Examples of scientific evidence from any industry. The most interesting facts in nature, science and technology

Science is a special kind cognitive activities a person, aimed at obtaining, substantiating and systematizing objective knowledge about the world, a person, society and knowledge itself, on the basis of which a person transforms reality.

Here are some of the most interesting and amazing facts about science.

American physicist and computer scientist Douglas Hofstadter, discussing the difficulties in planning and estimating the time to complete complex tasks, formulated a recursive principle, now known as Hofstadter's law: "Any business always lasts longer than expected, even if we take into account Hofstadter's law."

In 2009, researchers at the University of Montreal attempted to conduct a study on the impact of viewing pornography on the sex lives of men between the ages of 20 and 30. Within its framework, 20 men were interviewed. However, this goal was not achieved, since scientists could not find a single man who had never seen porn to make comparisons.

Physicists Ralph Alfer and Georgy Gamow before the publication of their work on primary nucleosynthesis - education chemical elements during the Big Bang - Hans Bethe was invited to co-authors only so that their surnames would form a beautiful combination of the first three letters Greek alphabet... For the sake of brevity, the scientific community calls this article - “??? paper ". Some calculations for the work were performed on a computer by Ralph Herman, who was offered to change his surname to Delter and also be included in the list of authors, but he refused.

Founded by Nikolai Vavilov, the All-Union Institute of Plant Industry by the beginning of World War II possessed the world's most extensive collection of seeds from more than one hundred thousand plant samples. During the siege of Leningrad, the staff of the institute with heroic efforts preserved the collection in the absence of electricity and interruptions in heating. In the winter of 1941-1942 alone, five residents of Virov died of hunger, refusing to consider the stocks of cereals and potatoes as food. And in the summer, the employees managed to sow the necessary samples under artillery shelling. Rats got into some boxes, there were also thefts through broken windows, but in general these losses were insignificant for the collection.

Among the followers of various faiths, there are many adherents of theistic evolutionism. This concept recognizes the scientific view of the origin of the universe, the origin of life on Earth and evolution, but driving force these processes are announced by God. Inconsistencies in religious texts (for example, the creation of the world by God in 6 days) are explained by theistic evolutionists by the fact that in the light of undeniable evidence of modern scientific theories religious texts need to be interpreted not literally, but allegorically. Of all denominations, theistic evolutionism received the most consistent and official support from the Catholic Church: back in the middle of the 20th century, Pope Pius XII declared that evolution should be considered a serious hypothesis, and in 1996 John Paul II said that this is more than a hypothesis, and that between there is no contradiction between the theory of evolution and the doctrine of faith.

Among Catholics, there are many scientists who made discoveries that directly contradicted religious dogmas. Moreover, they were not just believers, but also served as priests. The most famous such person is Nicolaus Copernicus, he served as a canon in the diocese of Warmia and became famous for his theory heliocentric system universe. Catholic Church subsequently banned his teachings and censored his works. Another example from the 20th century is the Belgian Georges Lemaitre, who was ordained abbot and worked in many universities. He became the author of the theory of the expanding universe independently of the Soviet mathematician Friedman, and later his reasoning formed the basis of the theory of the "Big Bang".

In 1927, Thomas Parnell, a professor at the University of Queensland, Australia, set up an experiment to demonstrate to students the liquid properties of bitumen tar - a substance that is solid in its normal state. He heated the resin, poured it into a sealed glass funnel and closed it on top, and after three years cut off the bottom of the funnel, allowing the droplets to form. The first drop fell in 1938, the next ones fell at about the same interval - in total, 9 drops have been recorded to date. This experience is considered the longest continuous laboratory experiment in history.

American scientists on a computer model proved the theoretical possibility of the exodus of Jews from Egypt. As described in the book of Exodus, Moses led his people to a place where they parted sea ​​waters... Computer calculations have shown that in one place in the Nile Delta, a passage with walls of water on the sides can form if the wind blows in a certain direction at a speed of 100 km / h for 12 hours.

There is a widespread legend that the idea of ​​the periodic table of chemical elements came to Mendeleev in a dream. Once he was asked if this was so, to which the scientist replied: "I have been thinking about it for maybe twenty years, but you think: I was sitting and suddenly ... it was ready."

In terms of iron content - 2.7 mg per 100 grams - spinach is not the record holder among vegetables. However, for a long time it was believed that spinach is exceptionally rich in iron. This misconception was born in the late 19th century from two sources. One American researcher came up with the figure 2.9 mg, but forgot to put a comma, and in the published study it was 29 mg. Independently of him, a scientist from Switzerland announced an even higher figure - 35 mg, but he got such a result based on the analysis of dry spinach. The error was revealed only half a century later.

Psychology is sometimes called "the science of sophomore students and white rats" because many experiments are done on these two categories. Most research psychologists work in universities, so it is easiest for them to recruit students for research.

Nazi Germany banned the adoption of Nobel Prize after the 1935 Peace Prize was awarded to the opponent of National Socialism Karl von Ossietzky. German physicists Max von Laue and James Frank entrusted the storage of their gold medals to Niels Bohr. When the Germans occupied Copenhagen in 1940, the chemist de Hevesy dissolved these medals in aqua regia. After the end of the war, de Hevesy extracted the gold hidden in royal vodka and gave it to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. New medals were produced there and re-presented to von Laue and Frank.

Since the 1990s, there have been frequent calls on websites and in mailing lists to ban the use of dihydrogen monoxide. They list the numerous hazards that this substance causes: it is the main component of acid rain, accelerates the corrosion of metals, can cause short circuits, etc. Despite the danger, the substance is actively used as an industrial solvent, additives to food products, atomic stations, and enterprises dump it in huge quantities into rivers and seas. This joke - after all, dihydrogen monoxide is nothing but water - should teach critical perception of information. In 2007, a New Zealand MP bought it. He received a similar letter from a voter, and he forwarded it to the government, demanding that the dangerous chemical be banned.

In a hoard, buried about a thousand years ago by Vikings on the Swedish island of Gotland, lenses of complex aspherical shape made of rock crystal were found. René Descartes calculated this lens shape only in the 17th century, but was never able to make one.

In 1963, a student from Tanzania, Erasto Mpemba, discovered that hot water freezes faster in a freezer than cold water. In honor of him, this phenomenon was called the Mpemba effect. Until now, scientists have not been able to accurately explain the cause of the phenomenon, and the experiment is not always successful: it requires certain conditions.

It is believed that Alfred Nobel did not include mathematics in the list of disciplines of his award due to the fact that his wife cheated on him with the mathematician. In fact, Nobel never married. The real reason for Nobel's disregard for mathematics is unknown, but there are several theories. For example, at that time there was already a prize in mathematics from the Swedish king. Another is that mathematicians do not make important inventions for humanity, since this science is purely theoretical in nature.

Nine-banded armadillos are of great scientific interest in that they usually give birth to 4 identical twins. Due to their complete identity, the group of four battleships is an excellent subject for medical, genetic, psychological and other research that requires a homogeneous composition of the test takers.

The James Randi Educational Foundation is dedicated to research into hoaxes and psychics, and guarantees a million dollar prize to anyone who can demonstrate supernatural ability in a well-designed experiment. Since 1996, not a single applicant has been able to win the prize.

So if everything consists of nothing, why does everything exist? Why can't we see through the paper and the screen, but can we read the letters on them? Why are we even able to stand, see, feel? ..

It's all about the forces of attraction and repulsion. They hold the atoms of matter together, forming invisible, indestructible bonds between them. They repel atoms of other substances, preventing different types matter to mix.

It looks like a real miracle. Factrum publishes the most amazing scientific facts interesting to think about.

1. If the thimble was filled with matter from a neutron star, it would weigh nearly 100 million tons.
2. Pseudo blindness- This is a phenomenon in which blind people have a physiological response to visual stimuli (for example, an angry face), despite the fact that they are not able to see them.
3. If people used Newton's formulas instead of Einstein's theory of relativity, GPS calculations would differ by several kilometers.
4. The coldest place in the known universe located on Earth in a Finnish laboratory. Scientists managed to freeze atoms using laser cooling. This resulted in temperatures in the billionth power of absolute zero.
5. There are more synapses in the human brain than there are stars in the Milky Way.
6. If it were possible to remove all the empty space in the atoms, then Everest would fit in a glass.
7. Also chemical compound that gives raspberries their taste is spread throughout the universe. Scientists speculate that if the universe could be tasted, it would look like a raspberry.
8. According to the Hafele-Keating experiment, time runs faster when flying in a westerly direction than in an easterly direction (relative to the center of the earth).
9. All the cells in your body have been dividing since life began on Earth. And all this division will end with your death, except for the cells that you pass on to your offspring (1 per child) and some circumstances (for example, organ donation).
10. The only reason you are able to read this article is that hundreds of kilometers of fiberglass cables lie on the ocean floor.
11. Lubrication in your knees is one of the slipperiest substances known to man.
12. When you recall an event in the past, you are not recalling the event itself, but rather last time when you remembered it. In other words, you have a recollection of memories. For this reason, people's memories are often inaccurate.
13. Pluto has completed only 1/3 of a revolution since it was discovered.
14. If the Earth were the size of a billiard ball, it would be smoother (there would be less vibrations between high and low points on its surface).
15. Human sweat is odorless, but since bacteria feed on it, the smell comes from their waste products.
16. Your lungs have the same surface area as a tennis court.
17. There is no way to scientifically prove that we are not part of a computer simulation.
18. Human body emits more heat per unit volume than the sun.
19. None of your ancestors died before successfully producing offspring.
20. The stomach acid is strong enough to dissolve zinc.
21. Fiery whirlwinds occur on the Sun, which are larger than the Earth.
22. You never really touch anything. Your atoms are simply repelling the atoms of other objects (most of which are empty space).
23. Your brain is made up mostly of water and fat.
24. Water conducts electricity only through pollution. Perfectly clean water does not conduct electricity.
25. Of the four fundamental forces (gravity, electromagnetic force, strong nuclear and weak nuclear), gravity is the weakest, easiest to observe, and least understood.

Interesting scientific facts

1. Pseudo-blindness is a phenomenon in which blind people have a physiological response to visual stimuli (eg, an angry face) despite the fact that they are unable to see them.

9. All the cells in your body have been dividing since life began on Earth. And all this division will end with your death, except for the cells that you pass on to your offspring (1 per child) and some circumstances (for example, organ donation).

16. Your lungs have the same surface area as a tennis court.

Some parents tell their baby: "You are the light of my life." But did you know that if you were the light, you would fly around everything the globe 7.5 times per second! If you became sound, you could fly around the Earth in 4 hours! If we lived on Jupiter, our day would consist of only 9 hours. It's good that on Earth a day lasts 24 hours, because we need to do so much throughout the day! These are just a few interesting scientific facts that may interest both an inquisitive child and an adult.

What is Science?

The science Is an organized and consistent study that includes observation, collection of scientific facts, experimentation, verification of results, and explanation of natural and man-made phenomena. This is an area that enables us to better understand the world and create good things for the benefit of man and all living beings.

Common scientific facts

Now that you know what this is about, here are some fun science facts:

• If you stretch a human DNA strand, its length will be the distance from Pluto to the Sun and back.
• When a person sneezes, the speed of their exhaled air is about 160 km / h.
• A flea can jump to a height that exceeds its own height by 130 times. If the flea were 1.80 m tall, it could jump 230 m.
• Electric eel develops electricity voltage of 650 volts. Touching it is the strongest shock a person can experience.
• Light particles and photons take 40,000 years to travel from the core of the Sun to its surface, and only 8 minutes to reach the Earth.

Science Facts About Earth

Earth is our home. To take care of her, we need to know important information about her:

• The Earth is between 5 and 6 billion years old. The Moon and the Sun are about the same age.
• Our planet is composed primarily of iron, silicon and relatively small amounts of magnesium.
• Earth is the only planet in the solar system with water on its surface and 21% oxygen in the atmosphere.
• The surface of the earth is made up of tectonic plates located on the mantle - a layer located between the Earth's core and the surface. Such a structure the earth's surface explains earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
• About 8.7 million species of living organisms live on Earth. Of these, 2.2 million species live in the ocean, and the rest on land.
• ¾ Earth's surface is covered with water. When astronauts first saw Earth from space, they saw mostly water. This is where the name "blue planet" comes from.

Environmental facts

Why are the seasons changing? What happens to the garbage after we throw it away? What makes the weather hot or cool? Children learn this and much more in nature studies lessons at school. Let's look at some of the facts that convince us of what a wonderful planet we live on.

• Plastic decomposes completely in the earth in 450 years, and glass in 4,000 years.
• Every day in the world 27,000 trees are used only for the manufacture of toilet paper.
• 97% of all water on Earth is salty and unusable. 2% of the water is in glaciers. Therefore, only 1% of water is suitable for consumption.
• The meat processing industry contributes the most to global warming. In second place among global problems- deforestation. About 68% of existing plant species are likely to die out in the near future.
• The population of the Earth is more than 7 billion people. This figure is expected to reach 8 billion by 2025.
• Unfortunately, according to scientists, 99% of existing species of living organisms will become extinct.

Fun facts about animals

The animal kingdom is beautiful and amazing. It contains tame otters, powerful eels, singing whales, giggling rats, sex-changing oysters, and many other equally amazing representatives. Here are some facts about animals that your child will surely like:

• Octopuses have three hearts. An even stranger fact: in lobsters, the urinary tract is on the face, and turtles breathe through the anus.
• In seahorses, the offspring are males, not females.
• The kakapo parrot has a strong pungent odor that attracts predators. This is why the kakapo are endangered.
• A squirrel plants more trees than the average person in a lifetime. How can this be? The fact is that squirrels hide acorns and nuts underground, and then they forget exactly where they were hidden.
• Lions are hunted mainly by lionesses. Lions only intervene when needed.

Interesting Facts about plants

Plants green our planet, produce oxygen, make the Earth habitable. Trees and plants are probably the most useful among the living inhabitants of the Earth. Here are some interesting facts about plants:

• Like humans, plants recognize other plants in their species.
• In total, there are more than 80,000 edible plants on Earth. We eat about 30 of them.
• Humanity is rapidly destroying forests. About 80% of all forests have already been destroyed.
• The oldest tree in the world (sequoia) is located in the USA, in the state of California. His age is 4 843 years.
• The height of the tallest tree in the world is 113 m. It is also located in California.
• The largest tree in the world is aspen, growing in the United States, in the state of Utah. Its weight is 6,000 tons.

Space facts

The sun, stars, planets, the Milky Way, constellations and everything in the Universe is located in vacuum space. We call it space. We offer several interesting facts about him:

• The Earth is tiny compared to the Sun, which is 300,000 times its size.
• The whole space is absolutely soundless, because sound does not propagate in a vacuum.
• Venus is the most hot planet in the solar system. The temperature on the surface of Venus is 450 ° C.
• The force of gravity changes the weight of a person on different planets. For example, the force of gravity on Mars is lower than on Earth, so a person weighing 80 kg on Mars will weigh only 31 kg.
• Since there is no atmosphere or water on the moon, nothing can erase the tracks of astronauts who set foot on its surface. Therefore, traces are likely to remain here for another hundred million years.
• The core temperature of the Sun - the closest star to Earth - is 15 million degrees Celsius.

Facts about famous scientists

For a long time, people thought that the Earth was flat, that the change of seasons depends on the mood of the gods, and evil spirits cause disease. This continued until the great scientists proved the opposite. Without them, we would still be living in ignorance.

• Albert Einstein was a genius, but his talents were revealed quite late. After the death of the scientist, his brain was the subject of numerous studies.
• Nicolaus Copernicus refuted the theory that the Earth is the center of the universe. He developed a model Solar system, in the center of which is the sun.
• Leonardo da Vinci was not only an artist. He was also an outstanding mathematician, scientist, writer and even musician.
• Archimedes invented the law of fluid displacement while taking a bath. It's funny that, according to legend, he jumped out of the bath, shouting "Eureka!" He was so excited that he forgot that he was not wearing any clothes.
• Marie Curie, the woman chemist who discovered radium, was the first person in the world to win the Nobel Prize twice.

Scientific facts from the world of technology

Technology is the engine of progress. We are so addicted to technology in Everyday life that it is even scary. Here are some fun facts about technical devices that we encounter on a daily basis:

• The first computer game appeared in 1967. It was called "brown box" (translated from English - "brown box"), because that is what it looked like.
• The world's first computer, ENIAC, weighed over 27 tons and occupied an entire room.
• The Internet and the World Wide Web are not the same thing.
• Robotics is one of the most relevant today scientific spheres... However, back in 1495, Leonardo da Vinci drew the world's first robot diagram.
• "Camera Obscura" - a prototype of a camera that influenced the development of photography. It was used in Ancient Greece and China for projecting images on the screen.
• There is an interesting technology that uses plant waste to generate methane, which in turn can be used to generate electricity.

Engineering Science Facts

Engineering helps create beautiful things - from homes and cars to electronic gadgets.

• Most high bridge in the world - viaduct Millau in France. It is located at a height of 245 m, supported by beams suspended by cables.
• The Palm Islands in Dubai can be called a modern wonder of the world. These are man-made islands floating on water.
• The world's largest particle accelerator is located in Geneva. It was built to aid the research of more than 10,000 scientists and is located in an underground tunnel.
• The Chandra Space Observatory is the world's largest X-ray telescope. It is also the most big satellite launched into space.
• Today the most ambitious project in the world is the New Valley in Egypt. Engineers are trying to convert millions of hectares of desert into agricultural land. Imagine what it would be like if we could green the Earth in the same way! Our planet would regain its original purity!

Science is a wonderful field that inspires many people. All you need is to get the child interested in her. And who knows, maybe your child will grow up to be the second Einstein.