What is the origin of the population. What is the origin of the population of South America? Descendants from marriages of Europeans and Indians are called
In science, there are several hypotheses for the settlement of the continent. South America is the homeland of ancient civilizations. The first who erected magnificent palaces and temples on American soil, created a complex and amazing culture, were not the Aztecs, not the Incas, and not the Mayans. More than 3 thousand years ago, the Olmec cities flourished on the territory of Mexico. They, according to the assumptions of scientists, are the ancestors of the first Maya. Almost 2 thousand. years ago, the Maya invented hieroglyphic writing, they are known as wonderful astronomers.
The first people came to the Andes through the Isthmus of Panama, they did not know agriculture, so they were mainly engaged in gathering, hunting and fishing. Many years later, they domesticated wild corn, began to make dishes, domesticated guanacos - close relatives of camels.
Long before the appearance of the famous Inca empire, powerful states existed on the slopes of the Peruvian Andes - Chavin, Paracas, Mochica. The center of the Chavin state was 462 km from Lima at an altitude of 3180 m above sea level.
The development of the Incas can only be traced back to 1438. Before the Spanish conquest, the Inca ruler Pachacutec turned his state into a huge powerful empire that stretched 5,000 km from the south of modern Colombia to the north of Chile and Argentina. They called their country Tauantinsuya (Four cardinal points), believing that the still unconquered lands would eventually obey them.
Aymara, skilled weavers and reed boat builders, wove floating islands from totora reeds for their villages on Lake Titicaca.
The Indians put up desperate resistance to the Spanish and Portuguese conquerors, but they were defeated and subjected to ruthless destruction. Indigenous population until now it has survived only in the most inaccessible areas of the mainland - in the Amazonian selva (Bororo, Guahibo, Botokuda peoples), in the north of the Pacific equatorial forests (Choco, Embera) and in the mountain “bear corners” (Motilons, Arawaks, Yagans).
The conquistadors, led by Francisco Pizarro, completely captured the Central Andes for 10 years, forcing the Indians to work for themselves. Almost all of South America was divided between Spain and Portugal. According to the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494, only northeastern extremity South America, and to Spain - all other lands. The local people waged a liberation struggle against colonial dependence. Simon Bolivar led the rebel army and liberated Venezuela, Peru and other countries from the Spanish colonialists. Therefore, one of the liberated territories was named Bolivia.
Currently, representatives of all three races of humanity live in South America. Among the population of the mainland there was a mixture of races, languages, traditions, customs. The composition of the population has become extremely complex. 3 Like Complain
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In science, there are several hypotheses for the settlement of the continent. South America is the homeland of ancient civilizations. The first who erected magnificent palaces and temples on American soil, created a complex and amazing culture, were not the Aztecs, not the Incas, and not the Mayans. More than 3 thousand years ago, the Olmec cities flourished on the territory of Mexico. They, according to scientists, are the ancestors of the first Maya. Almost 2 thousand. years ago, the Maya invented hieroglyphic writing, they are known as wonderful astronomers.
The first people came to the Andes through the Isthmus of Panama, they did not know agriculture, so they were mainly engaged in gathering, hunting and fishing. Many years later, they domesticated wild corn, began to make dishes, domesticated guanacos - close relatives of camels.
Long before the appearance of the famous Inca empire, powerful states existed on the slopes of the Peruvian Andes - Chavin, Paracas, Mochica. The center of the Chavin state was 462 km from Lima at an altitude of 3180 m above sea level.
The development of the Incas can only be traced back to 1438. Before the Spanish conquest, the Inca ruler Pachacutec turned his state into a huge powerful empire that stretched 5,000 km from the south of modern Colombia to the north of Chile and Argentina. They called their country Tauantinsuya (Four cardinal points), believing that the still unconquered lands would eventually obey them.
Aymara, skilled weavers and reed boat builders, wove floating islands from totora reeds for their villages on Lake Titicaca.
The Indians put up desperate resistance to the Spanish and Portuguese conquerors, but they were defeated and subjected to ruthless destruction. The indigenous population has survived to this day only in the most inaccessible areas of the mainland - in the Amazonian selva (Bororo, Guahibo, Botokuda peoples), in the north of the Pacific equatorial forests (Choco, Embera) and in the mountain “bear corners” (Motilons, Arawaks, Yagans).
The conquistadors, led by Francisco Pizarro, completely captured the Central Andes for 10 years, forcing the Indians to work for themselves. Almost all of South America was divided between Spain and Portugal. According to the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494, only the northeastern tip of South America was transferred to Portugal, and all other lands to Spain. The local people waged a liberation struggle against colonial dependence. Simon Bolivar led the rebel army and liberated Venezuela, Peru and other countries from the Spanish colonialists. Therefore, one of the liberated territories was named Bolivia.
Currently, representatives of all three races of humanity live in South America. Among the population of the mainland there was a mixture of races, languages, traditions, customs. The composition of the population has become extremely complex. 3 Like Complain
Think back from what you learned earlier. What is the origin of the population of modern South America? Why is there a high population density in the west of the mainland, in the Andes: after all, in the mountains, as a rule, the population is rare? What criteria can be used to group the countries of South America? Peculiarities geographic location and the nature of Brazil? Features of the Brazilian population? Economic activity population of Brazil?
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Are the following statements about the characteristics of the population of South America true:a) the population of South America is evenly distributed throughout the territory, b) most of the population speaks English.
a) only a is true, b) only b is true, c) both are true, d) both are not true.
I think both are not true, because the population is not evenly distributed, but Spanish and Portuguese are spoken.
population North America... What conclusion can be drawn from the analysis of this table?
Regions: Population, mln.
Asia 3905
Africa 906
Europe (including Russia) 728
North America 492.9
South America 350.7
Australia and Oceania 33
3 = Quiet - from the east, Atlantic - from the west
4 = Atlantic - from the east, Indian - from the west
2.In places where the South American Platform rises,...
1 = lowlands
2 = plateau
3 = high mountains
4 = medium high mountains
3. The most intense action of the internal forces of the Earth is manifested within ...
1 = Brazilian Highlands
2 = Guiana Highlands
4 = Amazonian lowland
4. Moisture to most of the mainland comes from ... the ocean
2 = Atlantic
3 = Indian
4 = Arctic
5. The formation of large river systems is facilitated by ... the mainland
1 = soils and vegetation
2 = vegetation and climate
3 = climate and relief
4 = relief and wildlife
6.The lowest position of the snow line in the Andes is characteristic of ... part of the mountains
1 = north
2 = central
4 = eastern
7.Llanos occupies mainly the territory ...
1 = Amazonian lowland
2 = La Plata lowland
3 = Orinok Lowland
4 = Guiana Highlands
8. By the beginning of European colonization, the tribes that lived ...
1 = in the Amazon
2 = on the Brazilian Highlands
4 = in Patagonia
9. Extreme South point the mainland was reached by the expedition ...
1 = Christopher Columbus
2 = Amerigo Vespucci
3 = Fernand Magellan
4 = Alexander Humboldt
10.In the colonization of the mainland, the most Active participation took ...
1 = England and France
2 = France and Holland
3 = Holland and Spain
4 = Spain and Portugal
11 Descendants from marriages of Europeans and Indians are called ...
12In most countries in South America the state language counts...
1 = Portuguese
2 = English
3 = Spanish
4 = French
13 South America is home ...
Answer1 = wheat, banana, cotton
Answer2 = tomato, tobacco, potato
Answer3 = grapes, pumpkin, sugarcane
Answer4 = millet, beans, coffee
14. The majority of the population of South America professes ...
1 = orthodoxy
2 = Catholicism
1. What is the origin of the population of modern South America?
A man came to the territory of South America from North America, where he came from Asia along the isthmus, which existed in the area of the present Bering Strait. These people became the ancestors of the Indian tribes who inhabited the entire continent. Some of them, upon the arrival of Europeans, were at a primitive level of development, others had a developed culture, agriculture, and crafts. With the discovery of South America, the Spaniards and Portuguese rushed to the mainland. In the 16th and 19th centuries, slaves were brought from Africa to work on plantations. At the beginning of the 20th century, representatives of other peoples massively migrated to the mainland: Italians, Germans, Russians, Ukrainians, Chinese.
2. Why is there a high population density in the West of the mainland in the Andes: after all, in the mountains, as a rule, the population is rare?
There are two reasons for this. Firstly, in the mountainous regions of the Andes more favorable conditions for agriculture: moderate temperatures, sufficient rainfall. Secondly, during the colonization by Europeans, many tribes were driven out of their territories and went to more inaccessible areas, which were mountains.
3. On what grounds can the countries of South America be grouped?
The countries of South America can be grouped according to the following criteria:
1. By area(the largest are Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Colombia, Bolivia).
2. By population(the largest are Brazil, Colombia, Argentina).
3. By geographic location:
a) seaside - Brazil, Argentina;
b) inland - Bolivia, Paraguay.
4. By form administrative structure:
unitary and federal.
5. By the level of economic development:
a) newly industrialized countries (Argentina, Brazil);
b) oil-producing countries (Venezuela, Ecuador);
4. Explain the origin of the names of 3-4 countries of the mainland.
The word "Brazil" comes from the name of the cesalpinia tree, which is pau-brazil in Portuguese. The second part of this word - "brazil" - translates as "scarlet, like burning coals", and it came from the Latin word "Brasa" - "embers, red ash, heat." There is another version of the origin of the name of the country, less common. In Irish myths, the mysterious island of High Brasil, or O'Brazil, is mentioned somewhere in the vastness. Atlantic Ocean... Supporters of this version claim that the ancient Celts sailed to Brazil long before Columbus discovered America, but there is no information about such travels.
Argentina - from the Latin "Argentum" (silver). Merchants used the Argentine Rio de la Plata (Silver River) to transport silver and other treasures from Peru. The land was downstream and became known as Argentina (Land of Silver).
Peru. The name of the country has many versions of its origin. It is believed that this name was given by the first Spanish conquerors. Possibly from the Biru River in present-day Ecuador. Others believe that the name of the country comes from the Indian language, in which Peru means "land of fertility". Another version - the name comes from the Quechua word "Pirua", which means a large ear of corn.
Chile. According to one theory, the name came from the language of the Aymaru tribe inhabiting the country and means "the place where the land ends." According to the other - in the Quechua language - the end of the world or the end of the world.
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