Documentary film about Bider Mary Karpovna. Maria Bida: The best "hand-to-hand" of the Great Patriotic
Maria Bida was born in the Crimean village Novoselskiy Ak-Sundar region (now this is the Black Sea district) on February 1, 1922. At the end of the 7th Letter, in 1936 began its career - a sanitary hospital in Giankoy. In 1941, she was going to enter a medical college, but the war made its own adjustments ...
First, Maria in the medical team from the hospital served the sanitary trains stopping in Giangian. From the late autumn of 1941, Bida Fighter of the 35th battalion of the fighter battalion (the main task of the battalion was the fight against the German parachuts-saboteurs, various types of provocateurs and panickers, as well as identifying enemy geasers).
When the fascists came close to Sevastopol, the 35th Fighter Battalion entered the seaside army, defending the Black Sea "Fortress". From May 1942, the senior sergeant Maria Bida fighter of a separate score of this regiment.
When wearing our troops in November 1941, a girl came to Sevastopol in the 514th rifle regiment of the 172nd Rifle Division and asked to take her with her, as she wants to fight for his homeland. She said that he served in the cooperative and graduated from Sanitation courses. She was accepted in a regiment of a nurse. During the first assaults, Maria Bida showed himself a fearless fighter and saved the lives to many red-Armenians and commanders, leading them from the battlefield under the enemy's fire.
About her fighting, courage and dedication knew not only in the 514th rifle shelf. But Maria asked to translate her into intelligence. The regiment commander, knowing about the exceptional courage of the girl, her smelter and endurance, satisfied the request, and MK Bid has become a scout.
Its advantage was that she knew the area of \u200b\u200bSevastopol and its surroundings. On the night before the third storm, it was located as part of the union of the elders of the 2nd article Mosenko in combat guardation.
Bida Maria Karpovna - Star Hero of the Soviet Union № 6183
(Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 06/20/1942)
Description of the Mary of Mary Karpovna Bid
On June 7, 1942, the fascists took another assault on Sevastopol. Rota scouts, which fought Maria Bida, held defense in the area of \u200b\u200bMekenziev Mountains. Despite the numerous superiority, the Nazis could not break the desperate resistance of the Soviet fighters.
Maria was in the very epicenter of "Movie Ada", but showed himself as brave, sometimes even over-desperate fighter - when shelters ended in the machine, the girl disappeared through the bars, returning to the trophy machines and shops to them. During one of these bales, the German pomegranate was broken near it - the girl's contudate and injured in his head lost consciousness.
Bida came to himself closer in the late afternoon - it was already dark. As it turned out later, the fascists broke through the defense of the right of intelligence positions and went to the rear. Over the entire company, one officer remained alive and one and a half dozen fighters - the wounded they were taken by the fascists.
Quickly appreciating the situation (in the trenches of the scouts there were no more than 20 nazis and all of them were in one place - not far from the prisoners), Maria decided to attack. Due to the surprise and the correct reaction of prisoner scouts, which in turn attacked the Germans, as soon as Maria opened fire on the enemy from the machine, all the fascists were destroyed.
Perfectly knowing the scheme of minefields, under the cover of the darkness Maria Bida brought the wounded fighters to their ...
Just think! In the fight with the enemy from the machine destroyed 15 soldiers and one officer, four soldiers killed the butt (!!!), beat off the commander and eight fighters from the Germans, captured the machine gun and the enemy machine! Girl 20 years old!
... captivity. Two years of captivity.
Many things were in two years. And Simferopol prison. And camp for prisoners of war in Slavuta. Then the concentration camp in Lublin, Rivne, in the Austrian city of Salzburg. In total, Mary suffered, and it is impossible to tell. (But if she herself wrote the book ...) and beatings, and torture, and smoking krematorium furnaces, and dogs, fathers, and diseases, flour, which not count ...
She was not just a prisoner, she struggled everywhere. In Slavuta, he got acquainted with a woman from Simferopol Ksenia Karenina. Together with it contacted underground workers, they performed their tasks. In Salzburg was in the international resistance group. And so the struggle, struggle to the end.
It seems to her now that for these two years there was no sun on Earth, there were only autumn, breeding rains, blurred roads, fogs. She heard with surprise later that even beautiful, green city. And for her, he stayed for all his life with gloomy, sleek. It seems that neither the camp did not whitish the escorts, nowhere she was so close to death.
And yet, after all, Ksenia often told her: "You, Masha, happy. You were born in the shirt." It can be seen, she was right. How many times in Slavuta threatened to expose it, which is associated with the underground. Cost.
In Rivne, it was possible to escape from the camp of prisoners of war in civil - "Civile". There she was no longer a scout, a defender of Sevastopol, but simply free working power. They were hijacked to Austria. At some station landed, fed, hung the number. She bought a trigger Bauer. He began to work with him. Yes, he soon learned that Ksenia was hanging in Shepetovka. Another grave loss. So she bitterly became that she was a "his" baouer with an indulgence of an indulgence.
For it sent it to the camp, in the Alpine forests. Almost a year stayed there. Participated in the resistance group. Issued a provocateur. He himself came by the head of the Gestapo city of Salzburg. The whole districts knew: he did not expect mercy. He began the interrogation in German, and finished in Russian. Mr. Head of the Gestapo was from Ukraine. Countrymen, coming out ...
To begin with, "Countryman" knocked her teeth. Did not issue comrades. Brought to jail. It was sitting in a cement basement, which was gradually filled with icy water, then output to the burning fireplace. It seemed unbearable torture with cold and heat. But did not say anything. Fell with bitten inflammation of the lungs.
Salzburg freed the Americans. They lay in their hospital. Then meeting with your long way homeland, ruined, spalling, exhausted, hunger. Star Hero Soviet Union Maria Bida received later ...
And four years passed on the hospital bed. This gift does not pass. Cuts, Latali her doctors, removed fragments after old wounds. Still, she really was born in the shirt. Even after all her life took place. Married, it raised two children - Son and daughter.
In 1946 she returned to Janka. After some time, she moved to permanent residence in Sevastopol. First time MK Bida worked in the system catering. Then the city committee of the party sent it to lead the "Palace of Marriage". From 1961 to 1987 he was heading Sevastopol urban registry office. For 28 years, she gave a farewell and presented a certificate of marriage registration about 60,000 young couples, registered more than 70,000 newborns.
In her honor, a memorial plaque was installed on the building of the Leninsky district of Sevastopol.
Maria Karpovna has repeatedly elected by the deputy of the city council. In 1976, by the decision of the Sevastopol City Council, the title "Honorary Citizen of the Hero City Sevastopol" was assigned to her. On September 20, 2005, it was decided to assign the name "Komsomolsky Park named after the Hero of the Soviet Union Maria Baida." Her name is carved on the plane of the Memorial heroic defenders of Sevastopol in 1941-1942.
Awarded the orders of Lenin, Patriotic War I degrees, Medals "Golden Star", "Beam" and other awards.
Annotation sign in the park named after the Hero of the Soviet Union Maria Bid, Sevastopol
Maria Karpovna died, on August 30, 2002 in Sevastopol, in the city, which she with combat comrades was protected by a brave. Resting on the Cemetery of Communards in Sevastopol.
Maria Bida was born in the Crimean village Novoselskiy Ak-Sundar region (now this is the Black Sea district) on February 1, 1922. At the end of the 7th pilot, in 1936, he began its career - a sanitary hospital in Giankoe.In 1941, she was going to enter a medical college, but the war made its own adjustments ...
First, Maria in the medical team from the hospital served the sanitary trains stopping in Giangian. From the late autumn of 1941, Bida Fighter of the 35th battalion of the fighter battalion (the main task of the battalion was the fight against the German parachuts-saboteurs, various types of provocateurs and panickers, as well as identifying enemy geasers).
When the fascists came close to Sevastopol, the 35th Fighter Battalion entered the seaside army, defending the Black Sea "Fortress". From May 1942, the senior sergeant Maria Bida fighter of a separate score of this regiment.
When wearing our troops in November 1941, a girl came to Sevastopol in the 514th rifle regiment of the 172nd Rifle Division and asked to take her with her, as she wants to fight for his homeland. She said that he served in the cooperative and graduated from Sanitation courses. She was accepted in a regiment of a nurse. During the first assaults, Maria Bida showed himself a fearless fighter and saved the lives to many red-Armenians and commanders, leading them from the battlefield under the enemy's fire.
About her fighting, courage and dedication knew not only in the 514th rifle shelf. But Maria asked to translate her into intelligence. The regiment commander, knowing about the exceptional courage of the girl, her smelter and endurance, satisfied the request, and MK Bid has become a scout.
Its advantage was that she knew the area of \u200b\u200bSevastopol and its surroundings. On the night before the third storm, it was located as part of the union of the elders of the 2nd article Mosenko in combat guardation.
Bida Maria Karpovna - Star Hero of the Soviet Union № 6183
(Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 06/20/1942)
Description of the Mary of Mary Karpovna Bid
On June 7, 1942, the fascists took another assault on Sevastopol. Rota scouts, which fought Maria Bida, held defense in the area of \u200b\u200bMekenziev Mountains. Despite the numerous superiority, the Nazis could not break the desperate resistance of the Soviet fighters.
Maria was in the very epicenter of "Movie Ada", but showed himself as brave, sometimes even over-desperate fighter - when shelters ended in the machine, the girl disappeared through the bars, returning to the trophy machines and shops to them. During one of these bales, the German pomegranate was broken near it - the girl's contudate and injured in his head lost consciousness.
Bida came to himself closer in the late afternoon - it was already dark. As it turned out later, the fascists broke through the defense of the right of intelligence positions and went to the rear. Over the entire company, one officer remained alive and one and a half dozen fighters - the wounded they were taken by the fascists.
Quickly appreciating the situation (in the trenches of the scouts there were no more than 20 nazis and all of them were in one place - not far from the prisoners), Maria decided to attack. Due to the surprise and the correct reaction of prisoner scouts, which in turn attacked the Germans, as soon as Maria opened fire on the enemy from the machine, all the fascists were destroyed.
Perfectly knowing the scheme of minefields, under the cover of the darkness Maria Bida brought the wounded fighters to their ...
Just think! In the fight with the enemy from the machine destroyed 15 soldiers and one officer, four soldiers killed the butt (!!!), beat off the commander and eight fighters from the Germans, captured the machine gun and the enemy machine! Girl 20 years old!
... captivity. Two years of captivity.
Many things were in two years. And Simferopol prison. And camp for prisoners of war in Slavuta. Then the concentration camp in Lublin, Rivne, in the Austrian city of Salzburg. In total, Mary suffered, and it is impossible to tell. (But if she herself wrote the book ...) and beatings, and torture, and smoking krematorium furnaces, and dogs, fathers, and diseases, flour, which not count ...
She was not just a prisoner, she struggled everywhere. In Slavuta, he got acquainted with a woman from Simferopol Ksenia Karenina. Together with it contacted underground workers, they performed their tasks. In Salzburg was in the international resistance group. And so the struggle, struggle to the end.
It seems to her now that for these two years there was no sun on Earth, there were only autumn, breeding rains, blurred roads, fogs. She heard with surprise later that even beautiful, green city. And for her, he stayed for all his life with gloomy, sleek. It seems that neither the camp did not whitish the escorts, nowhere she was so close to death.
And yet, after all, Ksenia often told her: "You, Masha, happy. You were born in the shirt. " It can be seen, she was right. How many times in Slavuta threatened to expose it, which is associated with the underground. Cost.
In Rivne, it was possible to escape from the camp of prisoners of war in civil - "Civile". There she was no longer a scout, a defender of Sevastopol, but simply free working power. They were hijacked to Austria. At some station landed, fed, hung the number. She bought a trigger Bauer. He began to work with him. Yes, he soon learned that Ksenia was hanging in Shepetovka. Another grave loss. So she bitterly became that she was a "his" baouer with an indulgence of an indulgence.
For it sent it to the camp, in the Alpine forests. Almost a year stayed there. Participated in the resistance group. Issued a provocateur. He himself came by the head of the Gestapo city of Salzburg. The whole districts knew: he did not expect mercy. He began the interrogation in German, and finished in Russian. Mr. Head of the Gestapo was from Ukraine. Countrymen, coming out ...
To begin with, "Countryman" knocked her teeth. Did not issue comrades. Brought to jail. It was sitting in a cement basement, which was gradually filled with icy water, then output to the burning fireplace. It seemed unbearable torture with cold and heat. But did not say anything. Fell with bitten inflammation of the lungs.
Salzburg freed the Americans. They lay in their hospital. Then meeting with your long way to homeland, ruined, spalling, exhausted, hunger. Star Hero of the Soviet Union Maria Bida received later ...
And four years passed on the hospital bed. This gift does not pass. Cuts, Latali her doctors, removed fragments after old wounds. Still, she really was born in the shirt. Even after all her life took place. Married, it raised two children - Son and daughter.
In 1946 she returned to Janka. After some time, she moved to permanent residence in Sevastopol. First time MK Bida worked in the catering system. Then the city committee of the party sent it to lead the "Palace of Marriage". From 1961 to 1987 he was heading Sevastopol urban registry office. For 28 years, she gave a farewell and presented a certificate of marriage registration about 60,000 young couples, registered more than 70,000 newborns.
In her honor, a memorial plaque was installed on the building of the Leninsky district of Sevastopol.
Maria Karpovna has repeatedly elected by the deputy of the city council. In 1976, by the decision of the Sevastopol City Council, the title "Honorary Citizen of the Hero City Sevastopol" was assigned to her. On September 20, 2005, it was decided to assign the name "Komsomolsky Park named after the Hero of the Soviet Union Maria Baida." Her name is carved on the plane of the Memorial heroic defenders of Sevastopol in 1941-1942.
He was awarded the orders of Lenin, the Patriotic War of the I degree, the medals of the Golden Star, "for courage" and other awards.
Annotation sign in the park named after the Hero of the Soviet Union Maria Bid, Sevastopol
Maria Karpovna died, on August 30, 2002 in Sevastopol, in the city, which she with combat comrades was protected by a brave. Resting on the Cemetery of Communards in Sevastopol.
* Extremist and terrorist organizations prohibited in Russian Federation: "Jehovah's Witnesses", National Bolshevik Party, "Right Sector", "Ukrainian Rebel Army" (UPA), "Islamic State" (IG, ISIL, DAIS), "Jabhat Fatah Ash-Sham", "Jabhata An-Nusra ", Al-Qaida," Uno-ONSO "," Taliban "," Majlis of the Crimean-Tatar people "," Misantropic Divizhn "," Brotherhood "KORCHINSKY," TRUZUB them. Stepan Bandera "," Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists "(OUN)," Azov "," The Terrorist Community "Network"
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Krasnoperekopsky UVK "School-Lyceum" № 2
"Masha Bida. Life and feat »
Prepared:
Loginova Irina, 10-A Class
PLAN
Introduction
1. Young Crimean Maria Bida
2. "Get up, the country is huge, get up for the death fight ..."
3. The feat of the scout
4. Life continues
Conclusion
List of sources used
INTRODUCTION
The war, as you know, is not a female face, although the word "war" and female. Woman gives new lifeThat is precisely this high calling. But during the years of Military Liphetye, when the deadly danger hung over her children, her native land, she boldly embarked on their protection. Bid Hero Sanitary Intelligence War
During World War II, women took active participation In combat actions, in the rear, survived in the occupation zone. Also participated in the combat actions of a woman blocked Sevastopol and Leningrad. They were direct participants in the war. After the beginning of the Great Patriotic War in the USSR, the participation of women in the war was enshrined by law and their participation became universal. In addition to the USSR, women of Great Britain, America, Germany, France, and others participated in the war, Russian women carried the greatest severity of the tragedy of the Great Patriotic War. Soviet women served as television, flyers, nurses, intelligence, and in the rear of women mastered the hardest men's professions. In the cities and villages, where there was no rear, they became real heroes - built the defensive frontiers, under the ruptures of the bombs and shells stealing fires and disassembled the ruins, stood from the machines, cared for wounded and gave them their blood.
The contribution of women as a medical worker was huge. Medical workers who operated on wounded fighters, nurses who endured wounded fighters from the battlefield - are tens of thousands of female heroines whose names we almost do not know today. In the Red Army, women's medical workers were more than 100,000 people. These women are obliged to lives millions soviet soldiers and officers.
According to many fighters of the Red Army, in many shelves there were explosion women who were sent to a combat task with a low hope that they would return ...
During the war, 87 women became the heroes of the Soviet Union. And one of them is our shallow Masha, Maria Karpovna Bid.
1. Young Crimean Maria Bida
What would not survive, wherever a person probed, he always pulls into his native land ...
The february wind fell freely in the steppe, throws the barbed snowflakes in the face. From the car who stopped at the abandoned cat, the woman came out, carefully looked around and slowly went through the field. Her satellite did a few steps after and stopped, he realized that now she had nothing to talk about, but it was better to leave her alone with him.
A twelve-year-old girl left Masha Bida from his native village New Chuvash Krasnoperekopsky district, and now, thirty years later, she is again here. The village is no longer, there was a war over this land, destroying some of the houses, and from the surviving residents passed into more comfortable villages Samokish and Armenian.
But the stubborn memory suggests: Won "Lighthouse", against which our house was standing, and then the yards of the neighbors are the kindergarten of the Hut Belousov, rare acacia along the street, deep wells (kopanks), from where people took the bitter-salt water to drink and watering trees.
Mary Karpovna remembered, as she first went to school. As a matter of fact, there were no schools in the village. Thoughtful parents removed and purely blew up a long stable, put a rudely choped table, several benches and in such a class in 1931 for the guys got a new and old Chuvash and Karadzhanay began academic year. Only two months later they were transferred to Armenian, in a real school with parties and cool boardsettled in a beautiful spacious boarding school. But every week in any weather, schoolchildren were walking home for 12 kilometers.
Mother died in the 1930th year, when Masha was eight years old, and she, as older, had to be watching brothers and sisters, to conduct a household, otherwise to nursing other children.
Masha seems to be that now she feels the severity of the rocker on the shoulders: at dinner, the cattle, a ten-year-old Masha fled to the water, the ten-year-old Masha fled for three kilometers in order to have a cow, and then throwing the rocker over his shoulder, flexing under the severity of the buckets, returned In the village, in a hurry to spend milk through the separator.
In 1934, the Baid family moved to the coronary. Masha went to the 4th grade. Sometimes came to the school and the participants of the revolution and Civil War and told how they fought for Soviet power. Masha listened carefully, but it seemed to her what they were talking about, there was a long time ago and never happen again. The country lived peacefully and then schoolchildren did not suspect that they would soon have to fight.
Masha dreamed of becoming a surgeon, work in a big bright hospital, treat people, return their health and joy.
IN medical School After the 7th grade, she did not get, but the dream did not change - went to work in a nurse to the military hospital. In 1939, Masha entered the Komsomol. Immediately a lot of public affairs and unresolved issues appeared. With excitement and anxieties, the Komsomol residents fled with all bewilders. It's not so easy after a labor day to run 36 kilometers from the remoteness to Armenian, but Masha remembers that ten, and at eleven o'clock in the evening, Raykom Komsomol met them open door and friendly lights in the windows. Returned from there soothered, funny, with songs, stamped with bare feet on a dusty country road (the shoes needed to take care), poured sometimes at sunrise, and in the morning they went to work in the morning.
Three years worked Masha in the military hospital. Never thought the girl to wear an army overhang and soldiers' boots, but at the nineteen years old became a soldier, because Hitler's hordes came to his native land and began a long, exhausting, carrying millions of lives, the path to victory.
2. "Get up, the country is huge, get up for the death fight ..."
In September 1941, fierce battles on the skeleton were lit up at the skeleton with coming German fascist troops. Tens of cars and the supply with injuries reached into the depths of the peninsula. Many of them stayed in the village of removal, which was not far from the front. Together with other women, a nineteen-year-old Maria Bida tied to them wounds, she looked and fed, washing bandages.
And then the columns of our troops stretched through the village, retreated under the head of the enemy. Masha, who simplifies the prisoner, was in the San perherts of one of the regiments, which was moving around to Sevastopol. The first months of battles for Sevastopol Maria was a nurse, then - by the Sanningor of the 514th rifle regiment (172nd Infantry Division, Primorsk Army, North Caucasian Front). Saved the wounded, taught them others. How many of them made from the battlefield? I did not remember, more precisely, I did not count. The busy was one thing: to find a fighter or commander in the fire in the fire, tear the wounds yes drag it to a more or less safe place. Do not forget at the same time and his weapon - each rifle in Sevastopol was registered.
Then I had to go for the "tongue" with the scouts, to participate in battles, fight the enemy in hand-to-hand fights. Knowing that the platoon of intelligence Baid was enrolled after her insistent requests, it was once asked:
What prompted you to go to scouts? Romance of dangerous combat work?
Maria Karpovna was surprised:
What romance? I saw so much blood and suffering that I just frank my heart. Could not forget the destroyed huts, killed children, old people and women. On the battlefield on my eyes, people were sitting. The young people were dying, in the flourish of forces - they would still live yes to live, work for happiness! So it was decided to leave medical work. I had strength and dexterity. I knew how to shoot, however, not as Lyudmila Pavlichenko (a woman-sniper, hero of the Soviet Union). Could move imperceptibly and silently, to freely navigate the terrain - after all, often looking for the wounded, they had to crawl on the "drawing" strip, a few dozen meters from German troops ...
Not everything, of course, at first did the young scout. Maria Karpovna remembered how one day she had to drag a captured Ober-Efreitor. The Nazis turned out to be a hefty, and even all the time resisted, although his hands were connected. In general, I had to tinker with this "tongue", it was detained myself and detained comrades. As a result, one scout died, the other was injured. For the violation of the discipline received the three days of Gaupvakta from the commander. True, I did not get serving.
Two hours in two, "Mary Karpovna recalled," I was released, ordered me to dress "female" (we usually went to the halifa and boots) and appear in the headquarters. There was a question of the prisoner. I look - "Language", which I drew. I repeat about the arrival. And here they ask the prisoner: "do you know?" ...
Then they told me that at the interrogation, the German refused to answer and all told: "Rus, Cuth!". Carefully looking at me, the Nazis suddenly worried, his face distorted Grimas, and he began to speak quickly and evil. Translator barely managed to translate: "How, this woman captured me? - surprised Verlie. -- Can not be! I have passed the half-Europe victorious. And then got into the hands of the Russian woman? ".
I do not know how our meeting has worn on the captive, only he became talkative, and our intelligence commander then thanked the whole group, well, including me, for the "language", which gave valuable information about the defense system.
3. The feat of the scout
It is possible to describe the exploits in different ways: to officially state a collection about the heroes of the war in the passionist about the heroes of the war, embrace the fictional details on the reversal of the newspaper or transfer the words and thoughts of the person who made this feat. One thing is clear: the greatness of the feat will not fade from this, as well as glory, and the memory of all the well-known and unnamed fighters of the Great Patriotic. So, the feat:
Sanningor 514th pp. Shelf (172nd Infantry Division, Primorsk Army, North Caucasian Front), Komsomolka, Senior Sergeant Bid in one of the battles for Sevastopol in May 1942 freed from the captivity of the Soviet commander and several fighters, destroying from the machine 15 enemy soldiers and another 4th - in a hand-to-handing battle with an applusion of a machine gun.
What is surprising, in this battle she remained alive, just got into the hospital. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was assigned on June 20, 1942. (famile information Site "Rod Baida" Pomnipro.ru\u003e MemoryPage17953 / BIOGRAPHY)
On June 7, 1942, the fascists took another assault on Sevastopol. Rota scouts, which fought Maria Bida, held defense in the area of \u200b\u200bMekenziev Mountains. Despite the numerous superiority, the Nazis could not break the desperate resistance of the Soviet fighters. Maria was in the very epicenter of "Movie Ada", but showed himself like a brave, sometimes even an over-desperate fighter - when the cartridges ended in the machine, the girl fearlessly joined through the bars, returning to the trophy machines and shops to them. During one of these bales, the German pomegranate was broken near it - the girl's contudate and injured in his head lost consciousness.
Bida came to himself closer in the late afternoon - it was already dark. As it turned out later, the fascists broke through the defense of the right of intelligence positions and went to the rear. Over the entire company, one officer remained alive and one and a half dozen fighters - the wounded they were taken by the fascists. Quickly appreciating the situation (in the trenches of the scouts there were no more than 20 Nazis, and they were all in one place - not far from the prisoners), Maria decided to attack. Due to the surprise and the correct reaction of prisoner scouts, which in turn attacked the Germans, as soon as Maria opened fire on the enemy from the machine, all the fascists were destroyed. Perfectly knowing the scheme of minefields, under the cover of the darkness Maria Bida brought the wounded fighters to her ...
Fight on June 7, 1942, I remembered to the smallest details. On this day, the Germans began the third assault on Sevastopol. We were in combat guardation. Not yet dawn, like fascist aircraft appeared above our positions. They rushed endless flocks, throwing large and small bombs on us. Bomb strikes joined shell breakdowns. Everything around trembled in a frantic dance.
We were literally pressed into the ground. "Hold on Earth, Maria! She will not give out ... "It shouts, overlapping the roar, Misha Mosenko, he lies beside. Found the guy time for jokes! But the words of him gave vigor.
Skilled sky. And soon the fiery shaft shoved to us in the rear, and then we saw the sown in the offensive of the Nazis. Fight broke out. Opened fire and we. Misha - from the German machine gun - his yesterday's trophy.
During the battle, a group of fascists got on me, and without any caution. Apparently, having heard the knock of my trophy machine, the Nazis decided that it was hiking. So stumbled as an officer, trying to move through the ditch, got up to the whole height. I immediately took it off with a single shot. Soldier rushed to him - she laid it. And the car guns will crawl and crawl. More than a dozen laid them. In general, we shot off the attack. And then the Germans again climbed.
I look, the grass has shuffled, she was high there, to a meter. His yours or someone else? Closer, closer ... And I have no cartridges, no grenade remains. Here, in several centimeters, a German helmet and shoulder straps appeared - the fascist! There is no time for meditation. I was swollen and the automatic with all the power of the Nazis on the head. She picked up his automatic, pulled out from him because of the top of the two full clips and opened fire again. During the battle, it suddenly felt a burn and a sharp pain in the temple and in hand: it was dugged out the pomegranates. I woke up when Misha bandaged his head ...
Begging all day, it is often affected by hand-to-hand fights. The cartridges were collected from serious and killed. By the end of the day we were surrounded. When it was dark, all those who survived our intelligence officers were gathered, the ten man did. All the wounded, with the exception of Misha. I hear, young Red Armyman (he came to us shortly before that) says frightened: "How can we come out now: the Germans around?".
The German conversation really came to us - the Nazis were near. "I will give out, do not worry! - I'm calmer as calmly I say, although I also worry too. - I know every bus here. " The terrain really was familiar to me: before several times behind the green bow on a neutral strip made his way. But on our way - mine fields. Find a path between them?
Moved up crawl across the deep ditch. Crawled long. But there must already be a path, and it is not all. And once there is no time. I stopped the fighters, got up and went. Now the main danger is mines. I go, and in my head one: blowing away or not? Finally, here it is a path. In general, everything went well, went to their.
Severely sent to the hospital. I managed to return to my intelligence after the dressing. And again fights. In one of them, the wounded head was very hurt, other wounds were given themselves to know: began to bleed, the temperature rose.
Soon I was taken to the hospital, in the inkerman gallery. Here, at the hospital bed, I learned that I was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. (From the memories of M. K. Baida)
4. Life continues
After the seizure of Sevastopol's fascists, Masha Bida, heavily wounded, with a broken foot he captured.
Later she remembered:
Probably, God supported me. Otherwise, how could I with such a foot, to which instead of plaster, reinforcement lattices were recorded, to reach the prisoners of war, customized by shots and cools, from Sevastopol to Simferopol?
Captive kept courageously and persistently. Passed the concentration camps, Ravensbrüc. In Austria, managed to move to the camp for civilians. He worked on a forestry in the Austrian Alps, while the den had fallen into the Gestapo dungeons. Released from Gestapo by American troops on May 8, 1945. The soldiers who liberated the camp carried her from the chamber in the middle.
After the war was demobilized. Only in 1946, Maria returned to his homeland, lying in hospitals for a long time, health was returned slowly and reluctantly. Maria Karpovna moved several operations, but until the end of the life, old wounds were given themselves to know.
Years of war, cruel tests that fell on her share did not break Maria Karpovna. She and in a mature age was beautiful, cheerful, with a soft smile. Looking at her face emitting spiritual warmth, calm, it was difficult to imagine her in cruel battle.
Working M. K. Bida headed by the registry office of the Sevastopol City Executive Committee, for 28 years of work, she gave a farewell and presented a certificate of marriage registration about 60,000 young couples, registered more than 70,000 newborns. Repeatedly elected by a deputy of the city council.
The order of Lenin;
Order of the Patriotic War I degree;
Medal of Honor";
Medals "Golden Star".
Conclusion
Unfortunately, Maria Karpovna is no longer with us. Stayed memories of meetings with her yes separate entries conversations. And also - human gratitude and memory ...
The name of Mary Karpovna Baida is listed on a memorial plaque dedicated to the defenders of Sevastopol, who received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the defense of Sevastopol.
Since 1976, she has been an honorary citizen of the city of Sevastopol.
September 20, 2005, three years after her death, it was decided to assign the Children's Park in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Odessa street "Komsomol Park named after the Hero Soviet Union Maria Baida."
According to statistics, during the war years, more than 980,000 women were called into the ranks of the Red Army. These women participated in hostilities, they served in air defense troops, led bombers, were snipers, sappers and nurses. In the USSR used to the fact that the woman serves in the army shoulder to the shoulder with men. This was a monstrous reality and a colossal, invaluable contribution to the victory in the fight against the German-fascist invaders.
List of sources used
1. Bid M.K. - Star Hero of the Soviet Union № 6183 (website http://mos-dv.ru/?p\u003d7225)
2. Essay "Sevastopol Waltz" on the website "Ukraine Orthodox"
3. Family site "Rod Baida" Pomnipro.ru\u003e MemoryPage17953 / BIOGRAPHY
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Today, June 7, Sevastopol recalls the feat of Maria Karpovna Baida, which she accomplished exactly 74 years ago. In 1942, the sanitary instructor of the 514th rifle regiment in the fight with the enemy from the machine destroyed 15 soldiers and officers, four soldiers killed the butter, hes off the commander and 8 fighters, captured the machine gun and enemy machine guns. For the courage she was assigned the title Hero of the Soviet Union.
Nurse and sniper
Maria was born in one of the villages of the Black Sea region of Crimea in the peasant family, since childhood dreamed of a doctor's career. The war began. The 20-year-old Masha helped save the wounded in the hospital. But at some point, the girl decided to save lives in the hospital ward, but in battle - he was recorded in the 35th fighter battalion.
Sniper case was taught by a foreman-border guard, "recalls a friend of front-line, counter-admiral retired Sergey Rybak. - Mastery is not easy. You need to choose the position correctly, be able to disguise. After each shot, turn on a moment for 20-50 meters from its place, life depended on it. The position where the sniper shot was separated, the fascists were immediately covered with mortar fire. Maria drove hard - daily made 10-15 training shots.
Summer 42nd. Our troops retreated to Sevastopol. Here cars battalion joined the 514th regiment of the 172nd division of the Primorsk army. Chose hard heroic defense Hero city, stretching for 250 days.
On June 7, the Army of Manstein has already made the assault on the third time. Rota scouts together with Maria kept the defense at the foot of the Mekenziev Mountains. The girl was in the hottest point of fierce contractions - the fire was fire on the fascists and managed to bandage the wounded.
By the end of the day, one officer and 15 fighters remained in the detachment. Pomegranates and cartridges ended, the Germans went to the offensive. To help reconnaissance to keep the enemy, Maria Bida hid around the corner of the trench, squeezed the machine for the trunk and hid.
In the rustling of herb, it defined when the German appears, and with all his strength beat his butt. Invested in every blow all the hatred of the fascists and pain for their homeland. Putting four, the girl took the gun from the defeated enemies and shops to them and distributed their own. The fight continued. When the ammunition ended, Marusya jaked across the trench, hesitated the weapons from the Germans and attributed it to his own.
Pomegranate rushed next to the explosion. Bida received a fragmentary wound in the head, lost consciousness. At this time, the enemy caught the position of scouts from the rear. When "fearless Marusya" - so nicknamed her defenders of Sevastopol - came to himself, she saw that the fascists captured the remnants of her detachment. Despite the hard wound, the girl managed to quickly rate the situation. The machine was at hand. On that day, Marusya destroyed 16 fascists: 15 soldiers and one officer. And waiting for the darkness, led the saved fellow soldiers to his.
"Night has come. Mad attacks fascists sthoted. Maria and her comrades who all day warped in the environment, decided to make their way to their. The girl bypassed the trench, picked up eight wounded fighters, bandaged them. And everyone said straight and honestly:
There are few here. Almost all injured. But if we stick together, the Germans will not take us. I know here every bush. We will try.
Caution, trying not to hurt branches, do not knock with heels boots about stones, they went ahead. A German speech was heard around in the dark. It was scared for comrades, weighing and wounded, but Maria firmly led fighters to the battalion. She knew: somewhere on the way - mine fields. And the girl went first ...
To the left of the path, according to which the fighters went carefully, he was heard. The girl listened and immediately decided:
Our! The Germans squeeze, and this moaning calmly.
And indeed, in the bushes lay a foreman of a neighboring company. Maria bandaged him, helped stand up, and he joined the group. Three hours they walked through the darkness and danger. Wounds were rooted, the blood appeared on the darkens made, but people walked, encouraged by a wonderful girl ...
The clock immediately recognized it. Fighters surrounded the girl. Everyone began to harm her hands ... ".
Survived in the camps
On the assignment of the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union for bringing his comrades from the environment and put a one-year-old ten Germans, Maria has already found out in the hospital, where he fell after a hard battle.
The heroic defense of Sevastopol was completed. The surviving defenders of the city-hero, among whom were Marusya, tried to break through to the partisans in the mountains, but during the transition between the rocks, the fascists were covered with fire. Heavyly wounded Maria Baid on July 12, 1942, captured the Nazis.
She spent three years in the fascist concentration camps of "Slavuta" in the Khmelnitsky region, No. 360 in Rivne and Ravensbrück in Northeast Germany. There Maria, like everyone, suffered from hunger, but did not surrender. Even in captivity, she has established cooperation with underground. When the provocateurs betrayed it, the SS officer came to interrogate the Soviet girl from Western Ukraine. Marusya did not give out his own, and for this, the fascist knocked her teeth.
It seemed that the whole world was gray, there are no more paints. Dragged rains, cold, convoir atrocities and smoke from the pipes of crematoriums, - Mary Karpovna camp in Rivne was remembered.
Together with other prisoners in May 1945, it was freed from the concentration camps of American troops. In 1946, Marusya returned to his native Sevastopol. The captivity did not pass without a trace, she restored health in hospitals.
Connected thousands of hearts
Half a century of the Hero of the Soviet Union Maria Bida lived along with her husband Stepan Fedorovich Eliseev. He worked as a driver on a medical machine, drove out doctors in office trips. They met in Gurzoufe shortly after the war, the wedding was played in 1947. Family friends say that Bid and Eliseev lived a soul in the soul. Maybe therefore, in the post-war history of Sevastopol, Maria Bida entered as a person who connected thousands of hearts.
After the war, the former intelligence officer found "his" work - became the head of the registry office. Over the years, more than 60 thousand marriages and 700 thousand newborns have been registered here, recalls the Baida Svetlana Zharikov colleague. With her, the local registry office has repeatedly been recognized as the best in the country. Today they are headed by the daughter Svetlana.
It was Maria Bida who offered to create registered schools in Sevastopol in honor of the heroes of the Soviet Union. The idea was supported - now in the city-hero 17 of these schools.
Frontoviki friend, counter-admiral Sergey Rybak often holds her grave Photo: Evgeny Gaivoronsky
"Fearless Marusi" did not become in August 2002. Her grave at the Memorial Cemetery of Communards in Sevastopol is always fresh flowers.
Honorary Citizen of the City Hero Sevastopol, Hero of the Soviet Union
Born on February 1, 1922 in the village of Novoseliy Ak-Moshetsky district of the Crimean ASSR (now the Black Sea Area of \u200b\u200bthe Autonomous Republic of Crimea) in the peasant family. In 1936 he graduated from incomplete high School in jankan.
After the end of the seven-year-old Masha began to work in the surgical department of the local hospital, help sisters and sanitary. Her first teacher, the old surgeon Nikolai Vasilyevich said: "You, Masha, kind heart And deft hands. " In it, always assembled, hardworking, ready for the most difficult, he guess a person who melts a lot of heart heat. Masha was going to keep exams in medical equipment, they should have started on August 1, 1941.
But she struck an hour, and the girl who dreamed of surgery, without thinking, became the "attorney" of the Great Patriotic War. As part of the Brigade of Medikov, Maria went to sanitary trains, helped changing the dressings, wash and feed the wounded. One of the raids pulled out of the wagon of an elderly soldier in bloody bandages. He said softly: "Daughter, I'm not afraid to die, one regret, destroyed the fascist gadine" ... I have to take his place in the ranks, "the girl solid is solid. So she became a fighter of the 35th Fighter Battalion to combat enemy parachutists and easers.
1942 ... After heavy fighting, our troops went away to Kerch and Sevastopol. Under Sevastopol Machines, the battalion joined the 514th regiment of the 172nd division, which is part of the Primorsk army. The heroic defense of Sevastopol began. 250 days of unshakable courage!
The attacks of the enemy followed one after another, the Nazis moved along the corpses of their soldiers and officers, the ranks and ranks of the city defenders. Masha felt the horror in front of the barbaric extermination of people and could not get used to the death of friends. She walked, crawled, fled among hellish fire, hurried to save the life of every wounded, everyone to protect from the enemy, let the price of his own life.
An experienced and bold Maria began to be appointed in combat hiking and in intelligence, where she assisted wounded and covered with fire when waside. Lychim guys from intelligence very much went to the soul of a cheerful and intelligent divine, who knows how to step silently, "feline", as only true scouts can walk. And besides, Masha is a faithful eye, a quick reaction and the main thing - a bold heart, boiling with hatred of the enemy. And soon the Senior Sergeant Maria Bida is a fighter of intelligence. Then she was taken to the Communist Party.
At the dawn of the Seventh of June, the fascist troops, possessing a large superiority in a living force and technique, began a new assault on Sevastopol. The reconnaissance platoon reflected the attacks of the fascist infantry at the site of the Belbek Soviet garden at the foot of the Mekenziev Mountains. Maria Bida was in the very center of the bloody porridge, the automatic fire led, bandaged the wounded. When ammunition ends, she shut down a lightning throw through the tank bar and returned with trophy machines. The explosion of her grenades stunned and wounded in the head. Having come to themselves, climbed the wound to the wound and continued to fight. When the fascists in the evening, the fascists managed to break through the defense at the site of the neighboring company and from the flank to bypass the intelligence officers, Bida suffered all wounded into the shelter and organized a circular defense. At dusk and thickets of high grass, the Nazis stumbled several times right on them, but Masha always had time to throw the machine the first ... under the cover of the night, well knowing the location of minefields, brought the wounded to her.
For this feat, the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 20, 1942, the senior sergeant Bid Maria Karpovna was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and the medal "Golden Star".
She remained in the ranks last days Defense Sevastopol.12 July 1942, being seriously wounded, Maria came to captivity. Passed the concentration camps, Ravensbrüc. In Austria she managed to move to camp for civilians. Worked on the forestry in the Austrian Alps. According to the denunciation, Gestapo was arrested. From the captivity is relieved by American troops on May 8, 1945.
In 1946 she returned to Janka. After some time, she moved to permanent residence in Sevastopol. First time MK Bida worked in the catering system. Then the city committee of the party sent it to lead the "Palace of Marriage". From 1961 to 1987 he was heading Sevastopol urban registry office. For 28 years, she gave a farewell and presented a certificate of marriage registration about 60,000 young couples, registered more than 70,000 newborns. In her honor, a memorial plaque was installed on the building of the Leninsky district of Sevastopol.
Maria Karpovna has repeatedly elected by the deputy of the city council. In 1976, by the decision of the Sevastopol City Council, the title "Honorary Citizen of the Hero City Sevastopol" was assigned to her. On September 20, 2005, it was decided to assign the name "Komsomolsky Park named after the Hero of the Soviet Union Maria Baida." Her name is carved on the plane of the Memorial heroic defenders of Sevastopol in 1941-1942.
He was awarded the orders of Lenin, the Patriotic War of the I degree, the medals of the Golden Star, "for courage" and other awards.
Maria Karpovna died, August 30, 2002. Resting on the Cemetery of Communards in Sevastopol.
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