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Citrus family is undoubtedly grapefruit. He has a pleasant invigorating taste, slightly tart aroma and a number of substances useful for human health. Externally, grapefruit is very similar to orange. The difference is only the fact that Grapefruit is a little bitter, but this is all its unique uniqueness. Grapefruit, beneficial featureswhich has a positive effect on health, is safely used in medicine, and in cosmetology and even in nutrition.

Word "grapefruit" Occasionally happened english words grape (grapes) and fruit (fruit), and Latin sounds Citrus Paradisi.What means "Paradise Citrus". Grepefruit grows on the borteighted Pompelmus tree, which is the fruit tree of citrus, and refers to the subfamily of orange rutovy family. Grapefruit is the result of the crossing of the gratote and orange. Its varieties There is a huge set, all of them depend on the pulp, but specifically from its color. There are varieties with a red flesh, they are the sweetest to taste, and with yellow.

All the usefulness of grapefruit is underestimated, because it contains a lot of biologically active substancesnecessary for the vital activity of the body. Grapefruit is a source of vitamins such as a, C, B1 and B2. In addition, the grapefruit is rich in phosphorus, iron, zinc, fluorine, magnesium, calcium, sodium and potassium. To provide the body with these nutrients for a day, it is necessary to eat half a large grapefruit per day.

Useful for the human body

Grapefruit refers to therapeutic products, it "cleans" vessels, removes toxins, excess liquid from the body. And blood sugar, as well as the general affecting effect on the whole body, also has grapefruit - useful properties are endless. It will be especially useful for those who have high blood pressureSince grapefruit contains natural antioxidants.

Whether grapefrutprit problems with the gastrointestinal tract - of course, yes! Grapefruit juice is useful to drink those people who suffer from insufficient acidity with a powerful means against bleeding is grapefruit juice, which will also help get rid of unwanted freckles. It is recommended to use this fruit after viral diseases, such as angina or influenza.

Grapefruit is considered excellent antidepressant. Cake a few pieces of fruit, sprinkled with cinnamon, in the oven, thus, prepare for yourself - "Antistress". If you use a few grapefruit poles before bedtime, you can get rid of insomnia. Doctors recommend daily grapefruit daily to prevent atherosclerosis and lead the liver function.

Dentists recommend rinse the oral cavity with a grapefruit peel with an increased gum sensitivity. Prepare it is very easy. It is necessary for one tablespoon of chopped grapefruit peel to pour 200 milliliters boiling water and insist 3-4 hours in a warm place. Get rid of accumulated fatigue helps that contain oil of this magic fruit.

Cautions for use

However, it is necessary to remember that grapefruit juice annoys the mucous membrane of the digestive tract and will be harmful to people suffering from the ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. Those who suffer from liver and kidney diseases, as well as sick hepatitis and cystitis, it is not recommended to use grapefruit, its useful properties will not help here, and on the contrary - will harm. People who undergo drug treatment and women using hormonal contraceptive means, should not be used grapefruit.

Talking on the topic: "Grapefruit: useful properties" can be infinitely long. Undoubtedly, it is a very useful fruit, but everything is good in moderation. Observe these recommendations, and you will get the maximum benefit from the use of this exotic fruit.

Product description

Grapefruit- Citrus Fruit Ralen from Caribbean Islands Close Relative orange and pomelo. Externally, the fruits of grapefruit are similar to the fruits of orange, but their flesh is sour and bitter taste.

The name of the fetus is formed from the English. grape. (grapes) and fruit. (Fruit), as the fruits of grapefruit are often gathered in a cluster, it resembles a bunch of grapes.

Grapefruit also contains antioxidants that reduce cholesterol levels. One grapefruit per day contributes to the normalization of cholesterol levels in the blood. This is especially important for people who suffer from Hiscean heart disease and circulatory diseases for which elevated level Cholesterol is another risk factor. According to some data, grapefruits with the "red" pulp contain much more substances that reduce cholesterol levels than the grapefruits of "yellow" varieties.

Grapefruit juice increases the acidity of gastric juice, therefore grapefruit is recommended for people with reduced acidity and, at the same time, contraindicated in various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Almost everywhere, where grapefruits are grown, they are striving to protect them from pests and various diseases; Do it different chemical compositions. Most chemicals that are treated with fruit are localized in his peel. In addition, the fruit remains longer than fresh, they are covered with special compositions that are waiting for a fruit that gives them a neat "lacquered" view. All this should be borne in mind - and not abuse grapefruit skin.

Types and varieties

There are about two dozen grapefruit varieties. They are divided into two large groups - white (or yellow) Grapefruits, with the pulp of a yellowish shade, and red (or pink).

Red grapefruits (Ruby, Rio Red, Star Ruby., Flame.) were brought in the middle of the 20th century in the USA. As a rule, the greater the red shade contains the flesh of the grapefruit, the one is sweeter.

There are varieties with a multitude of seeds in the fruit, as well as completely without seeds.

Gybrid grapefruit with pomelo - svyty who in the rest of the world knows the names oroblanco and simple.

Gybrids Grapefruit I. mandarin certain varieties - miniola. and danzhelo.

How to cook

The fruits of grapefruit are eaten with raw, used as an ingredient for fruit and spicy salads. Grapefruit is well combined with seafood, fish, bird, young cheese. It is boiled jam and putty juices. Grapefruit essential oils are used in confectionery and liquor-vodka production.

Before use, the fruit of grapefruit is usually cut with a sharp knife. The core in each half with part of the adjacent films is removed.

To completely get rid of the grapefruit fruit, it is necessary to remove a translucent leathery film that covers each fetal slicare, in which it is mainly focused. Cooks call cleaned slices supreme., and on home kitchen, they are more famous as " fillet».

Main producers of grapefruit - USA (Florida, California, Texas, Arizona), Argentina, Brazil, Caribbean countries, Australia, South Africa, Mediterranean countries, including Israel. In relatively small quantities, grapefruit culture on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, in Western Georgia, Abkhazia.

In most countries, grapefruit season falls on late autumn, winter and early spring (Main season - from November to March).

In another hemisphere, in South Africa, grapefruit season falls on june—october.

How to choose and store

Grapefruit's fruit must be intact. Pay attention to the weight of the fetus: the juicier grapefruit, the more he weighs.

The taste of grapefruit depends on the number of beta-carotene in it. The brighter of the fruit peel, the more beta carotene, the minor it will be. In addition, the red grapefruits are mostly much sweeter than white.

Do not be afraid of fruits with a brown or green tint.

Focus when choosing a fruit should also be on the fragrance. Ripe and juicy fruit smells very much.

Red grapefruit has the maximum amount of beneficial properties due to the content of a larger amount of alicine, which is an excellent antioxidant.

In order for the fruit longer to remain fresh, they are covered with special compositions that are waiting for a fruit that gives them a neat "lacquered" view. Therefore, when choosing a fruit, pay attention to it appearance. Choose fruits with matte peel, which are not covered with special compositions.

Fresh fruit is not recommended for a long time to store. Than weer grapefruit, the less it will be stored. For these fruits, the lower shelves of the refrigerator or special fruit compartments are best suited. The maximum storage period of grapefruits is 10 days. After they dry out that spoils their taste and aroma.

Grapefruit (Citrus Paradisi)

Description

Grapefruit is an evergreen tree of the rut family, reaching a height of 12 meters, with a rounded crown. Round fruits, large, with a pleasant smell and juicy flesh of yellow or orange-red. The peel of fruits is thick, yellowish or reddish shade, poorly behind the pulp. Weight of one grapefruit can reach 500 g. The taste of grapefruit is not to confuse with anything - only he is inherent in a light bitter taste.

The name "Grapefruit" This fruit was received from the joint of the English words "grapes" and "fruit" due to the fact that the fruits often gather in a cluster, resembling grapes. Latin name means "Paradise Citrus".

History

For the first time, grapefruit was mentioned in 1750 - they were found on the island of Barbados. Motherland grapefruit is considered to be Central America and India. IN late XIX. A century plant was brought to Florida.

Interesting fact

It is surprising that so far no one knows what kind of fruit. Scientists believe that grapefruit is the result of crossing orange and a pomelo, but no one breeder did not manage to repeat this natural experiment.

Structure

The grapefruit fruits contain vitamins A, C, B, D, P, mineral salts, organic acids, sugars, pectins and coloring substances, essential oil and phytoncides, and the bitter taste of grapefruit gives glycoside Narygan.

In the crust reaching 30-40% of the weight of the fetus, also contains pectin substances, ethers, glycosides.

Application

Grapefruit is usually eaten fresh. From his fruit squeeze juice, make jam, jam. Grapefruit slices are added to meat and fruit salads that acquire spicy taste and flavor. Cuts are made of pebbles, pectin and essential oil are produced.

The taste of meat, liver or beef language is significantly improved, if they are poured with grapefruit juice. This bitterly acidic fruit is perfectly combined with fish and mollusks. Salmon fillet or before cooking well soak in the juice of grapefruit, but not more than 30 minutes.

Beneficial features.

Grapefruit is also used in medicinal purposes. Its juice is recommended for the excitation of appetite and stimulation of digestion, it is used in non-unprepaid diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Grapefruit is also useful for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases - it is enough to eat one fruit per day, and together with bitter membranes (they contain useful pectin). Glycosides and vitamins contained in grapefruit contribute to a decrease in blood pressure (including during climax, both in women and men) and the prevention of atherosclerosis.

A grapefruit essential oil with a bitter-cold aroma improves the mood, helps to overcome indecisiveness and apathy, focus on, improves information susceptibility (which is very useful for students).

Contraindications

Grapefruit cannot be used simultaneously with drugs (contraceptives may not affect, and the antidepressants give a direct opposite effect). In addition, grapefruit is contraindicated to people with increased acidity of gastric juice.

Calorie and nutritional value of grapefruit

Calorie Grapefruit - 35 kcal.

The nutritional value of grapefruit: proteins - 0.7 g, fats - 0.2 g, carbohydrates - 6.5 g

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Grapefruit (Citrus Paradisi) - subtropical evergreen tree of the kind citrus of the rut family (RUTACEAE). Externally, the fruit of grapefruit is similar to an orange, but the flesh of his acid and with a light taste of bitterness. The second name of the Grapefruit - Pompelmus Grinding, as the fruits are growing predominantly clouds for 3-12 pcs. In the brush. From here I. english name, meaning translated "grape fruit", and not because of the taste. Fruits are usually large (up to 500 g) covered with rather thick peel from light to a saturated orange color, but regardless of color with a specific slightly bitter aroma.

In the encyclopedias, grapefruit is unconditionally related to dietary fruits. The average term for which the fruits are sleeping is approximately 9-12 months. On February 2, in countries where grapefruits are grown, the "Holiday collection of grapefruits" begins, which lasts a few days.

The origin of grapefruit is still not clarified, and so far the plant in the wild state is not found. Some researchers believe that this is a pompelmus hybrid (other names of the siderial, a pomelo) and a sweet orange, which arose spontaneously in a new light, West Indies. In the opinion of others, he occurred from the seeds of a masterful, previously crossed with a sweet orange, but no one was able to reproduce him with an artificial way.

For the first time, grapefruit trees are described on about. Barbados in 1750, then on Jamaica in 1814, the birthplace of Grapefruit culture is considered by India and Central America (West India). At the end of the XIX century. (1880) The plant is introduced in Florida, and after 100 Lea Citrus took a leading place on the global fruit market. In Russia, Graprefrug is grown since 1911

Motherland cultural grapefruit is considered to be India and Central America. The first told the world about Grapefruit Botanist-priest Griffiths Hhujes in the 1750th year. He called the fruit "Forbidden Fruit", later Grapefruit began to call the "little sider" because of his similarity from the pomelo, which was then called the sededo (according to the name of the English captain of the Sheddok, which was involved in the XVII century on Barbados Island), and in 1814 The year on Jamaica merchants renamed the fruit in Grapefruit. After 1880, the rapid increase in the industrial production of this culture in the United States began, then in the countries of the Caribbean, Brazil, Israel and South Africa), and in the 20th century Grapefruit took a leading place in the global fruit market. In Russia, grapefruit grown from 1911, the first landings appeared on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus.

The nutritional value of grapefruit

The grapefruit on average contains 88.5-90.9% water, 3.8-6.78% of sugars, 1,42-2.38% acids, essential oil, pectin and coloring substances, mineral salts, vitamins C (up to 45 mg), in, d, p, glycoside Ningin, giving the fruits bitter taste.
Today there are about 20 grapefruit grapefruit, which in color of the pulp is divided into 3 main groups: white, pink and red. Here is some of them.

This grapefruit variety belongs to the most ancient. Fruits have a pleasant taste, have a bright, almost white flesh color, are well suited for cooking juice.

MARSH)

This is an old grapefruit grapefruit. The fruit of medium sized with smooth, yellow peel. The flesh is juicy and gentle. The fruit almost does not contain bones. To taste sour-sweet. The variety is ideal for the preparation of juices.

Red grapefruit

Grapefruit without seeds. Peeling has yellow with a small shade of red. The flesh of red, sometimes light pink, by the end of the season can acquire a beige color, to taste the sour-sweet, with mustard.

White grapefruit

This variety of America, Florida, appeared in about 1860 and became one of the most popular grapefruit varieties. Sleeping smooth, light yellow. The pulp of fruit gentle, juicy and sweet. This variety is used for the preparation of salads, cold snacks and desserts.

Flame grapefruit

The variety would be derived in Florida in 1987, after which the variety became known all over the world due to its taste. The skin is smooth, has yellow, with red pigments. The flesh of dark red, sweet, juicy, without bitterness.

The benefits of grapefruit known for a long time. The use of pulp reduces cholesterol levels, has an antibacterial, antifungal and fat-burning effect, improves carbohydrate metabolism, and therefore, it helps with diabetes and obesity. But not everyone knows that the grapefruit oil is also useful in addition to meakty.

Experts note that a fresh citrus fragrance of grapefruit as it is impossible by the way when depressed and apathy, as an interest in life awakens, contributes good mood, feeling the completeness of life, helps to cope with doubts, and also aggravates memory and attention. Everything else, freshly squeezed grapefruit juice has a tonic effect on the body, normalizes the work of the intestine, liver and gallbladder. The juice is especially recommended during the recovery period after the disease, and for healthy - after physical and mental overwork. Drink it is preferably 20 minutes before meals. But when insomnia advise you to eat grapefruit before bedtime, they say, you will sleep as a baby.

Grapefruit essential oil

The essential oil of grapefruit, like all citrus oils, is obtained by cold pressing of fresh grapefruit peel. Oilseeds are deep in grapefruit peel, and compared to orange or lemon, the oil output from it is slightly smaller. A certain amount of oil is extracted from peel and mezgi, which remained after receiving juice, but it is worse quality. A piece of grapefruit oil is obtained by distillation, but its quality is much lower than that of the oil obtained by pressing.

The use of oil increases the body's resistance to infectious and colds, helps with migranes that have arisen on nervous soil, Tones the digestion system and displays toxins. Perfect for a diet. Eliminates the feeling of gravity after eating. Massage is very useful with butter, especially in winter time.

Dosage and application

Baths: 4-6 drops with emulsifier.
Massage: 4-6 drops for 15g transport oil.
Warm compresses: 4-6 drops.
Enrichment of creams, shampoos, shower gels, rinsers: 5 drops on 15 g bases.

Grapefruit in cooking

The fruits of grapefruit are larger than orange and more juicy. On color can be determined as far as the fruit is sweet. If you taste sour varieties, choose the fruits of pink color, and if you prefer sweet taste - choose fruits with yellow and red-yellow peel. Often in grapefruit is grieved white flesh and coupling films, so the fruit is recommended to eat a spoon, carefully separating the flesh.
Grapefruits are better than other citrus and long-term storage, without losing their taste, in the process of culinary processing, the taste is losing, but not significantly. For this reason, the grapefruit is cut before serving, the cut sprinkle with powdered powder and under the grill is baked for 5-7 minutes. It gives the pulp a special, harmonious, with nothing more comparable taste.

From grapefruits prepare jam, jams, juices, liqueurs, they are used in the confectionery industry. From the peel of fruits make pectin and essential oil.

An acidic grapefruit is perfectly combined with marine products, especially with fish and mollusks. Watering the juice of grapefruit meat, liver, beef tongue or demand, you can significantly improve their taste. In order for the dish of trout or salmon to be fragrant and more tender, fish in front of culinary processing should be marked for 20-30 minutes in grapefruit juice.

Grapefruit and diet

Grapefruit fruits contribute to weight loss and serve as a means of preventing diabetes. These conclusions are confirmed by the results of a clinical experiment conducted by the spectacles of nutritionists from San Diego. Several dozens of patients suffering from clinical obesity, during each meal addition, were additionally eaten by half a grapefruit. For four months, such a regime, each of them ran an average of more than one and a half kilograms. Volunteers from the control group, which received absolutely similar dishes, with the exception of grapefruits, on average, loosened only 200 g. The grapefrute diet also led to a decrease in insulin level and reduce glucose concentration in blood plasma. This message is printed in Chemistry & Industry magazine.

American scientists found out that those who wish to lose weight, enough for this every day there are grapefruits. Moreover, it is not necessary to reduce your usual diet. Dr. Ken Fujik and his colleagues for three months watched the hundred volunteers, agreed to make small changes in their nutrition.

Most of those who have included in the Grepefruit menu, eating on the halves of this citrus fruit before each food intake, looked over 12 weeks by an average of 2-4.5 kg. Those who instead drank on a glass of grapefruit juice also dropped weight, but less - about 1.5 kg. Dr. Fujika says he himself did not expect such spectacular results, starting his experiment. In addition, it was proved that such a grapefruit diet reduced the level of insulin and cholesterol in the blood, preventing the development of diabetes, as well as cardiovascular diseases. However, by those who have increased the acidity of the gastric juice, this method of weight loss is not suitable.

The forbidden fruit of Barbados - just this name was given grapefruit in the old days. It is a hybrid of a sweet orange and a pomel. Until the beginning of the 20th century, the tree was divorced exclusively for decorative purposes. Since that time, a lot of varieties of this fruit were removed, they found a scientific explanation to the bitter taste, revealed numerous useful properties of grapefruit.

Translated from English grapefruit means "grape fruit". Immediately and you will not understand that the whole of Barbados fetal with grapes. It turns out that grapefruit is going on branches in borders, outwardly resembling grape.

To date, this fruit has about 20 varieties that can be divided into 3 groups depending on the color of the flesh:

1. white
2. pink
3. red.

Vitamins and Minerals in Grapefruit

Grapefruit is extremely rich in useful elements. Each fruit contains:

• useful trace elements
• vitamins A, B, C, D, P,
• carbohydrates
• organic acids
• mineral salts,
• natural, natural quinine,
• potassium,
• calcium.

It turns out, not just a fruit, but a whole storage of vitamins and useful substances. However, grapefruit is not a panacea from all possible diseases.

Grapefruit for health

Find out what grapefruit is useful.

It concludes a lot of vitamins, promotes fat burning, has antobacterial and antifungal properties, has a property to reduce cholesterol levels in the body, has a positive effect with diabetes mellitus and obesity, and also improves metabolism.

Like all orange-yellow fruits, Grapefruit keeps carotenoids in itself, which warn the appearance of malignant formations, is also rich in beta-carotene. It should be mentioned that directly in the white pulp of the fetus contains strong antioxidants, such as pectin and bioflavonoids, which favorably eliminate cholesterol from the body, and also normalize the metabolism.

In addition, grapefruit contains liquid, it struggles with toxins, slags and unfavorable ecology.

Due to the low glycemic index, this fruit can reduce blood sugar levels by naturally.

In addition, the benefits of grapefruit is explained by the presence of fiber and organic acids, as well as useful essential oils. The grapefruit oil contains glycosides and bioflavonoids, which in turn strengthen the walls of the vessels, and also retain and increase their elasticity, due to this prevents hemorrhages.

Grapefruit contains a special substance - Narygan. It is it that improves the activity of the intestine, stimulates digestion, prevents the absorption of fats, accelerates the metabolism, and this in turn contributes to weight loss.

Grapefruit diet

Doctors nutritionists note that freshly squeezed grapefruit juice has a tonic effect on the body as a whole, it leads to the normal work of the intestine, gallbladder and liver. In the period after the disease, it is also useful to use grapefruit. However, it is not necessary to get involved in eating this fruit, especially if you take medicines.

It should be noted that grapefruit actually improves digestion and helps when weighing, but it is worth mentioning that citrus fruits only improve the fat exchange, and without good physical exertion and reduce the daily consumption of calories, it is unlikely to reset the excess weight.

Application of grapefruit in folk medicine

Grapefruit cut in half, sprinkle with sugar and cinnamon and baked in the oven. Such a dish is recommended to use as a medicine from stress and anxiety, since grapefruit helps to cope with the state of depression and depression.

For those who wish to strengthen the gums and teeth can advise the next people's recipe. We clean the fruit from the peel, soaked it in boiled water for about 20 minutes. Then they fix this decoction and wrinkle your mouth.

If you suffer from low stomach acidity, you can also help grapefruit juice. To do this, it should be consumed 2-3 times a day of 200-250 ml.

Grapefruit in cosmetology

As is known, grapefruit essential oil is rich in vitamins, so it is actively used in the manufacture of various cosmetics: creams, lotions, shower gels. In addition, the use of grapefruit is noticeable when swelling and cellulite. In addition, grapefruit oil normalizes the balance of fats in the body, shows disinfectant properties and keeps the skin in the tone. Masks, the basis of which was this fruit, impede the premature aging of the skin.

In the cosmetic industry, not only the pulp and essential oil of grapefruit, but also its peel is used. Made of lotions and masks made of grapefruit and masks with its juice contribute to strengthening and feeding the skin of the face and neck with normal and oily skin. The juice of this fetus favors whitening the skin, it is even able to withdraw the freckle.

Soften your arms, remove the peeling and strengthen the nails will help the fruit peel. Having cleaned grapefruit and leaving a little pulp on the skin, carefully massage her hands, and you reach the desired effect.
Take a bath containing the juice or essential oil of grapefruit. From this, your skin will become velvety and soft, and applying the scrub from this fruit and sea saltYou can warn cellulite.
In addition to all the above juice and essential oil of grapefruit are distributed in the confectionery and the liquor industries. Also, some properties of grapefruit are used in perfumery. Grapefruit has a specific fragrance that is able to raise the mood, makes you feel younger than not only in the soul, but also in the eyes of the people around us.