The year of the formation of Norway. Norway: State and political device

Norway, because of the fact that there is a polar day from May to July, sometimes called the Midnight Sun Earth. This, of course, mysterious and in something even a romantic name, but it does not cause a strong desire to come to this country. However, Norway is not only the "midnight sun". First of all, Norway is the Vikings, the amazing beauty of the fjords, some of which are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List, and, of course, prestigious ski resorts.

Geography of Norway

Norway is located in the western part of the Scandinavian Peninsula. In Northeast, Norway borders on Finland and Russia, in the East - with Sweden. In Northeast, Norway is washed by the Barents Sea, in the south-west - the North Sea, and in the West - the Norwegian Sea. Strait Skagerrak separates Norway from Denmark.

The total Territory of Norway, including Svalbard Islands, Jan Mayen and Bear in the North Arctic Ocean, is 385,186 kilometers square.

Much of the territory of Norway is occupied by mountains. The highest of them is Mount Gallhaoppiegen (2469 m) and Mount Glitterinn (2452 m).

In Norway, there are a lot of rivers, the longest of which is Glomma (604 km), Logen (359 km), and Piece (245 km).

Sometimes Norway is called the "lake edge". This is not surprising, given that it has several hundred lakes. The biggest ones are Mieos, Rinsvatn, Fumunn, and Hornindaltsvat.

Capital

The capital of Norway is Oslo, in which more than 620 thousand people now live. It is believed that Oslo founded in 1048 by the Norwegian king Harald III.

Official language of Norway

The official language in Norway is Norwegian, which consists of two dialects (Bookmol and Nyunorsk). Most often, the Norwegians speak boughs, but Nyunorsk is popular for some reason from Norwegian Internet users.

Religion

More than 80% of Norwegians are Lutherans (Protestants) belonging to the Church of Norway. However, only about 5% of Norwegians go to church every week. In addition, 1.69% of Norway residents are Muslims, and 1.1% - Catholics.

State Device of Norway

Norway is a constitutional monarchy, in which the head of state, according to the Constitution of 1814, is the king.

The executive power in Norway belongs to the king, and the legislative power is the local one-chamber parliament - the Storting (169 deputies).

The main political parties in Norway are a liberal-conservative "batch of progress", the Social Democratic "Norwegian Workers' Party", "Christian-Democratic Party" and the "Social Left Party".

Climate and weather

Norway is on the same latitude that Alaska and Siberia, but in this Scandinavian country the climate is much softer. At the end of June - in early August in Norway, the weather is warm, and the days are long. At this time, the average air temperature reaches + 25-30C, and the average temperature of the sea - + 18c.

The warmest and stable weather is always observed on the southern coast of Norway. However, even in the north of Norway in the summer, the air temperature may exceed + 25c. Nevertheless, in the central regions and in the north of Norway, the weather is often changing.

In winter, most of Norway, as a rule, turns into a real snow paradise. In winter, in Norway, the air temperature may even descend to -40c.

Sea in Norway

In Northeast, Norway is washed by the Barents Sea, in the south-west - the North Sea, and in the West - the Norwegian Sea. Strait Skagerrak separates Norway from Denmark. General coastline Norway is 25 148 km.

The average temperature of the sea in Oslo:

• january - + 4c
• february - + 3c
• march - + 3c
• april - + 6c
• may - + 11c
• june - + 14C
• july - + 17c
• august - + 18c
• september - + 15c
• october - + 12c
• november - + 9c
• december - + 5c

The real decoration of Norway is Norwegian fjords. The most beautiful of them are Naeroyfjord, Sognefjord, Geirangerfjord, Hardangerfjord, Lysefjord, and Aurlandsfjord.

Rivers and lakes

In Norway, there are a lot of rivers, the longest of which is the Glomma in the East (604 km), Logren in the south-east (359 km), and referee in SERLAND (245 km). The largest Norwegian lakes are Miesa, Rösvatn, Fumunn, and Hornindalsvatnet.

Many tourists come to Norway in order to go fishing. In the Norwegian rivers and lakes in large quantities, salmon, trout, Sig, Pike, Okun and Harius are found.

History of Norway

Archaeologists have proven that people in the territory of modern Norway lived another 10 millennia to our era. But the real history of Norway began in the era of the Vikings, which is still on the coast of the UK, for example, legends.

In 800-1066, Norwegian Vikings became known throughout Europe as brave warriors, ruthless invaders, cunning merchants and inquisitive navigators. The history of the Viking ended in 1066, when the Norwegian King Harald III was killed in England. After him, the King of Norway became Olaf III. It is under Olaf III in Norway begins to spread Christianity with a rapid pace.

In the XII century, Norway captured part of the British Islands, Iceland and Greenland. It was the time of the greatest flourishing of the Norwegian kingdom. However, the country strongly weakened competition from Hanseatic Union And the epidemic of plague.

In 1380, Norway and Denmark concluded the Union and became one country. The union of these states continued for more than four centuries.

In 1814, Norway, in the Kiel Treaty began to belong to Sweden. However, Norway did not comply with this and the Swedes invaded its territory. In the end, Norway agreed to be part of Sweden if they leave the Constitution.

The entire XIX century in Norway grew nationalism, and this led to the referendum of 1905. According to the results of this referendum, Norway has become an independent state.

During World War I, Norway kept neutrality. In the second world war, Norway also announced its neutrality, but she was still occupied by German troops (for Germany it was a strategic step).

After the end of World War II, Norway suddenly forgot about its neutrality, and became one of the founders of the NATO military unit.

Culture of Norway

The culture of Norway is noticeably different from the cultures of other nations of Europe. The fact is that this Scandinavian country is located far from such European cultural centers as Florence, Rome and Paris. Nevertheless, tourists will be pleasantly impressed by the Norwegian culture.

Many Norwegian cities annually hold musical, dance and folklore festivals. The most popular of them is the International Cultural Festival in Bergen (music, dances, theater).

It cannot be said that Norwegians made a huge contribution to world culture, but the fact that he was significant is undoubtedly. The most famous Norwegians - Polar Researchers Roal Amundsen and Furoof Nansen, composers Varg Vikranes and Edward Grieg, artist Edward Munk, writers and playwrights Herrik Ibsen and Knut Gamsun, and Traveler Tour Heyerdal.

Kitchen Norway

The main products of Norwegian cuisine are fish, meat, potatoes and other vegetables, cheese. Favorite traditional snack of Norwegians - Pölls (potato cake with sausage).

• Fenalår - dried lamb.
• Fårikål - braised lamb with cabbage.
• Pinnekjøtt - Salted Ribs.
• Roast from wild moose or deer.
• Kjøttkaker - fried beef meatballs.
• Laks Og Eggerøre - Smoked salmon omelet.
• Lutefisk - baked cod.
• Rømmegrøt - sour cream porridge.
• Multekrem - Cream of cloudberries for dessert.

A traditional alcoholic drink in Norway is aquavit (Aquavit), the fortress of which is usually 40%. Production of scuba in Scandinavia began in the XV century.

Sights of Norway

Norwegians have always differed in that they are very careful about their history. Therefore, we advise tourists in Norway to see:

Cities and resorts

The largest Norwegian cities are Oslo, Bergen, Trondheim, and Stavanger.

Norway is famous for its magnificent ski resorts. Every winter in Norway is held various ski championships. The top ten skiing Norwegian resorts includes, in our opinion, the following:

1. Trysil (Trisil)
2. Hemsedal (Hemsedal)
3. Hafjell (Hafiel)
4. GEILO (Gailo)
5. Tryvann (Truvanne)
6. Norefjell (Nurefiel)
7. Oppdal (Opdal)
8. Hovden (Hovden)
9. Kvitfjell (Quitfiel)
10. Kongsberg (Consburg)

Souvenirs / Shopping

Tourists from Norway We advise you to bring a real Norwegian woolen sweater, toy trolls, modern dishes, wooden kitchenware, silver products, ceramics, dried lamb, brown goat cheese, and Norwegian vodka - Aquavit.

Work hours of institutions

• 9000 BC e. The first testimonies of the person stay in Norway.
• 4000 BC e. In the south of Norway, agricultural settlements arise.
• End VIII. - Mid-x century. The era of Vikings.
• 872-930 King Harald Beautifully starting to unite Norway.
• 961 Khakon is kind, the son of Harald beautiful and the first Norwegian king, who accepted Christianity, dies in the battle.
• 1015-1028 Olaf II unites Norway and introduces Christianity in the country.
• 1030 Olaf dies in the battle in Stylildade. Subsequently, he becomes the patron of Norway under the name of Olaf Saint.
• 1070 The construction of the Nidaro Cathedral in Trondheim begins.
• XIII. in. Short golden age of stability and prosperity.
• 1349-1351 "Black Death" by two thirds reduces the population of the country.
• 1397-1536 Norway is part of the Kalmo Union with Sweden and Denmark.
• 1536-1814 Norway retains Ulya with Denmark.
• 1814-1905 After Napoleonic wars, Norway unites with Sweden.
• 1905 Norway acquires complete independence after peaceful exit from the Union with Sweden.
• 1914 In the First World War, Norway complies with neutrality.
• 1918 Norwegian women get the right to vote.
• 1940-1945 Germany occupies Norway during World War II.
• 1949 Norway enters NATO.
• 1968-1969 Detection of oil deposits in the North Sea. Oil production begins in 1971
• 1972 Norway votes against entry into the European Union.
• 1981 Gru Harlem Brundtlan becomes the first woman who headed the government formed by the working party.
• 1994 Norway votes the second time against the entry into the European Union. Olympic Games in Lillehammer.
• 2008 Opening in Oslo of the First Norwegian Opera Theater.
• 2010 The Norwegian Nobel Committee raises the dissatisfaction of China in connection with the award of the Chinese Peace Prize to the Chinese Political Prisoner Liu Siaobo.

Sports and recreation

In summer

Hiking and visiting glaciers. Most of all the Norwegians love to spend their leisure "on the legs" (Ga Pa Tur), that is, putting a couple of shoes and stacking provisions, go for all day to wander among delicious places, whether mountains, fjords, forest or field. Countless trails are laid here, the map of which can be acquired in local travel agencies. Some of the numerous Norwegian National Parks (33 on land and 7 on Svalbard Islands), such as Yutunheimen or Hardangervidda, in this respect are especially good: most tourist trail are perfectly equipped and marked with stones or pointers. Remember that time for hiking is limited to May to October, and in the extreme north it is also shorter. The weather here is changed even at the height of the summer, so in front of the campaign. The Norwegian Union of Travelers can provide you with more detailed information, and in addition, hiking itself (www.turistforeningen.no). A short summer is suitable for journey through glaciers.

Nigardswib, the Language of the Glacier of the UnitaryBiber, allows adventure lovers to get acquainted with the glacier, accompanied by an experienced conductor during 2-5-hour excursions from mid-June to mid-September (www.jostedal.com). In addition, you can visit Oxstindan glaciers (OKStindan) and Svartisen (Svartisen), located behind the polar circle, for which the references in the organization Rana SpesialSport (www.spesialsport.no).

Bicycle. Norwegian roads are relatively calm, so on them perfectly ride a bike in the spring, summer and autumn. Urban streets became equipped with a bike path, and riding on the villagers is rarely concerned. You can easily rent a bike, even in a rural outback, where hotels often rent them to their guests with hourly or renovative payment. In the mountainous terrain, such a ride requires sometimes a lot of strength, and besides, it must be borne in mind that the distance is greater, and on the way, especially in the extreme north, it is rare to count on the aid. One of the most beloved routes is running along the "Miner Road", coming from the railway station Höttelal or Finse (Finse) to Floma or Boss, length of up to 108 km. There is also a bicycle route along the North Sea, which is part of the world's longest cycling route passing through seven countries. For more information and cards, please contact the organization "Bike Norway" (www.bike-norway.com).

Fishing. In a country where there is so much water, you should not be surprised in the patter of fishing. You can go fishing into the sea or river. Lofoten Islands are most convenient for such classes, and the original fishing culture here is best preserved here, as evidenced by old fishing huts Rurb, where you can rent accommodation.

In many places of Norway, fishing trips are held, which can be cope in local travel agencies or you can purchase a fishing license selling at www.inatur.no.

This lesson is popular in many places. The center of climbing is considered the Lofoten Islands with their impregnable mountains, and in the HenningSer there is a mountaineering school (www. Nordnorskklatreskole.no). In addition, you can note Yutunhamemen with tops up to 2000 m, the Ridge of the Westerolen Archipelago (Vesteral) and the Lungen Alps Ridge. You can still climb on ice (for frozen waterfalls) in Ryukan. The Norwegian Union of Travelers (DEN NORSKE TuristForening, DNT) conducts training of climbers (www.turistforeningen.no).

Rafting, sailing and canoeing. You can melt on numerous rivers and by sea among fjords. Alloy on the West Fjord (Vestfjord) between the Lofoten Islands and Mainland is possible only with a favorable wind and the flow. Sailing is distributed mostly in the south of the country and in the Oslo-Fjord area. Rowing can be done anywhere where there is water, but especially picturesque Western fjords, whereas in the extreme north places are calmer, there are fewer pleasure ships and ferries. More detailed information can be found in the Norwegian Canoe Association (www.padling.no).

Wildlife and bird watching. In many places of Norway, it is possible to see such animals as the reindeer and elk, and in the National Park Bindfiell and more exotic sheby (www.moskussafari.no) and in Fühlka Finmark Kamchatka Crab. A huge number of birds (473 species) nests in the depths of sushi and on the coast. To combine birds monitoring with safaris on the crab, you should contact the Arctic Tourist travel agency (www.arctictourist.no) in Fühlka Finmark.

Midnight sun. The midnight sun can be observed in many parts of Northern Norway from May to August, depending on the latitude of the place. To admire them best of all with an elevation or from the sea.

Winter

Running and skiing. Skiing is the most beloved winter sport in Norway, where only one of the Norwegian union of travelers is laid over 7000 km of ski slopes. Such tracks occur even within an Oslo draw, and most of the counties lay their own routes, sometimes high in the evenings so that people after work could run on skis. IN National Parks YUTUNHEYMEN, RONDAN AND BTONTAFIELLL Created some of the best conditions for ski runs in the country. In addition, in many places you can also go to the mountain skiing, from Gayo, the counties of Hemsedal (Hemsedal) and the Trysil (Trysil) in the center of the country to Narvik in the north. Best time For skiing - this is February - April, but it is possible to ride from November to mid-May. On the state of the snow, contact the site www.skiinfo.no.

Dog grass. In the north of the country, drips on dog sledding, lasting from an hour to two to five days. You can either manage the harness yourself, or sit, shook tightly, and provide all the work with the drivers with dogs. For more information, see the information site www.visitnorway.com, or to the tourist agency "Nordland Adventures" (www.nordlandturskap.no).

Skates. With the arrival of winter, open rollers appear, including those beloved by everyone in the center of Oslo, near the National Theater. In addition, there are natural rollers on frozen lakes, rivers and fjords, but before going there, hover the local residents. On the artificial rims skates, as a rule, can be rented, and sometimes you can take lessons.

Folded fish (Pimpling). For such classes in ice, the hole is drilled through which the fish is then pulled out, getting a good catch even in winter. Capture waterproof gloves and hot chocolate thermos. The tour operator "Competed Travels" (www.competentttravels.no) from Tromso conducts three-day safaris with treated fishing.

Northern Lights (Aurora Borealis). This natural phenomenon is best observed in October, February and March between 18.00 and an hour. The brightest flares are visible for the polar circle, where there are not such light pollution of the medium, but the northern radiance can be admired and south. Going out to look like a spectacle, dress warmer.

Shopping

Prices for consumer goods can be high, but about three thousand stores throughout Norway arrange the sale of goods that are not taxable. Therefore, look for such shops with a signboard about non-free sale. VAT in Norway for many products is 25%, and 12-19% may require tourists from countries that are not included in the European Union / European Economic Zone.

Return of funds can be carried out through the items of the World Money Refund Network at border points, at airports, border ferries and cruise ships.

The quality of most goods is usually excellent, and the traditions of local fields are hundreds of years. Look for Salg signboard on the shop windows, meaning a sale or offer for sale on more favorable terms.

Where to buy

The largest cities of the Oslo Country, Bergen, Stavanger and Trondheim are equipped with excellent shopping centers, but also in small cities there are employment stores, especially selling local fishery products.

Oslo will meet the largest universal shops like "Glasmagasinet" and "House of Oslo", and bizarre fashion boutiques in the Grunerlokka promising area and the ultra-reparced quarter of Mayorstuen (Majorstuen). Aker-Bruges is another quarter with a shopping center, where shops, restaurants and bars are located on the old re-equipment shipyard.

In Bergen, the area around Bruges, Starcaine, Strantgaten, Strandgaten and Square trades full of interesting shops with products of local crafts, furs and knitwear. There is a famous fish market where you can eat, buy fresh fish and seafood.

Stavanger is famous for glass products, so here you can visit the workshops of glass winds and in specialized shops to buy their products. In the Midt-Buren, the center of Trondheim, next to the main square recently opened a shopping passage "Trondheim Torg" with 75 shops, not counting cafes and restaurants, and old-fashioned shops can be found on Jomfrugaten Street, where the trade is mainly a woman.

In Norway, many and other places for shopping. For example, in Tromso, many shops and shops are placed in ancient wooden buildings; And in the extreme north, products of the Sami fishers (DUODJI) of silver and skins or bones of the reindeer are widely represented.

What to buy

Here is only a small list of those things that either occur only in Norway, or differ in excellent quality.

Products of local crafts. Traditional crafts in Norway exist hundreds of years, and the origins of the creativity of modern masters using local materials will go up to ancient crafts. Knitted things - sweaters, scarves, gloves, mittens and hats - are known worldwide with their quality. Crafts from wood, glass, silver and jewelry, deer skins and woven products are in great demand for visitors. In the extreme north, as already mentioned, the products of the Sami crafts are sold.

Local food and drinks. Norway is famous for its eath, from smoked salmon and dried fish before Aquavitt type vodka (Akvavitt), and in the world in the world, Tromsø's breweries are boiled Mack beer. To resurrect memories of Norway, you can buy home smoked sausage from venison or losyatins and jam from cloudberries.

Clothing. Male I. women's clothing It is often distinguished by a wonderful style, but only the price can scare. Knitted products are usually heavy, but you can find lighter things. As a rule, there are more private shops than network stores, although products of well-known global manufacturers are widely represented in large cities. The Norwegian Atelier mod Moods of Norway thanks to bright models stated themselves in Japan and Beverly Hills (www.moodsofnorway.com).

Sport equipment. Norwegians, perhaps, the most sporty people in the world, which has been reflected in these stores. Excellent all-weather and winter clothing is sold everywhere, including, along with skiing and skates, full ski equipment.

Entertainment

In such a long country as Norway, where five million people live, the quality and amount of entertainment varies from one area to another, both in the city and in the village. Norway is famous for music-theatrical traditions, festivals are held here, especially in summer.

Tickets for cultural events can be ordered in advance, using the services of the Norwegian branch of the American company TicketMaster (tel.: 81-53-31-33; www.billettservice.no). Sometimes travel agencies can help in this matter.

Musical, Opera and Dance Art

Classical music sounds everywhere in Norway, glorifying the name of the National Composer Edward Griega. Oslo Philharmonic Orchestra has deserved glory. He performs in the native walls of the city concert hall (Konserthus) from the end of August to the beginning of June (about tickets and repertoire, please contact the website www.oslofilharmonien.no). Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra performs in the concert hall of Grieghallen (www.harmonien.no); There is another Norwegian Arctic Philharmonic Orchestra, created in 2009 and based in Tromsø (www.noso.no).

Jazz love very much in Norway, and if the season of classical music lasts from the fall in spring, then jazz festivals and speeches are for the summer. There are over 30 jazz establishments in the country, including those who are located aside from the big roads. For more information, contact the website www.jazz-clubs-worldwide.com. Recently, there has been a passion for heavy rock as black-metal, and the Norwegian performers of this music enjoy great fame abroad.

Norwegian folk music did not lose their attractiveness, and after Alexander Rybak won the Eurovision Song Contest in 2009, the People's Dance Halling and a violin playing in the winning song was even more popular. The dance itself is from the Hallingdal Valley in Fühskud (Buskerud).

In Oslo, at the harbor itself, a new opera house appeared, which opened his doors in 2008. The troupes of the National Opera and Ballet (speeches can be cope with www.operaen.no). This is the first opera house in the country with magnificent acoustics, where foreign opera and ballet troupes often perform, and chamber music festival is held in August.

Theater and movies

Norway can be proud of its theater tradition ascending to drama end XIX. In., published from under the pen of Herarca Ibsen and Bjornistne Bjernson. National Theater in Oslo (www.nationaltheatret.no), "National Scene" (Den Nationale Scene) in Bergen (www.dns.no), Rogaland Teater in Stavanger (www.rogaland-teater.no) and Trendelag Teater in Trondheim ( www.trondelag-teater.no) are distinguished by an extensive repertoire, but where, naturally, most ideas are in Norwegian. In the cinemas, the same films almost always go in the original language with Norwegian subtitles.

Night life

In such cities as Oslo, Bergen, Stavanger and Trondheim, with their bars and clubs, often working for midnight all year round, proceeds stormy nightlife. In the summer in such quarters, as Aer-Bruges in Oslo, in the evenings are full of people who have surplus under the open sky. Bars usually close around the night, and on weekends even later. Note that the expensive alcohol can get pretty to spend at night, but fortunately, in some establishments there is time for drinking at a discount after work or early in the evening.

In the countryside, night entertainment is not so diverse, but also there, as a rule, there will be at least one bar, where it is worth looking for communication with the locals. Many county towns in the fjords come to life in the summer, and in hotels there are often bars, open not only for guests, but also for everyone. And on the ski resorts there is something to have fun in the winter at night. On the website of the tourism management in Oslo www.visitoslo.com, you can familiarize yourself with the "What" S ON in OSLO What ".

Norway for children

In Norway, it is especially careful about children. In public transport, not only entry for children's wheelchairs, but also special seats in buses.

Most restaurants and cafes have tall children's chairs and children's menu. Often in hotels, campsites and other places of accommodation include playgrounds, and sometimes "frogs". Cities and county centers are equipped with open playgrounds that are available in many public places. When visiting attractions, in ski centers and public transport for children, substantial discounts are provided. In addition, family tickets are also sold to most attractions.

Cities do not always turn out to be the best place for children, however, a lot is done in Oslo to entertain and occupy them; For example, many museums provide living (interactive) communication with visitors (www. visitoslo.com). Just 20 km from Oslo is a TUSENFRYD recreation park (late April - beginning of October, the time of work is changing; the entrance is paid) with numerous entertainment, including the first in Europe attraction in 5D format and water park. 15 km north of Lillehammer breaks the family park Hunderfossen (www.hunderfossen.no; hours of work changes; the entrance is paid) with 50 attractions, including the park of trolls, cable crossing, rafgani and a fabulous palace in full size.

In winter, it turns into a winter park. In a telemarket, located 80 km west of Oslo, the largest water park in Sommarland (www.sommarland.no; June - August; entrance is paid) with 20 different ponds and water slides. In addition, clowns are playing here, there is a Tarzan trail, rowing, the only water borders in Europe "Master Blaster". The zoo in Christiansanne is right outside the city work all year round, and there in five parks, including a platform for young and a place where you can get acquainted with the northern desert, animals are collected from all over the world. Pirate ships and playgrounds are built here (www.dyreparken.no).

The National Interactive Experimental Center Rockheim (Rockheim) in Trondheim (www.rockheim. ON; WWW 11.00-18.00; Entrance is paid), which opened in 2010, is dedicated to Norwegian rock and pop music. Here you can send after dinner of your restless teenagers.

All conditions for children in sports have been created in the country, so it is almost everywhere you can rent sports equipment like skis and skates even for just beginners to walk kids. Norwegian children with very early years They are on skis and skates and accompany parents in the campaigns. There will always be good coaches for children of any age.

Festivals and holidays

• January. Northern Lights Holiday (Tromso).
• February. Opera Festival (Christiansunn).
• March. Ski festival in Holmolylane (Oslo). Winter holiday (Narvik) includes sports competitions, concerts and carnival. Ski Race Birkebainers (letters: Berezovonogiy, Lapoters) (Rena - Lilleham-Mer), 53-kilometer ski marathon, where up to 12 thousand skies participate.
• April. Jazz Amateur Festival (VSS), three days of jazz and folk music.
• May. International Festival Music (Bergen), one of the largest musical events in Scandinavia.
• June. Nordska Procession (Honningsvag), 68-kilometer transition from Honningswog to Nordkape. The Emigrant Festival (Stavanger and Quinces) in memory of Norwegians who were held in North America. The middle of the summer (everywhere) is marked the summer solstice. The marathon of white nights (Tromso) starting in the north of Norway with the onset of white nights.
• July. International Jazz Festival (Congsberg), open-air concerts and foreign jazzmen speeches. Games at Bishlet Stadium ("Bislett") in Oslo, International Athletics Competitions. International Jazz Festival (Moldova), the oldest jazz festival in Norway, lasting for more than six days. Day July 29 (Olsok) (Trondheim), the day of the commemoration of the King of the Saint Ulaf; And Food Food Oi! (Trondheim). Culinary festival Gladmat (Stavanger), "Cepping Holiday".
• August. The International Festival of Folk Music in Telemerca, the holiday of folk music and folk dance. Gunta's feast in Vinstra (Vinstra), celebrations in honor of the hero of the Drama of the same name ibsen. Jazz Festival (Oslo), takes place since 1986. Festival of chamber music (Oslo), chamber music sounds in the castle and the Akershus fortress.
• September. Marathon in Oslo.
• December. Christmas fairs (Oslo and everywhere). With the onset of the Christmas post (in early December) on weekends in many places of the country at fairs sell unusual Christmas gifts, handicrafts and sweets. The ceremony of awarding the Nobel Prize of the Peace (Oslo), held in the city mayor every year on December 10

Public holidays

• 1st of January. New Year
• March, April. Passionage Thursday
• March, April. Great Friday
• March, April. Bright Monday
• The 1 of May. Labor Day
• May 17th. Constitution day
• May June. Ascension
• End of May / beginning of June. Monday spirits
• December 25th. Christmas
• December 26th. Boxing Day

Norwegian cuisine

Norwegian cuisine, preferring fresh local products, has gained his face recently, and the local fish and seafood, from cod to the Arctic crabs and smoked salmon, are famous for the whole world. There is something to try desperate meat food lovers: for example, in the menu of the best restaurants, deermen and losyatins are increasingly appear. The new generation of chefs reserves local dishes, it is strictly adhering to traditional cuisine, then bringing an originality of international cuisine.

Rustic food in Norway was usually prepared from the fact that he gave the local land in one or another year. Many dishes using love to this day, go back to the ancient way of the peasant or fishing life, so fish prevails on the coast in food, and in the depths of the country there.

The country relief, including the coast, peasant areas, forests and mountains, indicates different food addies of Norwegians. Marination, taking, smoking, salting and quay arose before the appearance of freezing, conservation and modern food treatment methods and served to store products for a long winter. Some meat and fish dishes have a strong flavor, to which you need to get used to, but basically the dishes of Norwegian cuisine are fresh, good and tasty, and the portions are quite impressive.

But all of the above does not mean that here you will find only Norwegian food. The kitchen in Norway is becoming more and more international character. Pizza, pasta and hamburgers are becoming just as ordinary business, like Lefse (Lefse), Norwegian pancakes, usually from potatoes, and Sursild (Sursild), marinated herring with onions.

It is widely represented at least in large cities, a kitchen of countries such as Italy, China, Thailand and India. In addition, in recent years, eating holidays have been held in the summer, where Norwegian and international cuisine have been presented. Food culture in Norway will be varied depending on the region, and the table of the resident of Oslo can differ significantly from what is eaten, for example, in Bergen or Tromsø, but everywhere preferred by local products. As a rule, in rural areas, excellent restaurants can be found in hotels where they are fed not only guests.

Food fees

Norwegians belong to food extremely responsible, so over the past decade there appeared food festivals, a kind of gluttony holidays. Norsk Martgle in Gailo, Gladmat in Stavanger, Norwegian Great Holiday in Alesundne and Oi! Trendersk Matfesival in Trondheim is just some festivals from a series of celebrations in honor of the local food. Their program is diverse: from tasting dishes to cooking lessons, classes with chefs and special treats from local restaurants. Here, mostly, the traditions of Norwegian cuisine, standing at the origins of modern national cuisine, but the Gladmat's culinary festival, suitable every summer on the shores of the picturesque harbor of Stavanger, tries to instill an international spirit. In Geilo, on the contrary, preference is given to small producers and natural products. Holidays often pass in the midst of summer, when the counters are taken out to the street, so you can enjoy food in the fresh air, admiring the beauty of the Norwegian nature.

Where there is

In Norway, try to eat relatively early. Although most Norwegians work outside the house, they dine surprise early, apparently, according to the habit of previous times. It is unusual to see how dinner serve dinner from 17.00, and it is difficult to eat in small cities after nine or ten in the evening, when almost all bars are closed.

What is

Most hotels serve an international breakfast, whereas for Norwegians breakfast can be dense, and consist of one cup of coffee, be sure to black. Working Norwegian does not do without captured with him "dry soldering" (Matpakke), even now, when the use of food outside the house or shopping sandwich.

As it was possible to expect, the Norwegians consume fish more than the inhabitants of many other countries, and the fish are already many centuries - the main dish of their table. But the mollusks entered their diet later.

More than 200 species of fish and mollusks are found in Norwegian waters, alone catch on maritime expanses, others grow. Norway is one of the world's largest suppliers of sea gifts, which sells about 3 million tons of their catch abroad. Most often in the menu and on the market you can see cod, salmon, trout, herring, arctic goltz, sider, a beautiful man, mackerel and a red squad. But there is little such a variety, so we are offered another maritime cambal, calkan, silver side, Molva (sea pussy), sea mall, Merlange, Picksha, tobatka, halves and river cambal - and these are just the most common views.

As soon as the fish is not prepared, but the Norwegian cuisine is pretty busty on spices and seasonings: most often in the course there are salt, pepper and a few herbs like a dill and mustard seed. Cooking, quenching, allowance, smoking and a bodice - these are your favorite types of fish cooking, often served with one boiled young potatoes and a piece of oil. Perhaps the most famous Norwegian dish is Programlaxes (GRAVLAKS, literally "sword salmon"), saline with sugar salmon fillet.

Fish pussy, usually based on milk, especially beloved on the country coast, is preparing from a variety of fish and mollusks with the addition of vegetables and potatoes. Herring, caught with all sorts of additives, from mustard and onions to tomatoes and herbs, one more truly adored dish. To taste a fermented trout (RAKFISK), along with a dried fish (Lutefisk), a grid or cod, in an alkaline solution, should be used to get used to. They are usually eating for Christmas, although with the unusual smell inherent to many may seem like stench. Drier Fish (Torrfi.sk) is incredibly loved here as a light snack. Eating her and dried, and in boiled form.

On the coast, especially northern, there may be such a dish as whale meat. Norwegians do not consider to use it into food, and the whaling fishery in the north lasts more than one century. Roast from whale meat, hamburgers with whale meat, etc. offer in many restaurants, although less frequently, when quotas for catching whale.

Mollusks, who became familiar food only from the second half of the 20th century, won tremendous love here, so now the Norwegians in large quantities consume the gifts of the sea, including arctic shrimps, lobsters, oysters, mussels, scallops and crabs. Especially good is a huge royal crab caught up near Nordska. In the summer, crab feasts are arranged (Krabbelag), when the crabs are eaten with simple bread, butter and, possibly, a lemon circle.

However, Norway is not limited to one fish and seafood. There are many and meat dishes, and dairy products always adored. As for the womb, there is something to offer desperate tastor. In the north of oison dishes, and more Losyatin, including the "saved elk" (Gravet ELG), salted with sugar Losyatin, as in the case of the already mentioned salmon. In addition, pork, beef, chicken, lamb and lamb are widely used. Favorite meatballs (Kjottekaker), often with sour lingonberry sauce or spices. Stewed lamb with Kozynnaya Cabbage (Farikal, "lamb with a cabbage"), warming the winter dish, serves with potatoes.

In the stalls or on the shelves, all sorts of sausages are often selling, including salami from venison and losyatin, or simple hot sausages (Varme Pelser). In many restaurants, dishes are presented from the corresponding time of the year of nature: on sweet, podliva or marinades in the summer and in the beginning of autumn there are fresh berries, a little later they are replaced by a variety of mushroom dishes, it's time for the magnificent game, and in the winter - Rougure, Soups and Casseroles .

Vegetables on the local table, unfortunately, are not so generously presented, so the vegetarians will have to go out in search of something suitable, but this situation begins to change at least in large cities.

Bread goes with many dishes, and it is represented by various cereals. Sandwiches here are usually open: all sorts of cutting are glomated on a grit.

Desserts consist mainly of fresh berries with sour cream or cream, and the Norwegian innovation can be considered the waffles supplied with shaken creams and jam from all sorts of berries: most often from strawberries, cloths, raspberries and blueberries.

What drink

Norwegians simply adore coffee by occupying the first place in the world to consume this drink (about 160 liters per person per year). Without coffee, no short break, neither friendly nor a family meeting, and any pastime does not think without a large cup of coffee.

There is even coffee with alcohol (Karsk), a drink, originating in TRANNELIGH. Usually in coffee add vodka or moonshine.

In recent years, tea has gained distribution, so now in stores, hotels and restaurants a rich selection of tea. Non-alcoholic beverages and fruit juices of local and foreign manufacturers are widely represented. In addition, in rural areas, many have so far prefer to drink a large mug of milk at the dinner.

Norway is well known to a tough attitude to alcohol, but the Norwegians themselves love to drink. The country introduced a state monopoly on the production and sale of wine (VinmonOnopolet), and although the prices of alcohol in stores can be quite high, they are quite acceptable compared to prices in bars and restaurants.

In Norway, they have been drinking beer, there are many of their brewers, such as Ringnes in Oslo, our in Bergen, St. Kristiansand and the northernmost Mack brewery in Tromos. In addition, in Norway, they produce strong alcoholic beverages like an aquavit (akevitt) and vodka. Vikingfjord is a variety of Norwegian vodka. Such brands of Norwegian Aquavita, like Gammel Opland, Lime and Gilde, are well known, and drink aquatic for Christmas. During the rest of the year, foreign varieties of alcohol prefer. Gets the spread of wine, which, however, is expensive. Indeed, if you can order wine to lunch, then the account will grow more than twice.

It is quite wide, especially in rural areas, a moonshine (HJEMMEBRENT) is common, which is usually driven from potatoes.

Accommodation

The level of hotels in Norway is usually high. Prices can also be quite high, since many hotels are designed for business people. In the summer or on the weekend there are significant discounts when the hotel offers special conditions to attract hotel guests. In recent years, international hotel chains began to buy smaller family hotel enterprises. Such steps seem to have not led to a decrease in the level of service, but to some extent contributed to the increase in competition and rigging prices. Note that the main tourist season in Norway is very short, so not all the conditions for renting the housing are valid all year round, although the state of affairs changes.

Along with hotels, there are other accommodation options, in particular in the countryside, guesthouses and accommodation rooms and breakfast are offered, accommodation in the peasant estate, a youth hostel, campsite and, most of all in demand, a separate house, so-called hutte (Hytte ). Such hotel associations like "Historical hotels and restaurants of Norway" (De Historiske; www.dehistoriske.com), have a number of peculiar hotels throughout the country. On the coast, for example, on the Lofoten Islands, you can stay in the ancient fishing hut Rurba or even in a lighthouse building. The most extensive Fjord Pass hotel subscription provides discounts in 170 locations across the country (www.fiordtours.com). Norwegian tourism management will tell me where to stay at WWW.VISITNORWAY.COM.

Campings

In Norway, about a thousand campgrounds, from one-to-five-star. Most campgrounds work only in June - August, and only a few work longer, including year-round for residential trailers. In addition, many places are equipped with houses that can be removed for a week in summer. The cost of the place is 80-150 kroons per day, and additional fees are charged for electricity. The Norwegian and Scandinavian camping card can be purchased in all accompanying places, which gives them owners the right to receive a discount, pass accelerated registration and many other benefits.

The same benefits have an international camping card. Useful information You can learn from www.camping.no and www.norwayd.irect.com. According to the Norwegian law on the right to access public places You can break a tent or sleep in an open-air anywhere in an open, non-stepped land in the countryside up to 48 hours, provided that you are at least 150 meters from the nearest home. For a longer stay you will need the permission of the land owner. In addition, keep in mind that it is impossible to breed the fire near the forest from April 15 to September 15.

Airports

Main airports in Norway: Gardermoen to Oslo, Flesland in Bergen, Sola in Stavanger and Vaernes in Trondheim. In addition, Oslo serves Sandefjord Airport Torp near San Fjord. Because of the distances and the local relief, navigate the country is not bad by the plane, given the developed network of local airlines. In Norway, 16 main airports, including those serving international flights, and 29 airports of domestic transportation. Taxi at the main airports are not suiced. Oslo Gardenmoen Airport is 50 km from the center of the capital, and here international and domestic flights serves one airport, where many snack bars, Duty Friend, there are tourist information offices and car rental service. Faster, in 19 minutes, you can get to the center of Oslo on the train-express expression, departing six times an hour to the Central Railway Station. In addition, the suburban electricians of the Norwegian State Railway are regularly walking, and there is a distance buses and a taxi in front of the airport (www.oslo.no). Ryanair and other airlines that have cheap flights arrive at the airport of Torp near San Fjord, located 110 km from Oslo. Buses are served to arrive aircraft, and the road takes 2-2.5 hours. In addition, trains and bus shuttle walk in Sana-Fjord (www.torp.no). Bergen Airport Flesland is located 20 km from the city and is equipped with everything necessary. Frequent bus service connects Bus Station and Radisson hotels with airport, and the road takes approximately half an hour (www.bergen-guide.com).

Stavanger Airport Sola lies 15 km from the city center and is equipped, in addition to the conference center, everything is necessary. A regular bus takes to the city for 20-30 minutes, go and taxi (heat.: 67-03-10-00, www.avinor.no).

Vaernes Trondheim Airport is 35 km north of the city center, features shops and restaurants, a hotel, waiting room, as well as currency exchange items. This can be reached by train, bus express, bus or taxi flights. The road takes approximately 35-40 minutes (tel.: 67-03-25-00, www.avinor.no).

Trud budget

In cities and rural areas in the midst of the season and in the dead season prices for services are different. Below are only approximate prices. As a rule, in the cities to live overhead than in the outback (as a small exception, like well-known fjords).

Car rental. Prices fluctuate greatly. Weekly rental will cost 2800 crowns per little car up to 3,700 crowns per large car. Many companies at an additional price establish a child seat.

Hotels. Accommodation, depending on the cost of daily accommodation, can be divided into cheap, affordable and expensive (per two, including breakfast): 1100 kroons, 1100-1800 kroons and over 1800 kroons. Prices can be significantly less than 1,100 kroons, and significantly more than 1,800 kroons. There are many special offers with discounts, Sunday rates and packages of services for tourists.

Food and drinks. Breakfast in a cafe or restaurant costs 50-80 crowns; lunch 60-120 crowns; dinner in the middle restaurant without drinking 200-250 kroons per person; coffee or non-alcoholic drink 20-30 kroons; Bottle of wine from 150 kroons; Strong alcohol (400 ml) 80 kroons. Breakfasts and lunches are beneficial in the hotel, and the first is especially filled, whereas in most restaurants on Lunch are served one duty dish.

Museums. 30-80 CZK. Children usually get a half discount.

Fuel. 12.20 crowns per liter of gasoline and 11.20 crowns per liter of diesel fuel. Most gas stations are equipped with automatic pumps that make money signs and credit cards. Public transport. Trips to Norway are not suiced, but buses and trains are comfortable. The average price of the Oslo - Bergen train is 600 kroons.

Taxi is expensive. The road from Gardermoen Airport to the center of Oslo will cost 610-720 kroons, depending on the time of day.

Tourist map. Oslo Pass and Bergen Card provide the right to free visit a large attractions, and the right of free travel in public transport, providing many other benefits. For more information, please contact www.visitoslo.com and www.visitbergen.com. On the website www. Visitnorway.com collected information about all passes and tourist maps.

Bicycles for rent

Bicycle can be easily rented at the rental point or local travel agency, guesthouse and hotel. Roads are usually a few, and in large cities bicycle paths are laid. Note that in the mountainous terrain the trip is not easy. Cities and sat down a bit, the distances between them are large, especially in the extreme north, and the weather is changed. Prices are different and depend on the quality of the bicycle and the area, reaching up about 60-350 kroons per day. Travel offices, as a rule, have good maps and information about cycling routes. Especially picturesque two routes around the North Sea and the "Minor's Road". For more information, contact the website www.bike-norway.com.

Car rental

All major car rental companies are present in Norway, including Avis, Eleuxag and Hertz, and also offer their services at competitive prices. Local Norwegian Rental Points. In most cities, you can find car rental companies, or rent them directly at the airport by making a preliminary order or upon arrival. Prices are usually the less, the longer you rent a car, and in the summer and on weekends there are special discounts. As a rule, the car can be rented in one place, and leave in the other. When renting a car, you must have a driver's license of your stay with a period of at least one year. If you are not a citizen of the European Union, it is necessary to have international driver's license with him. Machines are given to people over 19 years old, but if you are younger than 25 years old, you will have to pay a tax of a young driver, which makes up about 100 crowns per day. Be sure to have insurance, so make sure it is included in the cost of car rental.

Climate

Gulfstream contributes to the establishment of a softer climate in Norway than it is assumed for such latitudes, so the temperature in the summer is sometimes rising to 25-30 ° C. The temperature varies significantly in winter and summer, in the north and south, on the coast and in the depths of sushi, at sea level and on the mountain peaks. The change is also the weather, so in many places they are joking that "in one day all the seasons are attended." From the end of June to mid-August, the days are solar, and the air temperature is about 25 ° C, and the water is 15-18 ° C, with the exception of the Far North. In the Arctic regions at this time, you can observe the midnight sun. In the spring and autumn is colder and raw. Autumn in these latitudes can already be seen northern Lights (Aurora Borealis), especially in October, February and March. In winter, a significant part of Norway, with the exception of the coast, is covered with snow, and the temperature in the depths of the sushi can fall to -40 ° C. On the coast at any time of the year, it can rain, and even in the summer, the temperature here sometimes drops to 10 ° C, especially in the evenings.

clothing

Since the weather during the day can be changeable, it's not bad to wear something from above to protect yourself from the whims of the weather. Even on a sunny day, try to take an umbrella and waterproof raincoat along with sunglasses and a broad-breasted hat from the sun. Norwegians are not famous, so when you look at the sights on a warm day, wear shorts and a t-shirt. In the evening or going to the sea walk, you must take a sweater with you. Strong shoes are important not only in the campaign and with an active holiday in nature, but also for walking on the paving sidewalks of many cities. In winter, warm things, shoes, scarf, gloves and cap are needed.

Crime and security

Norway is a relatively safe country, low crime, especially in part of grave crimes, so that visitors rarely face offenses. In rural areas, night thefts prevail or petty stealing. Take the same precautions as at home, follow your things, especially in crowded places and in public transport, do not walk one at night in unwitted places in big cities.

Car driving

The roads are usually calm, with the exception of large cities (but even there are rarely plugs), and are contained in good condition. In winter, it is necessary to have winter tires (the time of their installation varies depending on the place). Some roads in the last north are closed in winter. In the spring, with the thawing of the earth, in some areas of roads it becomes dangerous to ride. Mountain areas have long tunnels, including the longest in the world, 24.5 km long.

Speed \u200b\u200blimit. Usually, the speed limit is 80 km / h. In residential neighborhood, it does not exceed 30 km / h; in tightly built-up areas - 50 km / h; On the road with double-sided movement and on highways - 90 or 100 km / h. Cars with a trailer and trailers should not move at a speed above 80 km / h even on a more high-speed track.

Documentation. It is necessary to have a driver's license of your stay with a period of at least one year, or if you are not a citizen of a country that is part of the European Union / European Economic Zone, international driver's license.

Traffic Laws. Move on the right side, turn on the left and inferior the road transport moving on the right, if there are no other signs. We have binding seat belts and in the front, and in the rear seats. Attitude towards drunkenness in the country is irreconcilable, so on the roads often arrange a selective check of drivers. The permissible level of alcohol in the body should not exceed 0.2 mg per liter of blood, so it is better to refrain from alcohol, sitting behind the wheel, otherwise the specified limit can be exceeded and as a result, a large fine and even deprivation of rights can be inevitable.

Accidents and breakdowns. In the event of an accident or breakage, it is necessary to set an emergency stop sign and wear a yellow fluorescent jacket. Emergency services: Norges Automobil-Forbund NAF, Tel.: 0810-00-505, Falken, Tel.: 02222 (Free) or Viking, Tel.: 06000 (free call).

Electricity

The voltage of the current in the network 220 V / 50 Hz, the plug of the two-grinding European sample. Just in case, capture the adapter with you.

Embassy and consulates

Russian Embassy in Norway. Norge, 0244 OSLO, DrammensVeien, 74. Tel.: (8-10-47) 22-55-32-78. Fax: (8-10-47) 22-55-00-70. Email: [Email Protected]

Consulate General of the Russian Federation in Kirkenes. Norge, 9900 Kirkenes, Postbox 98, RadhusPlassen. Tel.: (8-10-47) 78-99-37-37, 78-99-37-38. Fax: (8-10-47) 78-99-37-42. Email: [Email Protected]nline.no.

Consulate of the Russian Federation in Barentsburg (Svalbard Island). Norge, Svalbard, Barentsburg, Den Russiske Foderasjons Konsulat. Tel.: (8-10-47) 79-02-17-85. Fax: (8-10-47) 79-02-17-85. Email: [Email Protected]

Emergency services

In the police, call 112, in ambulance - 113, in the fire service - 110. According to the indefinite cases, call the police by phone: 02800.

Information for gay and lesbian

Legislation and, as a rule, residents of Norway relate to representatives of sexual minorities quite tolerant. Most of this kind of travelers do not have any inconvenience, but it should be remembered that Norway is a small country, so there are not very many places for them, in addition to major cities, although there are extremely few special bars or clubs there. A tolerant attitude towards supporters of same-sex love can not always be found in a rural outback, although it is rarely encountered with explicit intolerance. More detailed information can provide the Norwegian Union of Sexual Minorities, LLH: ValkyRiegaten 15A 5th floor, N-0366 OSLO, Tel.: 023-10-39-39, www.llh.no. For them, the rubric is still assigned to the site www.visitoslo.com/en/gay-oslo.

Arrival

Aircraft. Many international air carriers, including "SAS", "British Airways", "Continental Airlines", "Norwegian", "KLM", "Lufthansa" and "Thai Airways" fly to Norway either directly or with a transplant. Local flights serve SAS airlines, Norwegian and Wideroe.

Sea. Between Norway and Denmark, a ferry service serviced by "Color Line" (www.colorline.com), "DFDS SeaWays" (www.dfdsseaways. Co.uk), "Fjordline" (www.jodline.com) and "Stena Line "(Www. Stenaline.co.uk), and besides, the ferries of the carrier" Color Line "from Oslo in German Kiel and from Swedish Stonestad in Sanne Fjord. Numerous ferries and ships are running along the coast in Norway: the Hurtigruten steamer is known between Bergen and Kirkenes in the Far North (www. Hurtigruten.co.uk or www.hurtigruten.com).

By train. One of the options for arrival in the country, traveling through it and departure is associated with the acquisition of the railway ticket like Interrail (for Europeans) or Euraail (for the rest). It can be ordered before serving from its own country on the Internet, using the services of EURAIL GROUP (www.interrailnet. Sot), or by contacting European Rail by phone: 020-7619-1083 or at www.europeanrail.com (ordinary railway tickets within the Europe).

Guides and excursions

In English, many people say in Norway, so it is easy to find English-speaking guides and English-speaking excursions. Many bus, marine and museum tours are conducted in several languages: Norwegian, English, German, French and more and more often in Russian, Chinese and Japanese. Travel offices can enjoy a tour and guide and provide multilingual booklets about existing excursions. Some of the most popular excursions, such as Norway in Miniature ("Norway in A Nutshell", are held by the tour operators "Nutshell Tours" and "Fjord Tours" (www.norwaynutshell.com and www.fjordtours.com). A useful list of travel agencies can be found at www.visitnorway.com.

Health and medical care

Norway enters the European Economic Zone, so we come from the countries of this zone are the same medical care as the Norwegians. Citizens of countries in the European Union / European Economic Area must have a European Health Insurance Card, Ehic, issued via the Internet at www.ehic.org.uk; It is issued for free for five years. It is extremely desirable to get road insurance. Make sure that it covers both winter or extreme sports, if you are going to join them. There is no vaccination to travel to Norway, and the water from the tap is quite safe.

Oslo operates a 24-hour pharmacy (Apotek): JernBanetorvet Pharmacy, JernBanetorget 4B, N-0154 OSLO, Tel.: 23-35-81-00.

Language

In Norway, two official written languages \u200b\u200bare the bookmaker (Bokmal, "written language") and Nynorsk (Nynorsk, Novonorvezhsky). Approximately 86% of the population uses the bookmolt. In addition, in Norway, more than 20 thousand people speak the Sami languages \u200b\u200bthat are part of the Finno-Ugric language branches and are not related to the Norwegian language. English is widely distributed, which is taught in school from an early age.

Knowing some common expressions in the Norwegian language, though not necessarily, but will be appreciated. The stumbling block may be pronunciation, and in addition, in the Norwegian alphabet there are three additional letters for vowels, located at the end of the alphabet: æ, Ø and Å. Å is pronounced as "o", æ as "e", and Ø as "ё", and at the beginning of the word as "e".

Cards

Most local travel agencies have excellent maps of their region.

Media

Radio and television. The country has two leading television companies - state NRK with broadcasting on four channels and TV2, also with four channels. All programs go in the original language with subtitles. The state radio also prevails with the NRK with three channels operating in the frequency range of FM broadcasting and with digital broadcasting.

Newspapers and magazines. According to the reporters without borders' international non-state organization regarding the freedom of the printed word, Norway ranks first in the world. The leading daily newspapers are Aftenposten, DagBladet and Dagsavisen, but there are still many local newspapers and magazines. The Norway Post (www.norwaypost.no), which publishes news from Norway, published in English.

Money

Currency. Norway Monetary Unit - Norwegian Crown (Krone; is denoted by kg or NOK). 1 crown is 100 era (ORE). In the circulation there are coins of the dignity of 50 era, 1, 5, 10, 20 crowns and bills with a denomination of 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 kroons.

Exchange items. You can exchange money at the airport and at the Oslo Central Railway Station, as well as in many commercial and savings banks, in some post offices, Forex branches and in some hotels. Exchange is carried out mainly through the Forex branches (as a rule, Mon-Fri 8.00-20.00, Sat 9.00-17.00).

Credit and debit cards. Most of the well-known credit cards are made even in small establishments, which frees from the need to carry large amounts with them. ATMs are everywhere, and they easily use them, and in all cities I will definitely have at least one such device, but in the outback it is better to have some cash with you.

When losing a credit card, call: American Express, tel.: 0800-68-100. Diners Club, Tel.: 021-01-50-00. MasterCard, Tel.: 0800-30-250. Visa, tel.: 0815-00-500.

Traveler's checks. Travel checks gradually go out of use, but they can still be exchanged in Bank, Forex and other exchange offices. In banks, usually the exchange rate is more profitable.

Opening hours

The shops. Most stores are open Mon-Fri 10.00-17.00 or until 18.00, Sat 9.00-14.00. Shops in large cities and large shopping centers or supermarkets work longer, until 20.00 or 21.00, and even on Sun. Some shops are still closed for a lunch break, especially in rural areas, and private shops usually close for two weeks or more in July or August.

Banks. Banks operate Mon-Fri 9.00-15.30, to 17.00 Th. In the summer (mid-May - mid-August), banks close at 14.30 every day, however, exchange items work longer.

Police

Most police sites work on weekdays, and there is a duty to whom people can report a crime or a different incident. Police telephone 112, the call is free even from a payphone.

post office

Norwegian mailboxes and for internal, and for international correspondence of the same color, red. Most post offices operate Mon-Fri 8.00-17.00 and Sat 9.00-15.00, weekends.

Public transport

Norway public transport links many corners of the country, but in remote rural sites or places in the Far North have to get on the car or by a boat.

Aircraft. One of the best means of movement in the country is air transport. In Norway, about 50 airports, from where airplanes fly even to the most tiny counties. The main internal air carriers are "SAS" (www.flysas.com), "Norwegian" (www.norwegian.com) and "Wideroe" (www.wideroe.no).

Norwegian government railways, NSB, stretched 3000 km, up to Budo. Some paths pass on surprisingly picturesque places, especially the Bergery railway from Oslo to Bergen, an ineplete Rauma branch from Dombas (Dombas) to Ontalsnes (Andalsnes) and a felt railway from Murdal to Floma. Regarding tickets you can cope at www.nsb.no.

Norway has a number of bus carriers, the largest of which is considered the "Nor-Way Bussekspress" serving 40 routes (www.nor-weay.no). Tickets can be bought via the Internet or on the bus station. In the presence of free space You can hold a luggage bike and skis. The schedule of many buses is coordinated with the schedule of the movement of ferries or intersecting the routes of other buses.

Ferries / ships. A huge number of ferry and ship carriers serves the Norwegian coast. In many cases, these are shipping lines or car ferries that bind fjords and numerous islands with the mainland. More often to cross the fjord is faster on the ferry, rather than on the nearest bridge, where else to get to, and many roads communicate through ferry crossing. The leading carriers serve "Hurtigrut", "Fjordl", "Tide", "Fjordline", "Kolumbus", "Rodne FjordCruise" and "Senja Ferries".

Religion

Approximately 80% of the country's population Protestants belonging to the Lutheran Church. A similar number to some extent misleading, since a person is counted to the church immediately after baptism, and in reality Norway appears one of the most secular states of Europe, where residents visit the church once or twice a year. About 10% of the population do not profess any religion, and the rest belong to one or another religion, from the shamanism of the Saami to the religion of Bahai.

Phones

The automatic telephones accept coins, telephone or credit cards, and they can be easily found in large cities. Telephone cards are sold in newsstands, networks of small stores "7-Eleven" and in other similar stores. In the outback, including the extreme north, the chambers are harder to find telephones. Therefore, it is better to capture a mobile phone with you or, in the event of a long stay in the country, buy a Norwegian SIM card, not forgetting about the high rates for roaming and the inability to take a return call.

Difference in time

Time in Norway lags behind Moscow for two hours. When in Moscow is noon, in Norway ten o'clock in the morning. Norway is moving at the end of March, and in the winter - at the end of October.

Tip

It is customary to round the account in the restaurant or bar to the nearest 5 or 10 crowns, but rarely offended if this is not done. In the event of good service in a restaurant or bar, you can leave a tip in the amount of 10% of the account. Taxi drivers sometimes get a little big tips, whereas, for example, they are not accepted in the hairdresser.

Toilets

There are many clean and neat public toilets in cities; Most pay is carried out through the machine, the cost average is 5 crowns. In the countryside, the toilet is not so simple, but you can use, and often for free, restroom at maintenance stations, next to the main square or to travel agencies. Along the motorways, there are roadside platforms for parking cars with toilets, but in the outback and on country roads, the exhaust places, of course, are not provided.

Information for tourists

The protrusion on the mountain Skyegedal entitled "Troll's Tongue"

Norwegian tourism management has 17 main tourist information offices in the country, and in addition, there are many local tourist reference bureau, although some of them work only in the summer. International tourist sign is posted at all offices (White Letter "I" on a green background). Employees know everywhere, often speak in several languages, so they can tell about their edge and book accommodation and excursion.

• Tourist Information Bureau of the Central Station, Trafikanten Service Center, JernBanetorget 1, N-0154 OSLO (Mon-Fri 9.00-16.00), Tel.: 81-53-05-55, www.visitoslo.com.
• Norwegian Information Bureau, Fridtjof Nansens Plass 5, N-0160 OSLO, Tel.: 24-14-77-00, www.visitnorway.com, has information about Oslo and other corners of Norway.
• Bergen, VagsallMenningen 1, N-5003 Bergen, Tel.: 55-55-20-00, www.visitbergen.com.
• Stavanger, DomkirkePlassen 3, N-4006 Stavanger, Men.: 51-85-92-00, www.regionstavanger.com.

Visas and passports

For a trip to Norway, residents of the European Union countries need to have only a valid passport. Arriving from Canada, Australia, USA and New Zealand do not need a tourist visa, if they are held in Norway no more than 90 days.

Citizens of other countries should bring references in the Norwegian embassy of their country. Tourist visa is usually issued for three months.

Norway is among the countries participating in the Schengen Agreement. Citizens of Russia and CIS countries for visiting Norway require a visa and passport.

• "GA PA TUR", which means "stroll", is one of the features of a purely Norwegian attitude to life, when everything, from small to great, break off somewhere from the scene, if not every weekend, then quite often. Dressing warmer and putting strong shoes, they go to nature, often their path lies in the mountains. We certainly done a halt to reinforce the provisions, which is usually consisting of sandwiches with a thick chip of bread and hot black coffee from the thermos. In the summer weekend in many picturesque places of the country, whole families go to conquer the peaks and fjords, in particular in 33 national parks.
• After the adoption of Norway in the XI century. Christianity The first local preachers took up the construction of churches in the once pagan lands. These so-called stovers are medieval wooden structures, called the title pillars installed in the middle, around which the wooden frame was then built. For before, such churches in Northern Europe there were about two thousand, and they came to our days quite a bit.
  Twenty-nine stakes, mostly XII century, can be seen today. Stovets from Urnesa in Fühn Sogn-Fjuran is listed in UNESCO World Heritage Site
• Olav Haraldson (995-1030) completed the union of Norway, which began in the IX century. His ancestor Harald Chorfager (beautiful). He who took Christianity in England was destined to not only turn the country into this faith, but also to unite it. Long before all this happened, he fell in the battle in Styltestad, but soon his grave, which is now in the Nidarovsky Cathedral of Trondheim, began to occur miracles, as a result of which he began to read as saint. Olaf becomes the patron saint of Norway. In 1997, a pilgrim path was renewed in Trondheim, announced in 2010 by the cultural route of Europe.
• The Viking-Ship Museum in Oslo contains one of the most successful finds, including the vescered vessel found in the gravestone Kurgan on the Hydocerg farm, near the city of Tonsberg to the west of Oslo. Lady refers to about 800 AD.
• Entering the house, do not forget to remove the shoes, otherwise make the first (and perhaps an unforgivable) oversight.
• Night clubs have the right to visit only adults, often aged 21 or older. Therefore, if you look younger than your years, capture your identity card with you.
• In Christmas, you can taste an exhaled dried fish (Lutefisk), the rib lamb, partridge and, of course, alcohol: Mulled wine (Glogg, often diluted with a stronger alcohol), Yuleel (Jula0L, Christmas beer) and vodka Aquavitt (Akvavitt), the fastest drink ( from grain or potatoes with the addition of cumin seed).
• Norwegians adore black coffee, without milk, sugar, which drink from a large cup. And at the same time they do not suffer from insomnia at all.

Norway, in the territory of which the militant Vikings accepted Christianity in 994. In 1397, Norway became part of Dani for more than 4 centuries.

Since 1905, Norway has an independent state. During World War II, Norway was occupied by Nazi Germany, although she declared neutrality before that.

In 1949, Norway joined NATO. On referendums 1972 and 1994, Norway rejected the accession to the EU.

Geography of Norway

Location:

Northern Europe is washed by the Northern Sea and the Arctic Ocean, west of Sweden

Geographical coordinates:

Total area: 323 802 sq. M. KM

4 660 539 (July 2009 Evaluation)

10.99 Births / 1,000 (Evaluation 2009)

From the general population: 79.95 years

Place of the country in the world: 23
Men: 77.29 years
Women: 82.74 years (Evaluation 2009)

Type of government:

a constitutional monarchy

Capital: Oslo

Administrative districts:

Norway is divided into 19 Fühlke (provinces), which are combined in 5 main regions (which are not administrative units):

NUR-NORGA (Northern Norway):
Fühlke Nurland - Center: Budo;
Fulka Troms - Center: Tromso;
Fühlka Finnmark - Center: Vadso;
Tretellig (Central Norway):
Fulka Nur-Tretelli - Center: Stainhier;
Fulke Sir-Tretelag - Center: Trondheim;
Westland (Western Norway):
Fulka Möre-Og Romsdal - Center: Molda;
Fulka Sogn-OG FUSHURA - Center: Hermansworm (leucanger);
Fulka Khordalann - Center: Bergen;
Fulke Rugalan - Center: Stavanger;
Estlanne (Eastern Norway):
Oslo Fulke - Center: Oslo;
Fulka Akershus - Center: Oslo;
Fulka Estfall - Center: Moss;
Fulke Bowskrud - Center: Drammen;
Fulka Westfoll - Center: Tonsberg;
Fulka TeloMark - Center: Shien;
Fühlke Hedmark - Center: Hamar;
Fulka Splind - Center: Lillehammer;
Surlan (Southern Norway):
Fulka Eust-Agra - Center: Rental;
Fühlka West Agder - Center: Christiansanne.

Each Fühlke is divided into several communes. The total number of communes in Norway is 430.

Dependent areas:

Island Buvet, Jan Meyen, Svelbard

Independence:

National holiday:

Constitution:

Executive:

head of State: King Harald V (from January 17, 1991); Crown Prince of direct heir Heeconomy Magnus, son of Monarch (born July 20, 1973)
Head of Government: Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg (from October 17, 2005)
Cabinet: State Council appointed a monarch with the approval of parliament

Legislature:

modified single-pale parliament (169 places; deputies, elected by votes by voters in proportional representation, for four year time)
Elections: the last 14 September 2009 (next in September 2013)

Judicial branch:

Supreme Court (judges, appointed by the monarch)

Economy Norway

Economy - Overview:

The Norwegian economy is a successful welfare stronghold, an indicative successful model of the free market and state intervention.
Key areas of state control - the oil sector.
The country is provided with natural resources - oil, hydroelectric energy, fish, forests, and mineral resources - and is very dependent on the oil sector, which is almost half of exports and more than 30% of state income.
Norway - the third largest gas exporter in the world; His position as an oil exporter decreased to the seventh place, since the level of oil production drops.
Norway is not a member of the EU.

The Kingdom of Norway is a country in Northern Europe, the business card of which is nature with its narrow marine bays and rocky shores, mountains and forests. In addition, Norway is a state with the highest level of human development.

History and origin of Norway

Nurdes of Norwegians are considered to be nomadic Finnish tribes, which came to the territory of modern Norway about 10 thousand years ago. But only at the beginning of the IX century AD. Viking Harald Beautiful-haired was able to combine the tribes in one state and since then the era of Vikings began.

Vikings floated to other countries, alone to trade, others were engaged in robbery and conquest. But at the beginning of the XV century, their power weakened and Norway entered into an alliance with Denmark and Sweden, in which she goes on the tug of Sweden. Only in 1905, Norway broke the Union and became an independent state. The name of the country is quite simple. On the Valvesannavian "NorðRveGr" means "path to north".

Geographical location

The Kingdom of Norway is located on the Scandinavian peninsula and stretches the strip along its west coast. State Square 385 186 km², taking into account the islands in its territorial waters. In the east, Norway borders with Sweden, Finland and with Russia in the south-east. The coast of Norway is washed by the water of the Norwegian and Berertsey Seas.

The big cities themselves are Oslo, Trondheim and Bergen. But the most beautiful, which was determined by the Norwegians, is considered to be Olesund. The fact is that about 100 years ago, a large-scale fire happened here, after which architects came here from all over the country and rebuilt the city almost again. Here you can walk for hours, just looking at unusual houses with towers and spiers, bas-reliefs, flowers on the facades. In addition, there are no little attractions in the city, for example, viewpoint On the mountain Axla or the Museum of History.

Climate

In different areas of Norway, the climate is different. Under the influence of the North-Atlantic flow in the West of the country, a moderate marine climate prevails. In winter, the air temperature is not lowered below -3 ° C, and in the summer hesitates within + 16 ° C +18 ° C. In the central regions of the country, the climate is moderately continental with air temperature in winter to -20 ° C, and in the summer not higher than + 17 ° C. In the north of Norway, the subarctic climate. In winter, the air temperature may drop below - 22 ° C, in the summer hesitate from + 6 ° C to + 15 ° C.

The best time to travel to Norway of course depends on the goal. But in independence from her the most favorable time of the year is summer, when all types of rest are available here.

Population

90% of the population are Norwegians and indigenous people. Officially, the indigenous population of Norway is recognized by the people of Sámi, who lives in the country longer than all. They lead a semi-courtyard lifestyle, are engaged in hunting and fishing. The remaining 10% includes representatives of Poland, Sweden, Germany and Denmark, as well as immigrants from Iraq.

Norwegians are very detained, kind and hospitable. In the first place for Norwegians there is culture and education, and Norway is the first country in the world, which introduced a mandatory primary education. By the way, Norway spends more than more money than on defense.

State-political structure of the country

Under the form of the Board of Norway is a constitutional monarchy. The main law is the Constitution, adopted back in 1814, including additions and edits. Legislative power in the country is represented by a unicameral parliament, and the executive to the government. The head of Norway and the executive power is the king. In 1991, the King of Norway was chosen by Harald V.

Currency

Norwegian Curont National Unit is the Norwegian Crown. It consists of 100 oings. There are coins with a denomination of 10 and 50 orals, as well as 1, 5, 10 and 20 kroons, and banknotes are worth 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 crowns.

There is a restriction on the removal from the country of the national currency - 5 thousand crowns.

Traditions and religion

The state religion of the Kingdom - Lutherancy and almost 90% of the population belong to the country's state church. The remaining 10% includes adherents of Catholicism and Islam, as well as people who do not belong to any religion.

You can talk about the culture of Norway for a long time. It was here who lived and created Edward Munk, the artist of the famous painting "Creek". Norway gave the world of three nobel Laureaatov In literature, and this is the birthplace of such a musical course as black-metal.

Despite its restraint and even some kind of severeness, the Norwegians love holidays. The main holiday here is Independence Day, the street festivities and theatrical processions are saturated on time, parades are held and competitions are organized. Also celebrate Christmas, Easter, Trinity, Labor Day, Summer Sunfast Day.

National Kitchen Norway

An integral component of Norwegian cuisine is of course fish and seafood. Branded Norwegian fish dishes are:

• "Lutefis" - smoked boiled cod with potatoes, pea mashed potatoes and goat cheese;
• "Phiskoboller" - fish meatballs under the sauce;
• "Rakfis" - a worried trout.

Also, the Norwegians love meat. In the forests of the country, different game is mined, which is baked and served with sauces from berries, in particular juniper. A traditional Christmas dish is considered to be "Ribbe" - fried pine belly. Also in Norwegian restaurants you can find a lot of whale meat dishes.

Kompaniya Norwegian dessert can be considered Kroskake - waffle cookies. The dough for it is kneaded from flour, oil, eggs, sugar and cream, bake in a figured skillet. After that, we turn the cone and fill with various fillings, for example whipped cream.

Kingdom Norway It occupies the Western and Northern part of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Spitzbard Archipelago in the Arctic Ocean and Jan Mayen Island in the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean. Norway is washed by the Northern and Norwegian seas. In the North-East, it borders with Finland and Russia, in the East - with Sweden.

The name of the country comes from the ancient Norwegian Norreweg - North Road.

General information about Norway

Official name: Kingdom of Norway

Capital: Oslo

The area of \u200b\u200bthe land: 385.2 thousand square meters. KM

General population: 4.8 million people.

Administrative division: Norway is divided into 18 Fühlka (counties), which are managed by governors. Traditional division: Northern Norway, including three historical and geographic areas (Nurland, Trums, Fin-Mark), and Southern Norway, uniting four areas: Trennelag, Westland (West), Estlanne (East) and Ser-Lann (South).

Form of government: A constitutional monarchy.

Head of State: King.

Population composition: norwegian. In a number of Commune Troms and Finnmark, the status equal to him has a Sami.

Official language: german. Most tourism working in the sphere understand and speak English. In the border areas they speak: Hungarian, Slovenian, Croatian, Czech, Italian.

Religion: 85.7% - Lutheran Church, 2.4% - Orthodox, 1.8% -Musman, 1% - Pentecostals, 1% - Catholics, 8.1% - Others.

Internet domain: .no

Voltage in the power grid: ~ 230 V, 50 Hz

Country Code: +47

Country barcode: 700-709

Climate

Caling almost completely in moderate belt, in comparison with other land plots located on the same latitudes, the south of Norway is significantly warmer and moistened to thanks to a large influx of heat from the Norwegian flow. The warm current, however, does not penetrate the strait of Skagerrak, which sharply affects the climate of Southeast Norway, at the same time the continental air masses from the Baltic easily penetrate here.

Also, often in the incremental zone penetrate the masses from higher latitudes, where the Arctic maximum is dominated in the winter. Since the surface of Norway is steeply breaking to the sea, and the valleys are pulled meridionally, warm air masses cannot penetrate very deeply in them, which creates a situation when in the winter temperatures reduction gradient when driving a fjord is greater than when moving to the north.

The height of the Scandinavian mountains does not allow to undergo air masses to the east of the country, and create a barrier effect, which, subject to significant waters, is the cause of the loss of a huge amount of precipitation, both in the summer and in winter. The influence of a warm current on the climate of the country is not connected with the direct heating of the coequalized layer of air (because the territory of the south of Norway is separated from this flow by 300-400 km.), And with Western transfer, bringing these heated air masses.

The average January temperatures range from -17 ° C in the north of Norway in the city of Karasuk to +1.5 ° C on the southwest coast of the country. The average temperatures of July are about +7 ° C in the north and about +17 ° C in the south in Oslo.

Geography

Norway is located in the north of Europe, in the western part of the Scandinavian Peninsula. A third of the countries lies with the northern polar circle. The total area of \u200b\u200bthe country is about 387 thousand square meters. km. The country has overall boundaries on land with Russia, Sweden and Finland. In the north of the Norway's coast is washed by the Barents Sea, in the West - Norwegian and Northern Seas, in the south of the strait of Skagerrak separates Norway from Denmark. Norway belongs to Svalbergen Archipelago with the Island of Bear in the North Arctic Ocean, Jan-Mayen Island in North Atlantic, as well as Bouvea Island off the coast of Antarctica and more than 50 thousand small islands.

The territory of Norway is mainly mountainous and covered with forests, tundra and mountainous vegetation. Higher points - Gallhapiggen (2469 m) and Glitterinn (2452 m), located in the array of Yutunheimen. SAMI long river - Glomma (600 km), the largest lake - Miens (362 km). High plateaus (felda) are covered in Europe's largest glaciers, the total area of \u200b\u200bwhich are 5 thousand square kilometers. The biggest from the glaciers - the unitary-fed (the largest glacier in Europe), is welded in the northern part of the Central Norway. Throughout the Norwegian coastline there are fjords, they have formed thousands of years ago, when the glaciers were deeply crashed into a land. The longest - Sogne - Fjord (204 km).

Flora and fauna

Vegetable world

The tundra vegetation (subnivinal-nival belt) has a significant distribution and timed to the most highly mountainous districts, to the territories adjacent to the glaciers and the northern part of the country. Growing conditions here are the most unfavorable within Norway: low temperatures, a slight vegetation period, the widespread spread of snowflates and the proximity of glaciers, strong winds and low-rise soil cover. Therefore, vegetation cover here is extremely fragmented and mainly represented by various moss and lichens.

The vegetation of the alpine belt occupies the extensive spaces of the fioldors and the most sublime sections of the west coast above the line of possible growth of trees, located at an average height of 800 - 1700 m., The values \u200b\u200bof which, as in the case of the vegetation of the subnivan-nivalny belt, are growing when moving from west to east . The climatic conditions in which these formations are growing are also unfavorable. The trees in this belt are completely absent, the dominant communities are shrubs and disintegration, shrub vegetation appears only on the lowest plaster meters, the mossy-lichen tier is weakly developed and appears only in areas, long-covered snow. The species composition includes amphiatral and circumpolar species. Dominant plant forms here are hemicriptoophytes and hamphites.

Mountain forests and palparty occupy the most large squares On the territory of Norway, located in the lower yarus of the Scandinavian mountains. Rise up to 1000 m. In the most continental sites, and in the coastal zone of the Atlantic descend even in lowlands under the action of a total reduction of waist borders here. This belt includes pure birch forests on Western macroscone, and pine-birch forests in more continental parts.

The taiga zone also occupies significant areas on the territory of Southern Norway, occupying the most continental areas (Island and East Serlan), as well as going to the coast on the plain of TRANNELA, where the ocean's sweeping influence is still noticeable, but it allows taiga vegetation here. There are no formations of this belt on the western macroscone of the mountains and in the area of \u200b\u200bthe fjords. Represented by spruce and in the south of Dubovo-fir and pine forests.

The atlantic heather's pellets occupy a narrow coastal external strip throughout the entire west coast, without going deep into the fjords. Heathless empties are developed here on well-drained, oligotrophic acid substrates. Wood and shrubs are generally absent here, however, they can appear in some places well-protected from the wind that blows from the sea. In the species, heather predominates in combination with shrubs, herbs, cereals, ms and lichens. Soil and vegetation covers here are often fragmented.

Mixed and wide forests in Norway are represented by small sites that occupy the southernmost part of the country. However, the inner parts of the largest fjords where the across the ocean's heaving effect is also occupied by embedded wide forests taking intrazonal nature there. Represented by oak, beech and ash forests.

Poaming vegetation is represented by a large-scale section of the floodplain of the Glomma Rivers and Logen in the area of \u200b\u200btheir merger. Here is the hydrophilic vegetation due to periodic flooding flooding. It has been expressed by forests from alder and spruce, which occupy floodplain and older decrees.

Animal world

In the forests of Norway, there are the following representatives of the animal world: lynx, noble deer, curtain, caress, badger, beaver, ermine, protein. In the tundra there are white and blue sands, lemming (Norwegian mouse), reindeer. Everywhere in large commercial quantities the hare and fox are found, while the wolf and the bear are almost exterminated.

In Norway, a large number of birds: Glukhari, Tetherieva, Seagulls, Gaga, Wild Ducks, Geese. In coastal rocks, huge bird colonies nest. IN seawood There is a large number of fish, of which are traditionally commercial: herring, cod, mackerel. In rivers and lakes dwells trout, salmon, salmon.

sights

The main treasure of Norway is its nature. Thousands of secluded bays and picturesque fjords are looking to her coast, and low mountains covered with forests and meadows create a unique color of this country. Thousands of clean lakes and rivers give a unique opportunity to enjoy fishing and water sports, and carefully guarded nature allows you to get acquainted with one of the most untouched by a person's corners of Europe.

Fjords are the main attraction of the country. The entire coastline of the country is raised by these narrow and deep bays, with the signs of the ancient Scandinavian sagas. The most popular from the tourists of Eggrangerfjord, Lyusefjord, Sognefjord,

You can exchange currency in any bank or post office, as well as in the departments of the bank at the railway station and at Oslo Airport. Cashless payment forms are extremely developed, the main credit cards are accepted almost everywhere.

Travel checks can be exchanged in most banks, travel agencies, post offices and offices of international payment systems. Some banks take a certain percentage from each check, so it is more profitable to import money with a single check.

Useful information for tourists

Night clubs, discos and other entertainment places have a clear gradation regarding the age of visitors, the range of proposed alcoholic beverages and work time. Therefore, for the entrance to many of them may require a passport. Entrance to most museums are free.

Smoking is prohibited in all types of public transport and on board the aircraft, as well as in most public buildings, offices, etc. In hotels, bars and restaurants in all common areas, smoking is prohibited, and a third of the tables are not necessarily allocated for non-smoking. The same policies are carried out and hotels - up to 50% of hotel rooms are intended only for non-smoking, and this should be considered when choosing a hotel. Cigarettes are sold only to persons who have reached 18 years.

All parking lots in Norway paid. Outside, it is impossible to park - there can be only cars living in the surrounding houses of the inhabitants.