Wrong verbs in Italian. Italian, Italy, independent study of Italian

Italian language is very beautiful! But what is the most interesting, with this apparent Multiple of Italians - their language is also very concise. They even often lower the pronouns (usually omitted, and not "not use" - and so clear what we are talking about). And it is clear only from the verb. They (verbs) can also be very short: VA. = found.

To better remember the conjugation of Italian verbs, fold them into the table not alphabetically, and by themes: "Verbs", "verbs of speech", "modal verbs", etc. The table is attached as an example. You can download the table and print, but you can also check with each version of the verb with handles on your textbooks (remember it better). Or even easier - make your table and make values \u200b\u200bthemselves.

After that, you need to assemble the bank of examples for each word. You do not need to put it in myself in itself, but along the way to study the Italian language, copy the examples and mark the marker in this table, to which words are already there are examples - on a piece of paper and in my head.))

Help of Italian verbs: http://italingua.info/verbi/

Watch table ...

essere. avere. sapere fARE. dare. andare. stare.
be have know-be able to do giving go be to become
iO. sono hO. sO. fACCIO (FO) do. vado (VO) sto
tu. sEI hai. sai. fAI dai. vAI stai
egli. e` hA sA fA. dà. vA. sTA.
noi. siamo. abbimo. sappiamo. facciamo. diamo. andiamo. stiamo.
voi siete. avete. sapete. fate. date. andate. state
Essi. sono hanno. sanno. fanno. danno. vanno. stanno.
Modal verbs Speech verbs - 1
volere potere dovere. parlare. dire discutere. esigere.
to want be able to must speak to tell discuss require
iO. voglio. pOSSO. debbo. parlo dico. discuto. esigo.
tu. vuoi. puoi. devi. parli dici. discuti. esigi.
egli. vuole può. deve. parla dICE discute. esige
noi. vogliamo. possiamo. dobbimo. parliamo. diciamo. discutiamo. esigiamo.
voi volete. potte. dovete. parlate. dite. discutete. esigete.
Essi. vogliono. possono. debbono. parlano. dicono. discutono. esigono.
Speech verbs - 2
offriere avvertire. chiedere cedere rispondere spiegare. tacere.
offer warn ask inflow respond explain silent
iO. offro. avverto. chiedo. cedo. rispondo. spiego. taccio.
tu. oFFRI avverti. chiedi. cedi. rispondi. sPIEGHI. taci.
egli. offre. avverte. chiede. cEDE risponde. sPIEGA. tACE.
noi. offriamo. avvertiamo. chiediamo. cediamo. rispondiamo. sPIEGHIAMO. tacciamo.
voi offrite avvertite. chiedete cedete. rispondte. spiegate. tacete
Essi. offrono. avvertono. chiedono. cedono. rispondono. spiegano. tacciono.
Mental verbs-1
credere capire. godere pARERE sentire vedere conoScere
believe understand enjoy seem feel see To be familiar
iO. credo. capisco. godo. pAIO. sento. vedo. conosco.
tu. credi. capisci. godi. pari. senti. vedi. conosci.
egli. crede. capisce. gode. pARE sente vEDE conosce
noi. crediamo. capiamo. godiamo. paiamo. sentiamo. vediamo. conosciamo.
voi credete. capite godete. parete. sentite vedete. consecete.
Essi. credono. capiscono. godono. pAIONO. sentono. vedono. conoscono.
Mental verbs - 2
pensare. ridere. guardare. piaceree. nascere. vivere morire.
think laugh look like be born live die
iO. penso. rido. guardo. piaccio. nASCO. vivo muoio.
tu. pensi. ridi guardi. piaci. nASCI vivi. muori.
egli. pensa. ride guarda. pAICE nASCE vive. muore.
noi. pensiamo. ridiamo. guardiamo. piacciamo. nasciamo. viviamo. moriamo.
voi pensate. ridete guardate. piacete. nascete. vivete. morite.
Essi. pensano. ridono. guardano. piacsiono. nascono. vivono. muoiono.
Mental verbs -3
riuscire. amare. salutare. imparare.
succeed be in love welcome. learn
iO. riesco. aMO. saluto. imparo.
tu. riesci. aMI saluti. impari.
egli. riesce. aMA. saluta. impara.
noi. riusciamo. amiamo. salutiamo. imparamo.
voi riuscite. amate. salutate. imparate.
Essi. riescono. amano. salutano. imparano.
Verbs of position
dolere perdere piangere dormire. leggere. scrivere. sedere
root lose cry sleep to read write sit
iO. dolgo. pERDO piango. dormo. leggo. scrivo siedo (Seggo)
tu. duoli. perdi. piangi. dormi. leggi. scrivi. siedi.
egli. duole perde. piange. dorme. legge. scrive siede
noi. doliamo. perdiamo. piangiamo. dormiamo. leggiamo. scriviamo. sediamo.
voi dolete. perdete. piagete. dormite. leggete. scrivete. sedete.
Essi. dolgono. perdono. piangono. dormono. leggono. scrivono. siedono.
Verbs movement — 1
andare. apparire. cadere correre. fuggire. mettere. partire
go appear fall, fall run run away put it leave
iO. vado (VO)
appaio. cado. corro. fuggo. metto. parto.
tu. vAI appari. cadi. corri. fuggi. metti. parti.
egli. vA. appare. cade corre. fugge. mette parte
noi. andiamo. appariamo. cadiamo. corriamo. fuggiamo. mettiamo. partiamo.
voi andate. apparite. cadete. correte. fuggite. mettete. partite.
Essi. vanno. appaiono. cadono. corrono. fuggono. mettono. partono.
Verbs movement — 2
cercare. porre. salire sEGUIRE venire costruire. crescere.
search put rise to follow to come build grow
iO. cerco. pongo. salgo. sEGUO. vengo. costruisco. cresco.
tu. cerchi. pONI sali. segui. vieni. costruisci. cresci.
egli. cerca. pone sale segue. viene. costruisce. cresce.
noi. cerchiamo. poniamo. saliamo. seguiaimo. veniamo. costruiamo. cresciamo.
voi cercate. ponete. salite sEGUITE. venite. costruite. crescete.
Essi. cERCANO. pongono. salgono. seguono. vengono. costruiscono. crescono.
Verbs movement - 3
dirigere. scegliere cucire. servire. entrare. giocare. uscire.
lead to choose sew serve enter play out
iO. dirigo. sCELGO. cucio. sERVO entro. gioco. eSCO.
tu. dirigi. scegli. cuci. servi. entri. giochi. eSCI
egli. dirige sceglie. cuce serve. entra gioca. esce.
noi. dirigiamo. scegliamo. cuciamo. sERVIAMO. entriamo. giochiamo. usciamo.
voi ditigete. scegliete. cucite. servite entrate. giocate. uSCite
Essi. dirigono. scelgono. cuciono. servono. entrano. giocano. escono.
Verbs stage
cOMINCIARE. rimanere rompere apriere chiudere finire.
start off stay break open close finish
iO. cOMINCIO. rimango. rOMPO. aPRO. chiudo. finisco.
tu. cominci. rimani. rOMPI apri. chiudi. finisci.
egli. comincia. rimane rOMPE apre. chiude. finisce.
noi. cominciamo. rimaniamo. rompiamo. apriamo. chiudiamo. finiamo.
voi cOMINCIATE. rimanete. rompete aprite chiudete. finite.
Essi. cOMINCIANO. rimangono. rOMPONO. aprono. chiudono. finiscono.
Food verbs
mangiare. prendere bere. bollire. consumare. valere vestire
there is take drink boil consume cost dress
iO. mangio. pRENDO bevo. bollo. consumo. valgo. vesto.
tu. mangi. prendi. bevi. bolli. consumi. vali. vesti.
egli. mangia. prende. beve. bolle consuma. vale veste.
noi. mangiamo. prendiamo. beviamo. bolliamo. consumiamo. valiamo. vestiamo.
voi mangiate prendete. bevete. bollite consumate. valete. vestite
Essi. mangiano. prendono. bevono. bollono. consumano. valgono. vestono.

Sometimes discrepancies are found in various sources. In the textbook of the Italian language, the NOI form from PARERE (appear) is indicated as Pariamo, and the above rig

The conjugation of Italian verbs is a serious, volumetric, but not particularly difficult. Here, as in Russian, this part of speech is multifunctional. And most importantly - remember some of its features and learn the rules, then the process of mastering Italian will go much faster.

Specificity verbs

This is the first thing I would like to talk about. The verbs in Italian form a whole class of certain words, and in suggestions usually act as a faithful. They have a person, a number, a deposit, time and, of course, inclination. Understanding how everything of the above affects the formation of words, you can begin to study such a topic as the conjugation of Italian verbs.

Returns are characterized by a part of "Si". More verbs are uncomplicated and transitional - everything depends on their meaning. The second of the designated they have a response to indirect (they include everything, with the exception of "What?" And "Who?"). It also needs to be remembered that in Italian often use personal form - gerundium, communion and infinitives.

Present

It should be noted that the lifting of Italian verbs is hard to make it hard that there are too many different variations in the form. But in this language, as in Russian, present only one thing, and is called Presente. It serves to denote the state or action in the present time. For example, "Lei Mangia" - "she eats". Also PRESENTE determines something repeated or familiar. Suppose "Le Lezioni Iniziano Alle 9:00" - "Classes start at 9:00." Even the definition of the form includes events that should soon be accomplished: "Mia Mamma Tornerà Domani" - "My mom will come back tomorrow." These turns are characteristic of everyday conversations. If we are talking about the future, the verbs are used to express the action that is presumably. For example, "andiamo in un negozio?" - "Will we go to the store?" And the last thing you need to learn about the conjugation of Italian verbs in this case is the rule of Presente Storico, about the historical present. Here is an example of using this rule: "NEL 1812 I FRANCESI SI AVVICINANO A MOSCVA". Translated this means a historical fact, i.e. - "In 1812, the French will approach Moscow."

Infinitives

The lining of verbs in Italian also depends on what category this part of speech belongs. They are divided into the wrong and correct - both in English, German, etc. They need to know, since as languages \u200b\u200blearns all new and new verbs, and without them it will not work out. Proponation, by the way, are most often descended. Based on this, the rule is determined - the end of the verb must be pronounced clearly. Depending on how the infinitive ends (that is, the speech itself sounds like: "drink", "there is", "walk", and not "I drink", "we eat", "you walk"), the right verbs Also divided into three types. But the rule for them is one thing - it is necessary in an indefinite form to forget about the end, and instead to put the necessary letter. There may be several of them, it all depends on the face of a person who says.

First Hiding

So, the Table of Hiding Italian verbs can clearly explain how to correctly change this or that word. For example, "Asperettare" - wait. Everything is quite simple:

  • Aspetto - I'm waiting;
  • Aspetti - You are waiting;
  • Aspetta - it is waiting;
  • Aspettiamo - We are waiting;
  • AspetTate - You are waiting
  • Aspettano - they are waiting.

Indeed, it is quite simple to deal with the hide. It is enough to select the foundation (in this case it is "aspett"), and add the end that is characteristic of one person or another.

Auxiliary verbs

This is only two - it is "to be" and "to have" ("Essere" and "Avere", respectively). It should be noted that it is important to study and this is the arrangement of Italian verbs. "Essere" can be taken as an example. In these two cases, the rule is not valid peculiar to the previous one (that is, with the allocation of the base and adding the end). Here you just need to remember everything:

  • SONO DISCEPOLO (I am a student);
  • SEI CUOCO (you - cook);
  • Lui E Medico (he is a doctor);
  • Lei E Tedesca (She is German);
  • Noi Siamo Colleghi (we are colleagues);
  • Voi Siete Italiani (You are Italians);
  • Loro Sono Russie (they are Russian).

Second Hiding

This group includes those verbs whose infinitives will end on "ERE". For example, "Spendere" - "spend". Again, it is easier to present everything in the form of a table:

  • io Spendo (I spend);
  • tu Spendi (you spend);
  • egli Spende (he spends);
  • noi Spendiamo (we spend);
  • voi Spendete (you spend);
  • essi / Loro Spendono (they spend).

The principle is the same as in the case of first hiding - the basis + end. The most important thing, studying this topic, remember the golden rule, the essence of which lies in a clear and otherwise the Italian will be in bewilderment, if suddenly hears from the mouth of his interlocutor "IO Preferisci" (instead of "Preferisco"), that he will understand how "I prefer ". In the end of the whole essence, therefore attention should be paid to the first thing.

Third Hiding

Last of existing in this language. The third conjugation of Italian verbs (VERBI ITALIANI) in an uncertain form has the ending "IRE". Take, for example, the "FINIRE" verb ("Edging, complete"). In this case, you will need to apply an additional syllable that sounds as "ISC". He must stand between the end of the word and its root, and in the individuals of the only number without exceptions (she, he, you and me), as well as in the third - multiple (that is, they). On the example of the proposed verb, it will look like this:

  • FINISCO - I finish;
  • FINISCI - you finish;
  • FINISCE - it (a) finishes;
  • FINIAMO - we finish;
  • Finite - you finish;
  • Finiscono - they finish.

Irregular Verbs

They should be denoted separately, as this is an important topic. The arrangement of improper Italian verbs is to change the basis of the word - endings remain the same. It should be brought in an example a few words. Andare - come, Fare - do, bere - drink, cuciere - sew, sedere - sit, and usciere - go out. You can consider the first one of the listed, again, presented in consistently:

  • IO Vado (I come);
  • TU VAI (you come);
  • LEI / LUI / LEI VA (it (a) comes);
  • Noi andiamo (we come);
  • VOI Andate (you come);
  • Loro Vanno (they come).

That is, the formation of irregular verbs needs to be memorized, as in the case of software I must say, quite a lot, and it will be pretty to work hard to memorize them all. The theme of incorrect verbs is one of the most unloved people who study Italian languages \u200b\u200b(and any other, they are always abuse, and everything needs to be remembered), but an integral. After all, to talk in the language so that the speaker can understand Italy, it is necessary to own them sufficiently. And without incorrect verbs, used in everyday life, constantly, there is no way to do.

Pronunciation

And finally, a few words about pronunciation. A little earlier it was said that on how clearly the word was voiced and his ending, it depends, in principle, the meaning of the proposal. In fact, it is. In general, Italian language in terms of pronunciation is quite simple. It does not have letters and sounds that could be unusual for a Russian person (in contrast to German or Polish), but some features are available. For example, consonants should be called and vigorously. Italian language does not tolerate "chewing" sounds, it is extremely accurate, clear, impulsive and expressive. The intonation should also be expressed brightly. By the way, Italian is simple because it is not necessary to study the specifics of building issues. It can be set by changing the intonation. For example, "HAI FAME?" - "Hai Fame!" - "You are hungry?" - "You are hungry!" In conclusion, I would like to say that everyone to learn Italian to learn it, the most important thing - a desire and, of course, a sufficient amount of time to familiarize with all themes.

This site is devoted to an independent study of Italian from scratch. We will try to make it the most interesting and useful for all who are interested in this beautiful language and, of course, Italy itself.

Interesting about Italian.
History, facts, modernity.
Let's, perhaps, from a couple of words about the modern status of the language, it is obvious that Italian is the official language in Italy, the Vatican (at the same time with Latin), in San Marino, but also in Switzerland (in the Italian part of it, Canton Ticino) and in Several districts in Croatia and Slovenia, where many Italian populations live, part of the inhabitants on Malta island.

Italian dialects - do we understand each other?

In Italy itself and today you can hear many dialects, sometimes it is enough to drive only a few tens of kilometers to face the next one.
In this case, dialects are often so different from each other, which may seem completely different languages. If people from, for example, the northern and central Italian "depthint", they may not even be able to understand each other.
It is especially interesting - some of the dialects have in addition to orally, the internal, Venetian, Milan and Sicilian dialects are also written, are also written.
The latter exists, respectively, on the island of Sicily and so different from other dialects that some researchers allocate it to a separate Sardinian language.
However, in everyday communication and, in particular, large cities you are unlikely to experience any inconvenience, because Today, the dialects speak mainly the elderly in rural areas, the youth uses, uniting all Italians, the right literary language, the tongue of radio and, of course, television.
It is possible to mention that until the end of World War II, the modern Italian was only a written language used by the ruling class, scientists and in administrative institutions, and it was the television that played a large role in the distribution of generally accepted Italian among all the inhabitants.

How it all started, origins

The history of the formation of a modern Italian, such as we all know it, is closely related to the history of Italy and, for sure, not less fascinating.
The origins - in ancient Rome everything was in Roman, universally known as Latin, who at that time was the official state language of the Roman Empire. In the future, Italian and many other languages \u200b\u200bof Europe appeared from Latin, actually.
Therefore, knowing Latin, you will be able to understand what Spaniard says, plus a minus of the Portuguese and can even disassemble the part of the Englishman or French speech.
In 476, the last Roman emperor Romulu-Augusti is rejected by the throne, after the capture of Rome, the leader of the Germans of the Odoacar, this date is considered the end of the Great Roman Empire.
Some are called the end of the "Roman language", however, today the disputes still do not subscribe, because of what the Latin language has lost its relevance, due to the seizure of the Roman Empire by Varvars or it was an easy-to-mind and in what actually They spoke to the end of the Roman Empire.
According to one of the versions, in ancient Rome, by this time, along with Latin, a spoken language was already distributed and it was from this folk language of Rome and the Italian, which we know how the Italian 16th century, in the second version, due to the invasion of the barbarians Latin was mixed with various barbaric languages \u200b\u200band dialects and it was from this synthesis that Italian began.

Birthday - First Mention

The year 960 is considered the birthday of the Italian language. The first document is connected with this "Proto-National Language" - Vulgare, these are court paper associated with the Land Lights of the Benedictine Abbey, the Witnesses used this particular language, so that the readings were understandable as much as possible people, until this point In all official papers, we can only see Latin.
And then there was a gradual distribution in the widespread life of the Vulgare language, which translates as a popular language, which became the prototype of modern Italian.
However, this history does not end, but it only becomes more interesting and the next stage is associated with the Renaissance and with such well-known names like Dante Alighery, F. Petrack, J. Bokacho and others.
to be continued...

ON LINE translator

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Tutorial Italian

I present a new separate category for all the Italian language - the Italian language tutorial for beginners.
Make a full-fledged Italian tutorial, of course, not just, but I try to give the most convenient and logical sequence of interesting online lessons so that you can independently teach Italian on them.
The section will also appear - the audio controller, where how you guess will be lessons with audio applications that you can download or listen directly on the site.
As a selected Italian language, where to download, or how to deal on it online, you will find information about this in my posts.
By the way, if someone has ideas or suggestions, how to better organize such a tutorial on our Italian blog, then you will definitely write to me.

Italian skype

Secrets as you can learn Italian Skype for free, is it always needed a native speaker, how to choose a teacher, how much is it worth studying Italian through Skype, how not to spend in vain your time and money - you read about all this in the heading "Italian Skype.
Come, read and make the right choice!

Italian phrasebook

Fascinating, with a native speaker - a rubric for those who want to learn the words and phrases on certain topics.
Join, Listen, read, learn - voiced Italian phrasebook for tourist, shopping, airport, household situations and much more
In chapter "

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Italian language is simple in learning, especially comparing with Russian and Chinese. But, after all, there are several moments that are complex, which are not in Russian, but who need to know. To perfectly own the language, it is necessary to study the wrong verbs that are in Italian along with the right verbs. Incorrect verbs call those that cannot be hidden according to the available rules. Also, when approved by persons and numbers, incorrect verbs change their root.

The first two most important incorrect verb: the verb "to be" - Essere and the verb "to have" - \u200b\u200bAvere. These verbs are important in that with their help, complex times of other verbs are formed.

The first verb "be" - Essere.

iO I - Sono Essential

tU You - SEI exist

lui, Lei he, she - è exists

noi we are siamo exist

voi you - Siete exist

loro they are SONO exist

The second verb "to have" - \u200b\u200bAvere.

iO I - HO I have

tu you - hai you have

lui, Lei he, she - HA has

noi we are abbimo

voi you - Avete have

loro they - Hanno have

Especially a lot of verbs of the second and third hide are incorrect.

The forms of verbs are called strong when the emphasis falls on the root, and if the root falls to the end and if it is a proper touch, then this form is called weak.

There are no certain ordinary rules to determine the dependence between the infinitive and the corresponding forms of incorrect verbs, so it is necessary to simply memorize the corresponding forms.

There is also another kind of incorrect verbs that have "UO" in strong forms or "o" in weak forms with an emphasis at the end of the verb:

tonare - thunder, loud;

io I - Tuono Rushazhy;

tU You - Tuoni Rushable;

lui, Lei He, she - Tuona loses;

noi We - Toniamo Rosham;

vOI You - Tonate Raise;

loro They - Tuonano rose.

Some verbs in Condizionale and Future have a syncope - emphasis on the last syllable:

godere - use, enjoy: godro, godrei.

Some improper verbs of the Italian language in the formation of ignition use two different roots. For example, andare - to go, which forms are formed from the root and- (andrei, andato), and other forms are formed from the root of Vado (Vado, Vada).

Composite verbs are usually hidden as well as corresponding simple verbs.

Wrong verbs of the Italian language of the first auction:

andare - walk, go;

dare - give;

stare - look closely, staring

andare - walk, go:

iO I - Vado Into

tU You are - VAI you go

lui, Lei he, she - VA goes

noi we - andiamo go

vOI you - andate go

loro they are - Vanno go

Incorrect verb of the Italian language of the second rigging

Incorrect verbs of the second rigging form two groups: strong verbs that misconduct is that the emphasis falls on the root in Passato Remoto and Participio Passato. The second group is verbs with the rest of the "incorrectities".

First list:

aCCE'NDERE ACCE'SI Acce'so;

allu'Dere Allusi Alluso;

aFFLIGGERE AFFLISSI AFFLITTO;

dipe'ndere Dipe'si Dipe'so.

Incorrect verb of the Italian language of the third rig

For example, the following verbs have incorrect forms in Particip. Passato and Passato Remote:

apriere apro apersi and aprii aperto;

oFFRIE OFFRO OFFERSI AND OFFRII OFFERTO;

coprire Copro Copersi and Coprii Coperto.

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