Labor lesson plan-compendium on technology on the topic. Knitting needles for girls, planer for boys: What is wrong with school labor lessons What do girls do in technology lessons

Assistant robots, neuroprostheses, "smart home", 3D design and laser cutting... All this can be "registered" in technology lessons in schools in the near future: the Ministry of Education has approved an innovative concept for teaching this subject.

No, elementary school will continue to work with paper, fabric, and natural materials. But the basics of programming will definitely be added. And from the fifth to the ninth grade, schoolchildren will get acquainted with 3-4 professions every year. "Touch them" in practice.

Do you want to become a furniture designer? Hammer and nails - to the side. Do the calculations, choose the material. Plastic? The parts will be printed by a 3D printer. Tree? You set the parameters for the machine with numerical control - and go to the stool!

So schoolchildren will get acquainted with industrial design, digital modeling and production technologies, nanotechnologies, robotics, electrical engineering and electric power industry, biotechnologies, food processing, "smart home" and "Internet of things" ... Moreover, the lessons will be held both at school and at the colleges, technical schools, children's technology parks, centers of youth innovative creativity. Even traditional training and production facilities may return. But in a modern version.

It’s good if a child can put together a stool or cook borscht. But why should it be part of the curriculum? The subject "Technology" is not like the others: knowledge in mathematics and physics has been updated for decades, and in the field of production, a whole "pack" of new technologies comes out every year. Therefore, the subject must be very flexible, - says Alexey Fedoseev, one of the authors of the subject concept, the head of the WorldSkills Russia junior direction and the executive secretary of the organizing committee of the National Technology Initiative Olympiad. - Today, many schoolchildren choose a profession almost blindly: they do not have the opportunity to see what really awaits them. Therefore, it is very important that in the middle and high school the subject "technology" be connected with modern vocational training. Networking needs to be developed.

How should this ideally work? Let's say there is no metal processing equipment in a regular school. But in the neighboring instrument-making college there is a workshop "welding technologies" according to WorldSkills standards. The guys come to college for a lesson, try "by the tooth" modern machines. Not interested? The next lesson is on a different topic. Hooked? You can keep going to college. Study with a teacher, learn different types of welding and get a grade for it in a school certificate.

The Ministry of Education plans to create one hundred advanced training centers and 5,000 super workshops by 2024. Children's Quantorium will open in every major city in six years. There are 245 technoparks in total, where schoolchildren will master engineering knowledge non-stop: soldering the first board, studying digital printing... Where there will be different equipment: from computers to vibration stands. Where classes will go in quantum areas: robo, cosmo, nano, bio, IT and others.

Small towns and villages will also be included: 16,000 schools will receive new equipment. And 340 mobile "Quantoriums" will run to the farthest corners. These are mobile trailers with the most technologically advanced and interesting filling for children.

It all sounds, of course, now, maybe a little fantastic. But the fact remains that within the framework of the national project "Education" it is planned to spend 253 billion rubles on the "Modern School". More than 70 percent of schoolchildren should be involved in the career guidance and mentoring system. And the subject "Technology" will become its central link.

We abandoned aprons and stools five years ago. The ability to work with a 3D printer or a CNC machine is much more important today than the ability to swing a hammer, says Pavel Okonechnikov, a teacher of physics and technology at the Second Novosibirsk Gymnasium.

By the way, there are five technology teachers in this gymnasium at once. Among them are professional engineers and undergraduate students. Classes are divided into five groups of 12 people. Children work in one direction for seven weeks - 14 teaching hours. Then they change. And so during the school year they get acquainted with a variety of areas: from robots to cooking. Then everything repeats. But at a higher and more technological level. For example, eighth-graders are already calculating the optimal location of electrical wiring and the lighting system in the "smart home", making neuroprostheses that are controlled by the power of thought, doing laser cutting - both boys and girls. The focus is on the principle: let's assemble a robot, and it will work for us. Even the "cooking" module is not just borscht and vinaigrette. All educational cooking equipment is equipped according to WorldSkills standards: combi steamer, convection oven, induction cooker...

We decided on such an innovation, and we were supported. Today our gymnasium is an internship platform for another 17 schools, - says Pavel Okonechnikov. - The program fully complies with the Federal State Educational Standard and implements all the competencies laid down there. Technology is a testing ground for the practical application of various subjects. Physics here can be considered from the position of electric current in wiring or mechanical strength in robotics. Chemistry - in the processes of cooking and storing food. Engineering design is generally solid geometry.

However, the technology lesson is still about the future profession, and not about what you will do at home, experts are sure. The main thing is to teach the child to work in a team, to create their own projects. The subjects "Informatics" and "Technology" are likely to be separated by topic. Perhaps the first will become more theoretical, fundamental, and the second - more applied. Everyone should put in place the updated educational standards that are being discussed at the highest level.

In the meantime, the situation even within the same city is very different. Somewhere else they make stools, and somewhere they assemble robots. The school chooses for itself what is closer to it - the law allows it.

We now have no work in its traditional sense - only computer science, - says Tatyana Suzdalnitskaya, a member of the expert advisory council of the parent community at the Moscow Department of Education and Science. - The school should give what is really useful in the future.

I must say, Moscow has gone far ahead here. The project includes thousands of students, more than 100 schools and about 40 institutions of secondary specialized education. For example, students from the engineering classes of six metropolitan schools study at the College of Railway and Urban Transport. They master the professions "Mechanic for car repair" and "Operator of electronic computers and computers". But the farther from the capital, the less such examples of career guidance are found.

Last semester we only had two lessons a week. We made wooden crafts with a hacksaw, a file, a chisel, - Arkady Postonogov, an eighth-grader from Perm, admits. - Girls are taught to cook.

A hand-made thing is more valuable than a dozen projects and presentations. Once upon a time, chintz balls were held in schools, to which girls came in dresses sewn by them.

The traditional division of labor into "female" and "male" is still firmly holding its position. And this is despite the fact that the only remaining line of technology textbooks for grades 5-9 on the federal list no longer operates with gender stereotypes. But it takes into account the peculiarities of urban and rural schools. For example, if for the former, practical work is proposed to study the composition of dry food for cats and dogs, then for the latter, the differences in technologies for harvesting silage and haylage are offered.

Traditional textbooks for the course "Technology" in the basic school were built according to the scheme of textbooks for the subject "Labor training". In terms of content, these are textbooks on labor training of the 70-80s of the last century. The authors hope that the new manuals will help educate a modern person who will not only master labor techniques, but also have a general idea of ​​​​all technologies for the transformation of materials, energy and information, and freely navigate the world of professions.

Officially

Olga Vasilyeva, Minister of Education:

We are not only building modern new schools, but also improving educational technologies, improving the entire infrastructure of the school, its content. We have almost completely updated the content of the subject "Technology". There is a direction that will allow children to get acquainted with high-tech systems. But we will keep the part that requires the development of manual labor skills. At the same time, thanks to the opportunities for cooperation with leading technology companies in the field of education, the Russian school can get what we need so much - digital classrooms, modern educational developments ... I think that by joint efforts we will achieve results, and our main results are quality improvement education.

Children do not need useless knowledge. They need hands-on experience of real work with real tools. A hand-made thing is more valuable than a dozen projects and presentations. At one time, labor training was the only subject that introduced schoolchildren to production - the material basis of society. At labor lessons, boys and girls received practical knowledge and skills in the process of making real things. In schools, cotton balls were held, to which girls came in dresses sewn by them. Boys made souvenirs for girls and real tools that were equipped with school workshops. The children enjoyed the labor lessons. In surveys, many people named labor as their favorite subject. After the 8th grade, they were psychologically ready to master many professions, as they had experience in using tools. And the skills of precise work with tools are needed by everyone: a jeweler and a sculptor, a dentist and a surgeon, aircraft builders and assemblers of electronic devices. Labor skills are a necessary element of a harmoniously developed personality.

Infographics "RG" / Alexander Chistov / Ksenia Kolesnikova

I have three questions for the community members. Those who want to leave their answers, I ask you to first look at the comments that are posted at the end of this post.

1. Please remember the time of your studies at school and tell me how much the labor lessons that you attended at that time were useful to you in your life (both professional and domestic). At the same time, it would be interesting to understand, if we talk about elementary everyday things (cooking, sewing for girls, sawing, planing, etc. for boys), to whom do you consider yourself to be more indebted to the skills that you received by the time you grew up : school lessons or parents?
2. Can you say how useful (from your point of view) the lessons of labor are for your children in a modern school. Do your children acquire any skills at school that make their NOW life in your family easier for them?
3. If you consider it reasonable to take such an approach to conducting labor lessons, in which children acquire REAL SKILLS that will be useful to them after they start an independent life in their new young family (however, earlier too, while they are still living " under your wing"), please share your knowledge about those schools where you feel this experience is really put into practice.

Now for a few of my own comments.
I want to explain where "legs grow" from. The fact is that I work for a publishing company that produces products aimed at school administrators. And people who were (or still are) directors or head teachers of schools work with me. Yesterday, quite by accident, we started talking about this topic, and as a young father and as an active participant in all kinds of actions that fall to the lot of parent committees, I asked my colleagues the question of how much children are taught in the schools they work in. labor is close to real practice. We had a rather interesting and meaningful conversation. For my part, I was primarily interested in whether boys are taught to work with a drill, saw, plan, sharpen, lay tiles, glue wallpaper, etc. In addition, I was interested in the question of whether the lessons of labor in their schools are somehow connected with the solution of some economic problems that arise in the school and require some kind of repair action. That is, for example, if a class needs to be renovated, is this situation used to demonstrate to children in practice the technologies that are used in the renovation of premises, perhaps, and giving them PRACTICAL LESSONS at the same time. After all, this kills two birds with one stone: the children learn something, and the school saves money on repairs, solving part of the problems at the expense of its internal reserves. Or suddenly, in some toilet, the boys gouged a sink or toilet (this, for example, happened at the school where my girls study), and then at a labor lesson you can demonstrate to some class how to install a new sink, how to connect plumbing, etc. .P. This develops responsibility and a more careful attitude to what is at school. And in general, the school then gradually turns into a second home ..
The main disadvantages of this approach, which my colleagues immediately told me about, are two things (actually related). The first is the attitude of parents to such events. Negative attitude. Because many parents feel that their children are just being used. And in this case, I understand that any kind of carrying heavy loads, cleaning rooms and other similar work can really strain many parents, especially when their child plows, and his desk neighbor does not want to do this. But I hope you understand that this is a different situation. The second problem is that now the school administration must be extremely careful in such situations. In the case of such a non-standard event, such as, for example, the participation of children of a certain class, say, in painting the walls, they are obliged to conduct a bunch of briefings, obtain parental consent in writing and take a lot of other paperwork steps. And it's so complicated that it's much cheaper to hire a painter.
Our yesterday's conversation so stuck in my head that as a result this post was formulated. And now, to be honest, I would like, having received some critical mass of your comments, to formulate some parallel questions to the LJ community director_shkoly where the acting administrators of education sometimes "graze" in order to find out what difficulties such a "tilt" in the teaching of labor involves overcoming.

By the way, I know for sure that in less formalized schools, in rural areas, everything that I wrote about is often natural and familiar. Moreover, sometimes such joint school-housekeeping turns out to be a condition for the survival of the school with the level of funding that it has. And the relationship there between students and teachers is more sincere ..

Thanks in advance to everyone who responds!

Secondary education in Russia is compulsory, and almost all children go through school (with rare exceptions for various objective reasons). Since school years fall just at the age when the main stage of development and formation of the personality takes place, teachers face a difficult but doable task - to teach the sciences and educate a person.

Education and training are two sides of the same process, the purpose of which is the formation of a new personality - free, creative, active and active.

The formation of personality rests on the "four pillars" of training and education: moral, mental, physical and labor. This "foundation" begins to be laid in the school years through the correct and timely influence of the older generation - teachers and parents.

As for the first three aspects, everything is more or less clear here. In the process of training and education, there is an awareness of world truths, an expansion of horizons, a deepening of knowledge; norms of morality and behavior in society are instilled; there is an impact on the development of elementary physical skills, as well as strength and endurance.

The situation is somewhat different with regard to labor training. After all, the very concept of “labor” is interpreted as “work”, and it is associated with difficulties and problems that adversely affect the fragile psyche of the child. This is not true, because the concept labor training for schoolchildren has a slightly different meaning.

What is labor?

Labor is a process of interaction between a person and a person and nature, as a result of which the needs of one's own and society are satisfied. Labor makes a person be active, strive to achieve his goals and realize that his activity is needed and will not go unnoticed.

In addition to the fact that labor activity, from the point of view of physiology, makes certain muscle groups and nerve impulses become more active, it also has a beneficial effect on mental processes. It is thanks to labor that a person experiences a feeling of joy, moral satisfaction, striving to achieve a goal, interest, etc.

The importance of labor in the development of personality is a generally recognized fact.

Labor training and education at school

The inclusion of labor training and education in the school curriculum is an important step towards the formation of a developed society. At school, the child is gradually introduced to independent work (feasible), acquaintance with various fields of activity and functions of employees, informing about the relevance of a particular profession, as well as about the possibilities of earning money in a position (recently, this issue has been of particular concern to the younger generation).

Labor training for schoolchildren is a collective process. It is in this way that you can instill in your child the ability to work in a group, communication skills, and responsibility for the overall result.

Such activities are carried out throughout the school years. If in elementary school collective work is carried out at the lessons of labor, drawing, music, etc., then in middle and high school they are replaced by practical classes in subjects.

The specifics of the student's work

Work at school can be different: water the flowers, wash the blackboard, lift chairs, sweep the office, etc. In addition, the study itself is work for the child. But any activity is feasible for students. Its difference from the work of adults lies, first of all, in the reason for which it is organized - for educational purposes.

At school, not only the formation of the necessary labor skills, but also the psychological readiness of the child to work takes place. This aspect is carried out with the help of games, teaching school subjects, technical creativity, as well as household and productive work.

Career guidance lessons

IN labor training for schoolchildren(mainly high school students) includes career guidance lessons. They serve to:

• inform as much as possible about the possibilities of choosing a particular profession;
• help to realize the importance of this choice.

Such lessons allow the student to get acquainted in advance with the main aspects of the chosen profession, since this is one of the facts of a person's success in society. And, in addition, career guidance can help those who have not yet decided on a choice. This issue is solved with the help of testing and surveys aimed at revealing the hidden abilities and preferences of the child.

Labor training for schoolchildren is an important component of the organization of personality education. It is carried out from the first to the last class, only its complexity changes. Early involvement of schoolchildren in feasible work allows each of them to develop responsibility, purposefulness, communication, and the ability to act in a team. And joy and pride in the result achieved will support the desire to work.

TASS, 15 November. The introduction of the new technology lesson concept proposed by the Agency for Strategic Initiatives (ASI) and the Union of Young Professionals (WorldSkills Russia) will require equipping schools with new equipment and retraining teachers, according to experts interviewed by TASS.

The project was presented in early November on the sidelines of the WorldSkills Hi-Tech Championship in Yekaterinburg. It involves the modernization of teaching methods of the subject and the development of modern concepts by students. Experts note that a change in approaches will improve early career guidance due to the emergence of new directions, however, it is necessary to take a balanced approach to innovation, taking into account not only high technologies, but also traditional household skills, as well as national traditions of a number of regions.

Experiment in Moscow: lessons in technoparks

According to the concept, the new technology lesson will be aimed at implementing projects in scientific and technical creativity, Svetlana Chupsheva, director general of ASI, told TASS. “The technology lesson that we offer is exactly the skills that will be useful to a child in his professional or everyday life. It (the initiative - TASS note) has already been supported, methodological recommendations have been prepared and approved by the Ministry of Education, which will be broadcast in schools so that technology lessons are as effective as possible in terms of developing such skills in children,” she noted.

According to her, technology lessons have already been held in Moscow this year according to the new program. “It is important that they were held not inside educational institutions, but in a technopark. It was very interesting for the children to implement projects in five key areas for three months: industrial design, smart home environment, robotics, and drones. We hope that technology lessons will gradually be introduced in all schools,” Chupsheva said.

Elena Tikhonova, director of the Center for Physics and Mathematics Education at the Russian Textbook Corporation, told TASS that the corporation is ready to develop a new line of educational and methodological kits, taking into account current changes and the concept of technological education.

"A modern textbook on technology can be built on a modular basis. This will provide basic technological knowledge and, depending on the request of the region, the capabilities of the educational organization, the preferences of students to choose an additional module, for example, agrotechnological, robotics, service technologies. New textbooks must be introduced a greater number of different tasks of a developing nature, to acquaint with the development and implementation of various projects, it is necessary to acquaint students with constantly updated types of technologies," Tikhonova specified.

Not everyone is ready. Several experts noted at once that in order to introduce a new concept of teaching, schools will need to be additionally equipped with modern equipment. According to the head of the additional education department of the School of Pedagogy of the Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU) Galina Pavlenko, classes should be built as the development of modern technologies, and one of the promising methods of conducting them will be a game or simulation.

"Schools in the Primorsky Territory in the vast majority are not ready to implement the new concept: they do not have the appropriate material base and a sufficient number of teachers ready to work in the conditions of the new concept. Training of labor teachers in universities in the Far East is not carried out at all. With a change in the approach to teaching it is necessary to ensure the training of personnel for the implementation of the new concept, on the basis of pedagogical universities. At the same time, universities need additional material and technical conditions for the training of technology teachers," she said.

The same opinion is shared by the head of the department of vocational education and science of the department of education and science of the Lipetsk region Natalya Yushkova. “Of course, schools do not have such equipment, because it is not provided for by the authorities, for example, high-level welding machines. But secondary vocational technical educational institutions can show their bases and offer to try to work on their equipment,” the agency’s interlocutor added.

According to Igor Vlasov, Associate Professor of the Department of Professional Education of the Kursk Institute of Education, the introduction of a new concept of teaching technology lessons in Kursk schools will cause certain difficulties, primarily due to a lack of staff and venues.

Regional experience

Some Russian regions are already independently organizing training in high-tech competencies as part of technology lessons. As Tatyana Vasilyeva, First Deputy Minister of Education of Karelia, told TASS, the republic has experience in the interaction of schools, colleges and enterprises in order to enable the student to master various skills and help them decide on their future profession.

"For example, students of school No. 39 of Petrozavodsk, as part of extracurricular activities, received theoretical knowledge at school, then in a college or technical school they practiced practical skills in the modules "Cooking", "Road and construction machine operator", "Welders" and others. After that, the guys visited enterprises where these skills can be applied, got acquainted with a potential place of work," she said.

New approaches to conducting lessons have been used for several years in gymnasium No. 19 in Kurgan. “For example, in the eighth grade, boys learn the basics of robotics as part of a technology lesson. With the help of parents and sponsors, we purchased equipment for these lessons. The course is taught by a young teacher who owns modern technologies. We are currently thinking about acquiring a 3D printer,” Elena Smirnova, director of the educational institution, told TASS.

And in the Bryansk region, teachers are already being trained who are ready to teach modern technologies. “All the technology teachers we train to work at school are able to give students the knowledge of how to model a 3D product on a computer and make it on a 3D printer. They can also give children knowledge in the field of robotics, but so far such enclaves of progressive teaching of advanced disciplines are concentrated not in schools, but in children's technical centers,” the agency’s interlocutor noted.

Balanced Approach

In general, the experts agreed that the concept of teaching technology in a modern school needs to be improved. However, the issue of uniting boys and girls in technology classes, given the emphasis on high technology, caused a mixed reaction.

Grigory Kapranov, Deputy Director for Research at the FEFU School of Pedagogy, believes that schoolchildren need to be prepared for life in a high-tech world, while not forgetting the skills that are needed in everyday life, for example, in the household. “A straight-line change in the system of labor training to ignore the gender principle ... will do more harm than good,” he told TASS.

Abdurakhman Kaimov, Assistant Minister of Education of Chechnya, also believes that co-education of boys and girls in technology classes is not applicable to all regions. “From the point of view of the national mentality, there are moments in the republic that differ from other regions. This is my personal opinion, but co-education in technology in the Chechen Republic is not obligatory. There are things that are supposed to be done by a man or a woman, and these activities should not overlap, although the development of society presupposes the presence of common skills in some matters,” he said.

His position is shared by the head of the committee on education, culture and relations with religious organizations of the People's Assembly of Ingushetia, Maryam Amrieva. “I understand that there is a trend in world development and there is a blurring of lines between women and men. However, a girl should be brought up as a teacher of children and a keeper of the hearth, and boys should be brought up in the spirit of a defender of the hearth, the country and the people,” the agency’s interlocutor said.

At the same time, Kabardino-Balkaria is gradually moving to new standards for teaching labor lessons. “Our schools have already moved away from traditional labor lessons, where boys study separately from girls. We have robotics in many schools, not only boys, but also girls study there. As for teachers for such classes, in some schools they are specially retrained, in some they are recruiting new ones,” the regional Ministry of Education, Science and Youth Affairs told TASS.

In Dagestan, technology lessons are held in different formats. “The new standards for teaching technology lessons do not provide for division [by gender] as such. Now in Dagestan, technology is taught in different ways, since educational institutions themselves have the right to decide, in most schools there are combined lessons, somewhere else," Larisa Abramova, head of the general and vocational education department of the Ministry of Education and Science of Dagestan, told TASS.

If for another ten years not a single school could do without a labor lesson, today many consider this subject to be “morally obsolete”. Is this true, and do modern schoolchildren need such classes?

So, according to their views on the existing education system, parents were divided into two groups. The first included those people who believe that labor lessons will not teach their children anything useful, so it is best to devote this study time to another activity, for example, a lesson in English, mathematics, computer science, or even economics. But another group of parents are sure that “you can’t even pull a fish out of a pond without difficulty”, that is, such lessons are not only useful, but also informative for schoolchildren of all ages. That is, the child learns to work, to show his thinking and ingenuity, as well as to realize himself in another area of ​​life. To understand for yourself whether labor lessons are needed at school, it is worth remembering what girls and boys do at them.

As I remember from the school curriculum, girls in such classes sew a skirt and an apron, knit booties and socks, embroider with a cross and stitch, and also get acquainted with the basics of cooking. In addition, they prepare a sweet table with their own hands, and then invite classmates to a friendly tea party. In general, this is very interesting, but the main thing is that young ladies not only get a lot of positive things from the work done, but also comprehend new knowledge that will definitely be useful to them in their future life and motherhood.

As for the boys, they always find a fascinating activity, for example, working with wood, making crafts and souvenirs, the basics of carpentry and minor home repairs. Every boy surely remembers how he made an original flower vase from a tin can, a planter from old records and a real kitchen stool with his own hands.

There are a lot of impressions, but the main thing is that such a future man will be able to hammer at least a nail in his house, and this, as you know, is not so little. Having studied all these school memories, many parents come to the conclusion that labor lessons are still informative for every student, whether it be a boy or a girl. But, nevertheless, each person must choose for himself what he wants to do in the future - physical and intellectual activities, but just such lessons helped him set his life priorities and try himself in every business.

The most amazing thing is that today physical labor has given way to intellectual labor, and the once exciting lessons of labor have now been replaced by a new subject “technology”. This innovation focuses on introducing the child to the computer, as well as obtaining basic skills in work. Of course, we live in a world of scientific progress, but this is not a reason to forget about the past no less entertaining classes at school. In order to finally decide whether it is worth studying such a subject as “labor” at school, he recommends carefully studying all its advantages and disadvantages, and based on the information received, draw appropriate conclusions. Of course, few people care about the opinion of children in a school institution. However, this is a fundamentally wrong approach, because the child, being a full-fledged personality, can independently make his choice.

So, among the significant advantages, it is necessary to remember that work allows children to at least a little distract from the school curriculum and relax mentally, because, as you know, memorizing rules, solving examples and equations, as well as reading large texts simply exhaust the child’s psyche, requiring at least a short pause . In addition, work contributes to the development of fantasy, abstract thinking and memory, and also allows you to get your hand in a certain occupation and gain valuable life skills. This subject noticeably raises the spirit of collectivism and unites the class morally, because it is so interesting to work together and provide each other with overwhelming help.

Also, do not forget that such lessons are always noisy and fun, and this is not surprising, because each student simply offers numerous ideas, showing imagination and ingenuity. In addition, students develop a love and attachment to work, and this will certainly come in handy in life. Many attentive mothers notice that their child is a creative person who strives to make unique things with their own hands, and, as you know, labor lessons at school reveal such potential. Among the advantages, it is also worth highlighting the knowledge of something new, and such a unique experience allows the child to grow above himself, realizing himself in new areas of life. So it is simply impossible to overestimate the benefits of labor, although, again, not all parents think so.

As for the shortcomings of the so-called "labor education", it should not be denied - they really exist. Firstly, today there are no longer those qualified specialists who instilled in children a love for work. Now such teachers only turn children away from this subject, as a result of bad behavior and regular absenteeism, which entail satisfactory grades. Secondly, the program proposed by the teacher is not always interesting for children, especially if classes for girls and boys are combined and, due to the lack of proper premises, are held in the same class. Thirdly, the lack of equipment necessary for the lessons, and the theory is enough for children in other lessons. This is where all the disadvantages of labor end, however, the advantages of such activities are still much greater.

If we face the truth, then we can safely say that it is not economically profitable to conduct labor lessons. the fact is that all the equipment used, either due to the expiration of its service life, simply failed, or became obsolete for children living in the era of nanotechnology. As a rule, the school does not have sufficient funding to purchase new machines, devices and mini-workshops, so they have to save money, and replace the labor lesson with technology. Parents, as a rule, do not interfere with such innovations, since they are sincerely glad that their offspring has the opportunity to additionally engage in mental work, mastering the work with a computer.

Today, a huge number of schools have abandoned labor lessons, sincerely believing that such classes are just a waste of children's time and nothing more. There are many reasons for such a refusal, for example, in private schools this is an initiative of parents who want the emphasis in teaching their children to be placed precisely on mental development. As for educational schools, the meager budget itself dictates its own rules, because it is clear that the maintenance of machine tools, the cost of purchasing materials, and even the salary of a teacher are all those expenses that not every school can handle. Also, many directors are afraid that the inexperience of schoolchildren can lead to increased injuries, and such a reputation for any school is certainly useless.

There are not many parents who would try to return the labor development of children to schools, because this requires money and free premises. Of course, such questions are raised more than once at parent meetings, but the matter does not go beyond loud statements and eloquent slogans. Often the director passes the initiative into the hands of the parent committee, however, on a voluntary basis, it is also not possible to return work to the school. If earlier children were very upset because of the lack of such lessons, today it is a joy for them, because you can skip a lesson or do something more interesting.

One way or another, labor lessons in elementary school must be. Why? The fact is that physical activity trains fine motor skills of the fingers, and, as you know, it is these parts of the body that transmit signals to the brain, that is, by attending such lessons, the child develops and grows above himself. That is why many parents, sending their child to first grade, are keenly interested in whether the chosen school has labor lessons that are valuable for child development. If there are any, then there is no doubt that they will certainly interest the not yet spoiled schoolboy who is striving for new knowledge.

What valuable elementary school students get from the lessons of labor at school? Firstly, they solve developmental tasks that can train technical and visual-figurative thinking, independence, creativity, spatial imagination, memory, and even speech of a child. Secondly, didactic tasks are provided that teach how to work with reference literature and the attached instructions for a particular product. Thirdly, educational tasks teach to be neat, thrifty and tidy, which in the future may also come in handy more than once. The solution of such tasks at each lesson forms a personality, so there will certainly be no harm from a labor lesson to a child.

Every parent must understand that the child must grow up comprehensively developed in order to be able to adapt in time in all life situations. This is not so little, because not always mom and dad will be there, and one day you still have to enter adulthood with all its surprises and surprises. However, one way or another, the choice is up to adults, because only they can decide which school to send their child to.

Labor lessons today are not available in every school, therefore, when determining your child in the first grade, you should ask the director if the school curriculum provides for labor education lessons.