Presentation on the transformation of municipalities through unification. Unification of all settlements of the Borsky municipal district into a single municipal formation with the status of an urban district

Slide 3

Rural settlements are those that are located in the countryside, that is, in the territory outside the urban settlements. People living in rural settlements form the rural population of the country. Now it is 37 million people (26% of the total population of the country)

Slide 4

The main reason for the decline in the number of rural settlements is the development of urbanization.

Slide 5

In the years between the 1989 and 2002 censuses, for the first time in many decades, the number of rural residents and their share began to increase slightly. This growth was due to two reasons. Due to the difficulties in the development of the country's economy during this period, a certain part of the townspeople moved to the countryside. Life here did not require such large expenses as in the city, and personal subsidiary farming allowed itself to be provided with many food products.

Slide 6

In addition, at this time there was a rapid growth of the rural population in the south of the European part of the country due to the high natural increase in the national republics. At the same time, after the collapse of the USSR, many migrants from the CIS countries came here. Now the influence of these factors in the growth of the rural population in the country has diminished and it has begun to decline again.

Slide 7

Like cities, rural settlements vary in population size. Most of the residents (55%) work in agriculture.

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FUNCTIONS of rural settlements Agricultural: Agricultural and livestock raising Mixed Non-agricultural: Transport, recreational, forestry

Slide 9

Despite the variety of functions performed by rural settlements, the features of their geography primarily depend on natural conditions. Therefore, in the distribution of the rural population, natural zoning is clearly manifested.

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Population migration in RUSSIA

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What is called population migration? Immigration Emigration

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In the XX century. in Russia there were several periods of forced migration of the population, when people changed their place of residence against their will. A significant number of Russians left the country after October revolution 1917 In the 1930-50s, during the period of repression, to the European North, to Siberia, to Far East a huge number of prisoners were expelled. Their labor was used to develop natural resources in remote areas with harsh natural conditions... Whole Whole peoples were expelled from their native places to Siberia and the Far East, to Kazakhstan and Central Asia: Chechens and Ingush, Kalmyks and Karachais, Germans and Greeks.

Slide 14

Migration can change not only the geography and population size of certain parts of the country, but also the national, religious, and age composition of their inhabitants.

Slide 15

There are a lot of types of migration, they are distinguished according to different characteristics.

reasons prompting people to migrate duration of migration direction of migration.

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DURATION OF MIGRATION

TEMPORARY CONSTANTS

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BY DIRECTION OF MIGRATION

external Internal

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External migration

Emigration - leaving the country, moving to another country temporarily or permanently. Immigration - entry into the country, for permanent or temporary residence of residents of other countries.

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Further development With its declining population, Russia makes it vitally important to attract migrants from other countries. The concept of Russia's demographic policy assumes in 2025 to ensure migration growth at the level of more than 300 thousand people per year.

Slide 20

Internal migrations

Seasonal Pendulum - daily commuting to work from one settlement to another Temporary

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Internal migrations

These are migrations within Russia between different districts, regions, settlements. These migrations change the population of certain areas, but not the country as a whole.

Slide 22

home driving force internal migration - the desire of people to improve living conditions. The main reasons hindering internal migration are expensive transport and housing.

Slide 23

Throughout the 20th century, migrants were attracted by the European North and the Asian part of Russia. Here valuable Natural resources... People who worked in these areas were paid high wages, they were provided with housing, and they retired earlier. Now the picture has changed: many enterprises have been closed, the improvement of settlements has worsened. Therefore, a rapid outflow of the population from the north and east to the European part of the country began. At the turn of the XX-XXI centuries, the Far East lost about 900 thousand people, the European North - more than 300 thousand, Eastern Siberia - 200 thousand people

"Pravda.Ru" previously talked about the conflict between the authorities of the Moscow region and the head of the Serpukhov district of the Moscow region, Alexander Shestun. The conflict has become so widespread that it has reached the Kremlin.

Although, according to Shestun, the presidential administration knew about what was happening before. And they even allegedly participated. But the matter is not only and not so much in the quarrels of one individual official with the higher leadership.

Recall that the main reason Shestun's conflict with the authorities of the Moscow region was a municipal reform that is being carried out in the region. We are talking about the so-called consolidation of municipalities, designed to optimize budget expenditures, improve manageability and reduce the number of officials.

Well, since optimization in Russia has been, so to speak, a trend in public administration for several years now, it would not be very fair to get by with a story only about the Moscow region. After all, such events are held on a larger or smaller scale throughout the country.

Just a few days ago, the Legislative Assembly of the Irkutsk region adopted in the first reading the draft law "On the transformation of the Narataysky and Novotelbinsky municipalities of the Kuytunsky region and on amending the Law of the Irkutsk region" On the status and boundaries of the municipalities of the Kuytunsky region of the Irkutsk region ".

Let us go a little deeper into the topic, even despite the rather bureaucratic description of the motives that prompted the Irkutsk deputies to pay attention to this topic.

In general, the initiative in this case belonged to the municipal deputies of the Kuytun district. The enlargement is explained by the concern for the residents of the Naratai municipal formation, of whom there are 185 people. There is no school and Postal office, agricultural, transport, industrial enterprises, the distance from the regional center is 129 kilometers. Due to the lack of prospects for the development of the municipality, it was proposed to merge it with the Novotelbinsky municipal district.

According to the chairman of the committee on legislation on state construction and local self-government, Boris Alekseev, transformation through their unification will increase the efficiency of the functioning of local self-government bodies, combine available resources for their rational use, and will also allow for more efficient development in the future.

As a matter of fact, this is a typical argument that is intended to explain initiatives to enlarge municipalities. There are no regional peculiarities. Is that in terms of the distance between settlements - in the Moscow region, the united municipalities are located much closer to each other.

Although, it should be said that the distance between the united MOs is a serious factor. Moreover, it is often very negative. This, in particular, was discussed in the study of the Institute of Urban Economics "Territorial accessibility of local self-government in the Russian Federation", which was presented at the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation in July last year.

The authors of the study proceeded from the fact that for residents of settlements located 15 km from the center of the municipality, it is difficult to access the decision-making bodies of local self-government (LSG) and public services.

The study took into account the climate in different regions, and the condition of roads, and work. public transport- the situation was analyzed in 18 subjects. For example, in the Krasnodar Territory, settlements with difficult transport accessibility are 18.9%, in Volgograd region- 16.6%, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory - 20.9%.

The enlargement of municipalities worsens the situation: in the Nizhny Novgorod region, for example, transport accessibility is difficult in 18.1% of settlements. If the settlement is 25 km away from the center, then the situation with transport accessibility becomes critical.

According to the study, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory there are 5.2% of such municipalities, the Volgograd Region - 1.5%, the Ulyanovsk Region - 1.9%, and the Nizhny Novgorod Region - 1.8%. Relatively small percentages should not be misleading - we are talking about settlements in which thousands of people live.

The transformation of municipal districts into urban districts, in which the settlement level of LSG is abolished, significantly complicates the access of the population to local authorities and public services. In the Kaliningrad region there are 45% of such settlements, in the Sverdlovsk region - 68.9%, in the Magadan region - 36%, in the Moscow region - 30.3%.

The study noted that the transformation of municipal districts into urban districts "has acquired a large scale, and quite self-sufficient municipalities also fall under the comb of enlargement and liquidation."

Of course, it can hardly be denied that in some cases the enlargement of municipalities really has economic justification... However, this does not remove the question of how much the reform takes into account the specifics of the regions.

Yes, even not only of the regions, but in general of each individual case of enlargement. There are great doubts that attention is being paid to such a problem. Otherwise why the head of the Public Chamber's commission on local self-government, Andrei Maksimov, said during the presentation of the study that the transformations "create problems for residents to receive public services, do not allow them to participate in decision-making at the level of the Ministry of Defense."

At the same time, by the way, it was promised to go "to the power structures and the Federal Assembly in order to give our decisions the force of law or recommendations sanctioned by the state." Judging by the rapid development of the conflict, which was mentioned at the beginning of the article, something went wrong again.
/ The opinion of the author may not coincide with the position of the editorial staff /

"Central region" - KMA iron ore Brown coal near Moscow Phosphorites Soil (in the south) Agro-climatic Forest (in the north-east). Monuments of culture. Emissions in environment: Gross product: We invite you to cooperation! Central Russia. Economy: Industrial structure: Sectoral employment structure:

"Monasteries of Suzdal" - the Nativity Cathedral. Suzdal is the pearl of the Golden Ring. The Intercession Convent is located on the Kamenka River in the northern part of Suzdal. The interior has preserved wall paintings from the 13th, 15th, and 17th centuries. The first mention of Suzdal in the annals dates back to 1024. Monastery of Saint Euthymius. In the XVI-XVII centuries, the monastery was one of the largest in Russia.

"City of Pushchino" - Population - 51403 people. Novomoskovsk (until 1934 - Bobriki; from 1934 to 1961 - Stalinogorsk) is a city in the Tula region of Russia. Received city status in 1770. From the history. The population as of January 1, 2010 is 131,247 people. Since 1962 it has the status - Science Center biological research.

"Nature of Mordovia" - Director of the reserve - doctor biological sciences, associate professor Ruchin Alexander Borisovich. Gray partridge. Flora and fauna. The administration of the reserve is located in the village of Pushta. The nature of the Republic of Mordovia. Formed on January 10, 1930. Mordovia State Reserve named after Smidovich. Chamzinsky district.

"Vladimir's History" - Political. Parks and squares - beauty and attention. My city in time and space. Learn more about goals. Agriculture also flourished in the city. We have identified three main goals for building the city of Vladimir. Questions. The total length of the belt of the fortress ramparts was 2.5 km. Answer to 1 question. For you, Vladimir!

"Lesson Central Russia" - Why the population major cities decreased? (according to table 51, p. 226 of the textbook). Gold Khokhloma. the city of Semenov. Palekh unbroken wings! Ryazan. Palekh. Task 4 and 5. Urban. Task 2. Kursk. Central Russia is the cradle of the Russian people. Anchoring. Volgo-Vyatsky. Enamel. Manufactured in the city of Rostov, Yaroslavl region.

local government

1. Settlement is based on the priority of bringing local self-government bodies closer to the population.

Municipalities at the same time are all cities, towns, large rural settlements, etc. uniting small settlements.

2. The economic proceeds from the fact that the criterion for the creation of a municipality is level economic development , the presence of a developed engineering and social infrastructure, which makes it possible to provide services to the population. In this case municipalities are

only large cities and rural areas.

3. Two-tier municipalities are created in accordance with administrative-territorial division of the subjects of the Russian Federation. Top-level municipalities are created in large cities and rural areas, of which the territory of this constituent entity of the Russian Federation consists.

Municipalities lower level are created in settlements or

compact groups of settlements (small towns, settlements) located within the boundaries municipalities of the upper level.

Territory of the subject of the Russian Federation

Urban

Municipal

Settlements Inter-settlement territories

Urban Rural

Territories of municipalities

See: ФЗ dated 6.10.2003 No. - 131 ФЗ

Article 10. Territories of municipalities

2. Borders of municipal territories

entities are established and changed by the laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in accordance with

the requirements provided for in Articles 11-13 of this Federal Law.

Article 11. Borders of municipalities

1. Borders of municipalities

installed and modifiedin accordance with the following requirements:

1) the territory of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation is delimited between settlements... Areas with a low rural population density may not be included in settlement areas;

2) the territory of all settlements, excluding urban districts, and

arising in areas with low population density inter-settlement territories are included in

composition of municipal districts;

3) the territory of a settlement consists of historically formed lands of settlements, adjacent common lands, territories of traditional nature management of the population of the corresponding settlement, recreational lands, lands for the development of the settlement;

Territory of an urban settlement:

a) one city (village) + territories intended for the development of its infrastructure;

b) either a city (settlement) + villages and rural settlements non-municipal

formations + territories intended for

development of its infrastructure;

Territory of a rural settlement usually one rural settlement (population over 1000 people, for areas with high density over 3000 people). Or several rural settlements with

with a population of less than 1000/3000 people, united by a common

territory

The territory of the municipal district - the territory of urban and rural settlements that are part of it + inter-settlement area

Changing the boundaries of municipalities

FZ dated 6.10.2003 No. 131-FZ Art. 12. Ongoing

the law of the subject of the Russian Federation.

Procedure options demarcation and transformation municipalities:

1st: definitions of boundaries and transformation of existing municipalities.

2nd: setting boundaries newly formed municipalities and giving them the appropriate status.

Initiators: population, local self-government bodies, OGV of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, federal OGV;

Conversion of municipalities (options)

Consolidation of several municipalities into one

Division of one municipality into several independent municipal formations

Change in the status of an urban settlement in connection with granting it the status of an urban district or deprivation

its status as an urban district

Implemented by the laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation

(See: ФЗ dated 6.10.2003, No. 131-FZ, Art. 13)

THE ROLE OF THE POPULATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN DECISION-MAKING TO CHANGE THE BORDERS (TRANSFORMATION) OF MUNICIPAL FORMATIONS

1. The consent of the population and the decision of local governments (state authorities) are required

Changing the boundaries of municipalities,entailing the attribution of their constituent settlements (settlements) to the territories of other municipalities(art. 12)

Consolidation of municipal districts entails changing boundaries other municipalities (municipal districts, settlements, urban districts) (part 4, article 13,);

Changes to the status of an urban settlement urban district and

separating it from the region (part 7, article 13,);

Changes in the status of the urban district in connection with giving it the status urban settlement and its inclusion in the region (p. 7, art. 13,);

Unification of settlements entails a change in the boundaries of other municipalities (part 3, article 13);

Divisions of the settlement, in the case of the formation of two or more settlements (part 5, article 13,).

Abolition of settlements in areas with low population density (Art.13.1)

2. It is necessary to make a decision of local self-government bodies (state authorities),

public opinion is taken into account

Changing the boundaries of municipal districts and settlements,not entailing assignment of territories individual settlements and (or) settlements that are part of them, respectively, to the territories of other municipal districts or settlements (part 4, article 12)

Consolidation of two or more municipal districts,not entailing changes in the boundaries of other municipalities (Article 13, paragraph 4)

Division of the municipal area (part 6, article 13,)

Municipal transformation issues

education must be submitted to public hearings(Part 3, Art. 28, Part 3

1 tbsp. 83).

The consent of the population of municipalities is expressed by voting or at gatherings.

Territorial organization is one of the most difficult questions of formation

systems of local self-government in Russia

6. REPRESENTATIVE BODY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT

The presence in the structure of local self-government bodiesrepresentative body

municipality , head of the municipality, local administration(executive-administrativebody of the municipality) is mandatory,except for the cases provided for by this Federal Law. (see article 35 131-FZ)

The formation procedure, powers, term of office, accountability, controllability are determined by the Chartermunicipality. The names of the representative body are established by the law of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, taking into account historical and other local traditions

Representative body of the municipalitycan exercise his powers if elected at least 2/3 from the established number of deputies (clause 1 of article 35).

A meeting of the representative body of a municipal formation cannot be considered competent if it is attended by less than50% of the number of elected deputies. Meetings of the representative body of the municipality are held at least once every three months (clause 1.1 of article 35).

OPTIONS FOR FORMING A REPRESENTATIVE BODY OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT

1.Consists of deputies elected by the population in municipal elections

2.May consist of heads of settlements included

v composition of the municipal district,

and from the deputies of representative bodies specified settlements, elected

representative bodies of settlements from their composition in accordance with an equal rate of representation regardless of the population of the settlement

The representative body of the municipal district is formed in accordance with the second option, if such a decision within 1 year from the date of the relevant initiative was supported by the representative bodies of at least 2/3 of the settlements that are part of the municipal district. (Part 5 of Art. 35 No. 131-FZ)

Number of deputiesrepresentative

a settlement authority, including an urban district, determined by the charter

municipality and depends on the size of the population (part 6, article 35 No. 131-FZ)

Number of deputies representative body the municipal district cannot be less than 15 people... (part 7, article 35 No. 131-FZ)

The number of deputies of the representative body of the intracity territory of a city of federal significance cannot be less than 10 people. (part 8, article 35 No. 131-FZ)

Representative bodymunicipality has the rights legal entity... (Ibid, part 9)

Organization of the activities of the representative bodymunicipality in accordance with the charter

municipality carried out by the head of the municipality, and if the said official is the head of the local administration, - the chairman of the representative body of the municipality, elected by this body from among its members. (Ibid., part 14)