Presentation on the theme of the divine pantheon of the ancient Slavs. Presentation on literature on the topic: “The idea of ​​the ancient Slavs about the structure of the world

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Genus

Genus - The parent of all living things and things. Rod gave birth to everything that we see around.
Some scientists consider Rod the most ancient deity, the patron of fertility. Moreover, they see in him the supreme deity, the lord of the clouds, the creator of life on Earth.

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Lada

Lada is the mother of the gods, the patroness of childbirth, women, children, marriage, love, harvest, fertility. Goddess of the Earth. Rod's wife.
Lada was associated by the Slavs with the period of summer fertility, when it ripens, grows heavier, and the harvest is poured. This is a respectable mistress of the house, the mother of a large family.

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Perun

Perun is the main god of the pagan pantheon of the Eastern Slavs. Perun is primarily the god of thunder, thunder.
Perun is considered the patron saint of warriors and knights. He was praised in the days of victory and sacrifices were made to him, wishing to achieve military success.

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Dazhdbog

Dazhdbog - Svarozhich. Dazhdbog was among the pagan Slavs the god of the Sun. His name means - "giving God", "the giver of all blessings."
The Slavs believed that Dazhdbog travels across the sky in a wonderful chariot drawn by four white horses with golden wings.

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Makosh

Makosh - the Goddess spinning the Threads of Fate - in Heaven, as well as the patroness of women's needlework - on Earth. He takes care of women's fertility and productivity, housekeeping and prosperity in the house.
Associated with Earth and Water.

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Svarog

Svarog - God of fire, blacksmithing, family hearth. Heavenly blacksmith and great warrior.
Svarog was the owner and keeper of the sacred fire and its creator. It was Svarog who gave people ticks and taught them how to smelt copper and iron.

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Stribog

Stribog is the god of the wind. Stribog can summon and tame a storm and can turn into his helper, the mythical bird Stratim.
Sailors also prayed to Stribog to give "wind to the sail."

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Creatures and spirits

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Barabashka

Barabashka is found in the mythologies of different peoples, and in particular in Slavic mythology, it is hooligan household spirits. Fill the apartment with strange sounds, steal things; matches refuse to ignite, but boots blaze with a cheerful flame for no reason at all. So the lamb went hunting.

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Beregini live along the banks of rivers, they protect people from evil spirits, predict the future, and also save small children left unattended and fallen into the water.

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Water - the owner of the waters. In general, he is kind, but sometimes he likes to indulge in water and drag a person to the bottom so that he entertains him.
The merman was represented as an old man, bug-eyed, with a fish tail. He is entangled in mud, has a large beard and mustache. Lives more often in pools.

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Brownie is a kind spirit, he is a zealous owner, helping a friendly family. Sometimes he is mischievous, naughty, if he doesn’t like something.
He was presented as a little old man, similar in face to the head of the family. By his liking, he is an eternal troublemaker, grouchy, but caring and kind.

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Leshy lives in a forest thicket. He guards the forest and forest animals. Sometimes he screams in the forest and scares people. Having learned that a goblin lives in some more often, people bypass it.
Leshy's eyes burn with green fire, his hair is long gray-green, his face has neither eyelashes nor eyebrows. The appearance is similar to a man, only from head to toe in wool.

Goblin At the appointed hour of the full moon, On a par with the dark forest, - Says the rumor-monger, - Someone wanders in silence. Whether the sexton will pass on foot, the kennel will pass on horseback, Everyone, crossing himself, says: “The goblin did not go on a spree before good!”

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Ancient Russian chronicles introduce us to the gods, whose cult was established by Prince Vladimir back in 980. These are Perun, Dazhdbog, Veles, Svarog, Rod, the goddess Makosh. In later chronicles, Lada and Lel were added. The most fully preserved mythology of the Eastern Slavs (which include Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians). We find the earliest mention of them in the Tale of Bygone Years (XII century). Ancient Russian chronicles introduce us to the gods, whose cult was established by Prince Vladimir back in 980. These are Perun, Dazhdbog, Veles, Svarog, Rod, the goddess Makosh. In later chronicles, Lada and Lel were added. The most fully preserved mythology of the Eastern Slavs (which include Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians). We find the earliest mention of them in the Tale of Bygone Years (XII century).

With the adoption of Christianity in Rus', paganism and its rites were banned. However, the beliefs of our ancestors continue to live in customs, rituals, holidays, as well as in songs, fairy tales, signs, conspiracies. The Slavs revered the gods of life and death, fertility and wildlife, heavenly bodies and fire, peace and war. With the adoption of Christianity in Rus', paganism and its rites were banned. However, the beliefs of our ancestors continue to live in customs, rituals, holidays, as well as in songs, fairy tales, signs, conspiracies. The Slavs revered the gods of life and death, fertility and wildlife, heavenly bodies and fire, peace and war. At the top of the ancient Slavic pantheon stood the ancestral gods: Rod and Svarog. Svarog created the Earth and populated it with life, and Rod laid the foundation for the existence of man on earth. The rest of the Slavic gods trace their genealogy from them and are called Relatives and Svarozhichs. At the top of the ancient Slavic pantheon stood the ancestral gods: Rod and Svarog. Svarog created the Earth and populated it with life, and Rod laid the foundation for the existence of man on earth. The rest of the Slavic gods trace their genealogy from them and are called Relatives and Svarozhichs.

God Veles is one of the greatest gods of the ancient world. His main act was that he set the world created by Svarog and Rod in motion, breathed life into it. Day began to change night; winter was always followed by spring, summer and autumn; after exhalation - inhale, after sadness - joy. People learned to overcome difficulties and appreciate happiness. This Law of correctness and infinity of the rotation of life was given to people by Veles.

Veles - "cattle god", the owner of the wild. Lord of the ways, patron of travelers. Ruler of the unknown, Black God. Posthumous judge and lifetime tester. Mighty wizard, lord of magicians. The patron in trade, the intermediary in contracts, the interpreter of Laws. Giver of wealth. The patron of those who know and seek, a teacher in the arts. God of luck.

Dazhdbog is the God of fertility and sunlight, the life-giving force of nature. Ancestor of the Slavs. The lion was considered a sacred animal of Svarog, therefore they often depicted either the god himself with a lion's head, or riding a chariot drawn by lions. Dazhdbog is the God of fertility and sunlight, the life-giving force of nature. Ancestor of the Slavs. The lion was considered a sacred animal of Svarog, therefore they often depicted either the god himself with a lion's head, or riding a chariot drawn by lions.

His name went down in history due to the fact that he gave people the third Law of life. The first Law was given to people by the god Rod. Its essence was that life is infinite and omnipresent. The second law of life was given to people by Veles. Its essence is that people go from Darkness to Light, move after the Sun. And the third law of life was given to people by Kolyada. He took people beyond the limits of momentary existence, outlining in detail how time moves and what to expect from it. Kolyada gave people the first calendar.

LEL Lel in Slavic mythology is the god of love passion. About Lele - a cheerful and carefree god of love, the word "cherish" still reminds - to love, undead, pamper. He is the son of the goddess of love and motherhood, Lada. Cheerful, like a mother, golden-haired, he was depicted as a winged baby (ancient Greek - Cupid, other Romans - Cupid).

YARILO Every year in April, the ancient Slavs began a holiday dedicated to the god Yarila, the god of the rebirth of the sun, spring. A red-haired rider on a white horse appeared in the villages of the Slavs. He was dressed in a white robe, and a wreath of spring wildflowers crowned his head. This is Yarilo.

LADA Lada is the Slavic goddess of beauty and love. Mother of the god Lelya and the goddess Lelya. People should be able to love, get along with each other, that's why lovers in Rus' called each other Lado. Mother Love gave her blessing to people for invoking spring, love, peace and peace in the family.

The mother goddess, the goddess of fertility, is associated with the entire harvest, is revered 12-13 times a year (every full moon is celebrated). The goddess of magic and sorcery, the wife of Veles, the mistress of the crossroads of the universe between the worlds. She was the protector and patroness of all housewives. Revered as the Mistress of wildlife.

MAKOSH Goddess Makosh is the goddess of all fate, the eldest of the goddesses, the straight of fate, the patroness of women's needlework. She patronizes female fertility, thrift and prosperity in the house. She is helped to spin the thread of fate by two other goddesses - Dolya and Nedolya.

BABA YAGA Baba Yaga is the oldest character in Slavic mythology. Originally, it was the deity of death: a woman with a snake tail, who accompanied the souls of the dead to the underworld of the dead. It is not for nothing that Baba Yaga plays an important role in all fairy tales: she is resorted to as the last hope for help. Her image resembles a witch.

But still, Baba Yaga is a more dangerous creature with more power than a simple witch. Most often, she lives in a dense forest, which instills fear in people. No wonder her hut is surrounded by a palisade of human bones and skulls. Baba Yaga eats human flesh and is called "bone leg". This old witch doesn't walk. She rides on an iron mortar, which she drives with a pestle, and sweeps the trail with a broom.

WATER In Slavic mythology - an evil spirit, the embodiment of a dangerous and formidable water element. Most often he appeared in the guise of a man or an old man with the features of an animal: paws instead of hands, with a long green beard, a body entangled in mud. In his native element, water, Vodyanoy is invincible, but on earth his strength is weakening.

Leshy Leshy is the spirit of the forest in Slavic mythology. It lives in every forest, especially loves spruce forests. Dressed like a man: red sash, caftan. But the shoes on the feet are mixed up: the left bast shoe is worn on the right foot, and the right one on the left. Leshy's eyes are green and burn like coals. In the forest, Leshy is a full-fledged master, all animals and plants obey him implicitly.

VIY Viy, in East Slavic mythology, a character whose deadly gaze was hidden behind long eyelids and eyelashes. Viy brought the devils to the offender and lifted his eyelids with a pitchfork (they were so heavy and dangerous). The one on whom Viy's deadly gaze fell was dying on the spot.

Kikimora Kikimora is an evil spirit. Kikimora, as people believe, became a child cursed by his parents, a daughter ruined by her mother. Kikimora was usually represented as a small, twisted, shriveled old woman, dirtyly dressed, unkempt. She is so small and light that she never leaves the house, afraid that she will be blown away by the wind.

MERMAID Mermaids are mythical creatures of the ancient Slavs. They became girls - drowned women. There were tree (forest) mermaids, and there were water (river) ones. There were also Mavka mermaids - these are drowned children. They were very small and almost transparent. Outwardly, the mermaids looked very much like a person from above, but below, where people's legs begin, the mermaids began a long fish tail. Mermaids are mythical creatures of the ancient Slavs. They became girls - drowned women. There were tree (forest) mermaids, and there were water (river) ones. There were also Mavka mermaids - these are drowned children. They were very small and almost transparent. Outwardly, the mermaids looked very much like a person from above, but below, where people's legs begin, the mermaids began a long fish tail.