Map of Europe at the end of the 17th century. Antique world maps HQ

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How about printing out a map and hanging it on the wall?

Many of us in childhood had huge wall maps hanging on the wall, carefully hung on push pins. Many hours have been spent painstakingly studying them. New countries and cities appeared before my eyes as if by magic. Someone learned by heart the capitals of states, someone calculated distances, and someone just looked for their hometown, trying to learn more about the world around them. Now they are no less popular, and buying wall maps is not a big deal.

Whether you're going on vacation or want to find a place you've seen on the news, you just have to walk up to the wall and find it. Having returned from vacation, you can trace the entire path with undisguised pleasure by running your finger along the surface. And even carefully mark a winding route with a pencil, so that when you accidentally throw a glance at the wall map, unforgettable moments of relaxation pop up in your memory. Yes, and modern technology allows you to make maps much more colorful and detailed.

Vintage cards

The current wall maps are not comparable to their dull and often torn progenitors. Colorfulness, clarity of the picture, extraordinary detail will make them a real treasure of your collection. Incoming guests will definitely stay with her, and then they will ask with envy where you bought such a lovely thing.

To be honest, from an aesthetic point of view, kats win competitions with many design solutions. No matter how apotheosis they prove to you that such a picture or vase will look good, I assure you, there is nothing more mysterious and interesting than a wall map.

A lot of things change in life. There are ups and downs, but the stability that the wall map is a symbol of always remains somewhere deep in the soul. One has only to hang a map on the wall once and a whole world will appear in your house, not invented, but real. Our world with you, where today there is an incredibly vast Russia, Africa immersed in the heat, Europe expiring with politics, romantic Caribbean islands. But you never know the beautiful places on earth that can easily fit on your wall.

Many centuries have passed since people began to mark symbols on objects that could tell others about their location. The simplest landmarks are trees, paths, rivers, at that time everything was put on primitive maps. Today it is already a problem to find your city on an ordinary globe if its population is less than five hundred thousand people. The maps created by our ancestors are in museums and tell about the history of the development of cartography. But old drawings can tell a lot of interesting facts and make it possible to unravel the secrets of the past.

I doubt that today you can find a sample of a hand-written map with symbols applied by a modern traveler that would identify the population of the country or the people living there. When creating a map today, preference is given to the accuracy and clarity of the borders of states, while losing aesthetics.

But along with the fact that ancient maps are fictitious, inconvenient to use, they are a work of art. Many artists around the world are amazed and inspired by ancient maps and study them with great pleasure and admiration. In our computerized and internet era, there are many different maps to be found. It is very convenient and fast. Collecting cartographic material for many years, today we can provide you with more than two hundred maps, they can be downloaded or printed directly from the site in excellent quality and high resolution. Anyone can do this, be it a local historian, historian, treasure hunter or just a curious person.

Most people use maps to purposefully search for ancient items from our ancestors. Those who believe in the secrets of treasures and treasures can use ancient cards, and maybe luck will smile at them. But we must not forget that an old map can be a wonderful decor in your home. Your guests will certainly be surprised and captivated by this wall design, thanks to which you can learn a lot about your region and about the whole world as a whole.

You can also make a gift and associate it with an old map. For example, a Chinese lover can be presented with an ancient Chinese map that was copied from a stone column in 1137. The birthday boy will certainly be delighted and will remember the gift for a long time. On our site you will find all the cards you are interested in. Get a lot of pleasure from studying them and experience a lot of positive emotions.

A large updated selection of old maps in high resolution.

This is an addition to my post. In short, there are practically none. Everything begins only in the 18th century. And before that, almost emptiness and complete darkness, as well as the complete dominance of foreign cartographers. But, slowly, Russian maps and even small atlases appear. This is the atlas I want to present to you.

The Russian National Library, St. Petersburg, is slowly digitizing its collections. And even puts them on public display .That's where I spotted such a thing as: Zubov A. A new and reliable map of all Europe = Europe / Gryd. Alexey Zubov. [and] P. Picard. - Moscow: Armory Chamber, Workshop P.Picart, . Follow the link to see everything online.
But, apparently, the map was only published, possibly anew, at the beginning of the 18th century. Judging by the way the Kama River, the Vyatka River and some other features are drawn, I can clearly say that these are maps from somewhere in the middle of the 17th century. The more valuable the information that they have.

Link to download the atlas in pdf format.

And these are separate files.

Midnight ocean is cool.

Is it strange, the Atlantic Sea or the Western Ocean?

Today we will talk about old Russian maps. The post will be short. Simply because, in general, they simply do not exist. I have seen thousands, if not tens of thousands, of foreign maps of this period. All the more strange is the situation with our maps.
The first Russian atlas that is in the public domain is Kirilov's Atlas, created between 1724 and 1737. (Download link) . The atlas is not complete, unfortunately, there are not maps of all regions and localities of our country. But this is essentially the beginning of Russian cartography, no matter how strange it sounds.
There is, indeed, the so-called Drawing Book of Siberia (1699-1701), Remezov. (Download link) And also "Chorographic Book of Siberia" (1697-1711). It’s just their dating and correspondence to reality that personally raises a lot of questions for me. For example, I cite a map of Perm the Great from the Drawing Book. All images are clickable to large sizes.

These are the cards children draw in 1st grade. North is on the right (but this is very conditional). In general, in his works, Remezov clearly did not bother with the orientation of his "maps" to the cardinal points. From map to map, they constantly jump on the sides of the sheet. Such concepts as scale, proportion are absent from the word at all. At the same time, maps are already being created in the West, which are almost approaching modern ones in terms of accuracy.
User palexy one excerpt:
I have a map by D.G. Messeshmidt of 1721 (a section of the Ob tributaries of the Tom and Ini), which almost completely copies the map Remezov. The date of Messerschmidt’s expedition is indisputable since there are heaps of documents on it, but here is an excerpt from the diary cited by Nevlyanskaya: “Captain Tabbert went today with the cornet Iorist to an artist named Remezov, in whom he saw a map of the Tomsk district painted with oil paints; he skimmed through it, but found nothing in it that was depicted correctly". (Novlyanskaya M. G. Philipp Johann Stralenberg. M.; L., 1966. P. 36.) .

Well, finally, on this map there are no cities discovered by me and. Hundreds of foreign maps have them, but Remezov does not. Peter the Great in 1708. They are mentioned in. But in fairness, I must say that it was on this map that I found the Molozhek River,.

There is such a Drawing of the Siberian land, compiled in 1667 under the guidance of the Tobolsk voivode, the stolnik Peter Ivanovich Godunov. From the service drawing book of S. U. Remezov (Manuscript Department of the State Public Library named after M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, Hermitage Collection, No. 237, l 31 in a spread).

North is down here. As for Remezov's drawing book, they certainly got excited. As I already wrote, there was no orientation to the cardinal points at all.
And another version of the same card:

There is a more (I wanted to write a perfect one, but this is not so) detailed version of this map on the net. It is also attributed to Remezov. If you look from the point of view of the absence of any scale and proportions, then yes, this is Remezov. But the clear presence of the cardinal points suggests otherwise.

Looking for materials on the city of Velikaya Perm, I came across a small fragment of a map from the server of the Ural State University , which is designated as - Map of Perm the Great. 16th century Reproduction.

Again, North is down here. And there is the city of Perm. There he is, under the word "Cheremis". Unfortunately, the whole map could not be obtained. And where they dug it up there and did not find it.
I saw a few more similar maps on the net, but they are painfully muddy and terribly primitive. That's why I didn't even save them.
And now the most interesting.

Here it is in full size:

Feel the difference? Heaven and earth with Remezov's drawings. Even the parallels are correct. Unfortunately, the resolution of the map is not very high and many small inscriptions are not visible at all. But there are some things you can find out.
Belgorod Horde on the territory of modern Odessa region of Ukraine:

Small Tartaria (exactly what Tartaria) in the Black Sea steppes.

And to the right of it, separated by a border, is a place called Yurts of the Don Cossacks. Moreover, it stretches right up to the Volga, most likely.

By the way, I will give part of one map of 1614 from my post:.

Those. a hundred years earlier, these two areas were a single state. And precisely from his "Tatar yoke".
By the way, earlier it was the Tatars who called the Cossacks. I have about this. There, at the end, it is directly written that the Little Russian Cossacks live on the lands where the Tatar Cossacks used to live. Or maybe they were their descendants. Who knows.

Actually, that's all.

And finally, the Book: Ancient Russian hydrography, : Containing a description of the Moscow state of rivers, channels, lakes, troves, and what cities and tracts are along them and at what distance. - St. Petersburg: Published by Nikolai Novikov: [Type. Acad. Sciences], 1773 . Now it is better known under the name "The Book of the Big Drawing". This is the same map of the 16th, early 17th century, only handwritten. Actually, it is possible that Remezov drew his drawings precisely from such texts.
By the way, there is an interesting passage in the preface:

That's exactly the same thing with our cards. They just didn't exist. More precisely, they probably were. But either they were destroyed, or they lie deep deep in the archives. Simply because there is a completely different history of Russia. Where were the cities rediscovered by me,. By the way, the last one, but this did not stop modern historians from stubbornly repeating that he did not exist.

Yesterday I was told that as many as 10,000 old maps are stored in the archives of the Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences. I still don’t know exactly what kind of maps these are, ours or foreign ones and what centuries, but I really hope that there will also be Russian old maps of the 16-17th and early 18th centuries. My friends are now trying to scan it all and post it online. God bless them all. And then we will learn a little more truth about the history of that time.

Addition :

Today we will look at two Russian maps of the early 18th century from the archives of the Russian National Library. Although the word "we'll see" here is very conditional. I have a very strong desire to put all the leadership of this library against the wall and shoot them with a heavy machine gun. They are saboteurs, not scientists.

Let's see firstA map of the hemispheres of 1713, published by V.O. Kipriyanova. The map is large, but the resolution of the image is, on the contrary, small. Therefore, it is fashionable to watch only very large recordings. Click to open in larger resolution. But something can be drawn from it. Pay attention to Antarctica. She is not. I somehow specifically looked at similar atlases of Western cartographers. There is also no Antarctica until the beginning of the 19th century, when our sailors discovered it. Therefore, if you see an old map where Antarctica is present, then you should know that it was made in the second half of the 19th century. Or later.
I would like to draw attention to the high degree of skill of the then Russian cartographers. . And I repeat my thought - these are not maps, but children's drawings at the elementary school level.

And another map by the same author: The geographic globe, that is, the earth-descriptive one from "reveals four parts of the earth, Africa, Asia, America, and Europe, which is inhabited, and which embraces us from everywhere. By command in the civil printing house of the Summer of the Lord: 1707. In the reigning City of Moscow, by the care of Vasily Kiprianov. Under the supervision of His Excellency Mr. General Lieutenant Jacob Villimovich Bruce.
Its here at this link more or less to consider. But after that, I want to strangle the local programmers with my bare hands, for a long time. You can't steal the whole map from there, so I took a few screenshots from there. And on them, ours is waiting for several interesting discoveries. Namely, the word - "Sarmat" right under the letter M of the word Moscow. And above is visibleOcean Sarmatian.

Here is another excerpt. The Scythian was also added to the Sarmatian Ocean. To the right of the name "M. Moskovsky". I didn’t understand what it means. The word TARTARIA is written in capital letters. Through the "r". Just above the beginning of this word, the names - Scythia are visible. But above the letter "I" in the word "Siberia" the river "Tatar" is visible. Above the word "MOSCOW" it also seems to be written - Sarmatia. Again, why is Russia or Rus' not written? But what the word "Asinsky" means is not clear.

Oh, it was not in vain that Lomonosov wrote in his book:. Brief Russian chronicler with a genealogy, St. Petersburg: At Imp. Acad. Sciences, 1760.

And finally, Description of Europe. The truth is very hard to see. Gaul is written instead of France. There is also some kind of Dacia. Poland is written without a soft sign. At the very end, it seems to be written Yelladu. For information . But Russia is here. And she, as I understand it, is in European Moscow and Tartaria as well as Turks. Or are they separate states on the territory of the continent?

There is a very interesting line in the description:
Drawings: above the hemispheres the coat of arms of the Russian Empire against the background of an ermine mantle supported by archangels with swords in their hands; in the frame of the mantle of the figure of Mars, Apollo, banners and other military paraphernalia;
And here they are. And this is far from an isolated case. by name . And it all fits very well in my , which we simply called the Golden Woman.

If someone can pull out the whole map from here in more or less good resolution, I will be very grateful.

Addition: The world is not without kind people and thanks to the respected prostoyoleg we can see the entire map. True, in the same not very high resolution.

Addition.

And these are separate files.

Midnight ocean is cool.

Is it strange, the Adriatic Sea or the Western Ocean?

And here is the Devkali Ocean. In general, earlier, as it seems to me, slightly different types of water areas were called the sea and the ocean.

Addition .

The Russian National Library, St. Petersburg, is slowly digitizing its collections. And even puts them on public display.
Pikart P. of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania drawing / By decree of his most powerful royal majesty, Peter Pikart grumbled in Moscow; [Cartouche grav. A. Shkhonebek]. - Moscow: Armory, . But the map itself was definitely drawn much earlier. Kiev on it is still part of Lithuania, while according to official history it became part of the Muscovite state in 1667. Moreover, I have a strong feeling that in Moscow it was only engraved and created in that very Principality of Lithuania, in the middle of the 17th century.

Click to open in high resolution.

There are a lot of unknown toponyms. Crimea is written here as Tartaria. As well as on the Russian map of the late 17th century from my main post. And only in the 18th century they began to call Tartaria Tataria. Pay attention to Crimea, In addition to Kafa and Perekop, not a single familiar name. The Baltic Sea turns out to be called East Lake earlier.

Pay attention to how Koenigsberg is called on this map. I climbed into Wiki and found an amazing text there:
Under the name Korolevets (Korolevets) or Korolevets, the castle and the area around it have been mentioned for a long time, starting from the 13th century, in various Russian sources: chronicles, books, atlases. In Russia, this name was widely used before Peter I and, occasionally, in a later period, up to the beginning of the 20th century, including in fiction, for example, in the texts of M. Saltykov-Shchedrin. However, after Peter I and before the renaming in 1946, Russians more often used the German version.
Heh, I didn’t say in vain in my investigation that the Slavs lived there.

In general, if you take a look and compare the map with the official history, then the list of inconsistencies will be more than a dozen pages long. Well, this is a banal matter for our history.

Addition :

There was such a city as Byzantium. Here is his plan

The plan of Constantinople or Tsar Grad, formerly known as Byzantium, of old Vigos was conquered by Mohammed the second of the year of the Lord, 1453, the month of May on the 29th day] / [Drawn by Prince Dimitry Kantemir]; Grydor. Alexy Zubov in San[kt] P[eter]burg. - St. Petersburg: [Petersburg Printing House], .

IN . The French were not too lazy and sorted them all out. The main thing here is that until now some of the earliest maps of areas were considered Kirilov's maps, 1722-1731 . By the way, they are also part of it. There is. And here is a completely new, still generally unseen, cartographic material. And there I found the city of Staraya Rezan.

North is on the left. This, by the way, is one of the signs, as I understand it, of maps of the 17th century. Already at 18, it became a rule to orient maps of specific areas to the north. And before that, cartographers drew them, as it suits them best. The most obvious example is Remizov's maps. There, the north "walks" in a circle just randomly. You will break your brains until you understand what and how is drawn on a particular map. In general, Russian maps of the 17th century, for the most part, are oriented to the south. Like a map of Siberia and the Far East by the same Remezov. At least he is credited with this card.
As for Europe, I will give an example from my old posts - . The north is also not static there. years, everything settled down and took on a modern framework.
I have a very reasonable suspicion that all the maps that we now know were made no earlier than the end of the 17th century. True, according to the old originals, which by that time had simply dilapidated and fell into disrepair. Well, some, of course, were simply faked in the 18-19 centuries. This can be seen from the correct proportions and contours of the terrain. If you look at Russian maps, pay attention to two things. The Caspian should be round and not elongated. And near the Crimea, the Kerch region should be, as it were, chopped off and not stretched to the left, as it is now.

So we see the cities of Kolomna and Kashira. Further along the Oka, the city of Pereslavl-RIzan. And behind him is the Old Rezan. Please note that the old name is the letter "e". Somewhere before the beginning of the 18th century, we almost did not have the letter "I". Therefore, there was, among other things, Eroslavl.
The city of Staraya Rezan has a complicated history. First, it was destroyed at the end of the 16th century by the Tatars, then it existed, along with the new Rezan, as a small village. But already at the beginning of the 18th century it grew to a city. Pay attention to the city icon and a footnote to the map. In this form, it existed somewhere until the middle of the 18th century and then disappeared again. The authorities announced that it was destroyed by Batu in the 13th century. In this format of the settlement, it still exists as an archaeological monument. But there you can still see pieces of temples of the 18th century.
And in 1781, Catherine the Second, renamed Pereslav-Ryazan into simply Ryazan, which still exists. Thanks to her for this. Otherwise, the toponym could go down in history almost without a trace, like the city of Bulgar and Bulgaria. And then Batu, he is like Shurik, everything can be attributed to him.

For our ancient ancestors, the world was often limited to the land that surrounded and fed them. But even the earliest human civilizations still tried to measure the scale of this world and made the first attempts at mapping.

The first such map is thought to have been made in Babylon over 2,500 years ago, and it shows the world beyond the Babylonian realm in the form of poisonous waters and dangerous islands where (they believed) humans could not survive.

Over time, maps gradually became larger and larger as people's knowledge of what lay beyond the Mediterranean grew. With the beginning of the era of wandering and exploration in the 15th century, the concept of seeing the world changed, the East began to appear on the maps, a huge uncharted ocean appeared in the place of America. And with the return of Columbus, the maps of the world began to take on a form that is already understandable to us, modern people.

1. The oldest known map of the world from Babylon (6th century BC). At the center of the world is the Babylonian kingdom itself. Around him is a "bitter river". The seven dots across the river are islands that cannot be reached.

2. World map of Hecateus of Miletus (5th-6th century BC). Hecataeus divides the world into three parts: Europe, Asia and Libya, located around the Mediterranean Sea. His world is a round disk surrounded by an ocean.

3. Map of the world by Posidonius (2nd century BC). This map expands on the early Greek vision of the world to include the conquests of Alexander the Great.

4. World map of Pomponius Mela (43 AD)

5. Map of the world by Ptolemy (150 AD). He was the first to add lines of latitude and longitude to the world map.

6. The Peutinger Tablet, a 4th-century Roman map showing the road network of the Roman Empire. The complete map is very long, showing the lands from Iberia to India. In the center of the world, of course, is Rome.

7. Map of the world by Cosmas Indikoplov (6th century AD). The world is shown as a flat rectangle.

8. Later Christian map in the form of a multi-colored clover leaf, compiled by Heinrich Banting (Germany, 1581). In fact, it does not describe the world, or rather, according to this map, the world is a continuation of the Christian trinity, and Jerusalem is its center.

9. Map of the world by Mahmud al-Kashgari (11th century). The world is centered around the ancient city of Balasagun, now the territory of Kyrgyzstan. This also includes places (countries) that, according to predictions, will appear by the end of the world, such as Gog and Magog.

10. Map "Book of Roger" by Al-Idrisi, compiled in 1154. It was created on the basis of information received from Arab traders who traveled all over the world. At that time it was the most accurate and extensive map of the world. Europe and Asia are already clearly visible, but from Africa so far there is only its northern part.

11. Hereford map of the world of the 14th century by one Richard of Haldingham. Jerusalem in the center, East at the top. The circle in the southern part of the map is the Garden of Eden.

12. Chinese map "Da Ming Hunyi Tu" of the late 14th century. The world through the eyes of the Chinese during the Ming Dynasty. China, of course, dominates, and the whole of Europe is squeezed into a small space in the west.

13. Genoese map, compiled in 1457 based on the descriptions of Niccolò da Conti. This is how Europeans see the world and Asia after the opening of the first trade routes to Mongolia and China.

14. Projection of the Erdapfel globe ("Earth Apple") by Martin Beheim (Germany, 1492). Erdapfel is the oldest known globe, showing the world as a sphere, but without America - instead, there is still a huge ocean.

15. Map of the world by Johann Ruysch, compiled in 1507. One of the first images of the New World.

16. Map by Martin Waldseemüller and Matthias Ringmann in 1507. This was the first map to label the New World as "America". America looks like a thin strip of the east coast.

17. Map of the world by Gerard van Schagen in 1689. By this time, most of the world has already been mapped, and only small parts of America remain empty for now.

18. Samuel Dunn's 1794 map of the world. By mapping the discoveries of Captain James Cook, Dunn became the first cartographer to depict our world as accurately as possible.