Location Eurasia. Physico-geographical position of Eurasia

Eurasia is the greatest mainland of the globe. It takes 1/3 of all the sushi of the planet. Huge sizes I. complicated structure earth crust Create unique natural conditions on a variety.

Geographic records of the mainland

Eurasia is the highest mountain of the Earth - Jomolungma (Everest), the largest mountain system in Square - Tibet, the largest peninsula - the Arabian, the largest geographic area - Siberia, the lowest dot of sushi - Wpadin of the Dead Sea.

Eurasia is the highest mainland on Earth, its average height is about 830 meters. Eurasia is especially great height oscillations. The difference between the Dead Sea, the highest peaks of the Himalayas exceeds 9 kilometers.

Eurasia relief is extremely diverse, it is one of the largest plains and mining systems of the world: Eastern European Plain, West Siberian Plain, Tibetan Highlands.

Eurasia has the highest mountains on Earth - Himalayas, with the highest peak of the world - Mount Jomolungma.

Fig. 4. Jomolungma

Eurasian mountain systems of the Himalayas, Tibet, Gindukusha, Pamirs, Tien Shan and others form the largest mountain area on Earth. This part of Eurasia is distinguished by the great activity of the earth's crust.

Fig. 5. Relief Eurasia ()

What explain to the diversity of relief Eurasia? This is the result of the mutual action of internal and external relief processes.

The territory of Eurasia, as a mosaic, is composed of platform blocks connected by multi-axis folded belts. The most ancient - Eastern European, Siberian, Sino-Korean and South China platforms.

Plains and mountains created by internal forces constantly change their relief under the influence of external forces.

Relief shapes created by rivers are common on the mainland everywhere: the slopes of the mountains are dissected by gorges and canyons, the surface of the plateau - terraces.

River nansions are alluvius - the largest plains of Eurasia are complicated - the Great Chinese, Indo-Gangskaya, Mesopotamskaya, West Siberian.

Fig. 6. Mesopotamskaya lowland

In the south-east and south-west, Eurasia - Indochina, in the Mediterranean, in the Caucasus are widespread karst forms. Limestones, the foundation surface, dissolve the water seeping into the waters. And on the surface there are bottomless abyss, and deeply under the ground - caves, bias frequencies of stalagmites and stalactites.

Homework

Read § 43. Perform practical work:

In the contour map, using the atlas map and lecture text, apply the objects of the mainland coastline.

Bibliography

Basici:

Geography. Earth and people. Grade 7: Tutorial for general. Uch. / A. P. Kuznetsov, L.E. Savelyeva, V.P. Drones. Series "Spheres". - M.: Enlightenment, 2011. Geography. Earth and people. 7 CL: Atlas. Series "Spheres". - M.: Enlightenment, 2011.

Additional:

1. Maksimov N.A. Behind the pages of the textbook geography. - M.: Enlightenment.

Literature for preparing for GIA and EGE

1. Tests. Geography. 6-10 kl.: Teaching manual / A. A. Lethagin. - M.: LLC "Agency" Krp "Olymp": Astrel, AST, 2001. - 284 p.

2. Tutorial by geography. Tests I. practical tasks According to geography / I. A. Rodionova. - M.: Moscow Lyceum, 1996. - 48 p.

3. Geography. Answers on questions. Oral exam, theory and practice / V. P. Bondarev. - M.: Publishing House "Exam", 2003. - 160 p.

4. Thematic tests for preparing for final certification and the exam. Geography. - M.: Balam, ed. House RAO, 2005. - 160 s.

1.Russian geographical Society ().

2. Russian education ().

3. Journal "Geography" ().

4. Geographical directory ().

Eurasia - The largest mainland of the earth. Together with the islands, its area is 54.9 million km2 - 36.8% sushi. The mainland consists of two parts - Europe and Asia. At the same time, 4/5 of them falls on Asia and 1/5 part - to Europe - two parts of the world, which traditionally allocated in Eurasia. The names of these parts of the world occurred in ancient times and mean translated from the Assyrians: " erebus "- West and" aCS "East. The border between them is carried out along the eastern foot of the Urals, the Emba River, the northern shore of the Caspian Sea, the Kumo Manic Wpadin, on the Azov, Black and Marmara Seas, Bosphorus and Dardanelles.

The mainland is in the northern hemisphere, Zero Meridian crosses it in the West. The extreme points of the mainland: Northern - Cape Chelyuskin (78º s. Sh.), South - Cape Piaay (1º s. sh.), Western - Cape Rock (9º z.), Eastern - Cape Dezhnev (170º). Mainland is washed all Oceans. His coast has the largest number of seas and large bays. The coastline is strongly cut. From Africa, he separates the Suez Canal, from North America - Bering Strait.

Due to the high length of the mainland from north to south (8000 km) and from west to east (16,000 km) nature It has a great variety and contrast: here, are located highest peak of the world - Jomolungma (Everest - 8848 m) and the deepest Wpadina Sushi - Dead Sea (395 m below sea level); point of Cold Northern Hemisphere - Oymyakon (-71 ºС) and sultry Mesopotamia; the most rainy place In the world - Cherapundy (12,000 mm of precipitation per year) and the areas of the Arabian Peninsula, where 44 mm of precipitation falls for the year.

In addition, Eurasia is located the biggest lake In the world - the Caspian Sea, its area is 396,000 km2, as well as the deepest freshwater in the world lake - Baikal (depth 1637 m), on the territory of Eurasia was observed the lowest air temperature (excluding Antarctica) in the Oymyakon (Russia) -70 ° C.

Relief and minerals.

The diversity of nature, Eurasia is connected not only with the peculiarities of the geographical position of the mainland, its gigantic sizes, but also with the emergency complexity of the structure of the earth's crust and the relief of the mainland. The mainland is the following platform: Eastern European, Siberian, Sino-Korean, Indian, African-European, which are based on extensive plains: Eastern European, Medium-Siberian Plateau, Great Chinese, Plateau Dean and Arabian Plateau.

Mountain education It took place in different folds. So, in the ancient gercy folding, mountains of Central European and Scandinavian mountains were formed. Pyrenees, Alps, Carpathians, Caucasus, Kopetdag, Majia and Iranian Highlands, Pamir were formed in the Alpine Foldness. The movements of lithospheric plates continue to influence the formation of the relief: there are in the territory of the mainland two seismic belts - Pacific and European-Asian. On the territory of Eurasia there are many operating volcanoes, especially in the Pacific belt.

(Image size 3148x2087, 96DPI, 3.8 MB)

Lowlands We are located in the foothill defditions (Indo-Gangskaya, Mesopotamskaya). 75% of Asia territory occupy plateau, Highlands and Mountain Ridges.

Eurasia is exclusively rich mineral resources. With sedimentary rocks, large oil reserves (Persian Bay, North Sea shelf, Arabian Peninsula) and Gas (Great Chinese Plain, Indo-Gangskaya Lowland) are connected. Magmatic rocks are associated with iron ore deposits (Peninsula in Industan, China, Scandinavian Peninsula). Through southern China, Indochina Peninsula, Malacca stretches the tin-tungsten belt. Rudes of non-ferrous metals lie in the mountains of the Alpine-Himalayan belt and on the decan plateau. Sedimentary origins have bauxites (Alps, Indochina).

Inland waters.

The territory of Eurasia refers to Pools of all oceans. The central part of the mainland (40% of the area) is to the field of internal flow. Most of the rivers of foreign Europe are to the Atlantic Ocean Basin, they differ in power types and regime. The rivers of the western part of foreign Europe (Thames, Hayen, Loire) have mainly rain food, full-flowered all year; Foreign River of Eastern Europe (Neman) have mixed or soaring nutrition, spilled in spring and freeze in winter; The rivers of the Mediterranean are melting in the summer, in the winter.

The river basin of the Northern Ocean is dominated by snow. In winter, they freeze, and in the spring bloom. The rivers of the southern part of Foreign Asia (ind, gang, tiger, Euphrates) belong to the pool Indian Ocean. They have mixed - glacier, rain, snow (with a predominance of rain) food, summer flood. River basin Pacific Ocean (Juanhe, Yangtze) due to the monsoon climate type have rain nutrition, bloom throughout the year. The Mekong River in terms of regime and nutrition is similar to the rivers of the southern part of Asia. In the north-west of Europe, many large lakes of glacial and glacial and tectonic origin (Venern, vetertain). The clusters of the lakes are in the foothills of the Alps (Geneva, Zurich, Bodenskoye).

Animal and vegetable world.

Natural vegetation (oaks, myrth, strawberry tree, wild olives, laurel) preserved in small areas, because These areas were mastered and this vegetation was destroyed as a result economic activity man. Wild animals are a little, most of them live only on protected areas (wild goats and rams, reptiles, birds, rodents). In the east of the mainland, the monsomon climate with the summer maximum of precipitation, very rich forests of tropical type are preserved on reds and yellow-beams with magnolias, camphor laurels, camellias, bamboo. Fall and coniferous trees are mixed with them: oak, rhine, cypresses, pines, many Lian. Wild animals have been preserved in the mountains (Black Himalayan Bear, Bamboo Bear Panda, Monkey Macaki, Leopards; Poultry - Pheasants, Parrots).

Abstract lesson "Eurasia. Geographical position."

Eurasia is the largest mainland area. It accounts for 36% of the entire sushi of the globe. The three-quarters of the world's population live on its territory and 94 official states are located. What features does the mainland have? Description of the geographical position of Eurasia, its climate, nature and other characteristics you will find in our article.

Due to the high length and unique geographical position, Eurasia has a huge natural diversity and is a record holder in many respects. Here are just some of her features:

Most of the ancient civilizations developed in Eurasia, they were committed here the greatest discovery And the main world religions arose. It was from here that the first research ships sailed.
Here is the largest country in the world - Russia, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich is 17,100,000 km².
There are many mountains in the mainland. In the Asian part there is the highest mountain system (Himalayas) and the largest system in area (Tibet). His highest point is Jomolungma, or Everest, reaching 8848 meters.
The Arabian Peninsula in the south of the continent is the largest in the world and covers an area of \u200b\u200b3.25 million km².
The mainland is the largest lake (Caspian Sea), the deepest freshwater lake (Baikal) and the narrower strait (Bosphorus).

Description of the geographical position of the mainland Eurasia

Eurasia takes 54.3 million km 2. The main part of the mainland is in the northern and eastern hemispheres of the planet. It includes two parts of light - Europe and Asia, which are separated by the conditional boundary conducted on the main natural objects (Ural Mountains, the Caspian Sea, etc.).

The main feature of the geographical situation of Eurasia is that it is washed by all the oceans: Indian in the south, northern ice-in-northern in the north, Atlantic in the West and Silim in the East. The closest it is located to Africa, separating from it. Mediterranean and Red Seas, Suez Canal and Gibraltar Strait. In addition to continental sushi, it also includes a huge number of islands, the total area of \u200b\u200bwhich is superior to 3 million km 2.

From the west to East, Eurasia stretches for 18 thousand km, and from north to south - by 8 thousand km. Its extreme mainland and island points:

western - Cape Roca in Portugal and the rock of a monoshik in the Azores;
eastern - Cape Dezhnev and Ratmanov Island in Russia;
northern - Cape Chelyuskin and Cape Flygeli in Russia;
southern - Cape Piaay in Malaysia and South Island in Kiling (Coconut Islands).

Relief

The mainland relief is uneven and is represented as lowlands and significant ray of the landscape. In the northern part of it is the Eastern European Plain - one of the largest in the world. It extends within 12 states from the shores of the Baltic and Black Seas to the Caspian Sea and the Ural Mountains.

In the relief, the mainland is also distinguished by the West Siberian Plain, Tibetan Highlands, Turan Lowland, Indo-Gangskaya, Great Chinese Plains. There are high and medium mining systems on its territory, such as: Alps, Caucasus, Carpathians, Himalayas, Urals, Tien Shan and others. The average eurasia elevation is approximately 830 meters.

Climate

The geographical position of Eurasia largely determines its climate. It is represented by the mainland with all the belts and natural zones. In the north, part of its territory is located for the polar circle. Here is the zone of subarctic and arctic deserts, where the snow is most of the year and low temperatures are valid.

Central areas of Eurasia covers moderate zonewhich stretches over the entire length: from West to East Coast. In the Asian part of the mainland in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Arabian Peninsula and partially indostan, a tropical belt represented by hot and arid deserts.

Eastern there are a subequatorial and equatorial belt. They are characterized by strong seasonal or year-round precipitation, frequent typhoins and hurricanes. In the European part, tropical, subequatorial and equatorial belts are not presented. In the south there are subtropics with marine and arid climate types.

Thanks geographical position Mainland Eurasia, it is strongly displayed oceanic flows. So, the water of the Atlantic is very softening the conditions in the European part, making the winter softer, and the summer is cooler. In the depths of the mainland, where sea winds do not reach, the climate is dry continental. In the East (especially on the coast), the climate is replaced twice a year, falling, then under the action of wet monsoons, then under the influence of dry winds from the continent.

Nature of continent

The geographical position of Eurasia is similar to the situation of North America. Both continents are located between the Arctic and equatorial climatic belts. But thanks to the extensive area of \u200b\u200bEurasia, some natural zones It is expressed much brighter, and latitude zonality It can be more distinct.

The mainland is represented a large number of Natural complexes and all existing natural zones. In the north there are plots of permafrost, permanent ice and snow. White bears, polar hares, owls and polar foxes live here. Just below stretch the tundra areas with swampy empty, lichens and mkhami, and even lower the taiga begins with thick coniferous and mixed forests.

Southern and central regions of the mainland are not less than a variety. Depending on the specific location, there are forests and forest-steppes, wet grassy meadows, dry steppes, lifeless deserts, evergreen jungle and mangrove thickets.

In the northern and coastal areas of the continent, many full-flow rivers, swamps and lakes. Some powerful watercourses begins in the mountains. At the same time, the territory of the Arabian Peninsula and the desert Tar is considered the most arid in Eurasia. There are no permanent rivers, and the only salvation are underground keys and rare seasonal rains. Deserts are also present on the territory of Central Asia.

Uniqueness of Eurasia

Each mainland of our planet has its unique features and peculiar geographically position. Eurasia can be called special due to the fact that it is surrounded by all four oceans and is located in all climatic belts. This is the largest and the most extended Mainland of the Planet from the west to the east - in size, it is almost twice as much as Africa, and Australia is seven times. The combination of all factors forming Eurasia contributed to her huge variety and made it unique.

Municipal general Education "Average comprehensive school № 17

from. Twisted beam "

"The physico-geographical position of Eurasia.

Story study »

Prepared teacher geography

MOU "Secondary school № 17

from. Twisted beam. "

The subject of the lesson: the physico-geographical position of Eurasia. Story study.

Type of lesson: opening new knowledge.

Objectives lesson:

Secure the concept of the geographical position of the mainland and the ability to draw up a characteristic
geographic location. Examine the outline of Eurasia, the size and history of continental development. Educate interest in the subject.

Equipment: physical map of Eurasia. Multimedia Projector, Computer, Interactive Board, Physical Card Hemispheres, Geographical Atlas For Grade 7, Contour Maps, Textbook Geography, Work Sheets for Pupils, Cards with Geographic Nomenclature, Cards with Jobs, SD - Disk "Geography of Raven and Oceans"

Supporting knowledge: Determination of directions, geographical coordinates on the map; The concept of "geographical location of the mainland", plan characteristics of the geographical position of the mainland

Structure lesson

I. "Call" Motivation for the study of a new material. - 4 min.

Creating a positive attitude. Conformity definition: Mainland - Object

II. Studying a new material

1. The wording of the lesson theme student is 1 min.

3. Formulation of students' main tasks of lesson based on working sheets.

(Appendix 1) - 2 min.

4. Organization independent work (Permanently performed in pairs or individually) - 15 min.

Characteristics of FGP Eurasia on the previously studied plan. (Appendix 2) options for choosing

5. Problem situation (Work in groups or individual work, optional) -3- 4 min.

6. Study of Eurasia. Computer presentation prepared by the student. (Appendix 5) Filling the table. - 4 min. Individual work (lecture element)

III. Fastening the material. Tasks for choosing. (Appendix 3) Self-controlling knowledge. 4-5 min.

Ivultage of self-esteem. Adjustment. 2 minutes.

V. Reflection: express profile (degree of participation) (Appendix 4) 1 min

Vi. Homework: job tasks. 1-2 min.

Lesson's course: I. "Call" Motivation for the study of a new material.

Creating a teacher at the beginning of the lesson of a positive attitude to work.

Guys, many of you, like me, love to travel. But what journey can be in the middle school year? And so I remembered the words of the poet A. Tvardovsky:

There are two discharge of travel.

One - go off the place in the distance

The other is to sit on the spot.

Flip back calendar.

I took the old calendar and on one of the pages I saw a picture of the beautiful (old) ship running around the waves and so wanted to go on it to a new journey

I suggest you make this journey together.

And so from today's lesson you will begin to discover for yourself for the mainland of Eurasia. Find out about his nature, originality of the organic world, about countries and peoples inhabiting Eurasia.

Slide 3 Let's write to the notebook

The topic of our lesson "Geographical position and history of research of Eurasia".

Your main task in the lesson is to work out the ability to determine the geographical location of the mainland. To identify such features of the mainland, which make it unique, different from all other continents. You will get acquainted with the names of researchers who made a great contribution to the study of Eurasia.

Moreover, you already know how to discover the mainland.

What continents have you already discovered, studied?

I offer you a game: according to the characteristics, determine what kind of mainland are we talking about and show it on the map. (Presentation)

Slides 5-6

Equator passes almost in the middle.
It ranks second in the area.
The hottest mainland. (AFRICA)

Slides 7-8

The dry mainland
The most remote mainland.
The smallest area. (Australia)

Slides 9-10.

3. The most wet mainland.

Here is the longest mountain chain on land. A lot of full-water rivers flows on the mainland. (SOUTH AMERICA)

Slides 11-12.

4. Mainland, covered with ice layer.

This continent was opened by Lazarev and Bellinshausen. There is not a single state. (ANTARCTICA)

Slides 13-14.

This mainland lies in the North and West Hemisphere. Part of this continent belonged to Russia. Here is the most rugged coastline. (NORTH AMERICA)

So, going on a trip to Eurasia, let's remember the area of \u200b\u200bthe mainland?

Go to the board and show all the continents and their square.

Studying the continents, we collected a portfolio (in other words, the ship diary was done on all ships), tell me what is in your pofolio

From today's lesson, we begin to collect a portfolio of Eurasia.

Eurasia is the mainland on which we live. This is the greatest mainland of the Earth. It takes 1/3 of all sushi. This is the biggest and difficult tokens of the land.

A huge mainland comes in the north far beyond the polar circle, and in the south comes to the equator.

From the west to the east, its length is 16 thousand km, and from north to south 8 thousand km. If you consider the islands, the territory of Eurasia is only about 10 degrees does not reach the North Pole and 11 degrees enter the southern hemisphere.

And now let's try to determine the geographical position of the mainland. You already know how to do it. Therefore, today you will work independently with the help of cards - modules.

1. In work, you can use the text of the textbook, the atlas cards, additional sources of information.

2. Watch attention on the table of each group is also a ship during the lesson you should give it a name and explain why you assigned it this "name"

3. For each student on the table there are two applications: a student's work list (Appendix 1) and a description plan of the geographical position of the mainland (Appendix 2), take them and carefully consider it. Have questions?

4. For each student on the table there is a table that we fill in the entry of the lesson, a test to consolidate the learned knowledge in the lesson and the self-assessment profile, they fill them at the end of the lesson.

Well, a passing wind blows and it's time for us to go on the road.

Students work independently with the help of module cards. According to the stages, it goes collective discussion Tasks set. On an interactive board (on the contour map of Eurasia) students sign extreme Points Mainland, oceans, wake-up mainland, coastline objects. By physical Mail Eurasia show seas, straits, islands, peninsula, archipelagoes.

(The rest of the students together with protruding fill the contour card)

Slide 18 Coastline

Slide 19 Indicate on the contour map Coastline

Slide 20 Position in relation to the equator, zero meridian.

Slides 21-22 extreme points

Go to an interactive map

What is Eurasia?

This is Europe Plus Asia.

From two parts

The largest mainland.

Indeed, Eurasia consists of two parts: Europe and Asia.

Europe takes part of Eurasia to the west of the Ural Mountains and north from the Caucasian Mountains and the Marmara Sea.

Europe is sometimes called " Old world" She has long been clothing and explored. Here originated and developed ancient civilization. However, a long, often predatory activity of a person has greatly changed the pristine nature. Forests are cut down, the races of the steppes, which were the natural habitat of animals, were exterminated by many species of animals and birds.

In Europe, there are no places left where the person's leg has come.

Thank you. We listen to the message about Asia.

Asia is the most part of the world. She takes a third of the earthly sushi and extends from the Northern Ocean to the equator.

Here are the greatest mountain systems - Himalayas, Tien Shan, Big Caucasus, Gobi Desert. Lake Baikal (the deepest in the world).

The world of plants and animals Asia affects diversity and wealth.

Asia is the birthplace of many plants that have become common crops. Animal world Also varied and exotic.

The border between Europe and Asia has a length of 5100 km.

Remember, the conventional border is made along the eastern foot of the Ural Mountains, along the Emba River, the northern coast of the Caspian Sea and Kumo-Manic Wpadin. The marine border passes through the Azov and Black Seas, as well as on the sheds connecting the Black and Mediterranean Sea.

It is possible to talk about the discovery of Eurasia only conditionally - after all, it was from Europe that the discovers of America, Australia and Antarctica went on the road. It is not surprising that most of the research fell to the Asian part of the mainland. Marko Polo Travel, Athanasius Nikitin, Research and - Tian-Shanskaya, are most famous.

For more information about these studies, we will tell us in advance prepared students. Your task will carefully listen to classmates, and fill in the table in your work sheets.

What is the merit in the study of the mainland of Eurasia?

(Central Asia. It passed about 33 thousand km. He studied Xr. Tibet, Gobi Desert, the upper horse River. Huanghe and Yangtze (China), described plants and animals, described a wild horse and camel. During the trip, it defined its route. Coordinates and heights, conducted meteorological observations, collected collections mountain breeds and plants.)

What is the merit of Semenov-Tyan-Shan in the study of the mainland of Eurasia?

(Twice made an expedition to Tien Shan Mountains. Opened Peak Han-Tengri, proved the lightlessness of Lake Issyk-Kul, his tectonic origin. For big merits for the surname, the name of the mining system was added. Mountain ridge, high peak and glacier in Central Asia are named His surname)

Whose name is called Cape Chelyuskin?

(named the participant of the Great northern expedition Navigator Seeds Chelyuskin,

which in 1741 opened this cape, drawn his card and described.)

In honor of whom the Cape Dezhnev is named?

(Named in honor of the Russian landowner, that in 1648 the Strait was held for the first time

between Asia and America.)

Who gave the name Chukchi Peninsula?

(Named Bering named local residents - Chukchi. Translated from Chukchi "Chukch" means - "Rich deer".)

The history of settlement and research of the mainland Eurasia.

Travelers

results

2. Semenov-Tian-Shan

Central Asia. There was about 33 thousand km.

Twice performed an expedition to Tien Shan Mountains.

He studied XP. Tibet, Gobi Desert, Worthy R. Huanghe and Yangtze (China), described plants and animals, described a wild horse and camel. During the trip, it caused its route to the card, determined the coordinates and heights, conducted meteorological observations, collected the collection of rocks and plants.

Opened Peak Han-Tengri, proved the blindness of Lake Issyk-Kul, his tectonic origin. For big merits for the surname of the scientist added the name of the mining system. Mountain ridge, high peak and glacier in Central Asia are named after his last name.

Fastening a new material.

It's time to summarize

Slide 28. Comparative characteristics Eurasia and Australia

Slide 29-30 Test "Geographical position of Eurasia. Story study »

Test work on leaves, then checked using the presentation

And now it's time for you to voice the name of your ships and explain why you called them so.

CROSSWORD.

The conclusion about the self-esteem of students:

Who, what appreciation to yourself put.

3. Conclusion.

In conclusion, let's make a conclusion, proving the situation "Eurasia - the greatest array of sushi"

Eurasia - Veliesty

massive sushi.

Interesting Facts:

The largest island off the coast of Eurasia UK. The largest peninsula is Arabian. The largest sea area is Mediterranean. The smallest sea is Azov. The largest bay is Bengal, "Colored Sea" - black, red, yellow, white.

5. Homework Slide 31

1. Collect data on the natural records of Eurasia.

2. Text in Tutorial - Paragraph number 59

On the next lesson as a check homework Students proposed computer test "Geographical position of Eurasia"

If the time remains the video of the trousers

Due to the high length and unique geographical position, Eurasia has a huge natural diversity and is a record holder in many respects. Here are just some of her features:

Most of the ancient civilizations developed in Eurasia, the greatest discoveries were committed here and the main world religions arose. It was from here that the first research ships sailed.
Here is the largest country in the world - Russia, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich is 17,100,000 km².
There are many mountains in the mainland. In the Asian part there is the highest mountain system (Himalayas) and the largest system in area (Tibet). His highest point is Jomolungma, or Everest, reaching 8848 meters.
The Arabian Peninsula in the south of the continent is the largest in the world and covers an area of \u200b\u200b3.25 million km².
The mainland is the largest lake (Caspian Sea), the deepest freshwater lake (Baikal) and the narrower strait (Bosphorus).

Description of the geographical position of the mainland Eurasia

Eurasia occupies 54.3 million km2. The main part of the mainland is in the northern and eastern hemispheres of the planet. It includes two parts of light - Europe and Asia, which are separated by the conditional border conducted by the main natural objects (Ural Mountains, the Caspian Sea, Kerch Strait, etc.).

From the west to East, Eurasia stretches for 18 thousand km, and from north to south - by 8 thousand km. Its extreme mainland and island points:

western - Cape Roca in Portugal and the rock of a monoshik in the Azores;
eastern - Cape Dezhnev and Ratmanov Island in Russia;
northern - Cape Chelyuskin and Cape Flygeli in Russia;
southern - Cape Piaay in Malaysia and South Island in Kiling (Coconut Islands).

Relief

Climate

The Central Districts of Eurasia covers a moderate zone, which stretches throughout the entire length: from the West to East Coast. In the Asian part of the mainland in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Arabian Peninsula and partially indostan, a tropical belt represented by hot and arid deserts.

Thanks to the geographical position of the mainland, Eurasia, the action of ocean flows is strongly displayed. So, the water of the Atlantic is very softening the conditions in the European part, making the winter softer, and the summer is cooler. In the depths of the mainland, where sea winds do not reach, the climate is dry continental. In the East (especially on the coast), the climate is replaced twice a year, falling, then under the action of wet monsoons, then under the influence of dry winds from the continent.

Nature of continent

The geographical position of Eurasia is similar to the situation of North America. Both continents are located between the Arctic and equatorial climatic belts. But thanks to the extensive area of \u200b\u200bEurasia, some natural zones are expressed much brighter on it, and the latitudinal zonality can be more distinct.

The mainland shows a large number of natural complexes and all existing natural zones. In the north there are plots of permafrost, permanent ice and snow. White bears, polar hares, owls and polar foxes live here. Just below stretch the tundra areas with swampy empty, lichens and mkhami, and even lower the taiga begins with thick coniferous and mixed forests.