Spielberger's online situational and personal anxiety test. Determination of the level of anxiety (Spielberger-Khanin method)

Certain level anxiety- a natural and obligatory feature of an active active personality. Each person has his own optimal, or desirable, level of anxiety - this is the so-called useful anxiety. A person's assessment of his condition in this regard is for him an essential component of self-control and self-education.

Under personal anxiety is understood as a stable individual characteristic reflecting the subject's predisposition to anxiety and suggesting that he has a tendency to perceive a fairly wide "fan" of situations as threatening, responding to each of them with a certain reaction. As a predisposition, personal anxiety is activated when certain stimuli are perceived by a person as dangerous for self-esteem and self-esteem. Situational orreactive anxiety how condition characterized by subjectively experienced emotions: tension, anxiety, concern, nervousness. This condition occurs as an emotional reaction to stressful situation and can be different in intensity and dynamism over time.

This questionnaire allows you to differentially measure anxiety and how personality trait, And How condition.

Test Material

Situational anxiety scale (ST)

Instruction. Read each of the sentences below carefully and cross out a number in the appropriate box to the right, depending on how you are currently feeling. Do not think about the questions for a long time, since there are no right or wrong answers.

1. I am calm
2. Nothing threatens me
3. I'm on my toes
4. I'm internally shackled
5. I feel free
6. I'm sad
7. I am worried about possible failures.
8. I feel peace of mind
9. I am alarmed
10. I feel a sense of inner satisfaction
11. I am confident in myself
12. I'm nervous
13. I can't find a place for myself
14. I'm screwed up

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Personal Anxiety Scale (LT)

Instruction. Read each of the sentences below carefully and cross out the number in the appropriate box to the right, depending on how you usually feel. Don't think too long about the questions, as there are no right or wrong answers.

Never	Almost never	Often	Almost always
1	2	3	4

1. I get high spirits
2. I can be irritable
3. I get upset easily
4. I would like to be as lucky as others
5. I am very worried about troubles and cannot forget about them for a long time.
6. I feel energized and willing to work
7. I am calm, cold-blooded and collected
8. I am worried about possible difficulties
9. I'm too worried about trifles
10. I am quite happy
11. I take everything to heart
12. I lack confidence in myself
13. I feel defenseless
14. I try to avoid critical situations and difficulties.

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3. Rights in VK: " Access to the list of friends" and " Access at any time”Are required so that you can see the tests that your friends have passed and see how many answers you have matched as a percentage. Wherein friends won't see answers to questions and the results of your tests, and you will not see the results of them (see p. 1).
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The key to the test

ST	Answers				LT	Answers
№№	1	2	3	4	№№	1	2	3	4
Situational anxiety					Personal anxiety
1	4	3	2	1	21	4	3	2	1
2	4	3	2	1	22	1	2	3	4
3	1	2	3	4	23	1	2	3	4
4	1	2	3	4	24	1	2	3	4
5	4	3	2	1	25	1	2	3	4
6	1	2	3	4	26	4	3	2	1
7	1	2	3	4	27	4	3	2	1
8	4	3	2	1	28	1	2	3	4
9	1	2	3	4	29	1	2	3	4
10	4	3	2	1	30	4	3	2	1
11	4	3	2	1	31	1	2	3	4
12	1	2	3	4	32	1	2	3	4
13	1	2	3	4	33	1	2	3	4
14	1	2	3	4	34	1	2	3	4
15	4	3	2	1	35	1	2	3	4
16	4	3	2	1	36	4	3	2	1
17	1	2	3	4	37	1	2	3	4
18	1	2	3	4	38	1	2	3	4
19	4	3	2	1	39	4	3	2	1
20	4	3	2	1	40	1	2	3	4

Processing and analysis of test results

When analyzing the results of self-assessment of anxiety, it should be borne in mind that the overall final indicator for each of the subscales can range from 20 to 80 points. Moreover, the higher the final indicator, the higher the level of anxiety (situational or personal).

When interpreting indicators, the following indicative estimates of anxiety can be used:

• up to 30 points- low,
• 31 - 44 points- moderate;
• 45 and more- high.

Persons attributable to the category highly anxious tend to perceive a threat to their self-esteem and life activity in a wide range of situations and react with a very pronounced state of anxiety. If the psychological test expresses in the subject a high indicator of personal anxiety, then this gives reason to assume that he has a state of anxiety in various situations, especially when they relate to the assessment of his competence and prestige.

Persons with high anxiety score a sense of confidence and success should be developed. They need to shift the emphasis from external exactingness, categoricalness, high importance in setting tasks to meaningful comprehension of activities and specific planning for subtasks.

For low anxiety people, on the contrary, require the awakening of activity, emphasizing the motivational components of activity, arousing interest, highlighting a sense of responsibility in solving certain problems.

Sources of

• Research on anxiety (C.D. Spielberger, adaptation by Yu.L. Khanin)/ Diagnostics of emotional and moral development. Ed. and comp. Dermanova I.B. - SPb., 2002.S. 124-126.

Feelings of anxiety are most common among people. There are hundreds, if not thousands of reasons that make a person nervous and anxious. It's okay to feel anxious. But if this feeling does not go away and, moreover, is aggravated, then it is worth asking for help.

Studies show that too high level anxiety can adversely affect health. To avoid negative consequences and to determine the personal in a timely manner, there is the Spielberger-Khanin method.

Basic concepts

The Spielberger-Khanin technique is based on concepts such as "anxiety" and "anxiety". By anxiety, it is customary to mean a kind of emotional state in which there is strong excitement, unreasonable or caused by certain factors anxiety. Quite often, these symptoms can be observed in a person without any reason. Such a state is natural only if it does not disorganize vital activity.

The second concept of the Spielberger-Khanin technique is anxiety. It is customary to consider it as a process of experiencing anxiety, which has a low threshold for the manifestation of a reaction. Looking at what caused the emergence of anxiety, two of its subspecies are distinguished: situational and personal.

From the names it is already clear that situational anxiety is a change in the emotional background due to a changed situation (a quarrel with a friend, a wedding, the death of a relative, etc.). Personal anxiety can arise, so to speak, from scratch. This is a stable personality trait. There are people who can suppress their emotions, and there are those whose mood changes from the slightest breath of wind.

Psychodiagnostic methods

In psychodiagnostics, there are not so few methods to assess the degree of anxiety in a patient. As a rule, they are used when working with children, in particular, if the child is from dysfunctional family as well as in clinical psychiatry and counseling psychology. The most popular methods for determining the degree of anxiety are considered to be the Taylor technique and the Spielberger-Hanin technique.

In addition to them, the following are in demand:

• Depressive mood tests (Zhmurov, Zunge).
• Methods for studying the level of stress resistance and adaptation in society (Rage, Holmes).
• Tests for determining social frustration (Wasserman).
• Diagnostic technique for the degree of subjective control (Rotter).

For more detailed study the patient's condition, a complex consisting of several techniques can be used.

Anxiety scale

Despite the abundance of methods, only the method of Ch. Spielberger and Yu. Khanin can simultaneously measure anxiety as a state of health and as a characteristic of a person. The technique was developed by the American clinical psychologist Charles Spielberger, adapted to domestic realities by Yuri Khanin, which is why it got its name.

It is considered to be one of the best diagnostics. The Spielberger-Hanin technique consists of a questionnaire containing 40 statements. Items from 1 to 20 are focused on determining the level of situational anxiety. Items numbered 21-41 will characterize personal anxiety.

By the way, this questionnaire is adapted for 52 foreign language and is recognized as an international method for determining the degree of anxiety and anxiety.

Situational anxiety

The Spielberger-Khanin technique is a questionnaire-table in which statements are written on the left. Opposite each of them there is a row of numbers from 1 to 4. They show the patient's level of agreement with the statement. The higher the number, the greater the level of agreement. In a specific test, the following evaluation criteria are present:

• Very rarely (almost never) - 1 point.
• Rarely - 2.
• Often - 3.
• Very often (almost always) - 4.

In this scale of statements, a special emphasis is placed on determining the state of the patient at a particular moment. This helps the psychologist to quickly understand how certain changes affect a person.

Personal anxiety

This is not the case for the cognitive-oriented personal anxiety scale. inner peace person. The second block of questions of the Spielberger-Khanin method consists of the following statements:

• I can be in high spirits.
• At times I feel irritable.
• It's easy to upset me.
• I would like to be as lucky as the others.
• I have been worrying about troubles for a long time.
• I feel full of energy.
• Always impartial and calm.
• I'm worried about future difficulties.
• Even trifles make me nervous.
• Sometimes I feel a surge of happiness.
• I take all events too seriously.
• I want to have more confidence.
• I feel my own defenselessness.
• I try not to get involved in difficult situations.
• At times blues.
• Sometimes I feel satisfied.
• Distracted and disturbed by petty matters.
• I feel like a failure at times.
• I worry whenever I think about my business.

Data processing

Questions should be answered without hesitation. To get the result, you need to sum up all the numbers obtained for each of the scales. Within one stage of diagnosis, a person can score from 20 to 80 points. Accordingly, the higher the total number, the higher the degree of anxiety.

So, it can be determined that patients with the number of points from 20 to 30 have a low level of anxiety. Those who received from 31 to 43 points have an average level of anxiety. Those whose indicators exceed the 65 point mark may experience psychosomatic disorders against a background of increased anxiety. Very often they will require psychological (and often medical) assistance.

But practicing psychologists working with the methodology of I. Spielberger and Y. Khanin pay attention to one more nuance - this is a low level of assessments. After all, it cannot be ruled out that the patient simply wanted to present himself in a more favorable light. In addition, complete emotional insensitivity and passivity may indicate prolonged depression, apathy, burnout or overwork.

Thus, the Spielberger-Hanin test can perfectly diagnose a person's anxiety level. In addition, you can use it yourself to determine your emotional state at a specific period of time.

Anxiety is understood as a special emotional state that often arises in a person and is expressed in increased emotional tension, accompanied by fears, anxiety, fears that interfere with normal activities or communication with people. Anxiety is an important personal quality of a person, quite stable. The existence of two qualitatively different types of anxiety has been proven: personal and situational.

Personal anxiety is understood as an individual personality trait of a person, reflecting his predisposition to emotionally negative reactions to various life situations, carrying a threat to his I (self-esteem, level of claims, attitude towards oneself, etc.). Personal anxiety is a person's stable tendency to respond to such social situations with increased anxiety and anxiety.

Situational anxiety is defined as a temporary, stable state of anxiety only in certain life situations, generated by such situations and, as a rule, does not arise in other situations. This state occurs as a habitual emotional and behavioral reaction to this kind of situation. They, for example, can be negotiations with officials, phone calls, exam tests, communication with strangers of the opposite sex or age other than the given person.

For each specific person, personal and situational anxiety is developed to varying degrees, so that each, meaning his anxiety, can be characterized by two indicators: personal and situational anxiety.

The methodology presented below, developed by Spielberger, is intended for the simultaneous assessment of the two named types of anxiety. It includes two scales, each of which separately assesses personal or situational anxiety. Below, in table 20, descriptions of these scales are given.

Situational anxiety scale (ST)

Instruction. Read each of the sentences below carefully and cross out a number in the appropriate box to the right, depending on how you are currently feeling. Do not think about the questions for a long time, since there are no right or wrong answers.

Personal Anxiety Scale (LT)

Instruction. Read each of the sentences below carefully and cross out the number in the appropriate box to the right, depending on how you usually feel. Don't think too long about the questions, as there are no right or wrong answers.

Key

Evaluation of results

Using the key to this technique, the number of points received by the subjects for their chosen answers to the judgments of the above scales is determined. The total number of points scored on all questions of the scale is divided by 20, and the final indicator is considered as an index of the level of development of the corresponding type of anxiety in a given subject.

Conclusions about the level of development

3.5-4.0 points- very high anxiety.

3.0-3.4 points- high anxiety.

2.0-2.9 points- average anxiety.

1.5-1.9 points- low anxiety.

0.0-1.4 points- very low anxiety.

Aggressiveness

Scales: situational anxiety, personal anxiety

Test purpose

A certain level of anxiety is a natural and obligatory feature of an active active personality. Each person has his own optimal, or desirable, level of anxiety - this is the so-called useful anxiety. A person's assessment of his condition in this regard is for him an essential component of self-control and self-education.

Personal anxiety is understood as a stable individual characteristic reflecting the subject's predisposition to anxiety and suggesting that he has a tendency to perceive a fairly wide "fan" of situations as threatening, responding to each of them with a certain reaction. As a predisposition, personal anxiety is activated when certain stimuli are perceived by a person as dangerous for self-esteem and self-esteem. Situational or reactive anxiety as a state is characterized by subjectively experienced emotions: tension, anxiety, concern, nervousness. This state arises as an emotional reaction to a stressful situation and can be different in intensity and dynamism over time.

This questionnaire makes it possible to differentially measure anxiety both as a personal property and as a state.

Test

Situational anxiety scale (ST)

Instruction. Read each of the sentences below carefully and cross out a number in the appropriate box to the right, depending on how you are currently feeling. Do not think about the questions for a long time, since there are no right or wrong answers.

No, it’s not so Probably so Right Quite right
1 2 3 4

1. I am calm
2. Nothing threatens me
3. I'm on my toes
4. I am internally constrained
5. I feel free
6. I'm upset
7. I am worried about possible failures.
8. I feel peace of mind
9. I am anxious
10. I feel a sense of inner satisfaction
11. I'm confident
12. I'm nervous
13. I can't find a place for myself
14. I'm high-strung
15. I do not feel stiffness, tension
16. I'm happy
17. I'm concerned
18. I'm too horny and uncomfortable.
19. I'm happy
20. I am pleased

Personal Anxiety Scale (LT)

Instructions... Read each of the sentences below carefully and cross out the number in the appropriate box to the right, depending on how you usually feel. Don't think too long about the questions, as there are no right or wrong answers.

Never Almost never Often Almost always
1 2 3 4

21. I get high spirits.
22. I can be irritable
23. I get upset easily
24. I would like to be as lucky as others
25. I am very worried about troubles and cannot forget about them for a long time.
26. I feel energized and willing to work.
27. I am calm, cold-blooded and collected
28. I am worried about possible difficulties
29. I'm too worried about trifles
30. I can be quite happy
31. I take everything to heart
32. I lack self-confidence
33. I feel defenseless
34. I try to avoid critical situations and difficulties.
35. I have a blues
36. I am happy
37. Any trifles distract and excite me
38. It happens that I feel like a failure.
39. I'm a balanced person
40. Anxiety grips me when I think about my affairs and worries

Processing and interpretation of test results

The key to the test

ST Answers LT Answers
№ 1 2 3 4 № 1 2 3 4
Situational anxiety Personal anxiety
1 4 3 2 1 21 4 3 2 1
2 4 3 2 1 22 1 2 3 4
3 1 2 3 4 23 1 2 3 4
4 1 2 3 4 24 1 2 3 4
5 4 3 2 1 25 1 2 3 4
6 1 2 3 4 26 4 3 2 1
7 1 2 3 4 27 4 3 2 1
8 4 3 2 1 28 1 2 3 4
9 1 2 3 4 29 1 2 3 4
10 4 3 2 1 30 4 3 2 1
11 4 3 2 1 31 1 2 3 4
12 1 2 3 4 32 1 2 3 4
13 1 2 3 4 33 1 2 3 4
14 1 2 3 4 34 1 2 3 4
15 4 3 2 1 35 1 2 3 4
16 4 3 2 1 36 4 3 2 1
17 1 2 3 4 37 1 2 3 4
18 1 2 3 4 38 1 2 3 4
19 4 3 2 1 39 4 3 2 1
20 4 3 2 1 40 1 2 3 4

Processing and analysis of test results

When analyzing the results of self-assessment of anxiety, it should be borne in mind that the overall final indicator for each of the subscales can range from 20 to 80 points. Moreover, the higher the final indicator, the higher the level of anxiety (situational or personal).

When interpreting indicators, you can use the following rough estimates of anxiety:

. up to 30 points- low,
. 31 - 44 points- moderate;
. 45 and more- high.

Individuals classified as highly anxious tend to perceive a threat to their self-esteem and life activity in a wide range of situations and react with a very pronounced state of anxiety. If the psychological test expresses in the subject a high indicator of personal anxiety, then this gives reason to assume that he has a state of anxiety in various situations, especially when they relate to the assessment of his competence and prestige.

Individuals with a high score for anxiety should develop a sense of confidence and success. They need to shift the emphasis from external exactingness, categoricalness, high importance in setting tasks to meaningful comprehension of activities and specific planning for subtasks.

For low-anxiety people, on the contrary, it is required to awaken activity, emphasize the motivational components of activity, arouse interest, highlight a sense of responsibility in solving certain problems.

Sources of

Emotional experiences are an essential component of human adaptive behavior. The most pronounced emotional reactions, which include anxiety, as a rule, arise at critical moments of imbalance in the interaction of a person and the environment. At the same time, it is important that both the feeling of anxiety and the corresponding behavioral manifestations are largely the result of a person's subjective assessment of external requirements and their internal resources. However, one should not forget that a certain level of anxiety is a natural and obligatory feature. vigorous activity personality. Each person has his own optimal, or desirable, level of anxiety - this is the so-called useful anxiety ...

In the psychological phenomenon of anxiety, scientists distinguish two components: anxiety as a state and anxiety as a personality trait.

Anxiety as a condition(situational anxiety, reactive anxiety, anxiety state) is characterized by subjectively experienced emotions: dynamic tension, anxiety, concern, nervousness. This state arises as an emotional reaction to a stressful situation (a person's situational inability to cope with demands specific task and / or expectations of a partner, fear of a negative assessment or aggressive reaction, perception of an unfavorable attitude towards oneself) and differs in varying intensity. Since the measurement of situational anxiety is a kind of one-step "photograph" of the emotional state of an individual, its level changes over time depending on how much a person regards his environment as dangerous or threatening.

Anxiety as a personality trait(personal anxiety, active anxiety) is a stable individual characteristic of the degree of a person's susceptibility to the action of various stressors. It reflects the subject's predisposition to anxiety and suggests that he has a tendency to perceive a fairly wide "fan" of objectively safe situations as threatening, responding to each of them with a certain reaction (increased reactive anxiety). As a rule, the intensity of experiences does not correspond to the magnitude of the real danger and characterizes the past experience of the individual, that is, how often he had to experience a state of situational anxiety.

The only technique that allows you to differentially measure anxiety as a personal property and as a state is the technique proposed by Charles D. Spielberger ( Ch. D. Spielberger) and adapted by Yuri Khanin.

Scale of situational (reactive) and personal anxiety
Spielberger-Khanin

The scale consists of two subscales for measuring two forms of anxiety: the subscale for assessing situational anxiety, which diagnoses well-being At the moment, and subscales for assessing personal anxiety, which determines common a person's well-being.

Situational anxiety assessment subscale (ST)

Instructions: At the moment

1 - no, this is not at all true
2 - perhaps so
3 - true
4 - quite right

Answer Form (CT)

Full Name

Subscale for assessing personal anxiety (LT)

Instructions: Read the following judgments carefully. Rate how each matches how you feel. usually... Since there are no right or wrong answers, answer without hesitation. Please check the box corresponding to your choice:

1 - no, this is not at all true
2 - perhaps so
3 - true
4 - quite right

Answer Form (LT)

______________________________________________________
Full Name

Processing of results

Indicators of situational and personal anxiety are calculated using the formulas.

Situational anxiety:

CT = ∑1 - ∑2 + 50,

where ∑1 is the sum of points for such subscale items: 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18;
∑2 - the sum of points for the following subscale items: 1, 2, 5, 8, 10, 11, 15, 16, 19, 20.

Personal anxiety:

LT = ∑1 - ∑2 + 35,

where ∑1 is the sum of points for such subscale items: 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20;
∑2 - the sum of points for the following subscale items: 1, 6, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19.

To facilitate the scoring procedure, we suggest using the Scoring Form.

Form for calculating results

Abridged version
assessments of situational anxiety

To assess the dynamics and control of the state of anxiety (for example, before and after correction), an abbreviated procedure for assessing situational anxiety can be used. At the same time, it takes only 10-15 seconds to fill out the form.

Instructions: Read the following judgments carefully. Rate how each matches how you feel. At the moment... Since there are no right or wrong answers, answer without hesitation. Please check the box corresponding to your choice:

1 - no, this is not at all true
2 - perhaps so
3 - true
4 - quite right

Answer Form (ST abbr.)

______________________________________________________
Full Name

Processing of results

Indicators for assessing situational anxiety according to the abbreviated version are calculated as follows:

ST abbr. = ((∑1 - ∑2) + 15): 4,

where ∑1 is the sum of points for items 2 and 5 of the subscale;
∑2 - the sum of points for items 1, 3 and 4 of the subscale.

Interpretation of the obtained results

The final score for each of the subscales can range from 20 to 80 points. Moreover, the higher the final indicator, the higher the level of anxiety (situational or personal). When interpreting indicators, one can focus on the following assessments of anxiety:

• up to 30 points - low;
• 31–44 points - moderate;
• 45 or more - high.

Individuals classified as highly anxious tend to perceive a threat to their self-esteem and life in a wide range of situations and react with a pronounced state of anxiety. If the psychological test reveals in the subject a high level of personal anxiety, then this gives reason to assume that he has a state of anxiety in various situations (especially when they relate to the assessment of his competence and prestige). To correct this state, it is recommended to reduce the subjective significance of the situation and tasks and to shift the emphasis on comprehending activities and the formation of a person's sense of confidence in success. Very high personal anxiety may indicate the presence of a neurotic conflict, which, under unfavorable conditions, can provoke emotional breakdowns and even psychosomatic diseases... It should always be remembered that significant deviations from the level of moderate anxiety require special attention.

Low anxiety signals that the subject needs to increase his sense of responsibility and awareness of the real motives of his own activity. But sometimes very low anxiety is evidence of an active repression of high anxiety by a person in order to show himself in the “best light”.

Anxiety and anxiety are known to be closely related to stress. Due to this, tests assessing the severity of anxiety can also be successfully used to diagnose the level of stress. At the same time, situational anxiety will characterize the level of stress at the moment, and personal anxiety - vulnerability (or resistance) to the effects of various stressors in general.

Assessment of anxiety as a stable personality trait is important in the selection of personnel, the formation of teams, taking into account psychological compatibility, especially for work in conditions of increased danger, when performers are needed who are responsible, careful, capable of analyzing and generalizing information, avoiding conflict situations.

• Psychology: Personality and Business

Keywords:

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