Climate table of South America. South America: geographical position and climate

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Climate of South America

From the side of the South Atlantic maximum in the direction of the heated mainland, the winds of a monsoon character blowing the rains to the southeastern outskirts of Brazilian Highlands and La Platus lowland. Most of the west coast, ranging from 30 ° and almost to the equator, is under the influence of the eastern periphery of the South Pacific maximum and does not receive precipitation. Only the portion of the coast north of the Gulf Guayaquil is experiencing the effects of equatorial air masses and irrigated with abundant rains.

In the extreme south of the mainland from the West comes the wet ocean air, the coast of the Pacific Ocean and especially the Western Blinds of the Andes receive a large number of The precipitation, and the Patagonian plateau, under the guise of the Andes and washed from the east with the Cold Falkland current, becomes the center of formation relative to dry continental air masses of moderate latitudes.

In July all northern part The mainland is under the influence of wet equatorial air, brought by the south-western monsoon, and no less wet marine tropical air coming from the Atlantic Ocean (see Fig. 9).

A high pressure is established above the Brazilian highlands and dry weather prevails due to moving to the north of the tropical maximum of the southern hemisphere. Only the south-eastern outskirts of Highlands falls under the influence of the South-Eastern Passat, coming directly from the Atlantic Ocean, and gets significant, albeit less than in summer, the amount of precipitation.

In subtropical and moderate latitudes of the southern hemisphere dominates western transfer And cyclonal rains fall out. Patagonia remains the center of the formation of relatively dry and cold air, which sometimes breaks down to the north up to the Amazon lowland, causing significant decrease in temperature (Fig. 82).

Fig. 82. Average air temperature in South America at the level ground surface in July

Above the central part of the Pacific coast from 30 ° Yu.Sh. Almost to the equator, in July, as in January, the southern and south-western winds, which are parallel to the waters of the Cold Peruvian current prevail. The low inversion level prevents the rainfall on the Pacific coast in these latitudes. Only on the northern coast, where the Passat moves to the southwest monsoon, a significant amount of precipitation falls.

South America is located its main part within equatorial, both subexvatorial and southern tropical Climatic belts. In the extreme south, it enters the subtropical and moderate belt.

Equatorial climatic belt In South America, covers all Amazon lowland (except for the eastern part and the extreme south), adjacent parts of the Guiangic Highlands and the lowland of Orinoco, as well as the Pacific coast north of the equator. For this, the belt is characterized by abundant precipitation and a uniform high temperature (24 ... 28 ° C) throughout the year. The annual amounts of precipitation range from 1,500 to 2500 mm, and on the slopes of the Andes and on the Pacific coast, the amount of precipitation increases to 5000 - 7000 mm per year (Fig. 83).

Fig. 83. The average annual precipitation in South America

Precipitation In this area throughout the year, the southern and south-western winds bring, their large amounts are explained by the orographic reasons. In the Amazon lowland, the bulk of precipitation falls due to convective processes in the equatorial air masses. Abundant sediments are much higher than evaporation, due to the entire year a high moisture coefficient (everywhere much more than 100%).

All north South America, including the original lowland, the coast of the Caribbean, a significant part of the Guiangic Highlands and the Gwiank lowland, is located in sub-screen zone Northern hemisphere. The South Hemisphere's sub-screen belt includes the North of Brazilian Highlands and the southern part of the Amazonian lowland, as well as a part of the Pacific coast from the equator to 4-5 ° Yu.Sh. In the east, the subeequatorial belts of the Northern and South Hemispheres are connected. A distinctive feature of a subequatorial climate - seasonality in the distribution of precipitation - expressed in this territory quite clearly. In the southern hemisphere - on Brazilian Highlands, in the south of Amazonian lowland and in the lower course of Amazon - the rain period related to the action of the equatorial monsoon lasts about from December to May, and its duration increases to the equator. In the north, the rainy period continues from May to December. In winter, during the action of Passats, the precipitate does not fall out. Only on the northern segment of the coastal part of Brazilian Highlands, where the trade winds, coming from the warm ocean, meet on their way of the mountain, rains are in winter time.

The highest temperature in the transition period between the end of the dry and the beginning of the wet season, when the average monthly temperature rises to 28 ... 30 ° C. At the same time, the average temperature is not below 20 ° C.

Within limits tropical climatic belt South America enters only the southern hemisphere. The East and South-East of Brazilian Highlands are located in the field of a wet trade in the climate, where the sediments bring streams of tropical air from the side of the Atlantic throughout the year. Lifting through the slopes of the mountains, the air leaves a large amount of moisture on the windward side. According to the precipitation regulation and moisturization, this climate is close to the climate of the Amazon lowland, but is characterized by more significant temperature differences between the most hot and the most cool months.

In the inner parts of the mainland within the tropical belt (Gran-Chalo plain), the climate is arid, with a summer high precipitation and a sharply pronounced dry winter period. According to the precipitation mode, it is close to the subequatorial, but differs from it with sharp drops of temperature, especially in winter, smaller precipitation and insufficient moisture.

The coast of the Pacific Ocean between 5 and 30 ° Yu.Sh. characterized climate coast deserts and semi-desert. This climate is most pronounced in the Atakama desert, which is under the influence of the eastern periphery of the Pacific maxima and the temperature inversions created by a constant inflow of relatively cold air from high latitudes and cold water of a powerful peruvian flow. With relative humidity of air to 80% of precipitation falls very little - there are only a few millimeters per year. Some compensation of almost complete lack of rains serve abundant dews falling on the coast in winter. The temperature even the hottest months rarely exceeds 20 ° C, and seasonal amplitudes are small.

South of 30 ° Yu.Sh. South America enters the limits subtropical climatic belt.

Southeast of the mainland (southern outfit of Brazilian Highlands, Pool of Lower Uruguay, Mezhdrachye Parana and Uruguay, east End Pamppa) is characterized evenly wet subtropical climat. In the summer, the northeastern winds of a monsoon nature bring moisture, in winter, the precipitation falls due to cyclonic activities in the polar front. Summer in these areas is very roast, winter is soft, with average monthly temperatures about 10 ° C, but there are temperature drops significantly below 0 ° C in connection with the invasions of the cold air masses from the south.

For intramatic areas of subtropical belt (Western Pamppa) is characteristic arid subtropical climates. Moisture from the Atlantic Ocean goes there a little, and precipitation (no more than 500 mm per year), falling out in the summer, have mainly convective origin. Throughout the year there are sharp fluctuations in temperature and frequent lowering them in winter below 0 ° C at a mean monthly temperatures of 10 ° C.

On the Pacific Coast from 30 to 37 ° Yu.Sh. climate subtropical, with dry summer. Under the influence of the Eastern Periphery of the Pacific Maximum Summer there is almost innocent and non-suckful (especially on the coast). Winter soft and rainy. Seasonal amplitudes of temperature are insignificant.

IN moderate belt (south of 40 ° Yu.Sh.) is the narrowest part of South America. In Patagonia there is a center for the formation of continental air of moderate latitudes. The sediments in these latitudes bring Western winds, the way to the Patagonia is blocking Andes, therefore, the amount does not exceed 250-300 mm. In winter there are severe cold due to the penetration of cold air from the south. Frosts in exceptional cases reach -30 ...- 35 ° C, however, the average monthly temperatures are positive.

South America - Mainland, located in the western hemisphere of our planet. It intersects the equator line and divides this continent into two parts. One part (the greatest) - refers to the southern hemisphere, and the second (smallest) - to the northern hemisphere.

The mainland ranks 4th among the continents on its area - 17,840,000 km². On its territory, including the adjacent islands, there are 15 states, three of which are dependent. By clicking on the link, you can see a detailed list of South America countries in the table with capitals and characteristics. The population is about 400 million people.

In the West, the continent is washes by the Pacific Ocean, in the East - the Atlantic Ocean, in the north - the Caribbean Sea, which is the frontier between North America and South America.

The extreme points of the mainland South America

Northern Point - Cape Galinkas Located in Colombia on the shore Caribbean.

South (Mainland) Point - Cape Froard is located in Chile on the Brunswick Peninsula on the shore of Magellanov Strait.

South (Island) point - Diego - Ramirez - the southernmost point of America and Chile, which consists of a group of islands that occupy the area of \u200b\u200ba little more than one square kilometer.

Western point - Cape Parigas is in Peru.

The eastern point is Cape Kabu - Brranka, located in Brazil.

Relief South America

Mainland South America on relief is divided into the mountain west and the plain east.

The Atakama desert is located on the territory of Chile and is the most arid place on our land. There are such places in the desert, where the rain falls once in a few decades. Here is the lowest air humidity. From vegetation there are only cacti and acacia.

The western part of the continent consists of a mining system of the Andes, stretching through seven states of South America, and the eastern plains. In the north there is a 1930 km long, 1930 km long and a height - from 300 - 1000m.

In the east, the mainland is a Brazilian Highlands, the area of \u200b\u200babout 4 million km2. 95% of Brazil's population lives here. The highest point of this highland is Mount - Bandeira. Her height is 2897 meters. Because of the huge natural diversity, the Brazilian Highlands shall be divided into the three parts: the Atlantic, central and southern plateau.

The south of the Brazilian Highlands is Laplat lowland, in which states such as Paraguay and Uruguay are located, the northern part of Argentina, the southern part of Brazil and South-East of Bolivia. The lowland area of \u200b\u200bmore than 3 million km2.

Amazon lowland - lowland, occupying area over 5 million km2. It is the most huge lowland on our planet.

Climate of South America

In South America, 6 climatic belts: the Northern and South Sub Escavatorial Belt, Equatorial, Tropical, Subtropical and Moderate Belt.

The climate of South America is largely subequatorial and tropical, in which dry and wet seasons are clearly expressed. Equatorial wet climate is characteristic only for Amazonian lowland. In the south of the continent, a subtropical and moderate climate prevails. In the northern plains Temperature all year round 20-28 degrees. In the heights with a height temperature drops. Even frosts are possible. In the Brazilian plateore, the temperature in the winter can decrease to 10 degrees, and on the Patagonia plateau to zero degrees.

River South America systems.

The mainland is located the following river systems: Parana, Orinoco, Amazon, Paraguay, Uruguay.

Amazon - the world's largest river in the area of \u200b\u200bthe pool (7180 thousand km²), formed by the merge of the River Ukyali and Maranyon. It is considered one of the seven natural wonders of the world. Brazil owned most of the pool. It proceeds mainly on the Amazon lowland and flows into the Atlantic Ocean.

Parana is the second river in length on this continent, flowing in the southern part of the continent. Proceeds through the territory of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay. Just like the Amazon falls into the Atlantic Ocean.

Paraguay - River, is the right influx of Parana. It divides the Republic of Paraguay to the North and South Paraguay, as well as in the southern part of its part is the state border between Paraguay and Argentina.

Uruguay is a river, originating in Brazil and the confluence of Canas and Pelotas rivers. He is the border between Brazil and Uruguay. Her river system is the main source of water supply of the country. Here is located the largest hydroelectric station countries.

Orinoco - River flowing through Venezuela and flowing into the Atlantic Ocean. Her feature is the splitness of the river. From her, the Kasikiaar River is separated, which flows into the Rio River - Negra. This river carries out a white river dolphin or Amazonian and one of the largest - orincionic crocodile.

Lake South America

Maracaibo (translated "Earth Mary") - a large lake with saltwaten water, located in Venezuela. The depth of this lake is significantly different in the southern and northern parts. North - small, and South reaches (by different sources) from 50 - 250 meters. This lake is also one of the oldest lakes.

Titicaca (Titi - Puma, Kaka - Rock) - The biggest lake in stocks fresh water And the second in the area after Maracaibo. More than three hundred rivers falls into this lake. It is shipping. Archaeological studies show that at the bottom of the lake is the city of Vanaka.

Pathos - Lake, located on the coast in Brazil. Its length is 280 km, and width is 70 km. From the ocean it separates the sandy braid width of 8 km. It is located large hydropower plants. Salt, fish and oil are produced here.

Flora World of South America

Thanks to the warm climate and a huge amount of precipitation - the world of plants in South America is very diverse. For each climatic zone is characterized by its flora. Large square Consider jungle that are located in a tropical belt. Here we grow: a chocolate and melon tree - papaya, rubber trees, various palm trees, orchids.

South jungle in Equatorial forests grow deciduous and evergreen plants. It grows such a tree as Queberaho, having very durable wood. In the subtropical zone you can find lianas and cacti. Further, moving to the south, there is a zone of steppes where the nick is growing and different herbs. Behind this zone begin the deserts and semi-deserts, where dry shrubs grow.

Animal World of South America

The animal world of the mainland is also diverse as vegetable. Monkeys, sloths, jaguar, amusements, parrots, hummingbirds, tucanis and many other animals live in the tropics. Crocodiles, anaconda, piranhas, rodent - copyibar, river dolphins are found in Amazonian Selver. Only here you can meet a wild cat - Ocelot, similar to the leopard. In the savannah dwell: armor, pigs - bakers, spectacle bear, ostriches, pummas, fox and grivy wolf. In the zone of the plains they live: deer, Lama, Pampas Cat. Only in South America can be found deer - PUD, only 30-40 cm high in the Galapagos Islands owned by South America, huge turtles live.

South America is located on either side of the equator, but its main part lies in the southern hemisphere. The wider part of the mainland is between the tropics. In the limits of subtropical and moderate latitudes of the southern hemisphere, it includes its narrowed and dismembered outflow.

The influence of air masses coming from the Atlantic, distributed by Far into the continent of the continent widely open towards the ocean plains until the foot of the Andes.

The western coast of South America is washed by the waters of the Pacific Ocean, having a significant negative temperature anomaly from the coast of the mainland, which is due to the Cold Peruvian current. Pacific air masses, thanks to the existence of the Anda Barrier, influence climate Only a narrow sushi strip adjacent to the ocean.

Climatic conditions of South America Determined mainly by the impact of air equatorial masses forming over the mainland. These air masses are different large content moisture and small amplitudes of temperatures during the year. They move from one hemisphere to another equatorial monscons of the north and southern hemispheres and cause precipitation.

A large influence on the climate has a tropical air of maritime origin. It is formed in tropical anticyclones over the oceans and comes to the mainland with trade in air currents. In its properties, he is close to equatorial air masses.

Continental tropical air is formed over the mainland in tropical latitudes by means of transformation of sea air. It is distinguished by comparative dryness and significantly large annual temperature amplitudes than equatorial and sea tropical air.

The effect of air masses of moderate latitudes is affected only in the extreme south of the mainland.

In January, the northern part of South America enters the influence of the tropical air masses of the dynamic maximum of the northern hemisphere. These air masses rush in the form of the Northeast Passat towards the region of reduced pressure on the mainland, located at this south of the equator. In this regard, on the northern outskirts of South America, there is a drought. Only in the northeast of the continent on the slopes of the Guiangian Highlands and on the coastal lowland of the Passat, coming directly from the Atlantic Ocean, leaves a certain amount of precipitation.

Above the annexual part of the Amazon lowland, the tropical air is moistened and, rising up, gives abundant convective precipitation. Penetrating into the lower pressure south of the equator, the Northeast Passat changes its direction to the North and Northwest and turns into an equatorial monsoon of the southern hemisphere. On an extensive space to the south of the equator, he leaves abundant precipitation, irrigated most of the Brazilian Highlands and the Plain Gran-Chaco.

From the side of the Southatic Anticyclone towards the heated mainland, the winds of a monsoon character blowing rains to the southeastern outskirts of Brazilian Highlands and La Platus lowland.

Most of the west coast starting from subtropical latitudes and almost before The equator is under the influence of the eastern periphery of the Pacific Anticyclone and does not receive precipitation. Only the segment of the coast north of the Gulf Guayaquil is under the influence of equatorial air masses and irrigated abundant rains.

Wet oceanic air is brought to the extreme south of the mainland from the West. At the same time, the coast of the Pacific Ocean and especially the Western slopes of the Andes receive abundant precipitation, and Patagonia, under the cover of the Andes, turns out to be the center of formation of relatively dry continental air masses of moderate latitudes.

In July, all the mainland falls under the influence of wet equatorial air, brought by the south-western equatorial monsoon, and no less wet marine tropical air coming from the Atlantic Ocean.

A high pressure is established above the Brazilian Highlands (and as a result - dry weather), due to the movement to the north of the tropical maximum of the southern hemisphere. Only south eastern The outbreak of Highlands falls under the influence of the South-Eastern Passat, coming directly from the Atlantic Ocean, and receives a significant amount of precipitation, although much less than in summer.

In subtropical and moderate latitudes south Hemisphere is dominated by low pressure and dropping cyclonal rains. Only Patagonia still remains the center of formation of relatively dry and cold air, which at times breaks through North and penetrates up to the Amazon lowland, causing there a significant decrease in temperature and even snow dropping.

Above the central part of the Pacific coast, in July as in January, from 30 ° sh. South and South-Western winds, which are prevailed in parallel shores over the waters of the Cold Peruvian current. This leads to heavy dryness on the Pacific coast in these latitudes. Only In the northern segment, where the Southeast Passat passes to the southwest monsoon, there is a significant amount of precipitation.

Like Africa, South America is located its main part within the equatorial, subequatorial and tropical climatic belts. Only in the extreme south she enters the subtropical and moderate belt. But mutual arrangement and the width of these just like and The ratio of climatic regions inside themother than in Africa. This is determined primarily by the peculiarities of the orography of South America, sharply different from the features of the orography of the African mainland.

In the anti-essential part, South America reaches a large width, the relief does not prevent the development of zonal climatic conditions there. The equatorial climate belt in South America includes almost all Amazon lowland, except for the eastern part and the extreme south, and the adjacent parts of the Gwiangic Highlands and the lowland of Orinoco. At the limits of the equatorial belt include the segment of the Pacific coast north of the equator.

For the entire belt, abundant precipitation is characterized during the year. The annual amounts them range from 1500 to 2500 mm and only on the slopes of the Andes, on the Pacific coast, the amount of precipitation increases to 5000-7000 mm per year. The sediments in the area throughout the year are brought by the southern and south-western winds and their large amounts are explained by the orographic reasons. In the Amazon lowland, the bulk of precipitation falls due to convective processes in the equatorial air masses. The temperature of the region is high and change little at the time of year. The average temperatures of all month fluctuate in the range of 25-27 °.

The entire northernmost part of South America, including the Orinoka lowland, the coast of the Caribbean, a significant part of the Guiangic Highlands and the Guiangian lowland lies in the belt of the subequatorial climate. The South Hemisphere's sub-screen belt includes the North of Brazilian Highlands and the southern part of the Amazonian lowland. In the east, the subeequatorial belts of the Northern and South Hemispheres are connected to each other. This belt is also part of the Pacific coast from the equator to 4-5 °. sh.

A distinctive feature of a subequatorial climate - seasonality in the distribution of precipitation - expressed throughout this area quite clearly. In the southern hemisphere, in Brazilian Highlands, in the south of Amazonian lowland and in the lower target of the Amazon, the rain period associated with the action of the equatorial monsoon lasts about from December to May, and is he It is lengthened from the south to the north, moving gradually into the year-round wet period. In the north, the rainy period continues from May to December. In winter, during the action of Passats, the precipitate does not fall out. Only in those areas where the trade winds coming from the ocean, they meet on their way of the mountain, rains are in winter. It takes place on the northern segment of the coastal part of Brazilian Highlands and in the northeast of Guiana. The annual amounts of precipitation within the entire subequatorial belt of 1500--2000 mm. Only Northeast of Brazilian Highlands receives less than 1000 mm of precipitation, as wet air flows are intercepted with raised outdoor outbreaks and penetrate into this area transformed. The highest temperatures are, as in Africa, in the transition period between the end of the dry and the beginning of the wet season, when the average monthly temperatures rise to 29-30 °. At the same time, in no one month, the average temperatures are not descended below 20 °.

At the limits of the tropical climatic belt, South America enters only the southern hemisphere. The East and South-East of Brazilian Highlands are in the field of wet climate (visited banks), where the precipitation throughout the year is brought by the streams of tropical air from the side of the Atlantic.

Lifting through the slopes of the mountains, this air leaves a large amount of precipitation on the windward side. On the precipitation regulations, this climate is close to the kclimat of amazon lowland, but characterized by more significant temperature differences Between the hottest and cooler months.

Inside the mainland in the tropical belt (plain Gran-Choo), the climate is arid, with a summer maximum precipitation and a sharply pronounced dry winter period.

This climate is close to the subeupvatory, but differs from it with sharp temperatures with sharp temperatures especially in winter and the smaller annual precipitation.

The coast of the Pacific Ocean between 5 and 30 ° sh. Lies in the climate of the coast desert and semi-desert. This climate gets the most vivid expression in the desert Atakama. The region is under the influence of the eastern periphery of the Pacific Anticyclone and the inversions of the temperatures created by a constant inflow of relatively cold air from high latitudes. With relative humidity of air to 80% of precipitation falls extremely small - in some areas there are only a few millimeters per year. Some compensation of almost complete absence raines Serve abundant dews falling on the coast in winter. Temperatures even the hottest months are moderate (they rarely exceed 20 °), and seasonal amplitudes are small.

South of 30 ° sh. South America is within the subtropical climatic belt. It allocates a number of areas.

Southeast mainland ( south The color of the Brazilian Highlands, the territory of Uruguay, the interfluent Paras and Uruguay, the eastern part of Pamppa) lies in the region of a uniformly wet subtropical climate. In the summer, moisture is brought to the northeast winds of a monsoon nature. In winter, the precipitation falls due to cyclonic activities on the polar front. Summer in the area is very roast, winter is soft, with average monthly temperatures about + y °, but there are temperature drops significantly below 0 ° due to invasions relative to cold air masses from the south.

For intramatic areas of subtropical belt (Western Pampa), a dry subtropical climate is characterized. Moisture from the Atlantic Ocean goes there a little, and precipitation (no more than 500 mm per year), falling out in the summer, have mainly convective origin. There are sharp fluctuations in temperatures and frequent decline in their winter below 0 °, at a mean monthly temperatures less than + 10 °.

On the Pacific Coast (from 30 to 37 ° Yu. Sh.) Climate subtropical with dry summer. Under the influence of the eastern periphery of the Pacific Anticyclone Summer there is almost dishefacious and non-jar (especially on the coast). Winter soft and rainy. Seasonal temperature amplitudes are insignificant.

Within the limits of a moderate belt (south of 40 ° J. sh.) South America is part of its most narrow part. There are two climatic areas there.

Southeast of South America (Patagonia) lies in the climate, transitional from the oceanic to the mainland, but very arid. In this area there is a center for the formation of a continental air of moderate latitudes. The precipitations in these latitudes are brought by Western winds, the path to which the Patagonia is terminated by Andami, therefore the amount does not exceed 250-300 mm. In winter there are severe cold due to from penetration of cold air from the south. Frosts reach 30, 35 °, however, the average monthly temperatures are positive.

In the extreme southwest, the mainland and the coastal islands climate is moderately warm, oceanic. All This area is under the influence of intensive cyclonic activity and the inflow of oceanic air of moderate latitudes. On the Western slopes of the Andes especially many precipitation falls in winter. Summer rains lessBut overcast cloudy weather prevails. The annual amounts of precipitation everywhere exceed 2000 mm. Differences in the temperatures of summer and winter months are small.

For the internal plateaus of the Andes, located on both sides of the equator, is characterized by a mountain equatorial climate, with an annual temperature of temperatures, moderated height. At the same time, daily amplitudes are quite significant, as in general in conditions Mining climate. But the number of them is significantly less than on the plains in the same latitudes.

For the central Andiy plane, the climate of high-mountain tropical deserts and semi-deserts (dry and sharply continental) are characterized. The amount of precipitation is negligible, and the temperature differences between the seasons and especially during the day are very cutting.

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South America is a mainland located mostly in the southern hemisphere. It presents five climatic belts on its territory. Consider them from the south to the north. Island Fire Land, almost all Argentina and Chile, as well as part of the Uruguay and Paraguay with Bolivia are located in Moderate belt. Peru, southern Brazil and North Paraguay in Subtropical belt. Central Brazil, the northern part of Peru, Ecuador are located in Tropical belt. North of Central Brazil, Guyana, Suriname, Guiana, North Venezuela and Colombia in Sub-screen zone. And a plot at the Amazon River Northern Brazil, South Colombia and Venezuela - in Equatorial.

South America is located in such a way that there are almost all climatic belts.

Also, South America is considered the most wet mainland of the planet.

The northern part of the mainland is located in the Equatorial belt.

The subequatorial climatic belt is moving the mainland twice passing above and below the equatorial belt.

In the middle part of the mainland there is a tropical climate.

The tropical climate goes into subtropical.

And the northernmost part of South America is in a temperate climate.

South America belongs to one of the hottest continents of the world. Here you will not find an arctic or subarctic belt, but all the other belts are available. The extreme south of the continent, Patagonia, that is, partially Chile and Argentina lies in a temperate belt. Closer to the north, again Chile, Argentina and Uruguay, are located in the subtropical warmth climate with moderate precipitation. Tropics stretched from the Peruvian coast to Chilean deserts Atakama and Naska, to Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. Almost all amazonia, impassable equatorial forests, light planets lie in the equatorial belt, and around them from the north, the east and the south there is a belt subequatorial, the largest belt of the mainland.

South America is the mainland of the Western Hemisphere. The main (large) part of the mainland is south of the equator.

Washed by the waters of the quiet and atlantic oceans. It is the wettest mainland of the planet.

South America climatic belts:

• subequatorial (it takes significantly part of the mainland territory);
• equatorial (occupies mainly an Amazon lowland);
• tropical (located south of the subequatorial);
• subtropical (south tropical);
• moderate (occupies the south of the mainland).

• Climatic belts, which are characteristic of South America, can be distinguished 5 (five), while the weather conditions do not quite correspond to the conditions in similar belts.

  • Equatorial, this is the northern part of the country.
  • And the subequatorial occupies the territory both higher and below the equatorial zone, as if she's sickening.
  • The middle part of the mainland - the climate is changing on tropical.
  • Even below and closer to the south, the climate is already subtropical.
  • The very same northern tip of the mainland is already in moderate belt.

• Equatorial belt is hot and large humidity.

  The tropical belt - the climate depending on the seasons is wet or deserted (continental), especially on the west coast of Brazilian plateau, there is practically no rain.

  The subequatorial belt climate is hot, but summer is wet, winter is hot and dry, a lot of precipitation falls on the eastern slopes.

  South of South America is located in a temperate belt, the climate is moderately marine, cyclones move to the mainland from the West, there are minus temperatures during the entire year.

  The subtropical belt - the climate in the east is warm and wet, and in the central regions, the continental, on the Pacific coast, the Mediterranean climate.

  

  because of big Square mainland and its special geographical locationSouth America is located immediately in five climatic belts:

  • A significant part of the mainland takes subexvatorial Climate belt.
  • Also at the level of the subequatorial climatic belt there is an equatorial climatic belt.
  • Below (south) there is a tropical climatic belt.
  • Even below the subtropical climatic belt.
  • And in the very south of the mainland there is a moderate climatic belt.

• Considering the area and geographical position of South America, the length of the climatic belts from the north to the south of climatic belts! Almost all the belts that are found on Earth! This is an equatorial, subequatorial, tropical, subtropical, moderate and even subanrtarctic! Large this ... South America! For clarity, lay out a couple of pictures:

  

  

  South America is located in five climatic belts: a subequatorial, equatorial, tropical, subtropical and moderate.