Years of life: 1737 - 1799g.

IN Russia XVIII The century architecture was perhaps the most prosperous type of art, which was especially brightly embodied in the work of Vasily Ivanovich Bazhenov, although he managed to carry out a negligible part of his grand ideas.

He was Muscovite, born in the family of a poor church (about the place and time of the birth of a great architect, researchers still argue). "I will yield here to mention that I was already born an artist. I studied on the sand, on paper, on the walls, - told about myself Bazhenov himself. "... By the way, in the winter from the snow did the chambers and statues, which would now and now I wanted to see." But the boy was given to singers in a passionate monastery: on a long tradition, he should have followed in the footsteps of the Father. All the same, he was unrestrained to draw: "I have endured all saints from the church to the thoughts for the transitions to the walls and made them with my composition, for which I was caught and often".

At the age of 15, he himself found himself a teacher, a shattered painter who had drawn, had, instead of the right hand or left left. But he took the boy "Christ for himself," that is, for free, and he could teach him at least the simplest receptions of the crafts. Soon both of them were the participants in the huge and rush state construction - burned herd wooden tsarsh Palace In Leforte, on the outskirts of Moscow, and Empress Elizabeth, who moved into an uncomfortable little building, ordered to rebuild the palace immediately. And he rose again as in a fairy tale - for a month with a little! It's not then a young painter who painted the stove under marble in the still smelled of the palace, wanted to become precisely architect and in his way to create the same wonders?

At the construction site, his ability noticed. Prince D.V. Thomsky, the main Moscow architect, began to entrust him independent work. A year later, the fate of Bazhenova occurred a new turn: he was taken to Moscow University. Soon the Trustee of the University of M.I. Shuvalov demanded to send to Peterburg those who were appointed to study "Arts". On Bazhenova, obviously, hopes were already pinned: settled in the figure Shuvalovsky Palace, presented to the Empress itself and gave to the workshop of the architect S.I. Chevakinsky. He is studying french, mathematics, diligently overstate from the book of the order - classic antique columns with their overlaps, the alphabet of then architecture. And in the summer it works at construction sites, which leads his energetic mentor in St. Petersburg.

"Then the Academy of Arts Me I first began," the Bazhenov argued with pride. In the fall founded in the fall of 1757, he was elder from pupils, there was already a lot, and for younger became, probably not so much a friend as the first teacher. Three years later (to others to do a lot longer), he rides with the young painter Anton Losenko abroad.

In France, Bazhenov first saw not only on engravings and drawings new architectureThe academic mentors - Moskvich A.F. Kocorinov and Parisan Z. Ballen-Demotamin and Parisian J. B. Vilen-Demotamov: elegant and at the same time, the strict buildings of simple rectilinear outlines with uniform, clear rows of slender columns. This style will then be called classicism. To change the stormy feeling embodied in a dynamic and complex baroque architecture, a clear mind and a calm harmony, relying on the ancient traditions, came. The rules of the new style and teach Bazhenova a brilliant architect Charles de Vaia. "My comrades, the French are young, I cried my searchlights and the greediness copied them," then Bazhenov boasted. Apparently, he was already standing out among the coarterers ingenuity and a bright fantasy.

Then ITALY was, the birthplace of the magnificent baroque and, more importantly, the country of the ancient ruins, the genuine antiquity, in which classicists were simply peering. But one and a half years in Italy were not easy to get nervous, impressionable Bazhenov. There was not enough money, Skapor and not at the time of sent from St. Petersburg, he was alone, he was deceived, even attacked the robbers to him ... With difficulty reached Bazhenov to Paris and got stuck here until the Academy gathered to pay his debts and the road home.

He returned to St. Petersburg directly to the big celebration in honor of the new Charter of the Academy of Arts. But Academy Bazhenova offended. He was sewed a parade uniform, for which they then demanded money, produced in academics, but a long promised professorial position, and therefore, the salary did not appoint. He was not needed to be replaced here. In addition, Bazhenovo staged a test, from which other academics were delivered, "a small project was proposed to confirm the high title ... He performed it with a glitter and scope, far surpassing a given modest program. But things still needed to look for himself. Of course, there was enough work: Bazhenov designs for the pet Ekaterina II Count Gregory Orlova, for the young heir to the throne of Paul, and also, and more. Finally, Orlov, commander of artillery and fortification, invites Bazhenova to his service, having collapsed by the Empress unexpected for the architect Chin of Captain Artillery. Together with the patron and the entire Tsarskiy Dvor Bazhenov leaves Petersburg and in early 1767 returns to his native Moscow.

Here and there was a real, according to his forces and aspirations, the matter. It was necessary to rebuild the Kremlin! The reason was obviously political. Catherine II decided to make it possible to make a new, reasonably compiled by the Code of Law. To do this, the Commission from representatives of different estates was convened in the Kremlin Granovic Chamber. Meanwhile, the Kremlin himself was in extreme launch and dilapidation, and most importantly, his ancient architecture was represented by the enlightened people of the XVIII century disorderly and shapeless.

Followed by retaining the revered shrines and the best buildings, clear the Kremlin, to give his appearance inherent in classicism equilibrium and symmetry. Bazhenov plans straight streets, fan diverging from the ancient Trinity gates, new squares. Then the idea expands: the idea of \u200b\u200ba huge palace arises, which will take the entire southern part of the Kremlin. In the center, he will put forward to the Moscow River Embankment by the powerful protrusion, on the sides - rounded inside, merging into one whole with other Kremlin buildings.

The Kremlin begins breaking the old buildings, the walls are crumbling, unprecedented views open in the clouds of pink brick dust. The inner area of \u200b\u200bthe Kremlin, yesterday, even closed, now they can even be seen from the other bank of the river.

However, in the spring of 1771, the work had to be stopped: the trouble grew into Moscow - the epidemic of the plague. Rigid, but few effective measures of the authorities caused displeasure citizens. Bunth broke out, killed by a terrible Moscow archbishop of amvrosy, the crowd rises his relatives in the Kremlin, two steps from the model house. Bazhenov there, he is afraid of the fate of his precious, built out of dry wood, model. But the riot was suppressed in two days, the model survived, the epidemic was subsided only by winter.

The next summer holiday opens new stage Works - removes the land under the Palace foundation, which will be laid a year later in an even more solemn atmosphere.

But the years went, and above the foundation the construction was not raised. There was a lack of funds, more and more were leaving for the drainage of the RVs, to strengthen the watered, undermined, departed by the deposits of the Kremlin Hill: if he eats, the ancient cathedrals standing on it can collapse. And in the spring of 1775, the Empress ordered to fall asleep the pit, and therefore stop working. The case was, of course, not in some cathedrals, they could save them and otherwise. Just the Bazhenov Grand Palace was no longer needed. His political circumstances have changed.

Leading a backfill of the hiding offended Bazhenov refused: "I leave someone who will be elected for the benefit." In the meantime, he builds outside the city, on the Khodynsky field, wooden pavilions for the celebration of victory over the Turks. The bizarre buildings of non-classical, conditionally eastern architecture symbolize Taganrog, Kerch, Azov and other cities, who have moved after the victory to Russia.

Elegant unusual buildings Ekaterina liked. So she wants to see his new estate - just bought in Moscow Tsaritsyno.

On the hillside, the hill descending to a large pond, Bazhenov placed, it would seem free of combat, many relatively small structures of red bricks. He wanted to decorate them with colored tips, on the manner of old Moscow buildings. But the Empress has rejected this idea, and then the red brick was spectacularly shaped inserts from the carved white stone.

They felt in the guise of Tsaritsyn some kind of artificial old man, conditional, almost toy Middle Ages. In those days, the entire medieval architecture, not very distinguishing epochs and countries, called "Gothic". Classicists considered her "wrong", distorted by ignorance of previous builders, but she still Manila Bazhenova. True, in the construction of Tsaritsyn, he did not adhere to some particular style: he was fluently combined with the patterned brickwork of the Russian buildings of the XVII century with the patterned brickwork, used the state symbolism in a white-chamber thread - here and Monatherine, and the two-headed state eagle.

Ten years built Bazhenov Tsaritsyno. Every spring he moved there with his family from the recently purchased city building to be constantly during the work. Here, unlike the Kremlin, he did everything: he ordered finances, bought materials in advance, hired workers. The construction was growing up, and the money came from St. Petersburg everything is slower. Vasily Ivanovich, that and the matter turned out to be guilty. In addition, they suffered debts, litigation. He was tired, in 40 years he felt an old man. Children sick in Cheese, the younger son died ...

In the summer of 1785, the Empress, who did not happen in Moscow for ten years, finally came and visited almost the first manor, who became acquainted with her only in drawings. The elegant houses seemed to her small and close - everything looked on paper. Tsaritsyno, she ordered to rebuild, but from the two submitted projects, not Bazhenovsky chosen, and his former Kremlin assistant to the architect Cossack. Some of the estate buildings broke, a new palace began to build on their place. Others remained not trimmed inside, non-residential. Bazhenova fired in a long vacation ...

Even before his second, Tsaritsynskaya, the arcadegen's catastrophe appeared new friends, who helped overcome spiritual confusion and despair. These were masons, members of a religious and moral society, preaching spiritual self-improvement and charity, prone to mysticism and mysterious rites. "" Bazhenov was published with the heir to the throne Pavl Petrovich and, coming to Petersburg, Masonic books printed in Moscow. Suspicious Catherine accused Masons in the fact that they want to "catch" the heir to their sect, subordinate to themselves. It was a state crime. Nikolai Novikov suffered more than all, a journalist and the publisher who once adopted Bazhenova in the Masonic Order. The architect himself was not touched, but the work for him in the queen was no longer found.

Of course, Vasily Ivanovich performed not only royal orders, but we, unfortunately, we know much less: the paper of the architect and most of its customers are not preserved. It is quite reliably known that in the 1780s Bazhenov built a house for the rich P.E. Pashkov. The palace flashes on a high hill against the Moscow Kremlin (now it is the old building of the Russian state Library). Meanwhile, the task of the architect was difficult: the plot is uneven, on the one hand it turns around the mountain, and on the other - the dramatically narrowing. However, its inconvenience of Bazhenov managed to turn into dignity: put in the narrow end of the elegant gate, through which overlook the house, the facade widely unfolded on the edge of a hill over the garden descending to the city - a solution, it is not by chance that the Kremlin's restructuring project is not accidental.

In 1792, Bazhenov had to move to St. Petersburg, to the modest post of architect under the Admiralty. It is now building mainly in Kronstadt, barracks, a sugar factory, forest sheds, and often not according to its own, and in the old, many times used in the drawings - it was necessary to take the most important money to ensure that the artistic qualities of such buildings did not interest the admiralty officials. Therefore, they did not accept the last large architect project - the reconstruction after the fire of the Gallery Harbor on the Vasilyevsky Island in St. Petersburg: he was "very extensive and great," hence, roads ...

In 1796, Ekaterina II died. The long-time patron of Bazhenova Paul became the emperor. Vasily Ivanovich immediately received from him an important rank and a village with serfs - a thousand shower. In front of him again opened extensive creative opportunities ... is it too late? Does he have former forces for great ideas? Nothing like the Kremlin restructuring or Tsaritsyn, he will no longer create.

At the beginning of 1799, the emperor made an architect another gift: appointed it with the Viceventy Council of the Academy of Arts - to the position that was introduced specifically for Bazhenov. So the winner returned to his academy, which rejected him more than 30 years ago.

And the forces returned! A sixty-year-old Vicesedom was eager to refresh the dyeing academy, improving the upbringing of young artists, find talents. But the time for this, as it turned out, was no longer. In the summer of 1799, Bazhenova broke up paralysis, and on August 2 he died.

Pashkov's house was left, unfinished buildings in Tsaritsyn, Kronstadt sheds, some other estates, but who will be the author, will soon be forgotten and later becomes the subject of guesses and searches. The disparate drawings of unnecessary projects are preserved. The tremendous model of the Kremlin Palace, majestic, albeit almost 50 times, survived ... a little. But still the name Bazhenova is one of the brightest in Russian architecture, thanks to the scope of the ideas, freedom, strength and peculiarity of his creative fantasy.

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Presentation on the topic: Vasily Ivanovich Bazhenov

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Vasily Ivanovich Bazhenov was born in February 1737 in the family of Ivan Bazhenova, who served in the village of Dolko Maloyaroslavsky Caluga province. In 1753, Vasily took the architectural team led by Ukhtomsky. From 1751, the artist under the "architectural team" D. Ukhtomsky, participated in the decoration of the Golovinsky Palace in Moscow. In 1755 he entered Moscow University

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Petersburg academic gymnasium in which Bazhenov was transferred in 1756. In 1758-1760 was among the first listeners of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, he studied at A. F. Kokorinov and J. B. Wallen-Demotus. The first pensioner of the St. Petersburg Academy, was improved in the Paris Academy (1760-1762) and in Italy (1762-1764), where he received fame as a brilliant architectural draftsman and projector.

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But one and a half years in Italy were not easy to get nervous, impressionable Bazhenov. There was not enough money, scoop and not in the period sent from St. Petersburg, he was alone, he was deceived, even the robbers attacked him ... He hardly reached Bazhenov to Paris and here remained until the Academy of NA deigns to pay his debts and the road Home. In 1765 returned to St. Petersburg, received the title of academician. Soon Bazhenov left Petersburg and in early 1767 he returned to his native Moscow. Badges shortly after arrival in Moscow married. His wife became Agraphen Lucinica Krasukhin, the daughter of Kashirsky nobleman, early deceased.

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Bazhenov developed a grandiose project, which provided not only the reconstruction of the entire Kremlin ensemble, but also Red Square. In addition to the Apartments of the Empress, government agencies of Moscow should also be placed in the Kremlin. The main building of the palace should have gone to the Kremlin Hill from the Moscow River, for which part of the Kremlin wall with the towers was dismantled. The center of the composition was supposed to become an oval area with colonnades and an amphitheater for the audience, the main radial streets of the center of Moscow converged. A powerful rumbled base of the palace and a high colonnade had to hide the ancient buildings of the Cathedral Square, which would violate the traditional appearance of the Kremlin. When booking a palace in 1773, the architect said that the palace should serve the "decoration of the metropolitan town, to the ustay and pleasure of his people," but the project was never implemented. Multiple reasons prevented this: the destruction of the Kremlin caused discontent in society, especially in Moscow, grandiose construction threatened to undermine the budget of the state, which led the war with Turkey, and finally, Ekaterina did not want to alleviate Moscow. In 1775, the construction was interrupted that he was for the architect heavy blow. From the grand project, only drawings and a huge wooden model stored in State Museum Architecture named after A. V. Schuseva in Moscow.

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Tsaritsyno - Palace-Park Ensemble in the south of Moscow; It was laid on the command of Empress Catherine II in 1776. He is under the jurisdiction of the Museum-Reserve "Tsaritsyno", founded in 1984. Tsaritsyno is the most important monument of the so-called "Russian Gothic" Tsaritsyno - the largest pseudo-native building in the XVIII century and the only palace complex, developed in this style. The possibilities of the palace and park ensemble largely identified a new direction in Russian architecture: at different ends of the former Russian Empire There are many constructions of the end of XVIII and early XIX. century, which are created under the influence of Tsaritsyn. Thus, the historical parts of Tsaritsyn are important for understanding the transitional era in the Russian architecture of the turn of the century-seeming work on the Tsaritsyn ensemble, which became one of the vertices of the creativity of the ingenious architecture V. I. Bazhenova, turned around for him at the same time heavy drama.

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Pashkov House was built in 1784 - 1786 by order of the captain-lieutenant Life Guard Semenian regiment Peter Egorovich Pashkov. Three portico facade are located frontal. Pashkov House represents a rare example in world architecture, where, with such a composition of the facade, three portico applied, which are completely the same in their primary sizes and the number of columns. Only the Corinthian Corinthian Corinth Orders used was different than the composite Corinthian Order (in its details, drawn with greater freedom and originality compared to conventional canons). On the sides of the four-column portication, the statues set on the base columns are located. A complex ionic order with, so-called, diagonal capitals, is used by columns and pilasters of the flaghels. They emphasize the artistic autonomy and the role of the flaghole in the composition of the facade

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Named Vasily Bazhenova is connected
Many legends and myths, and herself
The identity of this ingenious and
Neumbnate Creator became for Russian
Architecture sign.

Vasily Bazhenov was born in 1738, in
Dyctery's family is one of the courtiers
Kremlin churches.
The passion for architecture manifested itself very early:
Little Vasya adored to draw buildings and
invented my own.
Talented boy noticed famous
architect Dmitry Ukhtomsky,
who took him to his school, where the gift Bazhenova
Opened fully. Soon the student already
worked with a teacher over various
projects in the capital, and then worked out and
Own style.

In Paris, Bazhenov took up
making buildings models from
Tree and cork. He created accurate
Copies of the Louvro Gallery, and later, in
Rome is the model of the Saint Cathedral
Peter.
His models were not easy
schematic projects, and
Works of art. They are
reflected spirit and artistic
Content architecture.

Fragment of wooden layout
Moscow Kremlin.
Architect V.I. Bazhenov

People's Solva says that the house
Pashkov also designed precisely
Vasily Bazhenov. This building is
One of the best samples of French
style in Russian architecture that
It was characteristic of him. But documents,
testifying to this not
left.
This house built on
Vagankovsky hill, for a long time
Single point in Moscow, from where
could look at the Kremlin
Towers "Hindas".

The palace flashes on a high hill against the Moscow Kremlin -
Now it is the old building of the library of the former Rumyantsevsky
Museum.
Meanwhile, the task of the architect was complicated: the plot is uneven,
On the one hand, turning under the mountain
And on the other, the sharply narrowing.
However, his inconvenience of Bazhenov masterfully managed to turn into
Advantages.
Architecture connoisseurs stressed that with all sophistication
composite techniques the artist's idea is different
courage, flight fantasy and at the same time
The smallest details. It is equally characteristic of
compositions in general and internal planning of premises and
external design.

In Europe, Bazhenov loved fantastic grandeur
buildings, became one of the first Russian architects,
who took into account the features of the landscape when creating
Project.
Bread House in Moscow Region Tsaritsyn

Project building of the current palace in
Ekateringof Park, with
greenhouses, zelers, carousels
and other vestments of luxury
time, composed was Bazhenov
academic program, degree
Professor. Performance is recognized
was the Council of the Academy quite
worthy, but the author of the project is left
In the rank of academician, which is obtained
three years earlier, passable for
border. In addition to damage to pride
Such injustice is serious
influenced only on material
Position of Vasily.

Bazhenov pretty quickly completed this order.
The palace was erected in the style of classicism.
Later it was rebuilt.
But there is a testimony of French
traveler who has seen a building in
Initial version: "It is very beautiful
especially due to their location (on
Bank of the Neva). " he said.

Upon joining the throne, Paul I
appointed his vice president
Academy of Arts and instructed him
make a project of Mikhailovsky Castle,
Prepare a collection of Russian drawings
buildings for historical research
domestic architecture and finally
Submit an explanation on the question:
What should be done to
Report Proper Development
Talents of Russian artists in
Academy of Arts.

Bazhenov with fervor
began to perform
merciful
instructions of the monarch
patron
domestic
art and much
would no doubt could
do if
Death did not stop

"Architectural Theater" of Moscow

teacher MHC, Azzanova Larisa Viktorovna Mkusosh P.ORletsi

Purpose:

To introduce students with outstanding architectural structures of Russian classicism in Moscow, show their beauty and uniqueness.

Bazhenov Vasily Ivanovich (1737 - 1799)

Vasily Bazhenov, Son of Dyachka one of the courtesy Kremlin churches. Its natural talent for art discovered in childhood, when he handled all sort of building in the ancient capital. The architect D.V. Thomsky drew attention to the passion for drawing Bazhenova and accepted him to his school. By that he was translated into the Academy of Arts.

Pashkov House

Architectural masterpiece of world importance. Warranty white palace, towers on the hill. The entrance to the courtyard of the estate leads through the arch of the front door. From the external facade of the building down the staircase at the foot of which the park is broken. Around the park is a beautiful adhesive fence with lanterns on the poles. The main house with two low filties, emphasizing the length of the ensemble.

The main house with two low filties, emphasizing the length of the ensemble. The lower part of the building is finished by Rust, performs forward and serves as a support for the ionic columns, the portico and two statues located along the edges at the level of the second floor. The arches of the window openings are decorated with stucco garlands and lion masks. At the top of the building is gazebo - Round superstructure in the form of a pavilion or arbors. On balustrade, antique vases are located, which gives the ease and elegance of knowledge. The beauty of the building is achieved by the rigor of proportions and the proportionality of the parts.

Cossacks Matvey Fedorovich (1738-1812)

Kazakov M.F.- Pupil D.V. Ukhtomsky, received education at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. Focused on Russian architectural traditions. Over 50 years of its activity, the appearance of the ancient capital has significantly changed. In 1768, together with Bazhenov, he worked on the creation of the Grand Kremlin Palace. The rank of architect from Catherine II was awarded

Petrovsky Palace (1775-1782)

The ensemble of the palace is unusual and original. The main courtyard is closed by one-story service case with interrupted eight towers (4 on each side). Classic motifs are combined with traditional ancient Russian (string arches and windows, barrel-shaped pillars, intricate platforms ...). Red brick walls are covered with a whimsical viscosity of white-eyed jewelry.

Senate Building in the Kremlin

Triangular in terms of building, decorated with a huge dome - rotonda . Centers of facades skillfully decorated with doric columns and pilasters. The rigor and simplicity of the appearance of the Senate go to the contrast with the lush interior of the round room. His finish is elegant and perfect. A number of Corinth columns go along the walls, embossed panels are placed between the columns. High dome (24.7 meters diameter) richly decorated with caissons.

Questions for fixing

one . Years of birth Bazhenova V.I.

2. What is the name of the round superstructure in the form of a pavilion?

3. Over what architectural constructions Kazakov M.F. Worked with Bazhenov?

4. Dates of the structure of the Petrovsky Palace

5. Dome diameter of the Round Hall

Vasily Ivanovich Bazhenov was born in February 1737 in the family of Ivan Bazhenova,
serving in the village of Dolsk Maloyaroslava County of Kaluga province.
In 1753, Vasily took the architectural team led by Ukhtomsky.
Since 1751 consisted as an artist with
"Architectural Team"
D. V. Ukhtomsky, participated in
Finishing of the Golovinsky Palace in
Moscow.
In 1755 entered Moscow
University

Petersburg academic gymnasium
in which Bazhenov turned in 1756
year.
In 1758-1760 was among the first
Listeners of the St. Petersburg Academy
art, studied at A. F. Kokorinov and
J. B. Wallen-delay. First
Pensioner of the St. Petersburg Academy,
Improved in Parisian
Academy (1760-1762) and in Italy
(1762-1764) where he received fame
As brilliant architectural
Draftsman and projector.

But one and a half years in Italy were not easy to get nervous, impressionable Bazhenov.
Lacked money, scoop and not in the period sent from St. Petersburg, he was alone, his
cheated, even the robbers attacked him ... I hardly got Bazhenov to
Paris and here remained until the Academy of National Assembly deign to pay for his debts
And the road home.
In 1765 returned to St. Petersburg, received the title of academician. Soon Bazhenov
Leatherburg left and in early 1767 returned to his native Moscow.
Bazhenov shortly after arrival in Moscow married. His wife became Agraphen
Lukichna Krasukhina, daughter of Kashirsky nobleman, early deceased.

The Grand Draft Reconstruction of the Kremlin (started in 1773, was not implemented)

Bazhenov developed a grand project, which provided for not only
Reconstruction of the entire Kremlin ensemble, but also Red Square. Besides
Apartments of the Empress, in the Kremlin were supposed to be accommodated and
Government agencies of Moscow. The main building of the palace was
Go up the Kremlin Hill from the Moscow River, for what was dismantled
Part of the Kremlin wall with towers. The center of the composition was supposed to become
oval area with colonnades and amphitheater for viewers, to her
The main radial streets of the center of Moscow constructed. Powerful rustic
Palace base and high colonnade had to hide ancient buildings
Cathedral Square, which would violate the traditional appearance of the Kremlin.
When booking the palace in 1773, the architect said that the palace should serve
"Decoration of the Metropolitan Grad, to the Utekh and the pleasure of their people," however
The project was never implemented. Prevented this several reasons:
The destruction of the Kremlin caused discontent in society, especially in Moscow,
Grand construction threatened to undermine the state budget that
Led war with Turkey, and finally, Catherine did not want to alleviate Moscow.
In 1775, construction was interrupted, which was for the architect
blow. From the grand project only the drawings and huge
Wooden model stored in the State Name Museum of Architecture
A. V. Schuseva in Moscow.

Palace and Park Ensemble Tsaritsyno

Tsaritsyno - Palace-Park Ensemble in the south of Moscow; laid by
The command of Empress Catherine II in 1776. Located in
Maintaining the Museum-Reserve "Tsaritsyno", founded in 1984.
Tsaritsyno is the most important monument of the so-called "Russian Gothic"
Tsaritsyno - the largest pseudo-native building in the XVIII century and
The only palace complex designed in this style.
The features of the palace and park ensemble largely identified a new
Direction in Russian architecture: at different ends of the former Russian
Empire There are many constructions of the late XVIII and early XIX century,
which are created under the influence of Tsaritsyn. Thus, historical parts
Tsaritsyn are important for understanding the transitional era in Russian architecture
Rowing centuries
Self-challenging work on the Tsaritsyn ensemble, which became one of
The vertices of the creativity of the brilliant architecture V. I. Bazhenova, turned around for him in
The same time is a heavy vitality.

Pashkova House (1784 - 1786)

Pashkov House was built in 1784 - 1786 by request of Captain-Lieutenant
Life Guard Semenian regiment Peter Egorovich Pashkov.
Three portico facade are located frontal. Pashkov House represents
Rare example in world architecture, where with such a facade composition
three portico are applied, exactly the same in their main
sizes and number of columns. Only the used order differ
In columns and pilasters of the central body used composite
Corinthian order, (in its details drawn up with greater freedom and
originality compared to conventional canons). On both sides
Four-column portico are located statues set on the base
Columns.
In the columns and pilasters of the flibels, a complex ionic order with,
So-called, diagonal capitals. They are emphasized
Art autonomy and role of flibels in the composition of the facade