Highlights April 18th. Church holiday according to the national calendar

In 1242 (April 5, old style), the famous Battle of the Ice took place - a battle in which Alexander Nevsky defeated the knights of the Livonian Order on the ice of Lake Peipsi. Here is how the chronicler told about it: “... And there was an evil and great slaughter for the Germans and Chudi, and there was a crackle of breaking spears and the sound of blows from swords, so that the ice on the frozen lake broke, and there was no ice, because it covered in blood ... "

Historians agree that the military art of the 22-year-old prince Nevsky was the decisive factor in the victory of Russian weapons. The "Battle on the Ice" was the first time that heavy knightly cavalry was defeated in a field battle by an army that consisted mostly of infantry. The new battle order of the Russian troops invented by Alexander Nevsky turned out to be flexible, as a result of which it was possible to encircle the enemy, the battle formation of which was a sedentary mass. At the same time, the infantry successfully interacted with the cavalry.

In 1796, the Austrian engineer and entrepreneur Franz Anton Gerstner was born.

“There is no country in the world where railways would be more profitable and even necessary than in Russia,” he wrote in his travel notes. In 1834, at the invitation of the Mining Department, Gerstner arrived in Russia to build the country's first railway - a cast iron, as it was then called. And three years later, the first train passed the route "Petersburg - Tsarskoe Selo". “St. Petersburg Vedomosti” wrote: “Sixty versts per hour; it's scary to think ... Meanwhile, you sit quietly and do not notice this speed, terrifying imagination ... "

In 1882, the famous American conductor and audience favorite Leopold Stokowski was born.

He shocked the audience with the latest complex compositions, regrouped the orchestra musicians on the stage, and even applied lighting effects. He was also a major associate of Walt Disney in developing the Fantasound panoramic recording technology, first used in the 1940 film Fantasia.

The entire flight consisted of two stations. The first bus did not have its own number or a specific schedule. A regular bus service in Moscow opened only two years later - in August 1924. 8 buses of the Leyland company purchased in England went along the route: Kalanchevskaya square - Belorussky railway station. But travel by bus was more expensive than a tram, so Muscovites still preferred the tram.

As soon as they called jazz in Soviet Russia, what unflattering epithets they did not honor. At one time, uncompromising slogans such as: "Today you play jazz, and tomorrow you will sell your homeland!" Compared to such statements, the contemptuous definition of jazz as "the music of the fat", given by Maxim Gorky on the pages of the newspaper Pravda on April 18, 1928, looks like a fatherly affectionate one.

At the end of the reading, I recommend listening to an instrumental composition performed by the famous jazzman - saxophonist Grover Washington, whose music for many years now has been liked not only by well-to-do fat men.

On April 18, 1930, the writer Mikhail Bulgakov was in the most nasty frame of mind. And it was from what! He was excommunicated from the theater, all plays were banned ... And what, one wonders, to live on?

And suddenly a bell rang in the writer's apartment. Comrade Stalin himself called. The leader asked if Bulgakov really wanted to go abroad. The writer replied that he would not want to leave his homeland. “This is good,” Stalin said. - And where do you want to work? At the Art Theater? Submit your application. I think they will agree. " And already in May Bulgakov became the director of the Moscow Art Theater. Joseph Vissarionovich liked to call someone from time to time famous person knowing that the whole country will know about it in an hour. In addition, the name of Bulgakov was well known to Stalin: they say that he watched his play "Days of the Turbines" at the Moscow Art Theater almost 30 times.

In 1937, People's Artist of Russia Svetlana Nemolyaeva was born.

She considers Blanche Dubois the main role of her life in the play "A Streetcar Named Desire", but many remembered her roles in films, for example, in Eldar Ryazanov's film "Office Romance."

In 1955, Albert Einstein passed away.

The brilliant physicist, the author of the theory of relativity did not want a grave, a monument, or a public funeral procession ... His ashes were scattered in the wind. Leaves of an unfinished article remained on the bedside table in the hospital. The last phrase he wrote in his hand: "The ubiquitous political passions demand their sacrifices." The great scientist foresaw everything. He also stated melancholy that "it is much more difficult to split a prejudice than an atom."

In 1964, American guitarist, composer and arranger Vinnie Moore was born.

He became interested in the guitar at an early age and by the age of 16 he managed to play in several dozen hard rock bands. However, the star of the talented musician rose only after he was noticed by the famous Mike Warney, the founder of the recording company Shrapnel Records (Shrapnel Records).

It's not for nothing that Mike Warney is called "the director of the factory for the manufacture of guitar virtuosos." Among his wards were Yngwie Malmsteen, Tony McAlpin, Marty Friedman and many other masters, whose work is now admired by the whole world. Decent place Winnie Moore, whose debut album was released in 1987, also took over in this row. Since then, he has worked with equal success both solo and in alliance with other musicians and bands. For example, in 1991, his collaboration with Alice Cooper resulted in the excellent disc Hey Steupid.

In 1980 Southern Rhodesia acquired a new name - Zimbabwe. What is famous for this African power with a pretentious colorful flag? Very, very many. Suffice it to say that she is the owner of the famous Victoria Falls, the mistress of the Kariba lake surfaces, where black rhinos live, and finally, the keeper of the stormy waters of the Zambezi River and Limpopo, familiar from childhood, where it is better not to walk.

Moscow in those days of 1980 was preoccupied with preparations for the Olympics, but did not forget to issue a stamp in honor of the independence of the Republic of Zimbabwe.

1521 - The case of Martin Luther at the Worms Congress begins.
1669 - The Indian ruler Aurangzeb of the Mughal dynasty ordered to raze all Hindu temples.
1718 - By the Decree of Peter I, the Chapter of Orders was created Russian Empire who developed the statute of the orders and other state awards and kept track of the awardees.
1763 - Under pressure from the Russian Empress Catherine II, the Holy Synod stripped Metropolitan Arseny of his rank and sent him to a monastery.
1775 - Leap of Revere, legendary event that marked the beginning of the American Revolution.
1789 - The printing house of Vasily Yakovlevich Korniliev was solemnly opened in Tobolsk, who, as follows from the decree of the ruler of the Tobolsk governorship, A.V. ... This was the first printing house in Siberia.
1791 - The English Parliament refuses to ban slavery in the African colonies.
1793 - Publication of the first newspaper in Upper Canada begins.
1846 - American R. House (Royal E. House) patented the telegraph apparatus.
1847 - The Battle of Cerro Gordo is the decisive battle in the Mexican-American War.
1853 - The first in Asia was put into operation Railway(Bombay-Tanna, 36 km).
1870 - The I Vatican Council adopted the dogma of the Pope's infallibility.
1881 - The Natural History Museum opens in South Kensington, London, UK.
1902 - The first application (in Denmark) of fingerprinting to identify a criminal.
1906 - The San Francisco earthquake, one of the largest in US history.
1909 - Pope Pius X proclaimed Joan of Arc blessed.
1914 - The Mexican port of Veracruz is occupied by American warships in the Tampico incident.
1922 - The first bus began to operate in Moscow.
- The ISS football team was founded in Moscow, which subsequently underwent several renames and is now known as Spartak.
1923 - On the initiative of F.E.Dzerzhinsky, the Dynamo Sports Society was created.
- A constitution has been proclaimed in Egypt.
1925 - The International Amateur Radio Union is formed.
1927 - The Leningrad Committee for Inventions patented an artificial respiration device.
- The IV Congress of Soviets of the USSR was opened.
- Chiang Kai-shek forms the "National Government" in Nanjing.
1928 - In Pravda, Maxim Gorky called jazz "the music of the fat".
1930 - The first firing tests of the experimental jet engine F. A. Tsander ("experimental jet first" - OR-1), working on an air-gasoline mixture.
1930 - Order of the People's Commissariat for Education No. 234 of April 18, 1930: reorganization (disbandment) of the 2nd Moscow State University.
1934 - American Kentrell opens the first automatic laundromat in Fort Worth, Texas.
1936 - The first exhibition of the architecture of Soviet Ukraine was opened.
1941 - The first flight of the German aircraft Messerschmitt Me.262 took place, which later became the world's first serial jet aircraft and the world's first jet aircraft that participated in hostilities. Due to delays in the development of jet engines, a piston engine was installed in this flight.
1942 - First American air raid on Tokyo led by James "Jimmy" H. Doolittle.
1945 - End of the Ruhr operation during World War II.
1946 - In connection with the formation of the UN in Geneva, the dissolution of the League of Nations is announced.
1949 - Withdrawal of Ireland from the British Commonwealth and the proclamation of it as a republic.
1951 - Signing of an international agreement establishing the European Coal and Steel Community.
1953 - The world's first turboprop aircraft makes its first commercial flight in England.
1954 - Colonel Nasser becomes Prime Minister and Military Governor of Egypt.
1955 - Opening of the Bandung Conference of the Heads of Government of 29 states and territories of Asia and Africa (until April 24).
1961 - A demonstration of believers against the closure of St. Andrew's Church took place in Kiev.
- The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations was signed.
1967 - The construction of the artificial Krasnoyarsk Sea was completed.
- Non-stop flight Moscow-Tokyo. The beginning of regular air traffic between the capitals of the USSR and Japan.
1968 - Old London Bridge is sold to an American company who ferried it from Britain to Arizona, where it was rebuilt.
1970 - The Ukraine Palace was opened in Kiev. It was timed to coincide with the 100th anniversary of the birth of V.I. Lenin.
1982 - On the second anniversary of the independence of Zimbabwe (formerly Southern Rhodesia), its capital, Salisbury, is renamed Harare.
1988 - The US Navy carries out a military operation against Iran ("Praying Mantis").

International Day of Monuments and Historic Sites

The holiday Day of Monuments and Historical Sites traditionally declares itself annually on 18 April. It was established by the initiative of UNESCO in 1983, and a year later the society celebrated it for the first time. Every year more and more more people learn about important event, necessary for humanity to pay attention to the problems of preserving our cultural and historical heritage. On this day, various events are organized related to the protection of cultural property from acts of vandalism, as well as excursions and educational lectures for schoolchildren and youth.

In the context of this discussion, one can note the great Carl Rossi, whose compositions are the true heritage of Russia. Is it possible to imagine St. Petersburg without the Mikhailovsky Palace, the Senate House, the House of Arts, the Synod (St. Isaac's Square), the Alexandrian Theater, or the General Staff building on Palace Square that he created? This is not a complete list of Carl Rossi's works. After all, the great architect worked not only in St. Petersburg, but also in other Russian cities.

Today, unfortunately, in Russian Federation the situation for the preservation and restoration of historical monuments is not the best way... The result is deplorable - protected and other interesting areas are destroyed, monuments are crumbling. The Russian authorities do not devote enough time to this aspect, and in this regard, they should learn from Europe, where it is customary to handle memorable places much more carefully.

Day of Military Glory of the Russian Federation

The event is timed to the day of the victory in 1242 of the troops of Alexander Nevsky over the Livonian knights in the vicinity of Lake Peipsi (this battle went down in history as the "Battle on the Ice"). The Day of Military Glory was officially established by the RF law of 1995. So, the Battle on the Ice took place in 1242. Many historians boil down to the fact that the key factor that ensured the victory of the Russian troops was good weapons and excellent training of the Russian militia led by A. Nevsky. The battle plan invented by the prince turned out to be very thoughtful and very flexible, due to which the enemy's heavy cavalry, which is a sedentary clumsy mass, was completely defeated.

April 18 in the folk calendar

Fedul-Vetrenik

On April 18, the people honor the memory of the martyrs Deacon Agathopod, the reader Theodulus and many other brave souls who gave their lives for the faith in 303.

From that day on, warm spring winds began their journey in Russia, but the weather on Fedula was somewhat cloudy. No wonder about this among the people chattered: "Fedul came and pouted his lips." It was believed that from this day, urticaria butterflies, crickets, ladybugs, earwigs and other animal insects began to settle in the gardens. On Fedula, the peasant women threw open all the windows in the house, while pronouncing a spell that drives away evil cold winds, evil spirits and all hardships from the family. And after a long winter, the hut needed major ventilation. The farmers watched the ravines that day: if snow the size of a cow still spreads on their bottom, then it’s time to start plowing.

Historical events April 18

For the first time fingerprinting (identification of a person by a unique pattern-fingerprint) was used in Denmark in 1902 to identify a criminal. Soon, the method of fingerprinting began to be widely practiced as the main indicator of guilt throughout the world (in Russia, the method began to be used in 1906). At first, experts compared fingerprints "by eye"; over time, this principle was automated. Today, each country has its own database of prints, which is divided into two types. The first type belongs to individuals who have ever been detained by law enforcement agencies, and the second - to those who decided to surrender their "fingers" voluntarily, "for every fireman." However, if a volunteer leaves fingerprints at the crime scene, he will be immediately calculated from the general database.

The possibilities of modern fingerprinting are very broad. Its use today helps not only to calculate criminals, but also, using a fingerprint instead of a password, to verify the identity and to ensure the protection of any information from outside interference.

April 18, 1906- As a result powerful earthquake part of the city of San Francisco fell

Since the founding of San Francisco, it has repeatedly experienced earthquakes of varying severity. However, none of the residents expected such large-scale destruction ... until April 18, 1906. Nothing foreshadowed trouble in the morning that day. The weather was extremely beautiful. She encouraged thousands of residents to visit parks, restaurants, theaters, attractions, and just to have a good time on the street. Soon the first shock swept through, and a moment later a terrible wave rolled - the most powerful and destructive. Then several more aftershocks followed, but less intense. Many buildings were completely destroyed, whole side streets were "reared". Experts considered that the strength of this disaster was 8.3 points on the Richter scale. The city was plunged into darkness due to the giant dust cloud generated by the earthquake, which blocked all light. In a matter of seconds, much of San Francisco was reduced to ash and rubble. It took a long time to clear the city from the effects of the earthquake and rebuild it.

The predecessors of buses were multi-seat horse-drawn carriages with a minimum of amenities. Moscow residents complained to the authorities and repeatedly proposed to introduce automobile omnibuses, which were used by all of Europe at that time. So in 1898, the first cars began to run on the streets of Moscow, and at the beginning of the 20th century, the design and construction of the first buses began at the Moscow Automobile Plant. In 1922, forty of these machines were manufactured. On April 18, the first open-type bus was launched in Moscow. His route connected Komsomolskaya Square and Belorussky Railway Station. In the same year, several more buses began to be routed. Two years later, bus traffic in Russia became regular.

Born on April 18

— Leopold Stokowski(1882-1977) - famous American conductor. Spattered the audience with the most complicated compositions. In addition, Stokowski, together with Walt Disney, participated in the development of panoramic recording technologies, which were successfully applied in the early 1940s in the animated film Fantasy.

— Svetlana Nemolyaeva(born 1937) - Soviet film actress, People's Artist of Russia. Nemolyaeva considers her most striking work to be her role in the play "A Streetcar Named Desire", but many of us remember her from E. Ryazanov's film "Office Romance", where she perfectly conveyed all the emotions and sufferings of her character, Olya Ryzhova. The whole country empathized with her.

— Joseph Goldstein(born 1940) is an American geneticist, honored Nobel Prize in medicine and physiology for constructive studies of the cardiovascular system. He managed to reveal the "secret" of cholesterol metabolism in the human body, as well as to develop a method for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.

Name days April 18

Plato, Natalia, Mark, Semyon, Fedor, Samson, Stepan, Rudolph, Alexey, Nikolay, Fedul, Feona, Victoria, Victor.

Attack in a Bashkir school, controversy in the OPCW over Novichok, and mandatory work for launching paper airplanes

In Bashkiria, a 17-year-old student of the correctional class of school No. 1 in the city of Sterlitamak, during a computer science lesson for a classmate and a teacher, wounded himself, then spilled gasoline and. As a result, four people were injured, including the attacker himself, the teacher and the girl, who, frightened, jumped out of the window. The teenager is now in the hospital, a decision has been made. The young man will have to undergo a psychiatric examination.

The Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation reported about the long-term shopping center "Winter Vishnya" from the prosecutor's office. The prosecutor of the city of Kemerovo and his assistant have already been questioned about this. According to them, in their actions they were guided by the explanations of the higher management.

Lawyers will ask the Prosecutor General's Office and the ECHR for the actions of Roskomnadzor, due to whose attempts to block Telegram other companies have suffered. As of Wednesday evening, the agency failed to block the messenger itself.

The Russian Embassy in Washington has received a letter from the administration of US President Donald Trump that Washington will impose new sanctions on Moscow.

Russia's Permanent Representative to the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), Alexander Shulgin, called Yulia Skripal a hostage of the British authorities and about US patents for Novichok-type substances. In turn, the head of the OPCW, Ahmet Uzumcu, said that in the samples taken by the experts of the organization in Salisbury, chemical BZ, which Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov spoke about last week.

The British regulator in the field of television and radio broadcasting (Ofcom) reported on the Russia Today TV channel. The claims relate to programs that were released after the poisoning of Sergei Skripal and his daughter in Salisbury.

Maria Alekhina, member of the Pussy Riot group compulsory works for organizing a rally against the blocking of Telegram near the FSB building in Moscow, during which protesters launched paper airplanes.

In the United States, a Southwest Airlines plane is in the air. Boeing managed to land at Florida airport. As a result of the emergency, one person died, seven more were injured. This is the first death on board a U.S. airline passenger plane since 2009.

Olympic champion, hockey player Vyacheslav Voinov - the same one who was convicted a few years ago in the United States for beating his wife - decided to try

On April 18, we will celebrate the Day of Monuments and Historical Sites, radio amateurs from all over the world can celebrate their holiday - the Day of the radio amateur, and in Russia today is the Day of Military Glory.

Holidays April 18, 2019

Day of Monuments and Historic Sites

— international holiday
What a holiday today is known to everyone who is trying to preserve our history.
Every year since April 18, 1984, the world celebrates the International Day of Monuments and Historic Sites. The motto of this holiday was the words: "Let's preserve our historical homeland." The initiator of this holiday in 1982 was the Assembly of the International Council for the Protection of Monuments and Sites, which was created under UNESCO.
The purpose of the holiday is to draw public attention to the protection and preservation of the world cultural heritage, urge the responsible organizations to ensure that “fortified settlements, mounds, burial grounds and other places of historical value are not plowed up, not excavated for any economic purposes, and a protective strip from one fathom or more would remain inviolable around the monuments, depending on the size and significance of the monument. "

World radio amateur day

Every year on April 18, amateur radio amateurs all over the world celebrate their "professional" holiday - the Day of the radio amateur. The reason for annually celebrating this holiday with their successes and achievements for radio amateurs appeared on April 18, 1925, on the day of foundation The International Union radio amateurs in Paris.
Today, radio and television receivers and transmitters are our trusted companions. In activities World day radio amateur Active participation host sections and circles of radio amateurs in Russia.

Day of Military Glory in Russia

In Russia, everyone knows what holiday is today. April 18 is the Victory Day in 1242 on Lake Peipsi over the German knights of the Russian army of Prince Alexander Nevsky. This battle was called the Battle of the Ice. The holiday was established by federal law in 1995 on March 13.

Unusual funny and cool holidays

Let's celebrate today, April 18, an interesting holiday - Tourist Day. But the funny and even cool holiday Day of the dance in the awakened forest should be celebrated, of course, in the forest.

We will celebrate the day of the tourist

Tourist's day is essentially a day for you " open doors»Anywhere in the world. Do you want to wander around the world and be the discoverer of new unexplored corners of the earth? Try to feel like a tourist on this holiday, because traveling is so wonderful!
Today, April 18, you can congratulate everyone who is associated with tourism: tour guides, tour operators, hotel workers and staff who ensure the safety of your vacation. Being a tourist means being healthy and active. And what to give on this day? Well, of course, a ticket to some special corner of the Earth!

A day of dancing in the awakened forest

Today you can dance in the forest with birches and pines from morning to the very end!
Dance. And give your love while dancing to nature! Awaken mother nature on this cool holiday with your unusual dance !!!

Church holiday according to the national calendar

Fedul the Vetrenik

This national holiday is named in honor of the memory of the martyrs - the reader Theodula, Deacon Agathopod, and others like them, who in 303 gave their lives for the faith.
On April 18, warm spring winds are already blowing. Our ancestors used to say about the spring weather among the people: "Fedul came and pouted his lips." Sometimes they used the following variant in sayings: “Fedul, why did he pout his lips? - The caftan burned through. - Is the hole big? "One gate remained."
The peasants believed that on this day, with the first spring wind, crickets arrive and settle in all vegetable gardens. Ladybugs and urticaria butterflies appear on April 18.
On Fedula (sometimes they said Theodula), in order to protect their hut from the rotten winds, the peasants tried to open all the windows and speak to them from commotion and from evil spirits with special words. But the real reason for such a ceremony was this: the hut needed mandatory ventilation after a long winter, the warm spring wind could no longer cool the room. There were such sayings among the people: "I opened the window on Fedul - I heated the hut without firewood", "Whoever opened the window before Fedul - he was pleased with the bad weather."
The farmers had such signs: if there is a lot of snow the size of a cow at the bottom of the ravine, therefore it is time to start plowing.
Name days April 18 from Alexei, George, Mark, Nicholas, Plato, Semyon, Feodulus
They also celebrate April 18: World Circus Day, International Jugglers Day, Independence Day - Zimbabwe

April 18th in history

1940 - The British occupied the Faroe Islands.
1941 - The first flight of the German Messerschmitt aircraft took place, which became the world's first serial jet aircraft and the first jet aircraft to take part in hostilities.
1945 - End of the Ruhr operation during World War II.
1947 - A-4 (FAU-2) ballistic missile was launched in the USSR.
1949 - Withdrawal of Ireland from the British Commonwealth and its proclamation as a republic.
1955 - Albert Einstein, German theoretical physicist, author of the theory of relativity, 1921 Nobel Prize winner in physics, died.
1961 - A demonstration of believers against the closure of St. Andrew's Church was held in Kiev.
1988 - Military operation US Navy against Iran ("Praying Mantis")
2001 - M. Gorbachev receives another prize from the USA "For global understanding" in the amount of $ 10 thousand in gratitude for the collapse of the USSR.
2002 - Thor Heyerdahl (b. 1914), the famous Norwegian traveler, died.