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Rublevsky Daniel
What is the genus, so is the offspring.
Proverb.
Who do you look like? Why does one person look like a father and another like a grandmother? Why do they say about relatives: "They look like two drops of water"? And how are all people on Earth alike? I was also interested in this question. The search for the answer prompted me to turn to encyclopedias, reference books, dictionaries, where I could find the information I needed. In particular, a survey of residents of the village of Zhuravskaya and my classmates also helped to replenish my intellectual baggage. I think this information will be interesting and useful for you.
Material from the project "Why do I look like my parents?" can be used in the lessons of Kuban studies in the study of the following sections: in the 1st grade - "I and my family", in the 2nd grade - "Labor and everyday life of the inhabitants of the Kuban", on extra classes in Cossack classes, during extracurricular activities... Many children will replenish my mini-encyclopedia “Who looks like whom” with “family” material.
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Lukashova Svetlana Ivanovna
MOBU SOSH № 14
Krasnodar region
Korenovsky district
village Zhuravskaya
primary school teacher
Contest scientific projects schoolchildren
within the framework of the regional scientific and practical conference "Eureka, JUNIOR"
Small Academy of Sciences for students of the Kuban
(humanitarian direction)
Rublevsky Daniil Alexandrovich,
Krasnodar Territory, Korenovsky District,
Village Zhuravskaya
MOBU secondary general education
School number 14, grade 2
Supervisor:
Lukashova Svetlana Ivanovna
Primary school teacher,
MOBU "Secondary School No. 14"
Korenovsky District
Korenovsk
2013
"My first teaching and research project"
WHY DO I LIKE MY PARENTS?
(humanitarian direction)
Introduction ……………………………………………………………………..…..……2
1. Genetics. General information.…………………………………….…………….…..3
1.1. Genetics - the science of the laws of heredity and variability
organisms …………………………………………………………………. ……… .3
1.2. The history of the development of genetics …………………………………… .. ………. ……… .4
………………………………….....7
3. The traditions of our family……………………………………………………............8
Conclusion ……………………………………………………………….……………9
Bibliography…………………………………………………..………...........11
Applications …………………………………………………………….………….....12
"My first teaching and research project"
Rublevsky Daniil Alexandrovich
Krasnodar Territory, Korenovsky District, village Zhuravskaya
MOBU average comprehensive school No. 14, 2nd class
WHY DO I LIKE MY PARENTS?
(humanitarian direction)
Academic Supervisor: Lukashova Svetlana Ivanovna, primary school teacher
MOBU Secondary School No. 14 MO Korenovsky District
Introduction
What is the genus, so is the offspring.
Proverb.
Who do you look like? Why does one person look like a father and another like a grandmother? Why do they say about relatives: "They look like two drops of water"? And how are all people on Earth alike? I was also interested in this question. The search for the answer prompted me to turn to encyclopedias, reference books, dictionaries, where I could find the information I needed. In particular, a survey of residents of the village of Zhuravskaya and my classmates also helped to replenish my intellectual baggage. I think this information will be interesting and useful for you.
Material from the project "Why do I look like my parents?" can be used in the lessons of Kuban studies in the study of the following sections: in the 1st grade - "I and my family", in the 2nd grade - "Labor and life of the inhabitants of the Kuban", in additional classes in the Cossack orientation classes, during extracurricular activities ... Many guys will replenish my mini-encyclopedia “Who looks like whom” with “family” material.
"My first teaching and research project"
Rublevsky Daniil Alexandrovich
Krasnodar Territory, Korenovsky District, village Zhuravskaya
MOBU secondary school №14, grade 2
WHY DO I LIKE MY PARENTS?
(humanitarian direction)
Academic Supervisor: Lukashova Svetlana Ivanovna, primary school teacher
MOBU Secondary School No. 14 MO Korenovsky District
1. Genetics. General information.
1.1. Genetics - the science of the laws of heredity and variability of organisms
According to the laws of inheritance, all the main traits and properties of organisms are controlled and determined by units of hereditary information - genes. The subject of genetics research is the nature of material carriers of heredity, the mechanisms of their manifestation, change and reproduction, possible ways and methods of their artificial synthesis, the formation of complex properties and characteristics of an integral organism, the relationship of heredity and variability, selection and evolution. The study of heredity and variability by methods of genetics is carried out at all levels of the organization of living matter: molecular, cellular, at the level of an integral organism and a population (a set of individuals of one species that occupies a certain space for a long time and reproduces itself in many generations).
Genetics (from the Greek genesis - origin) - the science of the laws of heredity and variability of organisms and methods of managing them.
Heredity is the ability of organisms to transmit their characteristics and developmental characteristics to their offspring. Thanks to this ability, all living things preserve in their descendants specific traits species.
1.2. History of the development of genetics
Various ideas about heredity and variability were expressed by ancient philosophers and doctors. For the most part, these ideas were erroneous, but sometimes brilliant guesses appeared among them. Thus, the Roman philosopher and poet Lucretius Carus wrote in his famous poem "On the Nature of Things" about the "origins" that determine the transmission from generation to generation of traits from ancestors to descendants, about the random combination of these traits that occurs during this random combination, denied the possibility of changing hereditary traits under the influence of external conditions.
However, a truly scientific knowledge of heredity and variability began only many centuries later, when a lot of accurate information was accumulated about the inheritance of various traits in plants, animals and humans. The number of such observations, carried out mainly by plant and livestock practitioners, especially increased in the period from the middle of the 18th century to the middle of the 19th century.
Nevertheless, clear ideas about the patterns of inheritance and heredity up to late XIX century has not been with one significant exception. This exception was the remarkable work of G. Mendel, who established in experiments on hybridization of pea varieties the most important laws of inheritance of traits, which later formed the basis of genetics.
Gregor Mendel (1822-1884):
Austrian naturalist, monk, founder of the doctrine of heredity;
1865 "Experiments on plant hybrids";
created scientific principles descriptions and research of hybrids and their offspring;
developed and applied an algebraic system of symbols and designations of signs;
formulated the basic laws of inheritance of traits in a number of generations, allowing predictions to be made;
expressed the idea of the existence of hereditary inclinations (or genes, as they were later called).
However, the work of G. Mendel (reported by him in 1865 at a meeting of the Society of Naturalists in Brunn and published the next year in the proceedings of this society
was not appreciated by contemporaries and, remaining forgotten for 35 years, did not affect the ideas of heredity and variability that were widespread in the 19th century.
The date of birth of genetics is considered to be 1900, when three botanists - G. de Vries (Holland), K. Correns (Germany) and E. Cermak (Austria), who were conducting experiments on plant hybridization, independently came across the forgotten work of G. Mendel. They were amazed at the similarity of his results with theirs, appreciated the depth, accuracy and significance of his conclusions and published their data, showing that they fully support Mendel's conclusions. Further development genetics is associated with a number of stages, each of which was characterized by the directions of research prevailing at that time.
The name "genetics" was given to the developing science in 1906 by the English scientist W. Batson, and soon such important genetic concepts as a gene, genotype, phenotype, which were proposed in 1909 by the Danish geneticist V. Johansen. ("Gene is just a short and convenient word that goes well with others.")
The next stage in the development of science is associated with the name of Thomas Morgan (1866-1945). It was he and his students, studying heredity in the small fruit fly Drosophila, who discovered a number of regularities known in biology as the chromosomal theory of heredity. The genetic work of the Morgan school showed the ability to build maps of chromosomes, indicating the exact location of various genes. On the basis of this theory, the chromosomal mechanism of sex determination was elucidated and proved. The chromosomal theory of heredity was the greatest achievement in the development of genetics and largely determined the path of further genetic research.
The next event in the history of genetics was the discovery of gene structure disorders or mutations (H. de Vries), and the first chemical mutagens (in the 1930s in the USSR). It should be noted that in the first half of the 20th century, young science found many supporters among Soviet scientists. An outstanding contribution to genetics was made by the works of N. K. Koltsov, S. S. Chetverikov, A. S. Serebrovsky and others. geographer, organizer and first director (until 1940) of the Institute of Genetics of the USSR Academy of Sciences. He and his school discovered the law of homologous series (about the genetic proximity of related groups of plants) and created the doctrine of the diversity of cultivated plants and their centers of origin, having collected in expeditions a huge collection of wild and cultivated forms of plants that are important for mankind.
Since the mid-1930s, and especially after the session of the All-Union Agricultural Academy in 1948, the anti-scientific views of T. D. Lysenko prevailed in Soviet genetics (groundlessly named by him
"Michurin doctrine"), which until 1965 stopped its development and led to the destruction of large genetic schools.
The rapid development of genetics during this period abroad, especially molecular genetics in the second half of the 20th century, made it possible to reveal the structure of the genetic material, to understand the mechanism of its work.
So, let's trace the main discoveries in genetics throughout the century.
1935 - experimental determination of the size of the gene
1953 - DNA structural model
1961 - decoding of the genetic code
1962 - first cloning of a frog
1969 - the first gene is chemically synthesized
1972 - the birth of genetic engineering
1977 - the first human gene is decoded
1980 - the first transgenic mouse is obtained
1988 - the project "Human Genome" was created
1995 - the formation of genomics as a branch of genetics
1997 - Dolly the sheep was cloned
1999 - a mouse and a cow were cloned
2000 - the human genome is read.
2. Why are we like our parents
So, we already know that genes carry all information about a person: from gender to eye color. In this case, the child carries both paternal and maternal genes. Whose genes are more pronounced, he will be more like that. And the combination of these genes can sometimes give a person completely new properties. No wonder folk wisdom says: "My son, and he has his own mind."
If we compare my mother’s childhood photos with mine [Appendix I], you can see that we are like two peas in a pod. We have the same face shape, cut and eye color, curly light brown hair, small nose, fair skin. This means that in my heredity, it was her genes that were most clearly manifested.
3. The traditions of our family
As the hut is, such is the tyn, as is the father, such is the son.
Proverb.
From their parents, a child can inherit their behavioral characteristics, inclinations, talent, hobbies, character traits. It often happens that a son chooses, inherits the same profession as his father, because he likes it and suits him more than anyone else. Thus, professional dynasties, workers, doctors, teachers, engineers are formed.
It has become a tradition in our family to make crafts with our own hands. Interested in the stories of my kind, I found out that my ancestors were engaged in handicrafts. Grandma and great-grandmother loved to embroider. They were also excellent flower growers. Mom is a wonderful decorator. Crafts ideas for school exhibitions are hers. The photographs show my work [Appendix II]. Craft "Christmas Angel" awarded in municipal competition children's creativity "New Year's fantasy" [Appendix III].
Even from my mother, I inherited the ability to study well, since intelligence is transmitted through the female line. From disciplines I prefer humanities, which also brings me closer to my mother.
Although I look like her outwardly, from my dad I took over my passion for sports. The father is engaged in professional kettlebell lifting [Appendix V].
Certificates of honor and diplomas are proof of his achievements [Appendix VI]. Photos of the Pope were repeatedly published in the newspaper "Korenovskie Vesti". Pope's name is included in the Book of Honor "Golden Youth Municipal entity Korenovsky district ”[Appendix VII].
I also go in for sports, attend the football section. We also introduce mom to sports. Last year, our family took part in the competition "Dad, Mom, I am a sports family!", Where it took 1st place [Appendix VIII].
"My first teaching and research project"
Rublevsky Daniil Alexandrovich
Krasnodar Territory, Korenovsky District, village Zhuravskaya
MOBU secondary school №14, grade 2
WHY DO I LIKE MY PARENTS?
(humanitarian direction)
Academic Supervisor: Lukashova Svetlana Ivanovna, primary school teacher
MOBU Secondary School No. 14 MO Korenovsky District
Conclusion
As is the root, so is the offspring.
Proverb.
The history of genetics can be studied endlessly. In my work, I tried to explain what is inherited and what qualities a person acquires himself.
The tasks set by me have been partially solved: the history of heredity cannot but worry a person. Having expanded my knowledge in the field of genetics, I hope that I helped you to learn a lot of interesting things about heredity.
I conducted a survey among the residents of the village of Zhuravskaya. I asked my respondents 3 questions:
1. What is genetics?
2. What do you know about heredity?
3. Who do you look like?
Here's the result:
1. Most often they say: this is science - 30%;
Difficult to answer - 31%
2. Appearance, character traits, diseases
Inherited - 50%
3. Look like: mother - 40%;
Dad - 41%;
For grandmother - 12%;
For grandfather - 7%
The survey showed that not all people, unfortunately, are interested in their heredity.
Summing up, I want to say: it is important that we adopt the best qualities from our ancestors and pass them on to the future generation [Appendix IX], without losing our individuality [Appendix X].
"My first teaching and research project"
Rublevsky Daniil Alexandrovich
Krasnodar Territory, Korenovsky District, village Zhuravskaya
MOBU secondary school №14, grade 2
WHY DO I LIKE MY PARENTS?
(humanitarian direction)
Academic Supervisor: Lukashova Svetlana Ivanovna, primary school teacher
MOBU Secondary School No. 14 MO Korenovsky District
Bibliography
1.Asanov, A.Yu. Fundamentals of genetics and hereditary developmental disorders in children: tutorial/ A.Yu. Asanov, N.S. Demikova, S.A. Morozov, A. Yu. Asanov. - M .: Academy, 2003 .-- 224p.
2. Newspaper "Korenovskie Vesti", 2012-2013.
3. Goncharov O.V. “Genetics. Tasks "- S .:" Lyceum ", 2005. - 352s.
4.Ozhegov S.I., N.Yu. Shvedova. / Explanatory dictionary Russian language: 80,000 words and phraseological expressions / Russian academy sciences. Vinogradov Institute of the Russian Language. - 4th ed., Supplemented. - M .: LLC "A temp", 2010. - 944s.
5. Modern encyclopedia. 2000
6. Ushakov D.N. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. - M .: Astrel, AST, 2007. - 912s.
7. Fogel F., Motulski A. Human Genetics (in 3 volumes) - M .: "Mir", 1990. - 312 + 384 + 368 p.
Objective of the project
Find the answer to the questions:
Who am I like?
Why does one person look like a father, and
the other - to mom?
And how are all people on Earth alike?
Every organism, be it a plant, fish, animal or
a person who bears resemblance to his parents, but that
no less different from them. For example, children can
be like dad or mom, but usually they have
some traits of each parent. It's all about
that parents pass on certain
properties,
a
children
"Inherit"
their.
So,
heredity is the ability of organisms
convey their signs and features of development
offspring. Thanks to this ability, all living
creatures retain in their descendants the characteristic
features. "Gene" and "genetics"
Genetics is the science of the laws of heredity and
variability of organisms and methods of their control.
All the main signs and properties of organisms
controlled and defined by units
hereditary information - genes. Genetics is the science of the laws of heredity and variability
organisms and methods of their control. All major
traits and properties of organisms are controlled and
defined by units of hereditary
information - genes. Why are we like parents?
Genes carry all the information about
to a person: from his gender to the color of his eyes.
At the same time, the child carries in himself both
paternal and maternal genes.
Whose genes are more pronounced, on
that he will be more like. A
the combination of these genes can sometimes
give a person completely new
properties. No wonder folk wisdom
reads: "My son, and he has his own mind." Meet me! This is my sister Stephanie
Outwardly, my sister and I are very
similar. We inherited from
parents:
Light blond hair
.Green eyes This is my dad
Sergei Ivanovich
If you can compare us
see what we are like.
We have the same oval of the face,
eye color, nose shape, light
light brown hair, dark skin.
So in my
heredity is brighter
it was his genes that showed up. That's my mom:
Svetlana Yurievna. With mom
I also have external
similarity: hair color, cut
eye, but we are more alike
by our qualities: we
energetic,
purposeful,
emotional. “We all stand on our shoulders
ancestors "
A child can inherit from their parents
behavioral features, inclinations, talent, hobbies,
traits. In our family, we love to do
DIY crafts. Mom is a wonderful decorator.
Crafts ideas for school exhibitions are hers. A
we all help her. Our family is very fond of
travel. We go to the sea every summer. Still all
our family is fond of music, I play the piano,
and my sister sings.
"Doubles"?
Where do "doubles" come from? Scientists who are long-term
time spent decoding the human genome code,
suggested that exactly genetic code is an
The "culprit" of the birth of externally identical people,
which are called doubles in the common people. The most
the amazing thing is that doubles don't have to be
distant or close relatives. V
Recently, cases have become more frequent when their
man finds a double on the other side of the earth. This is still
once confirms that a person is a creature
unique and mysterious.
Diana Komissarova
Who am I like?
MKDOU IMRSK " Kindergarten №42"
Theme the project: "On who am I going?»
(from 01.11.2014- 14.11.20014)
Educator 1 qualification Komissarova D.A.
with. Moscow 2014-2015
Short project"On who do I look like?»
Educator 2 preparatory group
(from 01.11.2014-28.11.2014)
Type of the project:
Social, creative, group (30 people, average duration (4-5 weeks)... Region "Reading fiction".
The urgency of the problem:
Analyzing the results of monitoring children at the beginning school year, it was revealed that children do not know enough about their family, family ties, which does not correspond to the Federal State Educational Standard. To increase the level of knowledge, it was decided to organize project"On who do I look like» the result, which will be a competition of poetry reciters in the group.
As soon as the baby is born, parents and relatives rush to look at him, trying to find out if who does he look more like... Eyes from dad, nose from mom, but grandfather's chin. Our ancestors also believed that if a pregnant woman is surrounded with beautiful things and great music, then a beautiful child will be born. But geneticists argue, despite the fact that the baby really already feels everything in the womb, understands and reacts emotionally, but all this does not affect his genetic apparatus no influence... What was laid down at the moment of conception will turn out in the end. Actually give great importance to that on who does the child look like... The main thing is for him to be healthy and happy.
Target:
Memorizing poetry, expanding cooperation with parents.
Tasks:
Enhance the creative thinking of children.
Help parents in making a photo album.
Promote development creative potential of parents.
Enrich the experience of cooperation between parents and children;
Learn to overcome shyness, shyness, teach to freely stand in front of the audience.
Participants:
Supervisor project - educator, children of the 2nd preparatory group, parents.
Individual consultations were held with the parents, material was offered to study at home. Parents expand opportunities for cooperation with their children, listen to their opinion.
Material equipment the project:
Prizes to the participants of the competition, photographs of parents and their children.
Stage 1 - preparatory, 1 week
Development of an implementation strategy the project.
Goal setting and task breakdown.
Creation of conditions for independent activity.
Monitoring of children's knowledge about the family
Albums "I and my family", "On who do I look like?» .
Stage 2 - main, 2 weeks
Educational situations with children:
Conversation on the topic "Me and my family", "Family traditions", etc.
Educational game “I know a lot ... (who is who to each other in the family)».
Drawing on a theme "My portrait", "Portrait of a Family".
Painting "My friends".
Memorizing poetry "They say, since daddy has a daughter," and "Why do they say so".
Didactic game "Magic Drum" (words - names of toys).
Cooperation with parents:
Involving parents in memorizing poetry.
Individual advice on the topic the project.
Purchase of prizes for the participants of the competition.
Stage 3 - final, 1 day
Competition for reciting poetry about kindergarten.
Mother's day booth decoration
Related publications:
Entertainment scenario "The world looks like a rainbow" Entertainment in middle group"The world looks like a rainbow!" Purpose: creating a favorable emotional state through music and movement.
Scenario of the event "We are responsible for those we have tamed" The purpose of the event: to clarify and expand the idea of a cat and a dog as pets and human friends; develop speech.
"We are responsible for those we have tamed!" Abstract of GCD in the second junior group Purpose: to acquaint children with the types of pets. Help identify the difference between wild and domestic animals. Help children understand that.
Love for animals is a great feeling. It helps a person to become more generous, fairer, more responsible. Responsiveness, mercy, kindness ,.
Didactic game: "Who needs water for?" Purpose: - to consolidate the knowledge of children that water is needed for all living things (humans, animals, insects ,.
Purpose: To consolidate the ability to classify objects and toys by gender. Tasks: - to consolidate and streamline children's concepts of objects.
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