not lives in k1otn. - 1 Like this _VeryTuch.

3. Do you like to _ _ filts or _ _ to tusic? - You know, 1 Like to Books.

4. 1 Know that it "s difficu1t to study english. But It DOESN" T _ _.

5. OUR TEXTBOOK HAS 5 _ _. P1EASE Find 2.

1. We Leam Tore _ Different Countries and Their Traditions, and WE CAN Communicate _ People Who Don "T Know Your Native Language.

2. Texts Tell US The Latest Results These FIE1DS.

3. LT "S INTERESTING TO LISTEN TUSIC _ENGLISH AND TO FIND FRIENDS _THE LNTEMET.

4. _Every Product _The Supermarket You Can Find Information _ English.

5. Our College Has Intemational Cooperation _ Students _ Canada and Detark.

Hello! Me calling me! I'm 17 years old. I am a student car construction college.

I really like to learn English:

this is the language of the mehschpar-requested cooperation and high technol.

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Answer The Following Questions.

1. WHEN DID YOU BEGIN TO STUDY ENGLISH?

2. Why do you study english?

3. Do You Need English in Your Everyday Life?

4. Do You Have Rubber Books AT?

5. How to put Foreign Languages \u200b\u200bDo You Want To Leam?

Writing Exercise.

Write An Essay On The Following Topics.

1. Why People Leam Foreign Languages.

2. Mu English Classes.

3. English in Tu Life.

Use The Following Pattems:

Sequencing Firstly (first of all) - first, first of all secondly, third, second, third, then first, then to My Mind, in My Opinion - in my opinion to Crown IT All, Finally - At the end, in the end

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Adchaim is called part of speech, denoting time, place, image of action, measure or degree.

Naschaiy answer questions:

when? Where? as? To what extent?

In the form of adverbs divide on simple, derivatives, complex and composite.

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We Sometimes Go There. ~ Sometimes We Go Thatr. Sometimes we go there.

We Go There Sometimes.

In complex verb times (i.e.

pronounced two and more verbs) adverbs of an indefinite time are usually put on the first verb following:

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The verb to Let can be used in its main value to allow you to resolve. Then the offer of LET IS RDED! Will MAY EACH: Allow us to read! In this case, the pronouns of the US on the rays the emphasis.

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In English, you can allocate five types of questions:

general (you go there?);

Special (when, why, like the like. Do you go there?);

To subject to (who, what student, etc. walks there?);

Alternative (you go there or stay at home?);

Dividing (you go there, right?).

To properly ask questions of any types, you need to clearly imagine a scheme of common issues in all types of times. At the same time, it is possible to repel from the residency in the lesson 6 of the scheme approved proposals. You will easily notice that in most cases the EBAs subject to and the failed only change in places. The new element is added only in the first two rows of the general scheme: in times of Sitple Present and SITPLE PAST. Here in the formation of the question to do to do in the corresponding auxiliary verb form.

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Knowing the education scheme of general issues, ask a special issue will not be difficult. You just need to put a question in front of a problem (what? Where? When? Etc.) or a group of words, and then everything is in the same way.

Compare:

General question Special question

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In such a question, the role of the question itself is fulfilled by the very question or a group of words (who arrived? What students are needed here? Etc.). As a result, the direct order of words is preserved, that is, for the leakable. In the question, you can also use the formation scheme of general issues, given the following: the SITPLE group does not use the Auxiliary verb Auxiliary, and since the first to do, stele, the question to the SITPLE and SITPLE PRESENT PAST is as follows. Proposals.

Compare:

Affirmative offer to the issue

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The dividing question consists of two parts. The first part in milk as such is not, but represents the usual affirmative or negative proposal. Following him there is a brief general question.

If the first part was affirmative, the question is set in negative form, and on the contrary:

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All denials are easily formed by the same scheme of general issues. It is enough just to put at the beginning of the proposal to be subject to, and after the first auxiliary verb - negative part

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Not Did Pot See Them.

Nobody Saw Them.

Not Has Fever Says APYTHIPG LIKE THAT.

They Did Pot Tell Him The Truth.

Nobody Told Him APYTHIPG.

Not does PT KPOW APYTHIPG ABOUT IT.

Not kpows pothipg about it.

Have you any news? - 1 have on news.

Please note that a Russian question offer in negative form corresponds to an English question that does not contain denial.

Compare:

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Big, Expensive, Beautiful, Happy, Pleasant.

Write the degrees of comparing these adjectives.

sAD, FAT, O1D, HANDSOME, EAR1Y, INTERESTING, COMMUNICATIVE.

Parru, big, to which discharge include adjectives that are not MO 4.

gut to form comparison degrees? Give examples.

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1. HIS UNC1E SPEAKS (Kind1y) Than My Aunt.

3. NOT SAID THET WORDS (SADLY) THAN BEFORE.

1. TRY TO EXP1AIN THIS RU1E (C1EAR).

2. This Work Is Done (Bad1y).

3. NOT SO1VED THIS PROOLEM (Wisely).

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Imagine that you are in the workshop. Specify where each items are located. Translate words into Russian.

Tools: Hammer, Screwdriver, Key, Nails, Nuts ...

Places: TALE, Floor, Wall ...

Lady ignition (THE LTperative Mood) Find the verbs in the proposals of 1.

rest. Translate into Russian.

1. "Write Down Your Homework Quickly and You may be free!", Said The Teacher.

2. "Study Well to Become Good Specialists", Said The Headmaster to the School-Leavers.

3. "DON" T Play In The Street! IT "S Dangerous!", Said Mother To Her Children.

4. "Open The Bohr! IT" S and Pleasant Surprise for You! Narra LIRTHDAY! ", SAID THE YOU TO TO HIS FATHER.

5. "Tell those Your Name", Said The Director to the Young Worker.

Specify, in which texts are more commonly found 2.

mood.

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Translate into English.

1. "Open the notebook and write down the rule," said the teacher.

2. Look at the photo! It is so beautiful.

3. Please come to me, please, a new song on the Internet.

4. Look out the window! Winter has come!

Question supply (THE IPTERROGATIVE SEPTEPS) Set all types of questions to these proposals.

1. Yesterday He Met His Friend in the Street.

2. The Lesson of English is Over.

3. The Students Don "T Study On Sunday.

Ask questions to dedicated words in sentences.

1. This Textbook Is for Technical Students.

2. OUR TEACHER "S NAME IS ANNA PAVLOVNA.

3. Your Dictionary Is Green.

4. NOT CAN PLAY THE GUITAR VERY WELL.

3. Work in pairs. One of you carefully considers the class, then closes my eyes and answers the neighbor's questions.

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1. Not DID NOT See Them.

2. No Does Not Sing These Songs.

3. 1 am Not Late.

2. Give a brief affirmative and negative response to the following suggestions.

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Vocabulary Exercises

1. Study The Active Vocabulary. Translate The FollowiPG Words and Phrases from English Into Russian.

Teacher, Sister, Think, Now, Other, Together, Each, Quite, Plant, Serious, Usually, Year, Senior, Want, Sometimes, During, Weekend, Try, River, Thing, Guitar, Also, Since, PRONOUNCE, TERM, Grammar, Knowledge, EsceciLy, Finally, Everything.

2. Guess The Word The Explanation of Its Meaning.

1) Someone WHO Teaches People

2) The Rules for Using the Words of the Language A Musical Instrument Played Lang Plucking Its Strings 3) 4) 12 Monhs

5) With One More Person or Thing

7) Saturday and Sunday

3. Give English Equivalents for the Following Words.

Sister, plant, river, thing, semester, knowledge, trying to think, pronounce, want, now, a friend, everyone is enough, serious, usually, the eldest, during, also since, especially, in the end , everything.

1. 1 Live vladimir.

2. WE ALREADY KNOW _ _ QUITE WELL.

3. Mother IS and Teacher _geography _school.

MU SISTER AND 1 HELP HER _THE HOUSE.

She Wants To Sea and Teacher 5. Mathematics.

6. DURING THE WEEKENDS WE TRY _ SPEND MUCH TIME TOGETHER. We Go _The River _Summer, or We Go Skiing _winter.

7. 1 STUDY ENGLISH _2004.

8. But 1 Hold _and Say _MYSELF: "DON" T GIVE _! "

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Communion 1 corresponds to also verbalism in Russian.

Participle 11 (Communion 11) The correct verbs are formed by adding to the basis of suffix -ed (it was already mentioned in the section Basic forms of verb lesson 6).

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The participle 11 form of incorrect verbs should be memorized (about this and the value of Participle 11 transitional and non-surgery verbs also mentioned in the section "Basic forms of verb").

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Not Suggested Going to See Mike.

THEY COULDN "T HELP LAUGBLNG WHEN THEY SAW HIS SURPRISE.

1 Enjoyed Playing Golf WHEN 1 WAS IN BRITAIN.

That Master English, You Must Practice Speaking It and Lot.

lF You Want To Leave This Job, You Can "T Avoid Speaking to Him.

After the verbs that indicate the beginning, the continuation and end of the action (Begin, Start Continue, Finish, Stop, Epah), as well as the verbs of the HATE, LIKE, LOVE can be used either infinitives or gerundy:

Not Began to Play The Piano. Not Began Playing The Piano.

THEY LIKE TO MOCK AT EACH OTHER. THEY LIKE MOCKING AT EACH OTHER.

Please note that in some cases the choice of infinitive or gerundia affects the meaning of the sentence:

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CONTROL QUESTIONS

As participle 1 and participle Il 1 are formed.

What forms has an English communion?

How is the gerundium formed? What is its main value?

What forms has a gerundium?

How are uncertain personal suggestions formed?

What is the difference between the pronouns and the role of One They, 6.

subject to uncertain and personal suggestions?

How are impersonal suggestions formed?

Reading Practice.

Weather in The Moming I Looked out of the Window and Was Very Surprised.

Everything Was Covered WITH SNOW! Snowy Flakes Were Falling From The Sky, Everything Was Pleasant and Beautiful! IT WAS NOT FROSTY, AND CHILDREN WERE SKATING AND MAKING SNOWMEN.

But Look! The Wind Has Risen! Snow is Falling from the roofs to the ground. Small Icicles Are Falling Too. That "S and Real Lizzard. IT" S Not The Best Time for Going Out.

The Russians Say "The First Snow Always Melts". And I Know Than After Some Months Winter Will Over Over, The Trees Will O. in Blossom and Building Their Nests. This Is Spring, The Time When All The Nature Awakes from Its Winter Sleep.

Then Summer Will Come - And Long Period of Sunshine and Time of Holidays for SchoolChildren and Students. WE CAN GO Swimming, Diving or Mountainering. IT "S Great to Go Cycling or Hiking. We Mustn" T Forget to Take Photos: Thes Will Remind US of these Exciting Days.

Time Flies and Autumn Comes. This Is The Beginning Of A NEW Year of Studies. This is The Beginning Of Harvest for Countrymen and for Me It "

Dialogue English Weather

Russian: "What" Sue Weather Like in England? "Englishman:" Today it "s Raining and IT" S Very Foggy, as usual. You See There Is No Hot Summer, And There Is No Cold and Snowy Winter. "" Really? Why is it? "" You See, Britain Is Near the Ocean, And Theater There Changes Its Temperature Slower The Ground, It Has Greater Thermal Heat Capacity.

That "S Why The Changes Are Not So Great." "Do You Like WHEN IT RAINS?" "WHEN I WAS A CHILD, I LIKED IT! NOW I SIMPLY DON" T NOTICE IT. I CAN WALK WALK ANY UMBELLA WHEN IT "S DRIZZLING AND I NEVER CATCH A COLD." "Do You Have Central Heating At Home?" "Yes, I Have and Radiator, But i don" T Have Central Heating Yet. The Weather In The World Becomes More and More Unusual. That "S Why I Must Think About It." "That" s a good idea. And Are there Any Beaches in England? "" Yes, There Are, Mostly On The South Coast, But The Water ISN "T Really Warm. You" d Better Go to Spain. Many EnglishMen Do it. IT "S NOT SO FAR, But The Weather Is Completely Different." "Sure, I Will Do So." Active Vocabulary After ["A: FTE] After Melt Tying Always [";,: lwerz] Always Mon Month Any ["Eru] Any Mostly [" MEUSTLR] Mountain Mountainering Beach Beach LPRD [YAZ: D] Bird Mountaineering

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dRIZZLE ["DNZL] and drizzle (about rain) schoolboy, PL SchoolChildren English [" RL) GLEND] England Simply ["srmpli] just Englishman [" RL) GLRFMEN] British ~ H Skating ["Skertrl)] Exciting Skating Skating

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Vocabulary Exercises

1. Study The Active Vocabulary. TranSlate The Following Words and Phrases from English Into Russian.

Weather, Snow, Afterter, Period, Roof, Central Heating, Any, Snowy, Ground, Icicle, Condition, Place, Where, Car, Warm, Remove, Ice, Near, England, Cold, Really, Water, Change, Look, Window , Surprise, Cover, Flakes, Sky, Pleasant, Frosty, Snowman, Wind, Real, Blizzard, Always, Melt, Month, Over, Tree, Blossom, BRD, Nest, Sunshine, Holiday, Schoolchild, Photo, Remind, Exciting , Harvest, Countryman, New, Foggy, Usual, Ocean, Temperature, Slow, Thermal Heat Capacity, Child, Like, Simply, Notice, Walk, Walk, Umbrella, Catch, Radiator, Unusual, Idea, Beach, Mostly, South, Coast , Englishman, Far, Completely, SO.

2. Guess The Word The Explanation of Its Meaning.

1) One of the Twelve Parts INTO Which The Year Is Divided A Great Snowstorm 2) And Child Who Goes to School 3) An Opening In A Wall to Let In Light and Air 4)

5) To Help or Make Somebody Remember Something and Device That Gives Out Heat 6) · And Piece Of Ice Hanging From The Roof 7) Indication of How Hot or Cold and Person or Thing IS 8)

9) Something Which Happensiss OR ALL THE TIME AREA OFWATER BIGGER THAN THE SEA 10)

3. Give English Equivalents for the Following Words.

Weather, bird, walk, without, umbrella, catch, unusual, idea, beach, mainly south, shore, Englishman, far, completely, condition, place, just, see where, car, warm, remove, ice, near, England, cold, in fact, water, change, central heating, any, snowy, earth, period, roof, look, nice, frosty, snowman, wind, real, always, melting, more, tree, greens, Surprise, cover, flakes, sky, harvest, rural, new, foggy, slow, heat capacity, child, similar, nest, then, sunny, light, holiday, photo, delicious, snow.

4. INSERT PRESITIONS OR ADVERBS.

1. LN THE MOMING 1 LOOKED _ _ THE WINDOW AND WAS VERY SURPRISED.

2. Everything WAS Covered _Snow! Snowy Flakes Were Falling _The Sky!

3. LT "S Not The Best Time _Going Out.

some Monchs Winter Will Over.

4. AND 1 KNOW THAT

5. Summer IS and Long Period _sunshine.

6. PHOTOS WILL REMIND US _TheSE Exciting Days.

7. Britain Is _ The Ocean, And Theater There Changes Its Temperature Slower Than The Ground.

8. 1 CAN WALK _ANY UMBELLA WHEN IT "S DRIZZLING.

9. The Weather The World Becomes More and More Unusual.

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The pronouns are words that indicate objects and their signs, but do not designate them.

The main pronouns are easier to remember on the following scheme:

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Forms TU, HIS, HER, etc. are used in conjunction with OPRA 2.

delated word.Forms Tine, His, Hers, etc. Ca is smart, that is, without the following noun:

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3. In modern English, I have no pronouns. In the scope to one person and to many persons it is used by the pronounty you, which is translated as you or you, depending on the context.

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in this case, in this case, another noun follows them with the pretext of. Thousands of Students 1earn English.

Nouns that follow numerical, are used without preposition: Three Thousand Students.

Sequence numbers are used with certain art cells, even if the noun is not expressed defined by them,

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In English, with the designation of pages, dype, etc., quantitative numerals are usually used, and not ordinary, as in Russian.

The quantitative numerical in this case is placed after the noun, and the noun is used without article:

Open Your Books Atpage 10.

Read Lesson One, Part Two, Paragraph 3.

Years in dates are referred to by 1xpassed numerical.

When reading a four-digit digit of the CDs 11tholates into two words and each half read as a separate "iISJ:

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It should be noted that the same pretext in English can serve to express several values \u200b\u200band is translated into Russian, respectively, NO-different.

Such combinations of gods offer with nouns in the future, apply to the whole:

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Other common prepositions:

wITH- WITHOUT- without bube, about, with; To (a certain time), also indicates the author, means, reason, source (and novel and tolstoy-novel Tolstoy, B by train, b e experience - by experience, etc.).

train For- for.

In English, many verbs are combined with certain pretexts. They often do not correspond to pretexts in Russian, and they need to memorize.

For example:

To Iook AT to look at

To hope for hope

Some English verbs do not require prepositions, although in Russian when they are translated, a preposition is required:

to AnSwer - Answer on To Enter - to enter therefore, in the future, pay attention not only to the verb, but also on what prepositions are used with it.

CONTROL QUESTIONS

1. List personal, assigning, return and amplifying money.

2. How is the pronoun two forms of attracted position IT, estates and form of a 2nd person?

How is quantitative and ordinal numbers formed?

What signs are used when writing numerical?

How are simple and decimal fractions formed?

6. As in the rooms (pages, houses, etc.) and dates are used here and quantitative numerals?

7. Name the most common prepositions of the place and time; We indicate what basic value they express.

What do you know about the deposit of verbs with pretexts? 8.

Reading Practice.

MyDay Yesterday IT Was and Very Hard Day for Dima Yaroslavtsev. NOT STOOD UP TOO LATE AND DIDN "T HAVE HIS BREAKFAST. Not Went to College and Remembered That He Had \\ Eft His Pencil-Case At Home. Besides, He Said Some Unpleasant Words to His Friends and The Iatter Was Offnded.

"Misfortunes Never Sota Alone," Thought Andrew When He Came Home, "The Day Was Spoiled." Not decided to take from his father.

Today Dima "S Father, Sergey Yassilievich Got Up at A Quarter To Seven, Did His Bed. Then He Washed Himself, Brushed His Teeth, Dressed, and Packed His Suitcase for Work." Have You Brushed Your Teeth? ", He Asked His SON "YES, 1 HAVE DONE IT. I "M ALSO READY. Let" S Go and Have Breakfast. "

The Day Was Very Good for Dima. Not Was In College On Time and He Was Ready To AnSwer Any Question The Teacher Asked.

Today He Had The Classes of Mathematics, Russian, English, and Physics. IT Was Very Difficult to Study Because There Were Many New Things. But The Textbooks Were Good, And The Tasks Were Clear. His Group Mate LGOR DIDN "T Study Maths Well At School, So He Didn" T Understand The New Material.

But The Teacher Patiently EXPLAINED, AND EVERYBODY Understood The Task.

After Classies The Students Went to Different Hobby Groups. Dima Is Fond of Computers, SO HE WENT TO A PROGRAMMING CLUB.

There Are Ten Students In The Club Besides Him. Today The Topic Was CYC \\ ES. At home Dima Rewrote One of the Programs and Inserted and Cycle There. The Program Began To Work Better.

MTER THE CLUB DIMA WENT HOME AND HAD DINNER. All The Family Were Together, Except Father, Who Was Still AT The Plant. The Discussed the events of the day.

MTER DINNER DIMA HAD A REST, DID BLS HOMEWORK, READ A BOOKS FROM THE COLLEGE LIBRARY. Then His College Friends Phoned Him and Called Him for Walk.

WHEN HE CAME Back He Had Supper, Got Ready for the next day and went to bed.

This Time He Was Satisfied with His Day and Decided to Plan It Carefully in the Future.

VOCABULAGY ACTIVE AJONE (;: j "\\ ;: jull] One pack 1p..ek l Packaging Answer [" A: NS;: J] Pencil-Case response ["Pensl Kers] ASK Case Ask QUAGTCG L" KW: XT; : ~] Quarter (with besides, besides the cost of time) Breakfast [kf;: jst] Breakfast GEADOU L "RCTLLRL Ready Brush Clean the GEMIMB 1P" RLSME;: ~ 1 Remember Class lesson, lesson; class 7RI: "R: YUT 1 p. i. From Gwgite Clear ADJ clear, understandable; satisfy and clean

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Thranslate 1. The Following Phrases Into Russian.

A Quarter to Seven, Five O "Clock, Half Past Eight, One A.M., Twenty To Quarter Past Six, Five Past Eleven, Ten Thirty P.m.

2. TELL THE TIME IN ENGLISH.

10:03, 2:59, 10:00, 15:25, 3:06, 4:15, 8:45, 11:55, 16:20

3. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTISS.

1. WHEN DO YOU USUALLY GET UP?

2. WHEN DO THE 1ESSONS AT COLLEGE START?

3. WHEN DO YOU HAVE LUNCH?

4. WHEN DO YOU SIDE HOME AFTER CLASSES?

5. WHEN DO YOU START DOING YOUR HOMEWORK?

6. WHEN DO YOU GO TO BED?

TranSlate 4. The Following Phrases Into ENGLISH.

Half of the ninth, without fifteen six, two hours in the morning, he fet to lean out of eighth, twenty minutes eleventh, or two minutes.

ЕЕ5. What Time Is IT Now? Will the Lesson Over?

Active Vocabulary.

1. Study The Active Vocabulary. TranSlate The Following Words and Phrases from English Into Russian.

Today, Ready, Club, Up, Besides, Decide, Brush, Tooth, Ask, Class, Dinner, Yesterday, Breakfast, Remember, Pencil-Case, Say, Word, Latter, Offnd, Alone, Spoil, Quarter, Wash, Pack, Suitcase, Answer, Philosophy, DiffiCult, Textbook, Task, Clear, Maths, Material, Explain, Hobby, Rewrite, Insert, Except, Who, Still, Discuss, Event, Supper, Satisfied, Future.

2. Guess The Word The Explanation of Its Meaning.

2) The First Meal of the Day and Book That Teaches Somebody About A 3) Subject

5) to Write Once Again

3. Give English Equivalents for the Following Words.

Today, the club, up, besides, decide, brush, tooth, ask, class, lunch, yesterday, remember, penalty, say, word, last, abyst, one, spoil, quarter, wash, pack, answer, philosophy , task, mathematics, explain, hobby, except to discuss, dinner, future.

4. INSERT PREPOSITIONS OR POST-VERBAL ADVERBS.

1. Yesterday IT WAS and Very Hard Day _dima Yaroslavtsev.

2. NOT WENT _COLLEGE AND REMEMBERED THAT HE HAD LEFT HIS PENCIL-CASE HOME.

4. Today Dima "S Father, Sergey Vassilievich Got _ _ A Quarter _ Seven, Did His Bed, Washed Himself, Brushed His Teeth, Dressed, and Packed His Suitcase _Work.

5. Not WAS _College _Time and He Was Ready to Answer Any Question The Teacher Asked.

6. Igor Didn "T Study Maths WELL _school.

7. Dima Is Fond _Computers, SO HE Went _A Programming Club.

8. THERE ARE TEN STUDENTS THE CILJB HIM.

9. His College Friends Phoned Him and Called Him _A Walk.

10. This Time He Was Satisfied _his Day and Decided to Plan It Carefully _The Future.

Speaking Exercises

1. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTISS.

1. Do You Like To Get Up Early In The Morning?

2. Do you Have Time to Take Breakfast Before Lessons?

3. Do You Have Much Free Time?

1. Does Planning Your Day Help to Solve All the ProIlems?

2. What makes every day of your life inteceptory?

3. FREE TIME SPENT TOGETHER WITH THE FARNILY- YOUR EXPERIENCE.

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In the past, the lesson is considered personal, strongest and road pronoun. Here are the diversity of the pronouncements, which are also often found in English.

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CONTROL QUESTIONS

What index pronouns exist in English?

How do they relate to Russian index pronouns?

What questions and relative pronouns exist in An 3.

glian language? What does the name of this group of pronoun say?

4. List indefinite and negative pronouns.

5. In which types of proposals are used by the pronoun, Anybody, Anything, Nobody, Nothing?

Reading Practice.

Friends FriepdShip Meaps Very Much Your Litc. You Realize It Fully Whep You Think How Youa Sap Live Worthout Wash F "Ricpds. Lp Mapa Cases IT" S Unimagiple. That "S Why The Epglisi1111CJ1 Say," A F "RIEPD PEAD IS FRIEPD IPDEED".

borderlip Between FRIEPDS APD AcquaintApses Is Differept Pipe The Russia PE APD Epglish Culture: Russia's OFTEP Say T11at Close Friepds Are Pt PoMerous. You have the Ope to Trow True FRIEPDS WHOM YOU SAP COPFIDE IP APD SHARE ALL YUR TROULES. All The Others Are Just Those with Whom You SAP SPEPD FREE TIME OR DISCUSS RECEPT POWS APD Popular Films.

Whereas EpglishMep Think That Aphobe with Whom You Are Oppoo Good Terms is You Friepd. Americap VIEW OP FRIEPDSHIP IS EVEP more exaggerated.

But, As You Know, "SO MAAP COUPTRIES, SO MAAP CUSTOMS". Evep Friepdship Is Differept Ip DifferEpt Coupries ...

As for Me, All My Friepds APD ACQUAIPTAPCES Sap O. Subdivided Ipto Three Differept Groups. Firstly, There Are Those WHOM 1 Know for and Very Long Time, Sometimes Evep Before School. Those FRIEPDS Are Pot Mapa, But My Best Friepd AMONG Them. SECAPDLY, THERE ARE MY SCHOOL FRIEPDS. WE WERE TOGETHER FOR SO MAAPE YEARS THAT WE HAVE VERY MUCH COMMOOP IP. This Fact Upites US. And Lastly, There Are My College FRIEPDS. We know Each Other for and Short Time, But Still We Are FRIEPDS, BECAUSE OUR ITSERESS ARE SIMILAR.

For Each PersoP The Classificatoop May Oh Differept. As My Father Served Ip The Army, He Had Tipa Friepds There. They Are From All Parts of Our Coupry! IT IS FRIEPDSHIP THAT MAKES US STROPGER!

1 Would Like to Speak About My Closest FRIEPD. HIS Pame is Sergey. WE Know Each Other Sipce Early Childhood. WE WE WERE BOYS, WE WEPT TO THE COUPTRY TOGETHER, PLAYED TEPPIS, SWAM IP THE RIVER APD HAD FUP. We studied The Same Schoo \\ APD OFTEP HELPED EACH OTHER IP OUR HOMEWORK.

WHEP 1 WAS A TEEPAGER, 1 HAD MAAP PROOLEMS APD QUESTIOPS WITHOUT APSWERS, APD 1 ALWAYS TURNED TO SERGEY FOR HELP. 1 Also Supported HIM WHEP HE PEDED IT.

Now We See Each Other PT SO OFTEP, BECAUSE WE DOUPE "T STUDY TOGETHER.

But We Are Still Very Good Friends, That Will Fever Betray Each Other.

Active Vocabulary.

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Vocabulary Exercises

1. Study The Active Vocabulary. TranSlate The Following Words and Phrases from English Into Russian.

Realize, Unimaginale, Indeed, Borderline, Between, Numerous, Only, True, Confide (in), Share, Troule, Discuss, Recent News, Wheraas, Anyone, Terms, Exaggerate, Custom, Subdivide, Among, Serve In The Army, Betray , Support.

2. Guess The Word The Explanation of Its Meaning.

1) Real or Correct; TELLING WHAT ACTUALLY EXISTS OR HAPPENED

2) to Divide Again Into Smaller Parts

3) to Do Harm WHEN Somebody IS Expecting Your Support

4) to make someething sem bigger or better or worse than it really is

5) to Talk With Somebody ABOUT SOMETHING

3. Give English Equivalents for the Following Words.

Betrayed, even maintaining, trouble, firstly, another, KGO, but, teenager, unimaginable, friendship, familiar, among, strong

4. INSERT THE VOCABULARY OF THE TEXT INTO THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES.

Not IS and Reliale Friend. Not never me.

WHEN JANE SAID THAT THE FILM WAS POPULAR, SHE _A LITTLE.

3. DID YOU DRAW A LOT IN YOUR _?

4. He "S SO Kind, He Always _ME and _his Experience.

5. Have you heard the _news "?

I see you are in troule. Do you nced my _?

7. Is IT A _OFTHIS Nation to Get Up Carly in the Moming?

1. THERE ARE TAPE MISTAKES IN YOUR DICTATION.

2. Doesn't IS Really and Good Friend?

3. Jack Understood That He Was Late for the Lesson.

4. The Last Information about Him Was That He Had Gone to Ltaly.

5. NOT GAVE those HIS Money As I Was In A Difficult Situation.

6. INSERT PRESITIONS OR POST-VERBAL ADVERBS.

1. The Englishmen Say, "And Friend _need IS and Friend Indeed".

2. I CAN Confide _all My Friends.

3. Do You Know Each Other _a Long Time?

4. Went We Were Boys, We Went _The Country Together, Played Tennis, Swam The River and Had Fun.

5. USUALY A PERSON HAS ONLY _ONE _THREE TRUE FRIENDS.

6. Are you _good terms _your cousin?

7. _You Know, The Earth Rotates) Round The Sun.

Thranslate I want to tell you about my friend. His name is Victor. We are komes since school times. As a child, we often walked together, (to the Cinema) went to the movies and swimming.

When I beat a teenager, Vikor was ready to answer any my questions about life. Now we are learning in college and are still the best friends.

Friendship means a lot in my life.

Speaking Exercises

1. Does the Author Think That Friendship Means Very Much in Your Life?

2. What is the Borderline Between Friends and Acquaintances in Russian Culture?

3. WHERE IS THIS BORDERLINE IN ENGLISH CULTURE?

4. How Many GROUPS OF FRIENDS DOES THE AUTHOR DIVIDE?

5. LS THE FLRST GROUP LIGHT?

6. Why Does the Author Have Much in SottoN WITH THE SECOND GROUP OFFRIENDS?

7. What Does the Author Say About His College Friends?

8. Why Does the Author Mention His Father?

9. Howl Long Has The Author Known His Best Friend?

10. Do Sue Each Other Very Often Now?

2. Use these to Retell The Text.

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If the apparent is a conditional proposal relating to the type of unlikely or unfulfilled (see

section Conditional Offers):

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An indirect speech, unlike direct, does not transmit the word speaking themselves, but their content.

In order to properly build a faith with an indirect speech, you need to know three basic cases that occur when the direct speech is translated into the indirect:

message (he said, said, etc., that ...);

The question (he asked, wanted to know, asked, etc. ...);

Request or order (he asked, ordered, ordered, etc. ...).

The transition from direct speech to the indirect is as follows:

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From the point of view of the transfer rules in an indirect speech, all issues can be divided into two groups.

The question is without questioning word: unions are used approximately appropriate parties in Russian.

whether, direct speech: not asked, "do you go there?" ASKED IFTHEY WEPT THERE.

An indirect speech: the direct order of words is not operating here (subject to the prize), as well as the law of coordination of times.

Question with question word: In this case, the role of a connecting element will play the question word itself. Here, there is also a direct order of words and the law of coordination of times.

aSKED, "WHEN DO YOU GO THERE?" Direct Speech: Not Indirect Speech: Not Asked When the Weps There.

3. Request or order Since infinity is used in imperative ignition (an indefinite form of verb), then there is no matching time here.

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In negative form:

Direct Speech: Not Said To Them, "Don" T GO There. "

Indirect speech: not Told them not to go there.

If the time and place specified in direct speech, when moving to an indirect speech, have changed, then the next replacement for spectacles and time, as well as index pronouns, occurs.

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CONTROL QUESTIONS

What is the rule of coordination of times?

What temporary forms are used when negotiating times for 2.

expressions of the simultaneous preceding and future action?

In what cases does the form 3. Past Peifect?

How indirect speech is being built during the transfer of the message, the question, request 4.

would or order?

How does an indirect speech affect the order of words in the rest?

How to change in indirect speech by adveria and time, as well as 6.

indicative pronouns?

7. In what cases does not replace them?

Reading Practice.

Guests There Are Many Holidays During The Year. But Besides National Holidays There Are Family Holidays. If Someone in Your Family Has A BIRTHDAY, A NAME DAY, OR WEDDING ANNIVERSARY, TBLS IS JUST THE TIME WHEN HE RECEIVES Quests and Has and Party to Celebrate This Holiday Together. Your Friends May Invite You on One Of Such Occasions As Well. Going to A Party in Russia Is Associated with Food, Presents, Greeting Cards and Congratulations.

WHEN YOU ARE GOING TO TIME TO TIDY UP THE YUM. IT INCLUDES POLISHING THE FLOORS, VACUUM CLEANING THE CARPETS AND DUSTING THE FUMITURE. FOR SOME OCCASIONS You Need to Decorate The Flat.

Then You Must Think About Inviting Guests. This can be a Done Over the Telephone or bow Invitation Letter. There Are Oter Ways As Well. The Invitation May Oh accepted or refused. (If it's you WHO ARE INVITED, AND YOU WANT TO IT VERY POLITELY AND TACTFULLY.) THE DAY BEFORE THE PARTY IT "S TIME TO GO TO AND SUPERMARKET AND BUY ALL THE PRODUCTS YOU NEED FOR COONING This day you can also start cooking something.

The Next Day Everything Must I Ready And The Party Starts. The Guests Honeycomb, Give Presents to the Time for the MEAL AND ENTERTINMENT!

When the Party Is Over, You Have to Wash The Dishes. But You are not Gloomy, Because You know You Had Had A Great Day!

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letter, guest, tactful, polite.

4. INSERT THE VOCABULARY OF THE TEXT INTO THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES.

1. ANN HAS A _Today. She IS 10 Years Old - IT "S HER _. She Has A_ Today. She _ All Her Friends to This Party. At 5 O" Clock The Guests Soch Society and _her on Her LitchDay.

2. The 9th of Mau IS The National _. In 2010 We Celebrateted the 65th _ of the victory in the Great Patriotic War. 1 _ This Holiday WITH TU GREAT-GRANDFATHER: HE IS A VeTeran.

3. WHEN SOEONE _YOU TO A Party, You can _or _this invitation.

5. Paraphrase The Words in Italic using The Active Vocabulary. Make Other Changes in the Sentence IF Necessary.

The 1st of March for those Means The Beginning OfSpring.

1 INVITED HER TO THE CINEMA, BUT SHE SAID NO.

Going to and Picnic Means and Lot Ofjun.

DID THE TEACHER ADD YOU TO A LIST OF PEPLE WHO GO ON Ancursion 4.

5. MU BROTHER HAS GOOD MANNERS.

6. LNSERT PREPOSITIONS OR POST-VEREAL ADVERBS.

1. There Are TANU HOLIDAYS _THE YEAR.

2. If you have a party, you tiSt Tidy _a though.

3. YOU CAN INVITE QUESTS _The Telephone or _Invitation Letter.

4. The Quests Sothe and Give Presents _The Host.

5. WHEN THE PARTY IS __, YOU WASH UP.

6. The Day _The Party IT "S Time to Go to the Supermarket.

7. Does Anyone _Your Family Have An Anniversary TBLS YEAR?

Thranslate 7. The Following Text Into ENGLISH.

Peter lasted a birthday yesterday. He turned his years. He invited home to his many friends, and they celebrated everything. Some friends could not come and rejected the invitation, but since Petya is polite and tacty, he was not offended (Was not offnded). It was a wonderful day!

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nOT in Russian) The particle is placed after the subject, and in with a shaded form merges with the auxiliary verb (see reductions.

section Questionally and negative offers):

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Some verbs in English may have after themselves and direct addition, and indirect.

For example: to give something (direct addition) to someone (indirect addition):

We gave students to students.

We Gave The Students The Book.

Many of these verbs can form two constructions in a passive: a direct liability (direct addition to the direct addition) and indirect (indirect addition to becomes the indirect):

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CONTROL QUESTIONS

1. How is the passive deposit formed?

How is his questionnaire formed? Based on the residency 2.

blits and Rules Write all temporary shapes.

3. How is his negative form formed? Based on the bridge and the rules also write all temporary forms.

4. How is the leader (or driving force) and the tool, with the power of which are performed?

What is a direct and indirect passive? What verbs can form 5.

to give both these designs?

How the passive is formed with the verbs that require the proposed addition 6.

7. How to translate passive structures with the formal pronomation if they are translated into Russian!

8. What time forms are not used in liabilities and what forms are they replaced?

Reading Practice.

College Mu I Would Like to Tell You Aboljt My CollCGC.

IT IS A FINE TWO-STOREYED BUILDING IN THC CCNTRC OT · THE CITY. IT IS NOT VERY NEW, BUT IT IS NICE AND COMGORTAIE. 1 Study Here Gogh The First Year.

ON THE FIRST FLOOR OF THE BUILDING THERE IS A HALL, A CLOAK-ROOM, and CANTEEN, and Gym and Some Classes. On The Second Floor There Is and Director "S Office, Computer Classies and Iaboratories, and Big Concert Hall, and Library and A Reading-Room. 1 Like IT.

WHEN 1 SIDE TO COLLEGE, 1 WIPE MY FEET, TAKE OFF TU COAT AND GO TO THE CLOAK-ROOM. Afterter That 1 Go to the Tittale Which is Also in the Hall. LT "S GOOD TO COME TO THE CLASSROAT BEFORE THE BELL RINGS.

After and Few Classes 1 Go to the Canteen and Have Breakfast. I don "T Like Our Canteen Very Tuch, That" S Why 1 Take Some Food With Tyselftoo.

Mu Favrourite Subjects at College Are Physics, It and English. During The Breaks 1 Like to Talk With Tu Friends, Read The College Newspaper.

Our College Is Not Only The Place Where We Study, IT "S Also The Place

where We Stay After Classies to Take Part in Clubs. Our College IS Very Green:

there Are Flowers ON EVERY WINDOW-SILL. And IT IS Very Clean Too. WHEN TU FRIENDS, WHO STUDY IN OTHER COLLEGES, SHEE TO THIS PLACE THEY ARE SURPRISED

wHEN THEY SEE THAT EVERYTHING IS IN GREAT ORDER. But 1 "11 Reveal The Secret:

this Is The College But Only The Board of the Students - Because IT "S OUR SECOND MOTHER AND WE TUUS TAKE Saga of IT.

College Life Is Difficult But 1 Know IT "S Rewarding! That" S Why I Know That Torrow 1 "11 Come Here Again!

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Vocabulary Exercises

1. Study The Active Vocabulary. TranSlate The Following Words and Phrases from English Into Russian.

Hall, Canteen, Cloak-Room, Two-Storeys, Comfortale, Gym, Laboratory, Reading-Hall, Time-Taile, Bell, to Ring, and Favourite Subject, and Break, Talk, Newspaper, Stay, Club, Flower, Window SILL, CLEAN, ORDER.

2. Guess The Word The Explanation of Its Meaning.

BA and PLACE WHEER YOU CAN LEAVE COATS AND BAGS WHILE YOU ARE VISITING A 1) Building and List of the Times When School Issons Take Place 2) A PLACE EQUIPPED FOR GYMNASTICS 3) A ROOM EQUIPPED FOR SCIENTFIC WORK 4)

5) Pleasant to use; Free From Worry.

6) Something That Is Studied and Group of People Who Meet Together Because The Same Thing and Short Rest from Work 8)

3. Give English Equivalents for the Following Words.

Two-storey, comfortable, beloved, clean, reading room, one hundred lovy, laboratory, gym, change, object, packed, windowsill, draw up, talk.

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1. Look at the Plan Ofthe Text You "VE Read. The Santensees Are in The Wrong Order. Put them Correctly.

After-Class Activities

And Visit to the Canteen

The GROUP Floor of the College - Favourite Classes at College

Green and Clean College

Entering The College.

THE EXTERIOR OF THE COLLEGE

THE FIRST FLOOR OF THE COLLEGE

Rewarding College Life.

2. WRITE DOWN THE PLAN FROM 1 INTO YOUR EXERCISE-BOOK. Use the Plan to Retell The Text.

3. Use the Plan to Speak About Your Own College. You may Add and Remove Some Items.

4. SPEAK ABOUT THE COLLEGE AS You Want To See It. Is there MUCH TO OI DONE?

5. Discuss The Following ProOms.

1. Do you AGREE THAT COLLEGE IS YOUR SECOND HOME.

2. Places to have and rest in the college.

3. College Laboratories.

6. Make An Excursion Around The College in English for your groupmates. Let Every Person from the Group OE and Guide.

7. Make Up Dialogue on One of the Following Subjects.

1. Two Students Are Discussing What Their Favourite Lesson IS.

2. Two Students Discuss Their Time-Taile and Say What They Don "T Like About It.

3. TWO Students Share Their Impressions about New College Laboratory.

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Infinitives, together with a noun or personal place, can act as a single flax of nations, so-called (Complex Object).

my complex addition to the general formula of such a complete is possible, asking a question, to be conventionally present as follows:

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After the verbs, expressing physical perception: to see, to hear, to feel, to watch, etc. After these verbs, the particle to infeu is not used:

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Along with a complex supplement, it can be used as a complex subject to the subject (THE / EX / EX SIBEct). If it becomes more substantial or pronouncing from a complex supplement, and the proposal passes into the passive deposit, the particle TO ~ even to the infinitive of the heads of perception, after which in a complex addition of particles is always added to the infinitive.

to No:

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The difference between complex additions with an infinitive turnover is that the sacrament in a complex addition is expressed by the process, and infinitives are simply the fact of the action:

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This turn, as a rule, consists of a noun with with a part. Communion can take a different look (passive, perfect, etc., see

section Communion):

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CONTROL QUESTIONS

1. How is the complex addition with infinitive formed?

2. In what cases is it used?

3. When did the particle in a complex supplement with an infinitive not used to it?

4. How are passive structures with infinitive formed?

5. What is the difference between a complex supplement with communion from complex additional infinitive?

6. How is an independent involvement of turnover usually translated into Russian?

7. In which form in it may be a party?

Reading Practice.

Traveling People Travel A Lot Nowadays. The Means of Transport Are Numerous and We Often Have Much Choice.

Many Thousands of Years Ago IT WAS NOT SO. Figst, People Travelled on Foot. IT IS The Oldest and The Most Natural Way of Traveling!

Man Also Feels Well in Water. But of Course, Swimming Is Not Used as a Means of Traveling. Still, Waterways Were Probaly The First "Roads" for Which The Means of Transport Were Invented: Rafts, Boats and Ships. The Ships Then Came Into The Seas, But The Coastline Until The Man Leamt to Navigate Looking AT The Stars.

One of the Greatest Inventions of Mankind Was and Wheel. With the Help of It Appeared Carts, Vans, Carriages, Cars, and Buses. This Invention Was and Breakthrough in the Transport History.

Another Invention Was and Steam Engine. IT WAS The Main Reason of Industrial Revolution In The 19th Century. IT ALSO HELPED TO CREATE TRAINS. Wu The End of The 19th Century and Great Network of Railways Covered Oour Planet.

Then Came The Era Of Planes. Man at Last Conquered The Air - The Dream Which Was Expressed As Far As In The Myths of Ancient Greece Came True! WHEN GYROSCOPE WAS INVENTED FLYING BECAME MUCH SAFER AND QUICKER.

What Are the Main Features of Different Means of Traveling? Traveling BU AIR IS, Of Course, The Quickest and The Most Comfortale, But Sometimes It "S Not The Cheapest, and Safety Control Is Very Tiresome.

Traveling Boo Train Is Good Because You Can See The Countryside and Travel Very Comfortaly. Unlike Airports, Railway Stations Are Often In The Centre of the City. But and Joumey Lot of Time, Especially in Russia, and You are Very close to your fellow-travelers.

Traveling Bus Has More Disadvantages: Buses Are Not As Quick AS Planes and Are Not AS ComfortAle As Many Trains. But If You Travel To the Country, This Is The Best Choice!

Traveling bow Car Is Also and Good Choice, As You May Start at Any Time You Like and Go to Any Place. You are limited Only Bow The Quality Ofthe Road.

SO, Many Ways of Traveling EXIST. PROBALY Some More Will Appear in the Next Decades. Good Luck in Your Choice!

Active Vocabulary AGO [~ G ~ U] TOO ago Exist exist Airport ["E ~ P :: T] Airport Express V. Express GreeCe [" ESF ~ NT GRI: S] Stretch, n. express

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Vocabulary Exercises

1. Study The Active Vocabulary. TranSlate The Following Words and Phrases from English Into Russian.

Traveling, Transport, Choice, Probaly, Main, Century, End, Ago, On Foot, Natural, Feel, Waterway, Until, Navigate, Star, Invention, Mankind, Wheel, History, Steam Engine, Reason, Industrial Revolution, Network, Planet , Era, Conquer, Dream, Express, Gyroscope, Quick, Feature, Safety, Tiresome, Countryside, Comfortale, Passenger, Disadvantage, Quick, Limit, Quality, Exist, Decade.

2. Write Down All Means of Transport From The Text and Word List.

A. WITH THE SURFACES THEY MOVE ON:

sEA - River - Road - Railway - Sky

B. WITH THE PACES THEY STOP:

railway Station - BUS Station - Airport - Port

S. WITH THE PROCESS OF MOVING:

jlying - Sailing - Driving (Going) D. With the Time When They Appeared.

3. Guess The Word The Explanation of Its Meaning.

1) And Device Used in Navigation That Keeps Steady Because Of A Heavy Wheel Spinning Inside IT

2) And Period of Hundred Years

3) Someone Who Travels Bow Public Transport Done In A Short Time 4) And Large Vehicle for Carrying Passengers, Powered Bow Petrol 5)

6) THE PARALLEL METAL LINES THAT TRAVEL ON PLACE WHERE PLANES LAND AND TAKE OFF 7)

8) The Last Part of Something and Period of Ten Years 9)

10) Something Invented

4. Give English Equivalents for the Following Words.

Steam Engine, Washed Revolution, Walking, Waterway, Toving, Summage, Apartment, Decade, Century, Ex Press, Invention, Passenger, Railway Station, Planet, Star, Humanity, Airport, Feel, Main, Network, Trans Port, Fast , quality.

5. INSERT THE VOCABULARY OF THE TEXT INTO THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES.

1) The Healthiest Way of Traveling Is On _.

2) Modem Trains Are Very __, But The Flrst Ones Were Very S1ow.

This Car IS 40 Years Old, But It Still Works Well. IT is of good _.

3) LFYOU WANT TO _ TRAIN, YOU MUST GO TO THE _ _.

5) LN What Century Was The Telephone _?

a) 6 make up your Own Sentences using the active vocabulary.

B) Thranslate Your Sentences Into RUSSIAN. READ THEM ALOUD AND LET Your GROUP MATES TRANSLATE THEM BACK INTO ENGLISH.

7. Write Down All Means of Transport from The Text and From the Word List All Words Which Denote Means of Transport. Divide Them Into Two Groups.

1. Means of Transport Low Which You Travelled AT Least Once.

2. Means of Transport Which You Never Travelled b.

8. GROUP WORK. Each Student Names The Place Where He Was Born.

Other Students Suggest Different Means of Transport to Go There.

Not Chooses The Best Answer.

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Speaking Exercises

1. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS TO THE TEXT.

1. THE MEANS OF TRANSPORT NOWALAYS A GS JSMCROUS, AREN "T THI?

2. What is the most Natural Way of TravclliPG?

3. Were Waterways THC First Roads for Which MCSS OF TRANSPOGT WERE INVITED, ACCORDING TO THE AUTHOR?

4. The Wheel Was One OfThe Greatest Inventions of Mapkind, Wasn "T IT?

What is basigned oph investion?

5. What Was The Main Reason of Industrial Revolution in the 19th Century?

6. Why Weren "T The First Planes QUITE SAFE?

7. What is the QUICKEST WAY OF TRAVELING?

8. What Does the Author Say About Traveling B TRAIN?

9. Is Traveling Bus More or Less Comfortale Thant Traveling B TRAIN?

10. If You Travel B Saga, You Are Not Limited BUT THE TIME, ARE YOU?

2. Use the Questions to Retell The Text.

3. What is your Favourite Way Oftravelling? Use Arguments from the Text to Prove Your Point of View. Add your own arguments.

4. Discuss the Following ProIlems.

1. DiffiCulties Oftravelling (Customs, For Language, Prices, etc.)

2. THE BEST TYPE OF CITY TRANSPOGT.

3. INTERESTING PLACES IN THE WORLD TO SEE AND TO EXPLORE.

5. Make Up and Dialogue on the Following Subjects.

1. Two Students Plan And Trip Abroad and Choose What Transport to Take.

2. And Tourist Agent Speaks To and Client and Suggests Different Tours. The Client Doesn "T Like to Travel B will Plane.

3. Husband and Wife Arrive At The Railway Station Of Their Home Town.

THEY SEE A BUS AND SOME TAXIS AND DECIDE WHAT TRANSPOGT TO TAKE.

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2. Imagine You Are and Tourist Agent Who Writes and Booklet. You Need to Praise Traveling Bus. WRITE SOME SENTENCES ABOUT IT.

3. Write An Essay One of The Following Topics.

1. MU LONGEST JOUMEY.

2. The Best Way to Spend Your Summer Holidays.

3. The Best Way to Travel IS B OKYCLE (ON FOOT, BU CAR ...)

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In life, it is often a need to convey a different condition (if if, etc.). This type of proposals deserve special attention, since it has a different structure than a friend of affirmative complex suggestions.

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Suggestions expressing replaced or unfulfilled 3.

condition in the past. In them, the Past Peifect is required in the appropriate proposal, and in the main FTIFECT-IP-The-Past (i.e., the FTIFECT SHALL and WILL states change accordingly on Should and Would).

If He Had Sota Yesterday, We Should Have Started the Work.

FTIFECT-IP-THE-THE-PAST PAST PEIFECT If he came yesterday, we would start work.

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If he had already been there, we would also go there.

In addition to the Union, IF Expandable Conditional Suggestions can with Unless (if not), Provided (THAT), connect to the main alliances providing (THAT), OP Condition (that), in Case (that) (in case If), Supposing (THAT), SUPPOSE (THAT if, if you assume).

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Reading Practice.

Sport The Healthiest Way of Life for and Person Is Constant Movement and Exercise.

When Exercise Stops, IllNesses Quickly Appear. But Those Who Don "T Forget About Sport Have a Happy and Healthy Life.

IT IS NECESSARY TO DISTINGUISH AMATEUR SPORT AND PROFESSIONAL SPORT.

The Most Important Difference Is That Professional Sportsmen, On The One Hand, Try to Win, To Break Records and to Achieve Great Results Because It Brings Them Glory, Fame and Commercial Success. AMATEUR SPORTSMEN, ON THE OTHER HAND, GO IN FOR SPORT TO OE HEALTHY AND FEEL WELL - AND NOT TO WELE A SPORT CAREER.

One of the Simplest and Most Ancient Sports Is Running. IS An Exercise Which Doesn "T Make You Stronger (SO Your Muscles Don" T Become Thicker), But Makes You More Resistant to Stress. This Sport, Like Many Others, Improves Your Health and Even Cures Some Illnesses.

Ifyou A An Amateur, You Probaly Prefer Jogging To Running. Jogging IS Just Like Running, But Here Speed \u200b\u200bIs Not So Important. Jogging Is Popular in Westem Countries. PEOPLE JOG SEVERAL KILOMETRES A DAY AND FOUND IT VERY HEALTHY. Doctors Wam However, That Jogging For More Thank May ie Harmful for the Joints.

In This Case The Best Solutions Is Skiing. Skiing Is and Very Good Wintersport. Two Main Types Sap O. Divided in This Kind of Sport: Mountain Skiing and Cross-Country Skiing. When Russian People Say Skiing, They Mean Cross-Country Skiing. But englishmen Mean Mountain Skiing. Both Kinds of Sport Are Popular, But in Order to Go Down The Ski Slopes You Need More Professionalism.

Besides These Kinds of Sports, There Are Games. Everyone Knows Such Games As Football, Volleyball, BasketBal \\, Hockey, Tennis and Others.

Everyone Knows Them and Played At Least One Of These Games. In Some Othem Only Two Players Take Part (Tennis), in Others- and Team of Several Players. These Games Improve Velocity Of Reaction, ABLLITY TO Take Quick Decisions, and Coordination. They Arc Popular With Children, Who Follow the Older Sportsmen and Want To Ol Likc Them.

Sport IS SO Important for US, That Lessons of Physical Training Are Included Into School, Col \\ Ege and University CSHRICULUMS. Besides There Are Special Schools, Which Preparc Fute Sportsmen, Trainers and Olympic Champions.

Active Vocabulagy.

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Vocabulary Exercises

1. Study The Active Vocabulary. TranSlate The Following Words and Phrases from English Into Russian.

Sport, Sportsman, Jogging, Game, Exercise, Amateur, Important, Illness, Professional, Kilometerre, Mountain, Cross-Country Skiing, Player, Constant, Movement, Quickly, Necessary, Distinguish, Difference, Win, To Break and Record, Achieve, Glory, Fame, Commercial Success, Career, Muscle, Resistant, Stress, Improve, Prefer, Speed, Westem, To Jog, Harmful, Joint, Solutions, Ski Slope, Football, Volleyball, Basketball, Hockey, Team, Velocity, Reaction, ABILITY , Decision, Coordination, Physical Training, Olympic Champion.

2. Guess The Word The Explanation of Its Meaning.

1) Something That You Can Play, Usually With Rules

2) From Or Conserving The West An Action Or Feeling Caused Bow Another Person Or Thing 3) The Best Person in A Sport or Competition 4)

5) to Do Better Than Your Opponents In A Game An Outdoor Game Played Boo Two Teams with Curved Sticks and 6) Small Hard Cylinder

7) And Team Game In Which Players Try to Throw A BALL THROUGH A HOOP FIXED THREE METERS ABOVE THE GROUND

8) A Game Played Boo TWO Teams Which Try to Kick An Inflated Ball Into Their Opponent "S GOAL

9) And Very High Hill

10) Someone Who Does Something Because He Likes It WitHout Being PAID for It

3. Give English Equivalents for the Following Words.

Running a coward, game, amateur, important, success, beat the record, rek, hockey, the opportunity, distinguish.

4. Give Antonyms From Active Vocabulary to the Following Words.

Amateur, Slowly, To Lose, Useful, Inabllity, Unimportant.

5. LNSERT THE VOCABULARY OF THE TEXT INTO THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES.

1. The Sportsman Wanted to _, So He Ran Very Quickly. Not won and became an __. But He Was Very Tired Because He Had Run Two _.

And Record. ONLY THE BEST _CAN DO IT.

2. IT IS VERY DIFFICULT TO EVERY FOOTBALL PLAYER MUST O_TO STRESS.

4. The _Zenit Won The _match Yesterday.

The 9th of Mau Is An _Date in Our History.

If You Go Weightlifting (Weight Athletics) Your _becocome Bigger 6.

and So You Become Stronger.

7. Do you often Have _ _ lessons?

6. Paraphrase The Words In Italic Using Active Vocabulary. Make Other Changes in the Sentence IF Necessary. TRU TO USE ONE WORD.

1. At this Competition ATH / ETE PCTROV WAS THE BEST.

2. Smoking ISFAR from Good for Usha L1calth.

3. The Sportsman Trained Very WCLL And His Result Became Better.

4. Do You Like to Run In Thc Morpipg?

5. WE DON "T HAVE R. E. Lessons op Mondays.

7. LNSERT PREPOSITIONS POST-VEGBAL ADVEGBS.

1. _ The One Hand, Professional Sportsmen Try to Win and Break Records. Amateur Sportsmen, _The Other Hand, Go _ Sports To Healthy and To Feel Well.

2. Football and Tennis Are Very Popular _Children.

3. Games Improve VE1OCITY _ REACTION AND ABLLITY TO TAKE Quick Decisions.

4. Why IS Sport to Important _as?

5. In Such Games _ Football, BasketBall and Hockey More Than Two Players Take Part.

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1. And Girl Persuades Her Classmate to Go in for Swimming.

2. TWO BOYS Discuss the Latest Football Match.

3. And Student Answers His Classmates Questions About An Unusual Kind Insport.

Writing Exercises

1. Imagine You Are and Journalist. WRITE A REPORT ABOUT THE LATEST LOCAL SPORTS COMPETTION.

2. Write An Essay On One Of The Following Topics. Use LNTemet Resources If Necessary.

1. Professional Sport: Different Points of View.

2. International Sports Competitions and Their Role in Uniting Different Nations.

3. Pierre de Couubertin and His Activities.

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Completed proposals consist of the main NOTE (THA CLAISE) and one or more PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL (THE SIBORDINATE CLAYES).

The apparent proposal can join the main one with the help of the Supplemental Unions of that (which), if (if), Hecause (because), etc. or the Allied WHO words (who), whose (whose), (when), (where, where), etc. The besuzoy is also possible to join the proposals.

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In the apparent proposals of the target may also use SIBJIPCTVE MOOD (see the subjunctional outer section), the usual LEST. After the LEST Union, the verb is used in approving but with the union form, since only one lest itself is negative, and the union is negative.

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If the appropriate proposal is preceded by the main, then for the verb to OE, and for all other persons, the PAST pephoct form is requested in the value of the subjunctive.

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CONTROL QUESTIONS

l. What types of complex suggestions are subdivided?

2. How is a complex proposal formed?

How is a complex proposal formed?

What are the main types of departing offers?

What questions do they answer?

What does the subjunctive inclination mean?

7. How are the main forms of the subjunctive inclination?

In which types of appropriate proposals is used subglient 8.

mood?

9. In which cases is used the form of the past time to approach the verb of OE? What form to bring other verbs in these to cases?

Reading Practice.

Health Many Philosophers Said Wise Things About Health - How Important It is for Each Person, And That One Lost, It Can "T ON RESTORED. LF And Person Is Eating Bad Food, Smoking Or Taking Alcohol - This Ruins His Health, and It" S Very Good If He Has Time To Stop and Think.

In Fact, Health IS Something That Is Given to Many of Us Since. But Only Active Life and Good Nutrition CAN Help US Stay Healthy As Long As Possiole.

The First Aspect of Good Health Is A Healthy Diet. Food That You Eat Gives You Energy, Vitamins and Fibre. And IF IT IS Junk Food - IT Gives You Extra Weight and ProIlems with Your Health.

The Second Aspect of Good Health Is Sport and Exercises. Doctors Recommend to Use The Stairs Instead of Taking and Lift, and to Walk During The Break At School and College But Not to Sit At The Same Place. There Are Workers Who Have to Sit At the Working Tae for Hours, But Their Kidneys, Which Is Very Serious.

What Are Other Contributions to Good Health? ot · Course, IT "S The Absence of Bad Haits. But It" s Also Your Attitude to Life. LF You are Full of Energy, Optimism and Kind-Heartedness, Your Life Will OE Good. But If It's A Always For You to Keep Your Temper - Then The ProIlems Are On The Threshold.

Finally, Everything DEPENDS ON US. Lifestyle Is and Way That Leads to and Happy and Healthy Life Or to Medical ProIlms. The Most Important Thing Is To Have and Map That Shows US The Right Way.

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1. Study The Active Vocabulary. TranSlate The Following Words and Phrases from English Into Russian.

Bad, Aspect, Energy, Philosopher, Restore, Smoking, Ruin, Birth, Active, Nutrition, Possiole, Diet, Eat, Vitamin, Fibre, Junk, Extra, Weight, Recommend, Stairs, Instead, Lift, Kidneys, Contribution, Absence, Hait, Attitude, Optirnism, Kind-Heartedness, Angry, Temper, Threshold, Depend, Lifestyle, Medical, Map, Show.

2. Guess The Word The Explanation of Its Meaning.

1) The Aility to Do Things

2) Each of Several Substances Which Are Present in Some Products and Wblch You Need to Stay Healthy

3) Sevel Steps That Take You From One Floor to Anither In A Building

4) EXPECTING THINGS TO TURN OUT WELL

5) And Board or Stone Under The Doorway Of A Building

6) Two Organs in Our Body That Remove Waste Products from the Blood

7) The Measure Of How Heavy You Are

8) Something That You Do Without Tblnking, Because You Have Done It So Often

9) Something YOU GIVE

10) to say that Something is good or suitale.

3. Give English Equivalents for the Following Words.

Bad, restore, philosopher, smoking, possible, addition, elevator, attitude, temper, map, destroy, diet, together, lack, kindness, depend, show, birth, active, food, is, fiber, defective (about food) , Angry, style of life, medical.

4. INSERT THE VOCABULARY OF THE TEXT INTO THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES.

1. OUR Health Often _ON Ecology.

2. In Spring Our Body Lacks _and Minerals Necessary for Our Living.

3. Change Your 1_, or You "LL Ruin Your _in Several Years!

4. Not IS Very Active: He Goes to Work B likeCle and Always Uses _ Instead of the Stairs.

5. LFYOU EAT MUCH, YOU "LL GAIN _.

5. Paraphrase The Words In Italic Using Active Vocabulary. Make Other Changes in the Sentence IF Necessary.

Not 1. Eats BalancedFood, That "S Why He is SO Slim.

3. NOT ADVISED TE WATCH THIS FILM.

4. And Child Must Have Good Nutrition from The First Days of His Life.

Ipsert PrepositoPS 6. Or Post-Verbal Adverbs.

1. Doctors Recommend to Use The Stairs Instead _Taking A Lift, and to Walk _The Break _school and college.

2. There Are Workers Who Have to Sit _The Taile for Hours, But Then They Have Serious ProIlems _thcir Health.

3. Your Attitude _Life Is Also and Coptrihusion _Good Health.

4. Our Health Depends _our eating LSHITS TO A GREAT LEVEL.

7. THE TEXT INTO ENGLISH.

Trapslate FollowiPG Petya began to study worse than usual. I decided that he needs to go more sports and reset overweight. It is not very useful for omno, but not enough. Then he decided to buy vitamins, as it was still far from fresh fruit and vegetables. And finally, he took up his studies and tried to catch the missed. Vitamins helped him very much.

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7. Make Up Dialogue According to One of the Following Situations.

1. Two Students Are Discussing The Bad Effects of Smoking On Our Body.

2. And Student Asks His New Friend What Sports He (OR SHE) is fond of.

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Write An Essay On One Of The Following Topics.

1. Healthy Life - IT "S Easy!

2. Going in for Sports is My Favourite Pastime.

3. Ve Polite, Honest and To1erant - and You "LL Healthy.

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Modal verbs are such verbs that themselves do not express actions or states, but establish the relationship between the subject and the action or state, expressed in the finiteness of another verb.

Modal verbs express the opportunity, the ability, the need, the desirability of the action.

Compare in Russian:

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Sap She Sing?

Mau She Sing?

Ought She to Sing?

In a negative form, the PT particle is put immediately after the state verb. The verb of the SAP with the PT particle is written pits: not sappot do it.

In conversational speech, abbreviated defensive forms can be used:

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The verb SAP means physical or mental ability, the ability to perform action. In Russian, it is usually translated in words, it can, possibly, may be (n. (In the negative form of the layer, you can not, it is impossible, etc.

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That is, more expresses the actual, one-time maybe (suddenly will do), and the sap is the common opportunity, the theoretical ability to do something.

In combination with the perfect form of infinitive, the verb May expresses an assumption (also with a shade of doubt, uncertainty) in relation to the past time:

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mUST may also verb to express the likelihood and translated into Russian words should probably be.

It expresses much stronger confidence in comparison with the verb of Tau:

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In combination with perfect infinitive, this verb is consumed in terms of past time and means that it is not possible to accomplish actions:

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CONTROL QUESTIONS

What verbs are called modal?

What modal verbs are in English?

3. What is the difference between modal verbs from ordinary in the formation of verb forms?

Reading Practice.

Telephone Conversation Rules When You Speak Over The Telephone, IT "S Important to Know Some Simple But Very Useful Rules, Which Make Your Communication Successful.

First of All, You Must Greet Your Listener With Good Morning, Good Afternoon, Or Good Evening. If It Is Not And Person You Want to Speak With, Please Ask to Call The One You Want, using and Polite Expression. But If It Happans That You Dialled The Wrong Number, Then You Must Apologize.

Whenever You Are Calling Anybody, Ask Whether The Person You Speak to Has Enough Time for You. Mauier IT is not so.

Don "T Speak Too Long. Long Conversation Is Often and Mere Chattering, Nothing Else. Never Forget Why You are really phoning.

But The Matters That Are Very Important Shld OE Better Discussed in Person. MUCH INFORMATION IS TRANSMITTED BU OUR GESTURES, BUT VERY OFTEN WE DON "T SEEM TO REALISE IT.

Even If Your Interlocutor Is Rude to You, You Shouldn "T Answer Back.

Keer Your Emotions to Yourself Even If It "S Difficult for You.

Following These Rules, You Sap Speak Over The Telephone As Naturally As in Person. Telephone IS A Great Invention, It Unites People, But It Should Seed Carefully in Order Not to Separate Them.

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1. Study The Active Vocabulary. TranSlate The Following Words and Phrases from English Into Russian.

Conversation, Ask, Simple, Communication, Successful, Great, Listener, Expression, Happen, Dial, Wrong, Whenever, Call, Whether Maybe, Mere, Chattering, Matter (N), Transmit, Gesture, Seem, Interlocutor, Rude, Emotion, Following, separate.

2. Guess The Word The Explanation of Its Meaning.

1) The Person You Are Speaking WITH

2) someone who is listening

3) to Welcome Someone WHEN Hejshe Arrives

4) NOT FAIR or Morally Right; InCuspect.

5) to Take Thing Or People Away From Other Things Or People

6) And Strong Feeling In Your Mind, Such As Love or Fear

7) Talking Quickly, Stupidly or Too Much

8) Having Success

3. Give English Equivalents for the Following Words.

Odrovor, communication, expression, gesture, business, ask, to happen, to gain, call, transmit, seem simple, whether, perhaps, no more than.

4. INSERT THE VOCABULARY OF THE TEXT INTO THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES.

1. WHEN JACK Understood That He Had _The Wrong _, He _. NIS _Answered That It Was All Right.

2. 1 COULDN "T GET THROUGH (call) for Half An Hour. Was It An Important Talk or Just _?

3. "What _do you want to buy?" _The Shop Assistant.

4. The Disk-Jockey Greeted His _using and Polite _and AnnouncedThat A Very Interesting Program Would O_in Half and Minute.

5. Mother Let Her Child Know B and _That He Must Silent.

5. Paraphrase The Words In Italic Using Active Vocabulary. Make Other Changes in the Sentence IF Necessary.

1. "Your Answer IS Incorrect," - Said The Teacher.

2. HIS Project Had Great Success.

3. THE CHILDREN WERE DIVIDED IN 2009 AND MET ONLY LAST YEAR.

4. SPEAK TO HER USING ONLY POLITE PHRASES. She is Very Strict.

5. PROBALY HE IS RIGHT, But We Must Check IT.

6. INSERT PRESITIONS OR POST-VERBAL ADVERBS.

1. LFIT NOT THE PERSON YOU WANT TO SPEAK _, PLEASE ASK TO CALL THE ONE YOU WANT.

2. Do You Have Enough Time _ME?

3. WE SHOULD BETTER Discuss This Matter _person. 1 CAN "T Say Anything _The Telephone.

4. Even IF Your Friend Is Angry, Never Answer _. Keer Your Emotions _Youurself.

5. TELEPHONE UNITES PEOPLE, BUT IT SHOLD OP USED CAREFULLY _ _ NOT TO SEPARATE THEM.

7. The Following TEXT INTO ENGLISH.

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When Dima told about this Father, he reminded that they sometimes call them on their error, and they always need to respond politely and with the positive emotions, in what kind of mood you could.

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1. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS TO THE TEXT.

1. Must You know Any ru \\ es When you speak over the telephone?

2. What Are the Typica \\ Greetings WHEN YOU TAKE THE RECEIVER?

3. What Should You Do If Is Not The Person You Want to Speak WITH?

4. LFYOU HAVE DIALLED THE WRONG NUMBER, YOU MUST APOLOGIZE, MUSTN "T YOU?

5. Why Should You Ask If The Person Has Enough Time for You?

lS LONG Conversation Merely and Chattering, In The Author "S View? and 6.

what do you think?

7. Should Important Matters OVER Discussed Over The Te \\ EPhone? Why not?

8. IFThe Interlocutor Is Rude, What Should You Do?

Sap These Rules Help You to Speak Over The Telephone As Naturally AS 9.

10. Ls Telephone One of the Inventions That Has Different Sides Positive and Negative? PROVE YOUR POINT OFVIEW.

2. Use the Questions from 1 to Retell The Text.

3. What do you think of the moblle phones? Are Dangerous for Our Health? Give Your Point of View.

4. Make Up Dialogues in Wblch One Student Phones To Another One

INVITES HIM TO THE CINEMA

ASKS WHAT THE HOMEWORK IS BECAUSE HE "S ILL

Tel \\ s ABOUT THE LATEST MODEL OF A MOBLLE PHONE

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As mentioned above, modal verbs of Sap, Tau, Tost, Ought to, pee, unlike other verbs, do not have a number of forms.

So, for example, the verbs of SAP and Tau cannot be used in the future, and the verb of TST in the past and the future.

To transfer the value expressed by these verbs at the specified times, appropriate equivalents are used:

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What verbs can perform in the modal value?

How are questions and negative formed in this case?

What do the modal structures with the perfect infinitive?

What funds are used to express the value of modal cry 4.

must Goals Sap, Tau and in those times where these glasses do not have his own forms?

Reading Practice.

MU HOBBLES THE WORD "HOBBY" Means and Large Variety of Things That People Do in their Free Time.

WE CAN SPEAK ABOUT HOBBLES IN OUR LIFE WHEN WE GO TO SCHOOL. That "S The Time When Time Of Studies CAN OE CLEARLY DISTINGUISHED FROM TIME OF REST. CHILDREN GO DANCING, SWIMMING, THEY SING, PLAY THE PIANO OR OTHER MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. THEY ARE FOUND OF DIFFERENT SPORTS AND GAMES, SUCH AS FOOTBA \\ 1, Gymnastics, Figure Skating and Others.

This is THC First Time When They Collect Things - For Example Stickkers, Stampps, Badgcs. LT "SOOD WHEN THE" HOBBY "DOESN" T TAKE VERY MUCH TIME.

If IT "S SO, IT" S Already and Bad Hablt. WE CAN SAY SO About Computer Games.

IT "s not good to become addicts.

When WE ARE Teenagers, Our Interests Become Wider. Boys Become Fond of Digital Technologies and Cars; Girls Are Often Fond Of Flowers, Different Clothes and Animals.

Now When We Are College Students, Our Hobbles Are Various. ONE OF BOYS OF THE GROUP IS FOND OF MAKING ROBOTS WITH REMOTE CONTROL BUT IPHONE.

This is grcat! Another Like Likes to Draw Cars and Their Owners. This is and Very Unusual "Hobby"! As for those 1 Learn to make computer program Programs and I "M Sure It Will Oh Will for Me in My Work.

Mu Parents Say That When Their Family Life Began, Many of their Hobies Disappeared. SO 1 Have and Great Opportunity. But My Mum Stilllikes to Knit, and My Dad - to make Furniture. These Hobbles Are Not Only Interesting for Them, But Also Useful for the Whole Family.

Hobbles make Our Life Very Interesting. LT "S Especially Good WHEN ARE PEOPLE WITH SIMILAR INTERESTS AROUND YOU. THIS HELPS US TO RELAX FROM OUR STUDIES OR MAIN WORK AND DO SOMETHING PLEASANT FOR OURSELVES AND THE OTHERS.

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Vocabulary Exercises

1. Study The Active Vocabulary. TranSlate The Following Words and Phrases from English Into Russian.

Nyuu, Like, Word, Variety, Clearly, Distinguish, Ftgier Skating, Collect, Example, Stickker, Stamp, Badge, Teenager, Digital, Animal, Various, Group, Robot, Remote, Bow, Owner, Disappear, Opportunity, Mum, Knit , Whole, Relax.

2. Guess The Word The Explanation of Its Meaning.

1) And Set of Sounds or Letters That Has and Meaning and Is Written WITH A Space Before and After IT

2) Moving About In Time With Music

3) And Small Piece of Metal Pained On Clothes To Tell People Something About Its Owner

4) Exercises and Movements That Demonstrate The Body "S Agility and Strengthh

5) to Stop Being Visi

6) to Stop Working, to Rest

7) And Small Piece of Gummed Paper WITH A Special Design on It

8) and Label or Sign for Sticking On Something

9) The Person Who Has Something

10) and Good Time to Do Something

3. Give English Equivalents for the Following Words.

Hobbies, variety, musical instrument, example, figure skating, teenager, group, robot, animal, boy, mom, love, clear, collect, distinguish, digital, whole, distant, diverse, knit.

4. Paraphrase The Words In Italic Using Active Vocabulary. Make Other Changes in the Sentence IF Necessary.

1. We have and SHAAPS TO GO ON BUS TOUR TOUR TOUR TOUR TO MOSCOW THIS WEEKEND.

2. MU SISTER IS FAPD OF COLLECTION TAPE THINGS: Postcards, Dolls, Books, Dresses. She Says She Has and Rest When She 1ooks AT HER Collection.

But in Fact She Has on REST. She has and really big collection.

3. "1 See Well That You Must Go in for Sports to Improve Your Hea1th,"

Said Mother to Her Child.

5. INSERT PRESITIONS OR POST-VERBAL ADVERBS.

1. The Word "Hobby" Means and Large Variety _Things That People Do _ Their Free Time.

2. Teenagers are Fond _ Digital Technologies.

3. THERE ARE HOBIES WHICH ARE NOT ONLY INTERESTING _ YOU, BUT ALSO USEFUL _ THE WHOLE FAMILY.

4. Hobies make Our Life Interesting Especially When There Are People Similar Interests Around US.

5. CAN You Tell Me _ Your Hobies?

Thranslate 6. The Following Text Into ENGLISH.

My friends showed me that the hobby can be very different.

My friend is really loves to travel. He is already almost on all continents and traveled a lot on the plane, train, car bus, bicycle and on foot. My buddy Nikolai loves photographer. He takes pictures of people, buildings, nature and banner events. My uncle loves to cook, although his discretion is not connected with this. But his dishes are always very tasty, and he himself like to deliver joy to others. And I really like collecting brands. They carry a lot of beneficial information. In addition, they help learn foreign words, because my collections are thematic.

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1. TWO FRIENDS ARE LOOKING AT EACH OTHER "S STAMP COLLECTION. THEY Decide to Exchange Some Stamp.

2. TWO FRIENDS ARE DISCUSSING THEIR FAVORITE SHMS.

3. Two Boys Are DiscusSing Their Favourite Types of Cars (Airplanes).

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The Metgic System Physics Measures Such Physical Chertitics As Time, Length, Mass, Density, Velocity, Area, Volume, TEMPCRATURE AND CNERGY. Different Units of Length and Mass Exist. Nearly All Outhem Are Interrelated. NowAdays, Three Main Systems of Measurement Are Widely Used: The British System ofunity, The Metric System ofunits and The Intemational System of Units (SI).

With the Few Exceptions, All the Nations ofthe World Use the Metric System.

IT IS SO Easy That Anyone Who Knows ARITHMETIC CAN Leam It Quickly. Before The Introduction of The Metric System (Metre-Kilogram-Second), The British Foot- Pound-Second System Was Widely used. But The Latter System (Which Is Still in Use in Great Britain and the USA) Was Very Complicated and Caused Serious DiffiCulties in The Intemationa1 Trade. For example, In The British System 1 Mile Is Equal To 1760 Yards, 1 Yard - to Feet and 1 Foot- to 12 Inches. This Means That It's "s very difficult to convert units.

But in the Metric System Each Unit Is A Multiple of The Following Lower Unit B Ten. Therefore, The Conversion to and Higher Quantity Is Done Bow Moving The Decimal Point to the Right to the Required Number of P1aces and Vice Versa.

The Idea of \u200b\u200bDecimal System WAS Realised Only At The End of The 18th Century. In 1791, The FRENCH ACADEMY OF SCIENCE DECIDED THAT THE STANDARD OF LENGTH SHOLD ONE TEN-RNILLIONTH PART OF THE DISTANCE FROM THE EQUATOR TO THE NORTH POLE. The TWO FRENCH SCIENTSTIS CHARGED WITH THE TASK TOOK THIS DISTANCE ON LINE RUNNING THROUGH PARIS AND DIVIDED IT INTO 10 000 000 Equal parts. THEY CALLED ONE OF THE PARTS A METRE ("MEASURE"), Which Became The Main Unit. Metre Was Also Used to Measure Area and Volume. Thus and Square Metre and Cublc Metre Appeared.

The Main Advantage Of The System Is That For Shorter Measurements The Metre Is Divided B Ten, SO and Decima1 System Wassed. SHORTER UNITS HAD LATIN PREFTXES AND LONGER ONES - GREEK PREFTXES. SO, "Millimetre" is latin for "And Thousandth Part of a Metre" and "Kilomeetre" is Greek for "and Thousand Metres".

As for the United As The Mass of A Cublc Centimetre of Water AT The Temperature of 4 · C (The Temperature of Its Maximum Density). AS WE KNOW, The Name of this Unit is Gramme.

The Si Units IS Derived from the Metric System and Was Intemationally Accepted in 1960. Besides Metre (M), Kilogram (KG) and Second (S), Its Basic Units Are Kelwin (K), Ampere (A), Mole (MOL) , and candle (CD). This System WAS Introduced in Our Country in the 1960s and every day We MEASURE THINGS SY THE UNITS FROM SYSTEM.

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1. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS TO THE TEXT.

1. What QuantiTies Does Physics Mcasure? AGE MOST OF THEM INTERRELATED?

2. How Many Systems of Measurement Are Widcly Used Nowadays?

3. ALL THE NATIONS OFTHE WORLD USE THE METRIC SYSTEM, DON "T THI?

4. What was Wassed before the Metric System? Did The Earlier System Have Any Drawbacks?

5. When Was The Idea of \u200b\u200bDecimal System Realised?

6. What is The Main Unit Outric Metric System? How Was It Measured?

7. WERE THE UNITS OF Area and Volume Defined AS Well?

8. Do Shorter Units Have Greek or Latin Prefixes?

9. What is a and Unit of Mass?

10. Is there A Difference Between The Metric System and The SL System?

11. WHEN WAS THE SI SYSTRODUCED IN THE USSR?

12. What Synonyms to the Phrase "Metric System" CAN you fmd in the text?

2. Study The Active Vocabulary. The Missing CAN You _ CUCIC METRE INTO CUCIC CENTITIMETRES?

2. The Between Moscow and Samara IS 1049 3. "Bio \\ Ogy" is a _word, and "science" is a _one.

The Teacher _ One of His Pupils WITH A DIFFICULT TASK.

Newton WAS A Great _ Who Formulated Laws of Gravitation.

6. What is the _ of this swimming pool? - The Swimming Pool Is Twenty-Five _Long and Two _Deep, and Ten _Wide. SO, 1 _ Twenty-Five BW TWO AND TEN AND 1 GET FIVE HUNDRED __.

7. The _of Ice Is More Than-The _ofwater AS A LIQUID. But The _ of Ice Is Less Than The Owater AT 4 ° C.

Who Was The First Traveller Who Reached the South?

9. The _That Studies Stars Is Astronomy.

10. The _ UNITS OF THE _ Systems Are and Metre, and _and A_.

1. The British System of Units, The Metric System of Units and The Intemational System of Units (SI) Are ...

2. Everyone Who KNOW ARITHMETIC CAN ...

3. Before The Introduction Ofthe Metric System ...

4. THE CONVERSION TO A BLGHER QUANTITY IN A METRIC SYSTEM IS DONE ...

5. IN 1791 THE FRENCH ACADEMY OF SCIENCH DECIDED ...

6. The Two FRENCH Scientists Took TBLS Distance ...

7. Metre Was Also Used to Measure ...

8. The Main Advantage Ofthe Metric System Is ...

9. The Unit of Mass Was Defined ...

10. The Si System IS Derived ...

1. The Disadvantages of the British System of Units.

2. The INTRODUCTION OF THE METRIC SYSTEM.

3. PrefLxes in the Metric System.

1. The Ditference Between The Metric System of Units and The Lnternational System of Units (SI).

2. The Origin of the British System of Units.

3. The INTRODUCTION OFTHE SI UNITS.

4. Conversion in the British System of Units.

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Teht Functions of Computers Computer Is One OfThe Inventions Ofthe 20th Century That Changed The World Greatly. The First Computers of the 1940s Were Enormous. But Now The Are Almost in Every Family and In Every Office Building.

MOST RNACHINES DO ONLY ONE JOB, SOME ARE MULTIFUNCTIONAL (E.G. and TU SET + + DVD Player). But No Device Is As Multifunctional AS Computer. The PARTS OF THE MACBLNE (OR ITS HARDWARE) REMAIN THE SAME, YOU CHANGE ONLY THE PROGRAM (SOFTWARE) AND YOUR COMPUTER IMMEDIATELY LEARNS TO DO VARIOUS TBLNGS. And Browser Program Is Designed to Look At Pages On The Internet (You Can Also Say to Browse, TBLS Accounts for the Word Browser). And Word Processor Program Lets You to Print Text And Then Change Styles of Fonts and Sizes of Pages. And Database Program IS Used for Searching and Sorting Records. Such Program IS Used in Shops, Libraries, Hospitals, Accountant Offices, and SO ON.

They Make Work with Great Amounts of Data Much Quicker.

Computers Are Found Everywhere and Used in Every Sphere of Life. In a Plant One Can Make and Computer Model of A CAR or Plane and Check Its Resistance to Stress. SUCH CALCULATIONS WITHOUT A COMPUTER COULD HAVE TAKEN SEVERAL MONTHS. Computer IS USED AT SCHOOL: Children Watch Films, Presentations and Web Pages. This Helps Them to Study Effectively.

Computers Also Have some Disadvantages. There Is and Famous Joke That Computers Are Designed to Solve ProIms But Half of the Time The Are the PROOlem. AS Computer Is A Complicated Device, One Small Breakage May Stop Its Work. MOREOVER, THE EQUIPMENT IS SOON OUT OF DATE.

Besides, there is a and ProIlm of compatibllity. First of All, There Are Hardware Devices Which Can "T Work with the Old Operating Systems, Such As A Processor, and Hard Disk Drive, and Video Card, etc., There Are Programs Which Need More Resources Than Computer Actually LSS.

Thirdly, Computers Become More and More Complicated, and Much Effort Is Required to Learn How To Work with Them. Fourthly, Computer Viruses Cause and Lot Of Troule - They Can Spoil, Remove or Steal Computer Data, And Every User KNOWS IT Well from His Experience.

And Multifunctional Device, AS WE ALREADY KNOW, COMPUTER IS A MULTIFUNCTIONAL DEVICE, AS WE ALREADY KNOW, SO IT CAN OXED BOTH TO DO WORK AND TO ENTERTAIN ONESELF. Children Often Fall Prey to Computer and Internet: They Play Computer Games, Spend Their Free Time Chatting with Friends on the Internet and Doing Practically Nothing. This Aspect CAN "T é Denied.

Then Crown It All, Computer IS and Good Device Like Many Others, Designed to Help People. But It's Own Free Will That Lets USE It in Order Not to Waste Time But to Get Best Results.

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1. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS TO THE TEXT.

1. WHEN WAS COMPUTER INVENTED?

2. WERE THERE MANY COMPUTERS IN THE MIDDLE OFTHE 20TH CENTURY? Why do you Think SO? Find The Possiole Exp1anation in the Text.

3. Is Computer and Mu1tifunctional Device?

4. What Types of Programs for Computer CAN You Name?

5. In What Spheres of Life Can Computers OE USED?

6. Computers Have Many Disadvantages, Don "T THI?

7. What Are the Main Disadvantages? Are ARE Any That Happened With Your Computer?

8. What are the relations Between Children and Computer? Is there Any Danger?

9. SAP YOU PATE APU OTHER FUPCTOPS OF COMPUTER?

10. SAP YOU ADD APYTBLNG TO THE LIST OF THE DRAWBACKS OF COMPUTER?

11. COMPUTER SAP OE USED BOTH FOR GOOD APD BAD PURPOSES, SAP "T IT?

12. Name Other Things That Sap O. Misused, Like Computer. (For example: ATOMIC ENERGY, and Gun, Te1evisIOp ...)

2. Study The Active Vocabulary. LNSERT THE MISSING WORDS.

1. The _of opera Comptcr StopPCD THC Whole Work of A Communion.

2. Yesterday My Brother Hougl1t A ~ - DCVICE: IT "S A PRIPTER, and Scanner APD A FAX.

3. LFYOU WAPT TO LOOK AT THC LIBRARY COLLCCCTION, OREOD THIS _PROGRAM.

4. That DRIVCR, INSERT THE CD IPTO THE APD FOLLOW THE IPSTRUCTIOPS OF THE COMPUTER.

5. IF You Have Progiems with Your Hardwarc OG ___, Ask My FRIEPD LGOR. Not IS A FAMOUS Specialist, He Has Great _ _, HE SAP _ _ APU PROOLEM.

6. The Hottest Place YP Your Computer Is A _.

7. Check Your Computer for _. They Sap Spoil Your _.

8. What _ _ do you have? - Are there MAAP? - YES, THERC AGE. But There Is Only and ProIlm of _ of Software.

9. Not USES The Use Only to _ BlmSelf: He Listeps to the Music, Watches Films APD Ipstalls Programs.

10. COMPUTER SAP MAKE _QUICKER THAP APU CALCULATOR.

3. Continue the favoring statements.

1. The first computers of the 1940s Were ...

2. And Browser Program Is Desigped to ...

3. And Wood Processor Lets You ...

4. And Database Program IS Used IP Shops ...

5. Computers AGE USED EVERYWHERE: IP A PLAPT OPE SAP MAKE ...

6. Computer IS ALSO Used At School: ChildRep Watch ...

7. THERE IS A JOKE THAT COMPUTERS ARE SOLVEMS BUT ...

8. THERE IS A PROOIEM OF COMPATILITY ...

9. Computers Become More and More Complicated and Much Effort ...

10. Computer Viruses Cause and Lot Of ...

11. ChildRep Often Fall Prey to Computer ...

12. IT "S OUR WILP FREE WILL THAT LETS USSE THE COMPUTER IP ORDER ...

4. Make and Plan of the Text and Retell The Text Looking In Your Plan.

5. Discuss The Following Topics.

1. MultiFuPTIOPAL DEVICES AROUPD US.

2. Differept Types of Computer Programs.

3. SPHERES OF LIFE WHERE COMPUTERS ARE IPDISPEPSA POWAYS.

4. The PROOlem of Compatibllity.

5. Computer Viruses APD Their IplUEPCE OP OUR Lives.

6. Find and Short Article in English On The Topic of the Lesson in One Of The SCIENTFIC Magazines or on the Intemet. Study and Discuss The Article in Class.

7. Write An Essay on One of the Following Topics.

1. Advantages and Disadvantages OFTHE COMPUTER.

2. Computer as a Multifunctional Device.

3. NEWER AND NEWER HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE: MODEMISATION OF COMPUTER WHICH HAS NO END.

4. Children and Computer: Any ProIlems?

Lesson 20 Teht.

The Urals - The Center of Russian Metal Industry The Urals - and Borderline Between Europe and Asia - Are and Mountain Chain Which Appeared Many Years Ago As A and Result of Tectonic Activity. AS Time Went On, The Mountains Were Being Destroyed Bau The Action Ofwater, Sun and Air. As A Result, The Highest Mountains Are Only One Thousand Metres High. One More Consequence Is That The Greatest Deposits of Ores Came to the Surface of the Earth. The Fact That The Were Easily Access Flee Stimulated The Development Of Plants.

The Ural Mining Industries Began During The Time Of Peter The First. In The 18th CENTURY THE URALS, WITH QUALITY ORES AND RICH FORESTS (Fuel for Plants) Played The Greatest Role in the World Industry. Russia Exported Metal Even to Great Britain.

The Modemisation of the Ural Industry Began with Magnitogorsk Plant, Built Near The Mountain Magnitnaya, Rich in Metallic Ores. Later, Many Engineering Plants Were Built In The Region. The Greatest Plants Are Situated in Magnitogorsk, Nizhniy Tagil, Chelyabinsk and NOVOTROITSK.

At the Beginning of the 20th Century The Ural Metal Industry Suffered and Crisis Because of the shortage of coal. But The Delivery of Coal From Kuzbass Solved The PROFLEM.

lT MUST OE MENTIONED THAT ABOUT 70 METALS AND MINERALS WERE FIST DISCOVERED IN THE URAL MOUNTAINS. Large Deposits of Iron, Copper, Lead, Zinc, Nickel, Titanium, Wolfram and Many Other Metals Characterise The Region.

NowaDays Some of The New Layers (Kazakhstan, Siberia (KAZAKHSTAN, SIBERIA), NOWAYDAYS SOME OF THE PLANTS WORDS ARE EXHAUSTAN. But NeverTheless, The Urals Are The Region with Great History, Traditions and Experience, and Hopefully It Will Have New Stages of Development.

Active Vocabulary ACCESSILE Available Activity Action Action ["REKF ~ N] Action ASIA [" EIJ ~] Asia Chain chain (straight.) RNetallic MetalCharacterize ["Krenkt ~ Ruz] character RNINERAL [" MSh ~ R ~ L] Mineral Terrification

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1. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS TO THE TEXT.

1. Where are the Urals Situated?

2. Why Are these Mountains Not Very High?

Why Are the Deposites of Ores Easily Accessiole?

4. WHEN DID THE URAL MINING INDUSTRIES BEGIN? DID RUSSIA EXPORT METAL AT THAT TIME?

5. WHERE DID THE MODEMISATION OF THE URAL INDUSTRY BEGIN?

6. What Was The Ural Metal Industry? WAS THE URABER FOR THE CRISIS FOR THE CRISIS?

7. How Many Metals and Minerals Were First Discovered in The Urals?

What Are the Recent ProIlems ofthe Urals?

9. Does The Author of the Text Hope That The Region Will Have New Stages of Development? And what do you think?

2. Study The Active Vocabulary. INSERT THE MISSING WORDS.

1. Fifty Years Ago There Was A _HERE. Then All The Trees Were Cut and Many _ and Factories Were Built.

2. The of Mountains Which Divides Our Continent Into and

3. The Factory Can "T Work. We have and _ofcopper. _, WE" LL Have and Offit Soon.

4. _OF GOLD in Califomia Were In The Middle of the 19th Century.

in a Spaceship.

5. Gagarin Was The First Man Who Flew Round The

6. The _of Ores Is Very Thick Here. And Plant Can of Bunt Nearby.

7. The _ of Industry Means That Plants Stop Working. But All The ProIlms Can O_.

8. The Elbrus is the Highest _in europe.

9. These Mountains Are The Result OfTectonic

10. Irkutsk is in Siberia.

3. Continue the favoring statements.

1. THE URALS ARE A MOUNTAIN CANGE Which ...

2. Mountains Were Being Destroyed, and Now The Highest Mountains ...

3. In the 18th Century The Urals ...

4. The Modernismation Ofthe Ural Industry Began ...

5. THE GREATEST PLANTS ARE SITUATED ...

6. At the Beginning of the 20th Century The Ural Metal Industry ...

7. ABOUT 70 METALS AND MINERALS ...

8. Nowadays Some Ofthe Deposits Are ...

9. Hopefully, The Urals Will ...

4. Make Plan of the Text and Retell The Text Looking In Your Plan.

5. Discuss The Following Topics.

1. The bIRTH ofthe Mountains.

2. Traditions and Innovations in the Ural Metal Industry.

3. The World Industry - The 18th Century and The 21st Century.

7. Write An Essay on One of the Following Topics.

1. Natural Resources- The Wealth of Our Country.

2. THE BLSTORY OF THE URAL METAL INDUSTRY.

3. PROOLEMS OF MODERN URAL.

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Hundreds of Electronic Eqllipmcnts ARC NOW Used for Scientific, Industrial and Everyday Pllrposes. They L1Clp to Do Jobs Better Or more Rationally Thanfore and Take Over Jobs That Coljidn "T Done OtherWise.

SO, Industrial Electronics LJNDOUTY PLAYS A VCRY Important Role Today.

You can Easily Find Many Electronic EQLlipments at Lyme: A TAPE RECORDER, A TV SET, AN MRZ Player, and Computer and Many Othcrs.

The Application and Use of Electronic Eqllipments DCMANDS A Good Knowledge of their Fundamentals.

In Meters and Lamps Electricity Flows in the Wire. Bllt Inside Any Transistor OR Microcblp (And Previously, in Radio Tubes) Electric Current Passes Through The Space (or Semiconductor) Separation Certain Parts in TBLS Detail. SUCH ACTION IS CALLED ELECTRONIC. LT "S Not Difficult to Imagine It Because The Same Happens in Lightning. There You Actually See How Electricity Jumps Through Space.

The First Electronic Equipments Used Radio Lamps. They Were: A Radio Set, and Tv Set, Computing Machines, Computers (WBLCH Occupied big Rooms), Tape Recorders.

The next Stage Came When TranSistors Were Invented. The Devices Became More Powerful and Much Smaller. The Number of Devices Increased Greatly, Some Multifunctional Devices Appeared (Radio + Tape Recorder).

Computers and Calculators Became Smaller: Cassette Recorders and VideoCassette Recorders Appeared.

The NEXT Period Was The Period of Microcblps. THEY HELPED TO REDUCE BIG PARTS OF DEVICES, COMPUTERS AND OTHER DEVICES.

THE LATEST PERIOD OF INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS DIGITIZATION OF ALLECTRONIC DEVICES, MAKING THEM COMPATILE WITH THE COMPUTER. Photos Are No Longer Made On Film But On Memory Cards, Cassettes and Video Cassettes Are Out Of Use. Television Is Also Becoming Digital.

Industrial Electronics Is A and Great Part of Our Leisure Time, It Makes People "S Lives Easier and Reduces Their Working Time.

Active Vocabulary Valculatog ["Krelkjuleit ~] CalculaApplication; application torus

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everyday ["EVNDEI] everyday tape recorder FILM 1. Film 2. Television film [" TELM3 ~ N] Television Flow V flow N stream Total ["T ~ UTL] Full FundAmental N Transistor TRANSISTOR BASE AL (J Founded Tube Tube undoedly [ln" DAVTIDLI] NeoMagine Represent Increase [sh "KRI: S] increase in

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1. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS TO THE TEXT.

1. FOR WHAT PURPOSES ARE ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENTS USED NOW? What do it help us to do?

2. INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS PLAYS AN Important Role Today, Doesn "T IT?

3. What electronic Equipments are usually found at home? What Can You Find At Home?

4. What is the Difference Between Electric and Electronic Devices?

5. WHERE DO YOU ATUALLY SEE HOW ELECTRICITY JUMPS THGOUGH SPACE?

6. What Were The First Electronic Equipments Based ON?

7. DID THE FIRST COMPUTERS LOOK LIKE MODEM ONES?

8. DID THE NEXT STAGE SIDE WHEN TRANSISTORS OR CASSETTES WERE INVENTED?

9. Why Did Computers Become Smaller When Microcblps Were Introduced?

10. How Is the 1atest Period of Industrial Electronics Development Called?

11. What Devices Became Compatiole with Computer?

12. What Does Electronics Mean in Our Life?

13. Does Think That Electronics Does ONLY Good to People?

14. What will Will Oe Next Period of Industrial Electronics Development, in Your Opinion?

2. Study The Active Vocabulary. LNSERT THE MISSING WORDS.

1. IN LIGHTING ELECTRICITY _THROUGH _.

2. What do you like more: Watching _or listening to the _?

3. 1 CAN "T _HOW PEOPLE LED WITHOUT _DEVICES.

4. Do you have any _at home? No, 1 Have Only Disks. I "m for _.

Does this Camera Have Much _? No, This Camera Is Not Digital. LT 5.

hAS A 5-MILLIMETRE _

6. Devices Which Have _, And Not Tubes Are Much Smaller and Much More Powerful.

7. The Number of Digital Devices _Every Year. We Depend on _more and more.

8. Many Electronic Devices Are Used for ___, not for work.

Computers and Digital Cameras Are _Devices. IT Means That They 9.

cAN Exchange Information.

3. Continue the favoring statements.

1. ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENTS ARE USED FOR ...

2. You can Find Many Electronic Equipments at home: and that set ...

3. Inside Any Transistor Electric Current Passes ...

4. IN LIGHTNING YOU ATUALLY SEE ...

5. The First Electronic Equipments used ...

6. The Devices WITH TRANSISTORS BECOME ...

7. Microchips Helped to Reduce ...

8. The Latest Period of Industria1 Electronics Development Is ...

9. PHOTOS ARE NO LONGER MADE ON 5-MILLIMETRE FTLM, BUT ...

10. INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS MAKES PEOPLE "S LIFE ...

4. Make Plan of the Text and Retell The Text Looking In Your Plan.

5. Discuss The Following Topics.

1. The Fundamentals of Electronics.

2. The First Electronic Equipments.

3. TRANSISTORS AND MICROCHIPS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENTS.

6. Find and Short Article in English On The Topic of the Lesson in One of the Scientific Magazines or on the Internet. Study and Discuss The Article in Class.

7. WRITE AN ESSAY OP ONE OF THE FOLLOWING TOPICS.

1. The Role of Industrial Electronics in Modern Society.

2. Digitization and ITS INFLUENCE ON PEOP1E "S LEISURE TIME.

Lesson 22 Teht.

The History of Buildings for Many Thousands of Years People Have Lived In Houses and 1IKED ComfortA and Safe Living, Not So Dependent On Weather Conditions.

Mountaineering and climbing Tutorial Ekaterinburg UDC BBK RECE ... »State and prospects for the development of scintillation detectors Collection of reports / Kosice, Czechoslovaki / March 1977. Chekhoslovatskaya Commission for Atomic Energy / Prague 1977 Council economical ...» Technically permissible load on Saddle-hitch: approx. 12.000 kg Load on the axial unit: approx. 24.000 kg Technically Possible Load on the axial unit: OK. 27.000 kg is resolved ... »Architecture of buildings and structures. Creative concepts of architectural activity dissertation for the degree of Candy ... "" Scientists Notes Tom 4, No. 4, 2013 ISSN 2079-8490 Electronic Scientific Edition "Scientific Notes Togu" 2013, Volume 4, No. 4, pp. 272 \u200b\u200b- 277 Sciences, Rainz (Voronezh) OJSC "Concern" Constellation "Associate Professor, TC (in ..." Number of members of the TC: Man. Total members attended ... "

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