The most interesting railway lines in the world. The most unusual trains in the history of railways in the world
This collection is entirely dedicated to the 10 most beautiful railways in the world. But these are not only the most exciting train routes in the world, but also some of the most dangerous destinations for adrenaline lovers. Millions of rail routes run along different countries the world. Some of them are distinguished by their super modernity, where trains accelerate to tremendous speeds, while others can be extremely interesting due to their location in the remote picturesque corners of the world. The deep mountain gorges, steep passages and river canyons along these roads are fraught with dangers and are definitely not suitable for the faint of heart. However, beautiful panoramic views of the untouched natural landscape await you here. This is a great opportunity for adventure lovers to diversify their lives. So, I present to your attention the 10 most beautiful railways in the world.
Argo Gede, Indonesia
The Argo-Gede Railway runs from Jakarta to Bandung in Indonesia. This is an extremely high route, passing over a deep gorge over the Chikurutug flyover bridge. While driving over the subtropical valley, you will definitely get goosebumps. Tourists will be rewarded with breathtaking views if they venture to cross an unenclosed bridge with a not-so-good reputation. Although the developers claim that the structure is safe, accidents have occurred here on several occasions, the most recent of which was a train derailed in 2002. By a happy coincidence, everything went without casualties.
Ibrasheva Diana
The work presents material and a slide presentation about the most unusual railways in the world and the most interesting railway stations
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The most unusual railways in the world
There are several examples in the world outstanding achievements in the field of engineering thought, invested labor and human audacity in the development of nature ...
Baikal - Amur Mainline. Russia. North-Muisky bypass.
Bypassing the Severomuisky tunnel is considered the most beautiful section of the entire BAM. In order not to exceed the maximum permissible slope when climbing the Angarakan pass, the railway line winds in knots along the slopes of the mountains, rising up in a serpentine road. Where the surface of the day is only 22 km, the train overcomes almost 57, going up and down almost half a kilometer. On the walk, you can see several unique engineering objects. The most famous "Devil's Bridge" is a high overpass on two-tier supports, curved and located in the rise. This bridge even swayed a little during the passage of heavy trains.
Beijing - Lhasa. China
The world's highest alpine steel highway is a new Railway, laid through the most picturesque provinces of China. An engineering structure that is on a par with the Great Wall of China. Undoubtedly, the most interesting part of the journey begins already in the Tibetan Highlands, where the train overcomes the pass at an altitude of 5072 (!) Meters. Before that, the railways had not yet climbed so high. Oxygen is supplied to the carriages while driving through the highlands.
Lima - Huancayo. Peru
The most extraordinary steel lines are concentrated in South America... So, here is an amazing road with serpentines and return dead ends, zigzags in the shape of the letter Z, when the train runs into a dead end, it goes backwards down the slope until the next such dead end, and then forward again. It was such clever engineering tricks that the builders distinguished themselves when the steep slopes of the magnificent mountain peaks of the Andes stood in their way.
Llantas Porterillos, Chile.
One of the most "special" cases of railway construction. The mined iron ore is sent along a freight line high up into the mountains to a processing plant at an altitude of 3,300 meters. The road passes through absolutely dry highlands, where precipitation almost never falls. An ordinary rainstorm, if it happened here, would wash away the area located right on the steep side of the mountain.
Japan
The Japanese railway system is considered to be the safest and most punctual in the world. Trains run strictly on schedule.
Arriving at your destination with a deviation of less than a minute in Japan is considered to be on schedule, more than one minute is considered late.
Vehicles, in terms of complexity, are close to those of the aerospace industry.
Outwardly, their elongated shapes resemble more supersonic aircraft than trains.
In Japan, the professionalism of the staff is in any situation, externally and internally, to keep oneself below the client and not to rise to him under any circumstances. Japanese Railways even take a smile test .
Usually the conductor walks along the entire train, entering the carriage, closes the door behind him and stops. Then he takes off his uniform cap, bows his head and addresses the passengers: 'I beg your pardon for disturbing me.' Then he puts on his cap, goes through the car and stops at the opposite door. He turns back to the passengers, bows slightly, repeats the words ‘Excuse me for bothering you’ and moves to the next carriage.
This is the transport etiquette in Japan: Basic rule: respect others if you want them to respect you.
Monorail - a kind of rail transport, a feature of which is the movement of a train on a single rail, in contrast to traditional transport, where movement is carried out on a pair of rails. Highways for the monorail are being built above highways at a height of five to seven meters.
The carriages move along the monorail using the air or magnetic cushion of the carriages. Traditional monorails, moreover, are not only hinged, with wagons moving on top of the monorail, but also suspended, where the wagons are suspended under a monorail beam.
The main advantage of the monorail is that it does not take up space on the congested highways of the city, and is much cheaper to build. A monorail train can handle steeper vertical inclines than any dual-rail vehicle. The speed developed by the monorail, in theory, can significantly exceed the speed of traditional rail trains, since there is no danger of the train derailing. In addition, the likelihood of collision with other objects road traffic negligible.
The largest monorail system is in Osaka, with a length of 23.8 km. The total length of the Japanese monorail is 102 km.
Monorail transport, according to many experts, is the transport of the future.
"The most unusual train stations in the world"
Railway station - this is the gateway to the city, the place where visitors form their first impression of locality where they arrived. Therefore, many modern train stations are beautiful, chic and functional. In our review, we will see the most unusual train stations in the world.
Hong Kong ground gate
Soon it will be possible to get to Hong Kong via the new bridge, which will be both an airport and Train Station, and a bus station operating both in Hong Kong and Shenzhen (a Chinese city adjacent to Hong Kong.
Outside - park, inside - station
The San Francisco train station is right in the city center. It is very convenient with transport point in terms of, but not entirely rational in terms of the use of urban space. But in 2014, everything will change. No, this station will remain in the same place, but it will turn into a multifunctional complex, which will be decorated with a park located on the roof of the building.
Train station in Lyon
The last thing a Lyon train station looks like is a train station. Rather, it is a huge bird that spread its wings to take off.
Green Platform in Auckland
Auckland's Britomart Station decided they didn't need any rooftop park. They set up a green meadow right inside the station, on the platform. To do this, they had to deploy there 1250 square meters artificial turf.
Spanish railroad jungle
But in Madrid's Atocha Station, they probably think that artificial turf is for weaklings. After all, right on the platform there was a real jungle with palm trees and other tropical plants growing there.
Cool station in Spain
The Spanish seaside town of Huelva is one of the most popular seaside resorts in the country. For this reason, it will soon be connected to Madrid by a high-speed rail line. And for its opening in Huelva there will be a new railway station - a very simple outward appearance but not in the sense. After all special form The station building was created specifically to catch the sea breeze and, thereby, create natural air conditioning inside the station with fresh air full of salt and iodine.
Bridge Station in Wales
The railroad divides the Welsh city of Newport into two roughly equal parts. And there are not so many bridges for their communication in the city. It was especially difficult for those who came to this settlement by rail. You could get out only to one side of the city. But a new train station in Newport solved this problem. It serves as both a railway station and pedestrian bridge connecting the two parts of the city.
Denmark: Copenhagen Central Station
Located in the heart of the Danish capital, the station was rebuilt three times and inaugurated in 1911. King Christian X invited about 800 distinguished guests from all over Europe to the opening, and thousands of locals flooded the streets to see the grand spectacle. The station building was designed by the architect Henrich Wenck in the style of traditional romanticism. Indeed, romantic moods have reigned here for many years - the huge clock in front of the main entrance has become a favorite place for first dates.
Belgium: Antwerp Central Station
The American magazine Newsweek awarded this station the 4th place in the ranking of the best railway stations in the world. The construction of the station, with its huge iron and glass canopies, was completed in 1905, and in 2007 came to an end a 10-year reconstruction of a conventional station into a high-speed transit station. The building gained worldwide fame in 2009 when it became the venue for a grand flash mob: 200 dancers presented a new TV talent show there. The video instantly spread around the world, demonstrating, along with the country's talents, the remarkable architecture of the station.
Belgium: Station in Liege
It took 13 years to overhaul a train station in the country's third-largest city, but the skill and talent of Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava made it extremely stylish. In addition, he was able to rebuild the station without delaying the 36,000 passengers who passed through the station daily. Since 2009, the structure of steel, glass and white concrete has 9 tracks, 5 platforms with an exhibition area and a curved arch that is 160 m long and 32 m high.Total construction costs reached 312 million euros, but this gleaming futuristic station remains in the memory of passengers forever.
Spain: Atocha train station in Madrid
Labyrinths of palm leaves, exotic plants, and even a seashell pond are definitely not what you expect to see when you get off the train. But this was exactly the vision of the architect Rafael Moneo, who reconstructed this station in the 80s from its original appearance 1889 The largest transport hub in Spain is covered with a glass and metal hood, under which there are shops, cafes, a nightclub and an unusual tropical garden with an area of more than 4,000 square meters. An 11-meter memorial was erected on the territory of the station to honor the memory of the 191 victims who died in 2004 from the train explosions.
France: train station in Paris
The busiest station in Europe is located in the 10th arrondissement of the French capital and receives 190 million passengers annually. The station complex was designed and built during 1861-1864 by the French architect Jacques Hittorff. The station is also mentioned in art: from French books and The Da Vinci Code to Hollywood films such as The Bourne Identity, Ocean's Twelve and the less intelligent Mr. Bean Vacation.
Portugal: Rossio Train Station, Lisbon
Situated on Rossio Square, which is always packed with noisy tourists and locals, this train station can easily be confused with a palace or an opera. The station was designed by the architect José Luís Monteiro, who completed it in 1887. Traditionally, the romantic facade of the building is decorated with two massive sculptures - horseshoes, which serve as entrance doors. Trains arrive at the station through a 2,600-meter underground tunnel, which is recognized as one of the main engineering solutions of the nineteenth century.
Railways were and are being built everywhere, regardless of the terrain. It is known about the highest and most dangerous highway, the longest and shortest road.
The most dangerous railway
Many railways can be called dangerous, but the most dangerous is the road in Argentina. Its name is Tren a las Nubes, which translates as "Train to the clouds." During the journey, the road passes through tunnels, bridges, zigzags, descents and ascents. Tourists on the fifteen-hour route are intimidated as the carriages literally make their way through the clouds. The train often slows down and slips, which is an additional reason for the excitement of passengers.Moving along the banks of the canyons, the train crosses them along steel, seemingly weightless bridges. He ends his journey at an altitude of four thousand meters. The most famous place on the route is the old viaduct, built in 1930. During the trip, the train goes through two zigzag ascents, overcomes twenty-nine bridges, twenty-one tunnels and twelve viaducts, several times it makes a turn of three hundred and sixty degrees.
Train passengers are on the verge of hysteria during a trip over one of the deepest canyons in Argentina, whose depth is seventy meters. The train travels across a wobbly bridge for an endless five minutes.
The shortest railway
This year, the Pope allowed everyone to use their own railway. It is about the road that connects the station in Rome with the station in the Vatican. This railway was built back in 1934 in order to bring the pontiff from the Vatican to Rome. All these years, it was available for use only by the current dad. Now everyone can use it for forty euros. 
The length of the railway line between the stations is only one kilometer two hundred seventy meters. It starts behind St. Peter's Basilica and passes several landmarks of the city-state - this is the Second Vatican Cathedral, and the Vatican Gardens, and the Sextine Chapel, and numerous museums.
The highest mountain railway
Railroad tracks do not always run along plains. Often, their construction is carried out in mountainous areas, over canyons or over the water expanses of the seas. The most mountainous is the railway, which runs from the Chinese province of Qinghai to the autonomous region of Tibet. Its length is almost two kilometers. 
The highest point of this road is at an altitude of five thousand seventy-two meters. Since at such a height Atmosphere pressure is up to forty percent of the usual, trains on this route are equipped with oxygen masks.
Construction was carried out for several decades due to many obstacles - high mountain ranges, thin air, permafrost. Thanks to the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet road, remote provinces have received a powerful boost for economic development.
The longest railway in the world
The title of the longest railway in the world was awarded to the Trans-Siberian Railway or Transsib. For many years this road has remained the first in terms of length. Its length is nine thousand two hundred and eighty-eight kilometers. 
A giant highway, passing through the territory of Russia, connects the European part of the continent with The Far East, Urals, Siberia, connects ports in the south and west. The construction of the Transsib was due to the need for an even socio-economic development of a huge country.
Construction began in 1891, when the first stone was laid. The end of construction can be considered the year 1904, when a railway connection appeared between Vladivostok and St. Petersburg. Despite the opening of the Transsib, construction work continued for many more years, until 1938, when the second track was laid. It is not only the railways that are amazing, but also the trains that go along them. There is a site on the site, which mentions underwater, the oldest, longest and other interesting trains.
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Railroad through Maeklong Market
Maeklong Market is located in the Thai city of Samut Songkhram, 37 km from Bangkok. Several times a day, shopkeepers quickly pack their grocery stalls and lower the sheds for the train to pass. After the train passes through the market, the boxes of vegetables, fish and eggs are placed in their original position and the buyers return to their sellers.
Napier-Gisborne Railroad (New Zealand)
Tren de las Nubes - Train to the clouds (Argentina)
It is the third highest railway in the world. Originally built to address economic and social problems, now it primarily serves to attract tourists. The railway line has 29 bridges, 21 tunnels, 13 viaducts, 2 spiral sections and 2 zigzag sections.
Since the movement takes place at a considerable height under certain conditions, you can see clouds located in the gorges below the train itself.
Tunnel of love (Ukraine)
Trans-Siberian Railway - the longest railway in the world (Russia)
The Trans-Siberian Railway is a network of railways connecting Moscow with the Russian Far East and ports in the Sea of Japan. It is the longest railway in the world. Branches branch off from it to Mongolia, China and North Korea. The railway was built with the ability to run trains along the entire line by 1916 and is still being renovated. Construction Trans-Siberian Railway began in 1891 and took place under the control of Sergei Witte, who was then Minister of Finance. Russian engineers began construction at both ends and laid a highway to each other.
Landwasser Viaduct (Switzerland)
Switzerland has significant areas that are located in mountainous areas. Until the 19th century, there was practically no connection with the hinterland; it was possible to get there only on horseback.
In the 19th and 20th centuries, Swiss railway engineers worked hard to design and build railways in the highlands, which were supposed to provide transport links to all parts of the country.
The difficulty was that it was necessary to build a significant number of bridges and tunnels.
The Swiss still invest heavily in their rail network, making it one of the most efficient and advanced in the world. One of the most impressive engineering achievements was the construction of the Landwasser Viaduct, built in 1902. Now the viaduct is a tourist attraction.
Georgetown Loop (USA)
The Georgetown Loop Railroad was one of the first tourist attractions in Colorado. Its construction was completed in 1884, this spectacular section of the narrow-gauge railway was considered engineering miracle of its time. The road is built to connect the thriving mining towns of Georgetown and Silver Plum two miles apart. They were separated by a narrow, but deep enough canyon.
To connect them, the builders of the railway developed a "serpentine" route, the train gradually rose to a height of 182 meters. It included horseshoe curves, slopes up to 4%, four bridges over Clear Creek, including the High Bridge over the so-called. Devil's Gate. The railway was in operation from 1899 to 1938, after which it was abandoned. In 1973, the Historical Society of Colorado began rebuilding the railroad. A copy of the High Bridge was restored in 1984 on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the opening of the road. At the moment, it is an attraction that attracts tourists.
Death Railroad (Thailand)
Nowadays, the popular section of the route to Kanchanaburi, northwest of the capital of Thailand, is popular with tourists. Trains pass over sheer cliffs and over several fragile wooden bridges.
Gyeonghwa Station ( South Korea)
340,000 cherry trees grow near Jinhae City, South Korea. When they bloom in spring, they create an amazing sight, and the falling petals cover the ground in a continuous layer, painting it in White color... Gyeonghwa Station, where this photo was taken, is a popular tourist attraction.
The railway that passes through the Maeklong Market Railway (Thailand)
Food market in Maeklong (Thailand), located on railway tracks... Several times a day, merchants quickly pack their grocery stalls and lower their sheds to allow trains to pass. After the trains zip through the market, crates of vegetables, fish and eggs are placed back in their original position and shoppers are returned to the tracks that serve as a gateway through the market. 
Napier-Gisborne Railway (New Zealand)
The Napier-Gisborne railroad is unique in that it crosses the main runway at Gisborne Airport. Trains are forced to stop and ask the air traffic control unit for permission to cross the runway and continue along the line. A 1939 steam locomotive in the middle of the runway is not an ordinary sight! 
Train to the Clouds (Tren a las Nubes) (Argentina)
Train to the Clouds is a tourist railroad in Salta Province, Argentina. The railway runs along the eastern end of the General Manuel Belgrano C-14 railway line, connecting northwest Argentina along the Chilean border at the Andes mountain range. It is located at an altitude of 4220 meters above sea level. It is the third tallest railway in the world. First built for economic and social reasons, this railway is now primarily a tourist attraction as well as a railway heritage. The railway line passes through 29 bridges, 21 tunnels, 13 viaducts, 2 spirals and 2 zigzags. Due to the designers' decision not to use a rack and pinion transmission system for traction, the route must be designed to avoid steep slopes. Zigzags allow trains to ascend by traveling left and right parallel to the mountainside. 
"Tunnel of Love" (Klevan, Ukraine)
Tunnel of Love is a beautiful place near the village of Klevan, Ukraine. A three-kilometer stretch of railroad leads to a fibreboard factory. The train runs three times a day and delivers timber to the plant. This alley is formed by trees. The green corridor attracts many couples in love, as well as photographers who want to preserve this beautiful piece of nature. It is believed that if you and your significant other come to the Tunnel of Love and sincerely make a wish, it will surely come true. 
Trans-Siberian Railway, the longest railway in the world (Russia)
The Trans-Siberian Railway is a network of railways connecting Moscow with the Russian Far East and the Sea of Japan. This is the longest railway line in the world. It has branches connecting it to Mongolia, China and North Korea. It has been connecting Moscow with Vladivostok since 1916 and continues to expand. full force began in 1891, on the orders and under the control of Sergei Witte, who was then Minister of Finance. As in the case of the First Transcontinental Railroad in the USA, Russian engineers began construction from both ends, and led the road inland. 
Landwasser Viaduct (Switzerland)
Switzerland is home to a huge number of mountainous tracts of land. Until the 19th century, the presence of mountainous terrain meant that it was difficult to travel across the country, and hence the connection was relatively poor. The Swiss railway engineers of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries had to be very inventive, creative and daring to build a complex and efficient mountain rail system. This involved not only planning and building difficult mountain routes, but also building many of the bridges needed to cross mountainous regions. The Swiss are still investing heavily in their rail network, making it one of the most efficient and advanced in the world. One of the most impressive feats was the construction of the Landwasser Viaduct, which was completed in 1902. A section of the railway passes through the viaduct. This is possibly one of the most famous railway viaducts / bridges in the world and can be seen in most Swiss travel / holiday brochures. 
Georgetown Loop Railroad (USA)
The Georgetown Ring Railway became Colorado's first landmark. Completed in 1884, this interesting stretch of trail, less than a meter wide, was considered an engineering marvel of its time. The thriving mining towns of Georgetown and Silver Plume lie 3.2 kilometers apart in a steep and narrow mountain canyon. To connect them, the builders of the railway developed a route in the form of a "corkscrew", which was done twice greater distance gradually rising to a height of over 183 meters. It included horseshoe bends up to 4 degrees and four bridges across Clear Creek, including the powerful Devil's Gate High Bridge. Colorado & Southern Railway owned a passenger and cargo line from 1899 to 1938, until it ceased to operate. Historical Society The Colorado Historical Society has begun rebuilding the railroad as part of its 395-hectare park of the Georgetown Loop Historic Mining & Railroad Par. Replica High Bridge was completed in 1984 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the original construction. 
Thai-Burma Railway or Death Railway (Thailand)
The Thai-Burma Railway, also known as the Death Road, is a 415-kilometer railway between Bangkok (Thailand) and Rangoon (Burma). More than 90,000 employees and 16,000 Allied POWs died during the construction of this railway, a horrific event that served as the basis for David Lean's film The Bridge on the River Kwai. By far the most popular pastime for visitors to Kanchanaburi, northwest of the Thai capital, the train curves around sheer cliffs and crosses several fragile wooden bridges. 
Railway station "Gyeonghwa" (South Korea)
In South Korea's Jinhae region, 340,000 cherry trees grow. During their bloom, they create a strikingly beautiful picture of falling petals. For this reason, the Gyeonghwa Railway Station where this photo was taken is a popular tourist attraction. 
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