What can be seen in the home telescope. Astronomical observations What can be seen in a 200 mm telescope
The telescope is an optical tool designed to observe the heavenly objects. One of the main characteristics of the telescope is the diameter of the lens. The larger the diameter of the telescope lens, the brighter will be the image and the higher the increase can be used when observed.
Take two telescopes that the lens size differs 2 times (for example, 100mm and 200mm), and then look at the same increase in the same heavenly object. We will see that the image in 200mm telescope will be brighter 4 times than 100mm, since its mirror is more in the area and collects more light. As an analogy, two conical funnels with different diameters that stand in the rain can be given, respectively, which is more - will gather more water. For comparison, the lens 70mm of the telescope collects 100 times more light than the human eye, and the 300mm lens of the telescope is 1800 times.
Also from the diameter of the lens depends the resolution of the telescope. The high resolution telescope allows you to distinguish small details, for example, when observing and shooting planets or double stars.
What kind of celestial objects can be seen in the telescope?
1) Moon. Already in a small 60 ... 70mm, a telescope can be considered on the moon many crater and seas, as well as mountainous arrays.
View of the moon in a telescope with a 50-fold increase.
Near full moon around large craters, you can notice bright "rays". The size of the smallest crater, available to 60-70mm telescope, is about 8 kilometers, while 200mm telescope will allow you to see the crater with a size of about 2 km due to the high resolution.
View of the moon in a telescope with a 200-fold increase.
2) Planet. For planetary observations, it is advisable to use telescopes with a sufficiently large diameter of the lens - from 150mm, since their angular size is small enough, and the person who first looks even in 150mm telescope, Jupiter may seem like a small point. However, in modest tools with a diameter of up to 114mm, you can see quite a lot - the Phase of Mercury and Venus, the Polar Cap of Mars during the great confrontations, the Ring of Saturn and its satellite Titan, the cloud belts of Jupiter and its 4 satellites, as well as the famous big red stain. Uranus and Neptune will look like dots. In larger telescopes (from 150mm), the number of details visible on the planets will noticeably increase - these are numerous details in the cloud belts of Jupiter, and Cassini's gap in the ring of Saturn, and dust storms on Mars. The kind of uranium and neptune will not change too much, but they will be visible no longer just like points, but as tiny green balls. The main thing in the planetary observations is the patience and the selection of the correct increase.
Saturn. Approximate view of the telescopes with a diameter of 90mm
3) Double stars. In a telescope, they are visible as a few close stars or one color, or different colors (for example, orange and blue, white and red) - the spectacle is very beautiful. Observation of near-locked double stars is an excellent telescope resolution test. It should be noted that all stars, except for the sun, are visible in a telescope as a point, even the brightest or relatives. This is explained by the fact that the stars are from us on a giant distance, so fixing the discs of the stars succeeded only in the largest telescopes on Earth.
Double star Albireo - Beta Swan. Approximate view of telescopes with a diameter of 130mm
4) The sun. At the nearest to us, the star can already be considered solar stains in small telescopes - these are areas with reduced temperature and strong magnetization. In the telescopes with a diameter of 80mm, the stain structure is visible, as well as granulation and flare fields. Immediately it should be said that the observation of the sun in the telescope without special protection (without an aperture solar filter) is prohibited - you can lose sight of once and for all. When observed, it is necessary to maximize the filter as much as possible so that the random gust of the wind or the embarrassing movement of the hand could not disconnect it from the telescope pipe. You should also remove the crawl or cover it with covers.
Sun when observed with a aperture filter. Increase - about 80 times
5) Star clusters. These are gravitationally related stars that have a common origin and moving as a whole in the gravitational field of the Galaxy. Historically, star clusters are divided into two types - scattered and ball. The largest scattered clusters Available to observations even with a naked eye - for example, Pleiads. Without a telescope in the Pleiads, you can consider 6-7 stars, while even a small telescope will allow to see in the Pleiades about fifty stars. The rest of the scattered clusters are visible as groups of stars, from several tens to hundreds.
Double star cluster H and X PERSEY. Approximate view of the telescopes with a diameter of 75 ... 90mm
Ball clusters The telescopes with a diameter of up to 100mm are visible as foggy round specks, but since the diameter of 150mm the brighter ball clusters begin to crumble on the stars - first from the edge, and then to the center itself. For example, the ball cluster M13 in the constellation Hercules when observing 200mm, the telescope is completely scattered on the stars. In a 300mm telescope with the same magnification, it looks even brighter (about 2.3 times) - it's just an unforgettable spectacle, when 300 thousand stars sparkle in the eyepiece!
Ball cluster M13 in Hercules. Approximate view of the telescope with a diameter of 250 ... 300mm
6) Galaxies. These distant Star Islands are also available for observations of 60 ... 70mm telescopes, but in the form of tiny specks. The galaxies are demanding about the quality of the sky - they are better to watch away from the city on the dark sky. Details in the structure of galaxies (spiral sleeves, dust clouds) become available in telescopes with a diameter of 200mm - the larger the diameter, the better. However, it is possible to study the location of bright galaxies with a small telescope.
Galaxies M81 and M82 in the constellation of a large bear. Exemplary view of the telescope with a diameter of 100-150mm
7) Nebula - These are giant gas and dust accumulations, highlighted by nearly resolved stars. The brightest nebulae, for example, a large nebula of Orion (M42) or a complex of nebulae in the constellation Sagittarius, are available for observations already in 35mm binoculars. However, only a telescope can transmit all the beauty of nebulae. The situation is the same as with galaxies - the larger the diameter of the lens, the brighter the nebula is visible.
Orion nebula. An exemplary view of the telescopes with a diameter of 60-80mm.
It should be noted that both the galaxies and nebulae look in gray telescope, as it is very weak objects and their brightness is not enough for color perception. An exception is only the brightest nebulae - for example, in the telescopes with a diameter of 200mm from a large nebula of Orion in the brightest areas, hints begin to appear. Nevertheless, the type of nebulae and galaxies into the eyepiece is an exciting spectacle.
Sample view of the planetary nebula M27 "Dumbbell" in the constellation of chanterelles on the dark heaven after 250-300mm telescope.
8) Comet - During the year you can see several "tailed travelers." They look into the telescope as foggy specks, and the brighter comet can be considered the tail. It is especially interesting to watch comet a few nights in a row - it can be seen how she shifts among the surrounding stars.
Sample view of a bright comet in a telescope with a diameter of 130-150mm
9) Ground objects. The telescope can be used as a pickle tube (for example, to view birds or the surrounding area), but attention should be paid - not all telescopes give a direct image.
Summarize.
The main parameter of any telescope is the diameter of the lens. However, whatever you choose a telescope, there will always be interesting objects for observations. The main thing is that there was a thrust for observations and love for astronomy!
The starry sky will never stop surprising fans with their mysteriousness, with nothing with comparable beauty and of course, numerous theories and assumptions.
Astronomy is a passion for intellectual and inquisitive, and thanks to modern powerful telescopes, everyone can satisfy their curiosity and carefully consider all the celestial bodies.
We decided to collect all useful tips that can come in handy novice and more experienced astronomers, as well as picked up 5 high-quality telescopes.
How to look at the stars?
We picked up five best telescopes: for children, novice astronomers, lovers, experienced users and professionals, with the help of which it is very easy and pleasant to watch the stellar sky.
The best telescopes
For children: LEVENHUK STRIKE 60 NG
Price: 9 108 rubles
The telescope from Levenhuk can become an ideal study guide for a child who is fond of astronomy. In addition to directly telescope and eyepieces, a detailed manual is enabled. From it, the child will be able to learn about 280 most exciting and interesting celestial objects. In addition, along with the telescope you will receive bright posters with the image of stars and planets, which are incredibly easy to study, and a disc with a virtual planetarium.
Levenhuk Strike 60 NG is very easy and easy to handle, since it is designed specifically on novice astronomers. The tripod is regulated, which allows you to place a telescope on a comfortable height for a child. Levenhuk Strike 60 NG does not require preset, you can use it immediately after unpacking. High-quality lenses with a special enlightened coating allow you to get a bright and contrast image. Thanks to the seeker, who is also included, the child will cope with the search for objects in the sky. The telescope can be used both at home and outside or outside the city.
For beginners: Celestron Astromaster 90 EQ
Price - 17,680 rubles
This refractory telescope is suitable for both adults and children. With him you can observe both earth objects and stars. The Astro Master telescope series successfully combines the quality and set of necessary accessories.
All optical elements of this telescope are made of glass and are equipped with special coatings. It allows not only to consider the most vivid space objects, but also deleted. Celestron Astromaster 90 EQ makes it possible to consider items 13 times less than those that can be seen with the naked eye. The diameter of the lens of the telescope is 90mm, and the focal length is 1000 mm.
The CelesteRon Astromaster 90 EQ telescope kit includes 2 eyepieces, which give an increase in 50 and 100 times. The built-in StarPointer seeker will help identify objects. For a convenient installation, the telescope is also provided with a tripod with a shelf under accessories.
Well, specifically for novice stars included the object-X X X-X program, the database of which allows access to more than 10,000 objects. In addition, it allows you to print star cards.
This telescope is perfect for learning and first steps in astronomy, and does not compare with further study of space.
For lovers: Bresser Messier NT-130/1000 (EXOS-1)
Price - 68,400 rubles
Bresser Messier NT-130/1000 Excellent telescope for observation lovers of heavenly bodies. 130mm is a telescope aperture, and 1000 is the minimum focal length.
This device is equipped with a wide-angle eyepiece Plössl 26mm, which provides a 36-fold increase and allows you to consider the surface of the moon, and the objects of deep space. Lenses made of high-quality glass with a multilayer coating care that the image is clear and contrast.
Bresser Messier NT-130/1000 is suitable for astrophotography - you can attach a mirror chamber to it and enjoy the shooting.
You should not be wrong, this telescope can be approached and beginners, but it cannot be called budget, and specifications, are designed for those who are planning long-term monitoring of stars.
The telescope tripod is made of stainless steel, so it is ideal for outdoor observation. In addition, it is very stable and suppresses vibration, which makes it incredibly convenient, and the surveillance process is quite simple.
Bresser Messier NT-130/1000 is a great choice of astronomy amateur.
For experienced users: Levenhuk Strike 1000 Pro
Price - 50 310 rubles
For those who have long been passionate about space, and prefers more advanced technique, the Levenhuk Strike 1000 Pro will be an excellent choice. With this telescope you can observe both the planets and the objects of deep space located outside the solar system. The focal length of this telescope is 1300mm, so that you can consider in detail the surface of the moon, see star clusters and nebula.
The brightness and contrast of the image provides a lens, the aperture of which is 102mm. In addition, you can install a mirror chamber on the telescope and take pictures of space objects.
The kit, in addition to the standard set of materials, includes 2-fold lens Barlow, eyepiece Plössl 6.3mm, a set of filters - colored, sunny and lunar, and a telescope case.
Thanks to its mirror-lens design, the telescope provides excellent image quality. And with a solid and sustainable tripod, you can use Levenhuk Strike 1000 Pro in nature even on an uneven surface.
For professionals: Meade 8 "LX90-ACF
Price: 219 900
The highest class telescope is designed for real astronomy fans. If you love space for a long time, and looked at the stars through other telescopes - this is a find for you! With Meade 8 "LX90-ACF you can organize a real home (or exit) observatory.
The optical diagram of this telescope is allocated among the analogs - this is a modified Schmidt-Cassegren scheme with a corrected comatic aberration. In other words, the telescope is based on the most perfect optical scheme.
The luminous diameter of this telescope will help to easily monitor the objects of deep space.
A separate advantage that will delight the user is the possibility immediately after unpacking to start observations - the telescope does not require assembly and additional installation or setting.
Meade 8 "LX90-ACF is assembled from high-quality details, what can we say about what a high-quality image you will be able to get from this telescope!
Well, now you can approach the question with the knowledge of the case, armonize the telescope suitable for your purposes and go forward, to the uncharted constellations!
Before talking about what can be seen in a telescope, we will focus on basic information about these devices, as well as their varieties.
In order for the picture of the starry sky to become accessible even at home, it is necessary to choose the optical device correctly. Depending on the quality of the eyepiece, the cost of a home telescope can be in the range from 12,000 to 50,000 rubles.
Diaphragm
This element is the most important characteristic of the home telescope. It is from the diameter of the lens directly depends on what can be seen in the home telescope. Before buying, it is important to pay attention to the specifications of the telescope near its focusing node, on the box or front of the tube. It is desirable that the diaphragm is from 2.8 inches. In this case, you can consider not only badly distinguishable celestial objects, but also small details.
What can be seen in a 70 mm telescope? For example, a painting with dozens of galaxies outside the Milky Way will appear before the observer. But to get the desired result, it is important to conduct observations in the dark, not allowing the presence of electrical lighting.
Types of telescopes
The choice of such a device is a difficult task. For example, for home purposes, starry sky lovers often acquire a 30-fold telescope. What can be seen in such a device? To begin with, we highlight the main types of telescopes available to astronomy fans.
Lens (refractory) devices have a lens located in the front of the tube. They are considered the most common types of optical devices. Despite insignificant operating costs, their price is quite high, directly depends on the maximum diaphragm value. What can be seen in the amateur telescope? Photos obtained using such devices fascinate.
Refractors that with the help of a mirror collect light from the back of the main pipe, have a smaller cost. Among their drawbacks, we note the need for periodic correction - performing optical straightening.
Mirror-lens models that combine two technologies at once, much more compact, lighter by weight. But it is these telescopes that are the most expensive at cost. The most popular structures of the main telescopes are considered:
- Maksutov-Cassegren;
- Schmidt-Cassegren.
Focusing
What exactly on the earthly satellite can be seen in the telescope? The photo, presented below, testify that the furrows and clefts, circus, mountains, crater, all this is available as part of a visual walk through the moon, possible when the telescope handle is moving.
The best time for the observations of the lunar surface in the Astronomer's telescope is considered to be its private phases when it appears in front of us in the form of an incomplete disk or month.
It is during this period that the shadow can be seen on the surface of the moon, allowing to consider much more small parts, for example, on the border of dark and light areas called the terminator. Is it possible to see the full moon period through the telescope? Of course, and even explore the rays light structures that diverge from the part of the crater.
The sun
What is important to know to spend the surveillance of the sun? Specialists warn about the use of safety glasses when conducting such observations. Astronomers warn the fans of the Sun that without solar filters in the telescope it is impossible to conduct observations, since the sun blinds the eyes.
What can be seen in the telescope? The photos received by lovers suggest that the main source of observations on his disk is constantly changing the form. Therefore, looking at the same stain at different times, you can observe its change. In each group, two large stains can be distinguished: "Mom" and "Pope", and their "kids" are located around them. Since the sun is the only object, watching which can be in the afternoon, lovers with pleasure study it with their home telescopes.
Planet
Can I see Saturn in a telescope? Let's try to answer this question. Fortunately, in any telescope you can see the rings of this planet if the Saturn will turn the edge in the process of observations. If there is a telescope with a diameter of more than 10 centimeters, you can observe the cassia gap. You can also see the separation on the inner and outer zone in the rings.
The biggest disappointment for starry sky lovers are observations in the planets telescope. Many of them appear in the form of small "peas", in which it is difficult to consider the details.
Jupiter
This planets in the telescope appears in a flattened form. This planet has acquired a similar form due to rapid rotation around its axis. In addition, you can see the Sweat Planets, which are satellites of Jupiter. They are called Galileevski, because for the first time they were discovered Galileo Galileem.
If you look attentively, then some bands are visible on the disk of this planet. Only two can be seen into a small telescope, and in a good eyepiece an astronomer can see more than six bands. In addition, on the platter's disk to the telescope, the diameter of the lens of which exceeds 10 cm, a large red spot is found, which is considered a giant famous swirl in the atmosphere of this giant.
Interest and observations of different phenomena occurring in the Galileevian satellite system: when they pass on the planet disk, entering the shadow, exit.
Mars
In the telescope, it appears as a small reddish pea having a polar white hat. When performing the observation of the "Red Planet" during the confrontation, when the distance between the Earth and Mars is minimal, on its surface you can see different dark spots called astronomers by the seas. A piece of such spots is visible slightly, and some can be observed clearly. Even dust storms are visible in major telescopes on Mars. The outlines of the seas in such situations disappear from the disk of the planet, as if they erased the usual eraser.
In Venus and Mercury, it will be difficult to detect similar details, but it is on these planets in a home microscope that you can observe phases. If you wish, you can see in the uranium microscope, which has an asterisk shape with a slight disk of weak bluish-green. Also lovers can enjoy the Neptune, visible as an ordinary star.
Multiple (double) stars
Not only those planets are rotated around the stars that are located in our solar system, but also other stars. Their groups or pairs are called astronomers to multiple or double stars. Sometimes they represent a unique spectacle in a telescope. For example, with a close arrangement of two stars of different brightness, different colors, you can get a stunning result. Such stars are available for observations and large, and in small home telescopes.
Star clusters
Under them, it is customary to call the group of stars, sometimes large, and sometimes hardly distinguishable. In astronomy, it is customary to divide them into two types. Some are scattered star clusters, have an indefinite shape, without a certain concentration to the center. The second is star ball clusters - star dense "balls", which have millions of such luminaries.
It is not necessary to acquire an expensive telescope in order to see the huge accumulation of stars. Scattered clusters are quite visible in the form of minor round spots even in small telescopes. If the observer has an appliance with excellent optics, his gaze will open the sea of \u200b\u200bstars, which in astronomy are called star roam.
Nebula
They, similarly to the galaxies, are among the most complex objects when observed in the telescope, since it is necessary to have a dark sky. It is difficult to achieve the desired result in the context of the city apartment. If they see beautiful and bright objects on the color pictures in magazines, then in the home telescope of the nebula, there will be a kind of gray spots that have no small details. Only when using a lens from 200 mm can be calculated on a detailed study of all individual elements of these celestial bodies. Nonn is worth upset by the owners of small telescopes. They have a chance to see: Dumbbell in a chanterelle, ring in Lira, Orion Nebula.
Galaxies
They are giant remote "elements of the Universe." Each island includes billions of stars. Galaxies are difficult to watch home telescopes. Despite the fact that their sufficient amount is available for consideration, it will be possible to see only a plurality of luminous white specks that differ in shape. Astronomers assure that even a small telescope can consider the nebula of Andromeda, distinguish between the galaxies of M82 and M81 in a big bear.
Comet
These celestial bodies suddenly occur in our chaise. "Tailed Wanderers" in the telescope is visible as foggy spots with one, several light tails, which are directed from the sun. Small comets occur periodically in the sky, but bright objects are a rather rare phenomenon. Such unexpected guests are honored to be a detailed study by astronomers, so lovers will definitely learn about the upcoming event, they will be able to see the "tailed stranger" in their home eyepieces.
Ground objects
Any telescope can be represented as a large visual tube. In addition to its destination - the study of heavenly bodies in the starry sky, you can use such devices to study ground objects. In telescopic devices, mostly, it is assumed to create a mirror or inverted image, so when carrying out ground research, you need to use special wrapping prisms. They help to eliminate image defects, turn it out of a mirror view in a straight picture.
Conclusion
Astronomy is an exciting science, which every year more and more fans appear. In order to enjoy at home unique types of starry sky, you must respond to the selection of a telescope. But the correct acquisition of this device is only half of the success. In addition to high-quality optics for visual observation for the accumulation of stars, the planets of the solar system, comets, the experience and ability to analyze what has seen will be required.
An experienced Astronomy fan Even in a small telescope is able to see a much larger number of different celestial objects than a newcomer who, armed with an expensive device, looks into the sky from the balcony of his city apartment.
Professionals are not advised not to be upset by those who just began to comprehend the Aza studies of the starry sky.
So, what kind of celestial objects are available for studying the telescope? Even with insignificant optics, it is quite possible to enjoy the amazing views of the moon. Armed with a 200 mm telescope, astronomers consider crater in detail, the size of which is about two kilometers.
If the plans include the study of the planets, it is desirable to purchase telescopes with a lens diameter from 150 mm. Completely available for study and Mercury, the Polar Cap "Red Planet" during the Great Confrontation period, as well as the Saturn Ring. Having studied the location of heavenly bodies in the starry sky, lovers can easily find star clusters.
Astronomical observations Always cause interest among others, especially if they manage to look at the telescope.
I would like to tell a little newcomers about what you can see in the sky - to avoid disappointment from what is actually visible in the eyepiece. In really high-quality devices you will see much more than it is written, but the price is high, and their weight with dimensions is quite large ... The first telescope for astronomical observations is usually not the biggest and expensive.
Astronomical observations of Mars are an amateur, at most - the polar caps will be able to consider. The change in the seasons and the stains of dust storms are visible only in expensive telescopes and at a good atmosphere.
Observation of the rest of the planets brings disappointment: the most that can be seen in ordinary inexpensive telescopes - turbid little discs (more often just weak stars). But you can always say: "Yes, I saw with my own eyes - there is such a planet, astronomers do not lie."
Neither the legendary "face of the sphinx" on Mars, nor a truly fascinating sunrise of satellites of the planets you will not even see the best telescope. However, during the great confrontations, the pipe does not bring on them - just a crime ... Yes, and just to see from time to time ... Of course, if you buy an expensive apochromatic refractor with a big aperture or a good light filter, then the quality will noticeably increase, but this Not quite for beginners.
In the constellation Hercules - one of the favorite observation objects and an unofficial telescope quality meter on the subject "allows the stars to the center or not."
It does not matter - whether you show something interesting in the sky in the sky, or see yourself - always know in advance that, in fact, to search in the sky today. And most importantly - where exactly. In addition, if suddenly you are planning your vacation with an astronomical bias, then you need to consider much:
However, it all depends on your climate. In the suburbs, for example, the weather does not induce - cloudy increased, and cold. I like it more from the end of August to mid-October - the sky is already quite dark, is not so cold ... Autumn is considered rainy, but in recent years it is often lucky in its first half with precipitation and cloudiness - apparently the climate is changing. Closer to winter, cloudy rises sharply, in November-December, it is rarely removed in the suburbs. More on this topic:
What can be seen in the telescope depending on its size
Back or tell me to friends:
In this section, we tried to collect together the burst information that can be found on the Internet. There is a lot of information, but it is not systematized and scattered. We, guided by many years of experience, systematized our knowledge in order to simplify the selection of novice fans of astronomy.
The main characteristics of telescopes:
Usually, its focal length is indicated in the name of the telescope, the lens diameter and the mount type.
For example, Sky-Watcher BK 707AZ2, where the lens diameter is 70 mm, the focal length is 700 mm, the mount is azimuth, the second generation.
However, the focal length is often not indicated in the labeling of the telescope.
For example Celestron Astromaster 130 EQ.
The telescope is a more universal optical device than the visual pipe. It has a larger range of multiple. The most accessible multiplicity is determined by the focal length (the greater the focal length, the more multiplicity).
To demonstrate a clear and detailed image on high multiplicity, the telescope must have a large diameter lens (aperture). The bigger, the better. A large lens increases the lights of the teleocope and allows you to consider remote objects of weak luminosity. But with the increase in the diameter of the lens, the dimensions of the telescope increase, therefore it is important to understand what conditions and to observe what objects you want to use it.
How to calculate the multiplicity (increase) of the telescope?
Changing multiplicity in the telescope is achieved by using eyepieces with different focal lengths. To calculate the multiplicity, you need a focal length of the telescope to divide on the focal length of the eyepiece (for example, the Sky-Watcher BK 707AZ2 C 10 mm telescope with an eyepiece will give a multiplicity 70x).
Multiplicity cannot be increased infinitely. As soon as the multiplicity exceeds the resolution of the telescope (the diameter of the lens x1.4), the image becomes dark and blurred. For example, the Celestron PowerSeeker 60 AZ telescope with a focal length of 700 mm, it makes no sense to use with 4 mm eyepiece, because In this case, it will give 165x multiplicity, which significantly exceeds 1.4 diameters of the telescope - 84).
Common Errors when choosing a telescope
- The more multiplicity - the better
This is far from the way and depends on how and in what conditions the telescope will be used, as well as from its aperture (diameter of the lens).
If you are a novice astrobimer, you should not chase at great multiplicity. The observation of remote objects requires a high degree of training, knowledge and skills in astronomy. The moon and the planet of the solar system can be observed on multiplicity from 20 to 100x. - Purchase a reflector or a large refractor for observing a balcony or from the window of a city apartment
Reflectors (mirror telescopes) are very sensitive to atmospheric oscillations and to foreign light sources, so in the conditions of the city it is extremely impractical to use them. Refractors (lens telescopes) of great apertures always have a very long tube (for example, with an aperture of 90 mm, the pipe length will exceed 1 meter), so the use of them in urban apartments is not possible. - Buying a telescope on the equatorial mount as the first
Equatorial mint is quite complex in development and requires some training and qualifications. If you are a novice astrothy, we would recommend to purchase a telescope on azimuthal moth or on Dobson Mount. - Buying cheap eyepieces for serious telescopes and on the contrary
The quality of the resulting image is determined by the quality of all optical elements. Installation of a cheap eyepiece from budget optical glass will adversely affect the image quality. Conversely, installing professional eyepiece on an inexpensive device, will not lead to the desired result.
Frequently asked Questions
- I want a telescope. What should I buy?
The telescope is not the thing that you can buy without any purpose. Much depends on what is planned to be done with it. The capabilities of the telescope: to show both ground objects and the moon, as well as the galaxies, deleted by hundreds of light years (only light from them gets to the earth over the years). The optical scheme of the telescope depends on this. Therefore, you must first determine the reasonable price and object of observations. - I want to buy a telescope for a child. What to buy?
Especially for children, many manufacturers have introduced children's telescopes into their range. This is not a toy, but a full-fledged telescope, usually a long-focus refractor-anchromat on azimuth mount: it is easy to install and customize, it will show the moon and planet well. Such telescopes are not too powerful, but they are inexpensive, but to buy a more serious telescope for a child - it will always have time. Unless, of course, the child became interested in astronomy. - I want to look at the moon.
It will take a telescope "For near space." In the optical scheme, long-focus refractors are best suitable, as well as long-focus reflectors and mirror lenza telescopes. Choose the telescope of these types to your taste, focusing on the price and other parameters you need. By the way, in such telescopes can be considered not only the moon, but also the planet of the solar system. - I want to look at distant space: nebula, stars.
For these purposes, any refractors, short-focused reflectors and mirror-lenza telescopes are suitable. Choose your taste. And some of the types of telescopes are equally good for both neighboring spaces, and for long-distance: it is long-focus refractors and mirror lenza telescopes. - I want a telescope that I would know everything.
We recommend mirror lenza telescopes. They are good for terrestrial observations, and for the solar system, and for deep space. Many such telescopes have a more simple mount, there is a computer tip, and this is a great option for beginners. But such telescopes are higher than that of lenzov or mirror models. If the price has a determining value, one can seem to the long-focus refractor. For beginners, it is better to choose azimuth montage: it is easier to use. - What is a refractor and reflector? Which is better?
The telescopes of various optical schemes will help to sound visually approaching, which are similar, but different mechanisms of the device and, accordingly, the features of application are different.
The refractor is a telescope in which lenses are used from optical glass. Refractors are cheaper, they have a closed pipe (neither dust nor moisture will fall into it). But the pipe of such a telescope is longer: these are the features of the structure.
The reflector uses a mirror. Such telescopes are more expensive, but they have less dimensions (shorter trumpet). However, the mirror of the telescope eventually can sweep up and the telescope "will be blind".
Any telescope has its pros and cons, but under any task and budget you can find the perfectly suitable model of the telescope. Although, if we talk about the choice in general, more versatile mirror lenzovy telescopes. - What is important when buying a telescope?
Focal length and lens diameter (aperture).
The greater the telescope pipe, the greater the lens diameter. The greater the diameter of the lens, the greater the light gather the telescope. The more light the telescope gathered, the better the dull objects will be visible and more details can be seen. This parameter is measured in millimeters or inches.
The focal length is a parameter that affects an increase in the telescope. If it is short (up to 7), it will be harder to get a great increase. The long focal length begins with 8 units, such a telescope will increase more, but the viewing angle will be less.
So, for observing the moon and planets, a large variety is needed. Aperture (as an important parameter for the amount of light) is important, but these objects are so sufficiently bright. But for galaxies and nebulaes, the amount of light and aperture is just more important. - What is the multiplicity of the telescope?
Telescopes visually increase the object so much that it is possible to consider part on it. The multiplicity will show how visually increases something that the observer look directed.
The multiplicity of the telescope is largely limited to its aperture, that is, the boundaries of the lens. In addition, the higher the multiplicity of the telescope, the more dark there will be an image, therefore the aperture should be big.
The formula for calculating the multiplicity: f (focal length of the lens) divided by F (focal length of the eyepiece). To one telescope, several eyepiems are usually attached, and the multiplicity of zoom can be changed. - What can I see in the telescope?
It depends on the characteristics of the telescope as aperture and an increase.
So:
Aperture 60-80 mm, an increase of 30-125x - lunar craters from 7 km in diameter, star clusters, bright nebula;
Aperture 80-90 mm, an increase of up to 200x - the Phase of Mercury, the lunar furrows 5.5 km in diameter, rings and satellites of Saturn;
aperture 100-125 mm, an increase of up to 300x - lunar craters from 3 km in diameter, clouds of Mars, star galaxies and the nearest planets;
Aperture 200 mm, an increase of up to 400x - lunar crater from 1.8 km in diameter, dust storms on Mars;
Aperture 250 mm, an increase of up to 600x - satellites of Mars, the details of the lunar surface of 1.5 km, constellations and galaxies. - What is Lens Barlow?
Additional optical element for telescope. In fact, it is several times increasing the multiplicity of the telescope, increasing the focal length of the lens.
Lens Barlow really works, but its capabilities are not limitless: the lens has a physical limit of useful multiplicity. After his overcoming, the image will become really more, but the details will not be visible, only a large muddy spot will be visible in the telescope. - What is the mount? What montage is better?
Mounting a telescope is the base on which the pipe is fixed. The mount supports the telescope, and its specially designed fastener allows not hard to fasten the telescope, but also move it through various trajectories. This will be useful, for example, if it is necessary to follow the movement of the celestial body.
Mounting is as important for observations, as well as the main part of the telescope. A good mount should be stable, balancing the pipe and fix it in the desired position.
There are several types of mounts: azimuth (easier and easier in the setup, but it's hard to keep the star in sight), Equatorial (more complicated in the setup, heavier), Dobson (type azimuth for floor installation), Goto (self-based montage of the telescope, will only need to enter the goal ).
We do not recommend novice equatorial mount: it is complex in setting up and use. Azimuthal for beginners - the most. - There are mirror-lens telescopes Maksutov-Kassegeren and Schmidt-Cassegren. Which is better?
In terms of application, they are approximately the same: short-term space, and far, and ground objects will also be shown. Between them the difference is not so significant.
Maksut-Cassegeren's telescopes due to the design do not have sidelies and their focal length. Such models are considered more preferable to study the planets (although this statement is practically disputed). But they will need a little longer time for thermal stabilization (the start of work in hot or cold conditions, when you need to equalize the temperature of the telescope and the environment), and they weigh a little more.
Schmidt-Cassegren Telescopes will require less time for thermal stabilization, will weigh a little less. But they have sidelies, the focal length is less, and less contrast. - Why do you need filters?
Filters will be needed to those who want to take a closer look at the study object and better consider it. As a rule, these are people who have already decided on the purpose of: near space or far.
Eliminate planetary filters and filters for deep space, which are optimally suitable for studying the target. Planetary filters (for the planets of the solar system) are optimally chosen in order to consider in detail a specific planet, without distortion and with the best contrast. Dartca filters (for long-range space) will be focused on a remote object. There are also filters for the moon, in all parts and with the highest convenience to consider the earth satellite. For the sun, the filters are also there, but we would not recommend without proper theoretical and real training to observe the Sun into the telescope: for an inexperienced astronomer is a risk of loss of vision. - What manufacturer is better?
From what is presented in our store, we recommend paying attention to Celestron, Levenhuk, Sky-Watcher. There are simple models for beginners, separate additional accessories. - What can I buy to the telescope?
There are options, and they depend on the wishes of the owner.
Light filters for planets or deep space - for better results and image quality.
Adapters for astrophotography - to document what was able to see the telescope.
Backpack or carrying bag - for transporting a telescope to the place of observation, if it is distant. The backpack will protect fragile parts from damage and not lose small elements.
The eyepieces are optical schemes of modern eyepieces, respectively, the eyepieces themselves are different for the price, angle of review, weight, quality, and the main thing - the focal length (and the final increase in the telescope depends on it).
Of course, before such purchases it is worth clarifying whether the addition to the telescope is suitable. - Where to look at the telescope?
Ideally, to work with a telescope, a place with a minimum lighting (urban illumination with lanterns, light advertising, light of residential buildings). If there is no well-known safe place outside the city, you can find a place within the city, but in a sufficiently unreasonable place. For any observations, you will need clear weather. Deep space is recommended to observe the new moon (plus-minus a few days). The weak telescope will need a full moon - all the same further than the moon to see something difficult.
Main criteria when choosing a telescope
| Optical scheme. Telescopes are mirrored (reflectors), lenzovy (refractors) and mirror-lenzov. | |
| Lens diameter (aperture). The larger the diameter, the more the telescope lights and its resolution. Especially distant and dull objects can be seen in it. On the other hand, the diameter affects the dimensions and weight of the telescope (especially the lens). It is important to remember that the maximum useful increase in the telescope physically cannot exceed 1.4 of its diameters. Those. With a diameter of 70 mm, the maximum useful increase in such a telescope will be ~ 98x. |  |
| Focal length - how far a telescope can focus. A large focal length (long-focus telescopes) means a greater multiplicity, but a smaller field of view and lights. Suitable for detailed viewing of small remote objects. Small focal length (short-focus telescopes) mean a small multiplicity, but a large field of view. Suitable for observing extended objects, for example, galaxies and astrophotography. |  |
Mount - This is a way to attach a telescope to a tripod.
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Pros and cons of optical schemes
Long-focus refractors-thechromates (lens optical system)
Short-phocus refractors - Achromat (LINZ Optical System)
Long-focus reflectors (mirror optical system)
Shortophococcus reflectors (mirror optical system)
Mirror-LINZ Optical System (Katadioptrik)
Schmidt Cassegren (type of mirror lens optical scheme)
Maksutov-Cassegren (a variety of mirror-lens optical scheme)
What can be seen in the telescope?
Aperture 60-80 mm
Lunar craters from 7 km in diameter, star clusters, bright nebulae.
Aperture 80-90 mm
Phases of Mercury, moon furrows 5.5 km in diameter, rings and satellites Saturn.
Aperture 100-125 mm
Lunar craters from 3 km study Mars clouds, hundreds of star galaxies, the nearest planets.
Aperture 200 mm
Moon crater 1.8 km, dust storms on Mars.
Aperture 250 mm
Mars satellites, details of the lunar surface 1.5 km, thousands of constellations and galaxies with the ability to study their structure.
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