The results of the Quacquarelli Symonds ranking have been published. Quacquarelli Symonds World's Best Universities in Natural Sciences Ranking Published

The list of the 1000 best universities in the world includes universities involved in the projects of the National Technology Initiative

The British company Quacquarelli Symonds has published the QS World University Rankings. This year, 25 Russian universities are represented in the ranking, which includes 1000 educational institutions.

Moscow State University remains the leader of Russian higher education. Lomonosov, which rose six positions compared to last year and took 84th place. In second place among Russian universities is NSU (231st position), which participates in the program to improve the competitiveness of leading universities among the world's leading research and educational centers (Project 5-100).
As noted on the website of the 5-100 project, of the 25 Russian universities represented in the ranking this year, 16 are participants in the 5-100 project. The top 500 includes 16 universities from Russia, with 12 participating in the 5-100 project.

In addition to Novosibirsk State University, which has risen by 13 positions and strengthened its position in the top 300, this rating range also includes another university of the "5-100 project", Tomsk State University(268th position).

Russian universities showed positive dynamics in the top 400 as well. Compared to last year, their number increased from 10 to 13. MIPT (302nd position) managed to come close to the top 300, moving up 10 positions, followed by NRU HSE (322nd position) and NRNU MEPhI (329th position) i position).

For the first time this year in the top 400 the best universities The world includes such universities - participants of the Project as UrFU (364th position), KFU (392nd position) and RUDN (392nd position). ITMO University made a significant leap towards higher rating ranges, taking 436th place in the rating table, moving more than 70 points up. The top 500 also includes St. Petersburg Poly Technical University Peter the Great, the structure of which includes the Competence Center of the National Technology Initiative in the direction of "New production technologies"(439th position) and NUST MISIS (451st position).

Positive dynamics in the top 300, top 400, top 500 speaks of the potential of Russian universities and their increasing competitiveness, since the higher the rating range, the more difficult it is to move up in it.

“According to this year's data, it is obvious that foreign students are warmly reacting to the initiatives of the Ministry of Science and higher education Russia and the continued creation of a vibrant multinational community is an important factor highlighting the improvement in the situation in Russia this year. However, it should be noted that the low student-to-faculty ratio is another key success factor in Russia. Students value access to their professors, and a large faculty-to-student ratio makes the university attractive. Ensuring a high proportion of teachers to students is crucial for Russia's further progress, ”said Ben Souter, head of the QS Intelligence Unit's research department.

The main goal of the QS World University Rankings is to help students select top universities around the world. When compiling the QS World University Rankings, six indicators are taken into account: credibility in the academic environment, faculty-to-student ratio, reputation among employers, citation index, and the proportion of foreign faculty and students.
Along with the Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) and University Rankings the world(Times Higher Education World University Rankings) QS is a rating that the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation is guided by when assessing the success of universities.

According to the indicator "Share international students»In this year's ranking, 19 out of 25 Russian universities have improved their results - in total, for the period from 2013 to 2018, the number of foreign students increased by 40%. In addition, seven of the top 50 universities in the world in terms of Teacher-to-Student Ratio are Russian.

84 a place in the overall QS World University Rankings was taken by the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, a partner of the Center quantum technologies;
231 Novosibirsk State University;
234 St. Petersburg State University;
274 Tomsk State University;
284 Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman;
302 Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT);
322 National research university « graduate School economics ";
329 National Research Nuclear University MEPhI;
364 Ural Federal University;
366 Moskovsky state institute International Relations - MGIMO University;
387 Tomsk Polytechnic University;
392 Kazan Federal University;
392 Peoples' Friendship University of Russia;
436 Saint Petersburg National Research University information technologies Mechanics and Optics - ITMO University;
439 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, which includes the Competence Center of the National Technological Initiative in the direction of "New production technologies";
451 National Research University of Technology MISIS, which has established the Center for Quantum Communications of the National Technology Initiative;
521-530 Saratov State University;
531-540 Far Eastern Federal University, which includes the NTI Center in the direction of "Neurotechnologies, technologies of virtual and augmented reality";
541-550 South Federal University;
601-650 Nizhny Novgorod State University;
651-700 Samara National Research University;
751-800 Russian Economic University named after G.V. Plekhanov;
801-1000 Novosibirsk State Technical University;
801-1000 South Ural State University;
801-1000 Voronezh State University.

School graduates are always faced with a difficult task - to decide on a future place of study. The choice of a university can play a key role in the future working career, therefore, applicants and their parents always approach the solution of such a significant issue with special attention. To help them, the QS World University Rankings were created. This annual ranking universities and institutes makes it possible to find out which educational institutions offer the best educational conditions for 42 specialties. In addition to filters by topic, an applicant can also specify a specific region or a specific country.

QS World University Rankings Methodology

1. Academic reputation... Respondents involved in a given or related field are asked to name up to 10 domestic and 30 international educational institutions that they consider suitable for scientific activities... In 2016, over 76,000 people employed in higher education took part in the survey.
2. Employer reputation... Employers are asked to name 10 domestic and 30 international universities, graduates of which the best way are suitable for work in this organization. 2016 data is based on a survey of over 44,000 employers.
3. Citation Index... Scientometric indicator of the number of references to scientific works of university teachers.
4. Hirsch index... An indicator showing the ratio of the number of publications to the level of their citation. V currently it is believed that it is the Hirsch index that is the most objective indicator of the significance and scientific productivity.

It is worth mentioning separately that for different academic fields their own correction factors were applied. So, for medical specialties where the publication activity has high value The Citation Index and the Hirsch Index accounted for 25% of the total result of a particular university. For faculties of history - 15%. And in the field of art and design, where the quantity scientific works extremely few, these factors were not taken into account at all.

World's Best Universities in Arts and Humanities

In the field of art and humanities QS World University Rankings offer data on the following specialties: archeology, architecture, art and design, English language and literature, history, linguistics, modern languages, theater, philosophy. We publish the top 10 world universities in the most popular specialties - "architecture" and "art and design".

Top Universities in the World in Engineering and Technology

In the field of engineering and technical sciences, the QS World University Rankings offer data for the following specialties: chemical engineering, civil and industrial construction, computer technology, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering and aircraft construction, and mining. We publish the top 10 universities by IT specialization.

World's Top Universities in Science and Medicine

In the field of science and medicine, the QS World University Rankings offer data for the following specialties: agriculture and forestry, biology, dentistry, medicine, nursing, pharmaceuticals and pharmacology, psychology, veterinary medicine. We publish the top 10 world universities in the most demanded specialties - dentistry and medicine.

World's Best Universities in Science

In the area of natural sciences QS World University Rankings offer data for the following specialties: physics and astronomy, mathematics, science environment, geology and oceanography, chemistry, materials science, geography. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the top 10 strongest universities in the field of chemistry.

Top Universities in the World in Social Science and Management

In the area of social sciences and management QS World University Rankings offers data on the following specialties: accounting and finance, anthropology, business and management, sociology, media, political science, pedagogy, social development, statistics, economics, jurisprudence, social policy. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the top 10 universities in the areas of "accounting and finance" and "business and management".

QS World University Rankings is an annual publication university rankings on Quacquarelli Symonds (QS)... Formerly known as Times Higher Education-QS World University Rankings , the publisher collaborated with Times Higher Education (THE) printed their international league tables from 2004 to 2009 before they began announcing their own versions. QS then decided to continue using the existing methodology for now. Times Higher Education adopted a new methodology for creating their rating.

The QS system currently includes a global general and subject ranking (named the world's top universities for 48 different subjects and five composite faculty areas), along with five independent regional tables (Asia, Latin America, Emerging Europe and Central Asia, Arab region and BRICS).

As the only international ranking to have received the International Ranking of an Expert Group (IREG) approval, the QS rankings are regarded as one of the three most read university rankings in the world, along with academic ranking of world universities and Times Higher Education World University Rankings ... However, it has been criticized for its over-reliance on subjective metrics and reputation surveys, which tend to fluctuate over the years. The concern also exists with regard to the global consistency and integrity of the data used to derive QS ranking results.

history

The perceived need for an international ranking of UK universities goals was highlighted in December 2003 in Richard Lambert's survey of universities and industry cooperation in the UK for Treasury, United Kingdom Treasury Department. Among his recommendations were world university rankings, which Lambert said would help the UK assess the global position of its universities.

The idea of ​​the rating was credited in the book by Ben Wildavsky, in Big Brain Race: How Global Universities Are Rebuilding the World, to the then editor Times Higher Education (), John O "Leary ... Decided to cooperate with the training and career advice of the companyQuacquarelli Symonds (QS) to supply data, appointing Martin Ince, former deputy editor-in-chief and later contractor on, to manage the project.

Between 2004 and 2009, QS made a ranking in partnership with. In 2009, they announced that they would be producing their own ratings, in Times Higher Education World University Rankings , in partnership withThomson Reuters ... The cited argued weakness of the original rankings methodology, as well as perceived favoritism in the existing science-over-humanities methodology, as two of the main reasons for the decision to split with QS.

QS has retained the intellectual property in previous rankings and the methodology used to compile them, and continues to produce rankings based on this methodology, which are now called the QS World University Rankings.

Created a new methodology with Thomson Reuters and published the first Times Higher Education World University Rankings in September 2010.

Global rankings

Overall

methodology

QS publishes the results of the ranking in the global media and has entered into partnerships with a number of retail outlets, including The guardian in the United Kingdom, and Joseon ilbo In Korea. The first ratings, obtained by QS independently of and using QS's consistent and original methodology, were released on September 8, 2010, with the second appearing on September 6, 2011.

Academic peer review

This is the most controversial part of the methodology. Using a combination of purchased mailing lists and attachments and offers, this survey asks active academics around the world for the best universities in their specialized fields. QS published the title of the work and the geographical distribution of the participants.

The 2017/18 rankings have enjoyed responses from 75,015 people in over 140 countries for its academic reputation score, including votes from the previous five years rolled forward, provided there was no more recent information available from the same person. Members can nominate up to 30 universities, but cannot vote for their own. They tend to assign a median of around 20, which means that this study includes over 500,000 data points. The average respondent has 20.4 years of academic experience, while 81% of respondents have more than a decade of experience in the academic world.

In 2004, when rankings first appeared, academic peer review accounted for half of the university's possible score. In 2005, its share was reduced to 40 percent due to the introduction of the employer reputation survey.

Faculty ratio

This figure is 20 percent of the university's possible ranking score. This is a classic measure used in various rating systems as a proxy for teaching commitments, but QS admitted that it was less than satisfactory.

Citations at faculty

Published research citations are one of the most widely used materials for national and global university rankings. The QS World University Rankings used quotes from Thomson (now Thomson Reuters) data from 2004 to 2007, and has since used data from Scopus, part of Elsevier. The total number of citations for a period of five years is divided by the number of academics at the university to obtain the score for this measure, which accounts for 20 percent of the university's possible score in the ranking.

QS clarified that it uses this approach rather than paper citations preferred to other systems, as it diminishes the effect of biomedical science on the big picture - bio-medicine is fierce. " publish or perish»Culture. Instead, QS tries to measure the research density of active employees in each institution. But questions still remain about the use of citations in ranking systems, especially the fact that the arts and humanities generate relatively few links.

However, starting in 2015, QS made methodological improvements designed to take away the advantage of the institutions specializing in natural sciences and medicine previously established. This improvement is called faculty area normalization, and it also ensures that the institution's citations count in each of the five key faculty QS areas is weighted by 20% of the final citations score.

QS conceded some data collection errors regarding faculty references in rankings in previous years.

One interest Ask is the difference between Scopus and Thomson Reuters databases. For large universities in the world, the two capture systems are more or less the same publications and citations. For less mainstream institutions, Scopus has more non-english language and smaller circulating journals in their database. But since the documents are not as heavily cited there, it can also mean less citation on paper for the universities that publish there. This area has been criticized for undermining universities that do not use English as their primary language. Quoting and publishing in a language other than English is more difficult to come across. English is the most internationalized language and therefore also the most cited.

employer review

This portion of the ranking is obtained in a similar way to the Academic Peer Review, except that it samples recruiters who hire graduates globally or on a large scale country. The numbers are fewer - 40,455 responses from over 130 countries in the 2016 Rankings - and are used to produce 10 percent of any university's possible scores. This survey was presented in 2005 in the hope that employers keep track of diploma quality, making it a barometer of learning quality, a famously problematic thing to measure. The university stood here of particular interest for potential students, and recognizing this was the impetus for the inaugural QS Graduate Employment Ranking published in November 2015.

International orientation

The final ten percent of the university's possible score is derived from measures aimed at capturing their internationalism: five percent of their percentage of international students, and another five percent of their percentage of international staff. This is interesting in part because it shows whether a university is making an effort to be global, but also because it tells us whether it is taken seriously enough by students and academics around the world that they want to be there.

reception

In September 2015, both The Guardian and The Daily Mail referred to the QS World University Rankings as "the most authoritative of its kind." In 2016, Ben Sowter, Head of Research at the QS Intelligence Unit, was ranked 40th in Wonkhe's 2016 "Education Graduate Nutrition List. A list listed that the organization is considered to be the 50 most influential figures in UK higher education.

Several universities in the UK and Asia Pacific commented positively on the rankings. Vice Chancellor of New Zealand Massey University, Professor Judith Kinnear, says the Times Higher Education-QS ranking is “a remarkable external confirmation of several university attributes, including the quality of its scientific research, training of scientific personnel, education and employment. " She said the rankings are a true measure of a university's ability to fly high internationally: “The Times Higher Education rankings provide a much more and more sophisticated, reliable and well-crafted measure of international and national rankings than any of New Zealand. Performance Based Research Foundation(PBRF) measure or Shanghai ratings". September 2012 British newspaper The independent described the QS World University Rankings as "widely recognized in the higher education system as the most reliable international rankings."

Angel Calderon, Chief Planning and Research Advisor RMIT University and a member of the QS Advisory Board, commented favorably on the QS University Rankings for Latin America, stating that "QS Latin America University Rankings have become the annual international reference universities used to determine their relative position in the region." He also stated that the 2016/17 edition of this ranking showed improved stability.

Criticisms

Some commentators have raised concerns about the use or misuse of survey data. However, the QS Intelligence Unit and was responsible for compiling the rating, state, degree of sample size used for their research means that now they are "almost impossible to manipulate, and very difficult for institutions to 'play'." They also state that "more than 62,000 academic respondents contributed to our 2013 academic results, four times more than in 2010 independent scientific reviews have confirmed these results to be more than 99% reliable." In addition, since 2013, the number of respondents to the QS Academic Reputation Survey has increased once again. Their research currently uses about 75,000 scientific peer-reviewed reviews, making it "by far the world's largest aggregation of feeling in this [global academic] community."

The QS World University Rankings have been criticized by many for having too much emphasis on peer review, which gets 40 percent of the overall score. Some people have expressed concern about the way in which peer review is carried out. In a report, Peter Wills of University of Auckland wrote about Times Higher Education-QS World University Rankings:

But we also note that this study sets its rankings by reaching out to university staff, even offering financial incentives to participate (Appendix II). Staff probably feel it is in their best interest to rank their own institution higher than others. This means that the survey results and any visible changes in the ranking are highly questionable, and that a high ranking has no real intrinsic value in any way. We are categorically against the evaluation of the university based on the results of such PR competitions.

However, QS argue that no survey participant, academic or employer, is offered a financial incentive to respond, while a non-academic will not be able to vote for their own institution. This makes this criticism especially invalid, as it is based on two incorrect premises: (1) that scientists are currently in financially incentives to participate, and (2) that conflicts of interest are created by scientists being able to vote for their own institution.

Academics have previously criticized the use of the citation database, arguing that it underestimates the institutions that excel in the social sciences. Ian Diamond, former CEO Economic and Social Research Council, and now vice-chancellor University of Aberdeen and a member of the editorial board, writes Times Higher Education in 2007, saying:

The use of a citation database should have an impact because such databases do not have as broad coverage of the social sciences (or arts and humanities) as the natural sciences. Thus, the low position in London School of Economics, triggered in the first place by its quotation of assessment, is the result not of the output of an outstanding institution, but of the database, and the fact that the LSE does not have the counterbalance of a large natural science base.

However, in 2015, the implementation of QS in the faculty area of ​​normalization did not ensure that the QS rating no longer assigned an undue advantage or disadvantage to any institution based on their specific subject specialization. Accordingly, the London School of Economics grew from 71st in 2014 to 35th in 2015 and 37th in 2016.

These rankings use some of the same criteria as the world rankings, but there are revised Weights and new criteria. One addition is the criterion for incoming and outgoing exchange students. Accordingly, the performance of Asian institutions in QS World University Rankings and QS Asian University Rankings released in the same academic year are different from each other.

Latin America

V QS Latin American University Rankings or QS University Rankings: Latin America were started in 2011 they use academic opinion (30%), employer opinion (20%), publications per faculty member, citations to paper, researcher to PhD, faculty / student ratio, and web visibility (10 percent each) as measures ...

2016/17 edition of QS World University Rankings: Latin America is ranked in the top 300 universities in the region. Universidade Sao Paulo retained its status as the best universities in the region.

Africa

The number of universities in Africa increased 115 percent from 2000 to 2010, and enrollment more than doubled from 2.3 million to 5.2 million students, according to UNESCO. However, only one African university was one of the top 100 worlds to be judged by the 2016 world universities ranking.

BRICS

This ranking set adopts 8 indicators to select the top 100 higher education institutions in BRICS countries... Institutions in, Macau and Taiwan didn't get here.

QS has been in the education sector since 1990. She organizes international events for students and makes rankings of universities around the world. The QS World University Rankings are ranked as one of the three most influential university rankings in the world, along with the Times Higher Education and Academic Ranking of World Universities. However, the rankings have been criticized for relying on subjective metrics and polls, which tend to fluctuate from year to year.

The QS Graduate Employability Ranking 2020 published today is based on five indicators: reputation among employers, success of graduates, partnership with employers, interaction of employers with students and employment of graduates.

Russian higher education was represented by 13 universities, seven of which are among the participants in the 5-100 Project. The winner of the best indicator among them was the HSE, which divided the places from 201st to 250th. Six more universities of Project 5-100 - MIPT, NSU, NUST MISIS, NRNU MEPhI, RUDN and TPU - took places in the rating range 301-500. Most strengths universities of Project 5-100 - employment of graduates and interaction of employers with students.

The Russian leaders of the QS Graduate Employability Ranking are Moscow State University (group of places 101-110), St. Petersburg State University (position 181-190) and MGIMO (position 191-200). Common first place in the ranking went to Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the second to Stanford University, the third to the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA).