E) implementation of measures to ensure the defense of the country. A) public funds

How to properly prepare for social studies:

It takes constant practice.
- Pay special attention to the Unified State Exam in Social Studies 2019. The demo version from FIPI will help you understand the structure of the ticket, understand the requirements. will guide you on what topics you need to study.
- Prepared for the solution 10 training options with answers. They are designed by teachers based on demo version.
- The more tests are solved, the higher the preparedness will be, since the memorization mechanism is triggered. Do not be lazy to work on mistakes. Decide online tests every week until you make a mistake. Registered users on the site can track the statistics of the solved tests.
Schedule your time correctly on the decision training tests to get the maximum score.
- Tasks 1-3 and 10 are solved in 1-4 minutes;
- Tasks 4-9 and 11-28 are given from 2 to 8 minutes;
- Assignments 29 - 45 minutes.
Work with text

Converting points to grades

0-41 points - "unsatisfactory";
42-54 points - "three";
55-66 points - "good";
67 points and above - "excellent".

The minimum is 42 and the maximum is 100.

The USE test in social studies consists of:

Part 1- of 20 problems, with a short answer in the form of a word, a few words or numbers. Half of the assignments are related to basic level, the other part to elevated. The first part is worth 35 primary points.
Part 2- of 9 problems, with a detailed answer. Tasks 21 and 22 are basic, and from 23 to 29 - from increased complexity and is estimated at 30 points. See with a detailed answer on social studies.

Remember!

In 2019, the social studies exam will be 235 minutes (3 hours 55 minutes).
It is forbidden to take with you foreign objects (cribs, smartphones, headphones, smart watches, etc.).
On the last day before the exam, repeat the material you covered, look again at the solved options.

Answers to tasks 1–20 are a number, or a sequence of numbers, or a word (phrase). Write your answers in the fields to the right of the assignment number without spaces, commas, or other additional characters.

Write down the word that is missing in the table.

In the given row, find a concept that is generalizing for all the other concepts presented. Write down this word (phrase).

Classroom; labor collective; parental family; socialization agent; MASS MEDIA:

A number of terms are listed below. All of them, with the exception of two, relate to the concept of "social regression".

1) movement, 2) change, 3) technical revolution, 4) improvement, 5) decline, 6) degradation.

Find two terms "out of the ordinary", and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Please select correct judgments about the truth and its criteria and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1. True knowledge always corresponds to the cognized object.

2. The criterion of true knowledge is its compliance with the interests of the knowing subject.

3. Relative truth is knowledge that changes as the possibilities of cognition develop.

4. Truth is associated with the conditions of place, time, etc., which must be taken into account in the process of cognition.

5. True knowledge is always shared by most people.

Establish a correspondence between the characteristics and the corresponding types of worldview

Country Z is dominated by extensive technology and hand tools. What other signs indicate that country Z is developing as a traditional society? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1.the main social units are the tribe and the large family

2.there is an increase in the urban population

3.Oral information prevails over written information

4.intensively developing infrastructure

5.Scientific knowledge is widely disseminated

6. subsistence farming dominates

Choose the correct judgments about unemployment and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1. In a market economy, there is a natural level of unemployment.

2. Seasonal unemployment is caused by structural changes in the economy.

3. Mass unemployment is accompanied by a decline in the standard of living of the majority of the population.

4. The impossibility of employment due to differences in the structure of demand and supply of labor services of different qualifications generates cyclical unemployment.

5. Lack of awareness of the unemployed about suitable vacancies can be the cause of frictional unemployment.

Establish a correspondence between characteristics and types of competition (competitive markets): for each item given in the first column, select the corresponding item from the second column.

You are asked to prepare a presentation on factors of production. Which of the following can be included in the Labor as a Factor of Production slide? Write down the numbers under which are indicated. Relevant provisions.

1. Factor income - profit.

2. Factor income is the employee's wages.

3. All types of natural resources available on the planet and suitable for the production of life benefits.

4. The limitation of this factor is due to the volume of the money supply in circulation.

5. The activity of people in the production of goods and services by using their physical and intellectual capabilities, professional skills and experience.

6. The limitedness of this factor is due to the number of able-bodied population; its territorial location, professional structure, religious and cultural traditions, etc.

Choose the correct judgments about social conflicts and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1. Social conflicts can be both constructive and destructive.

2. Failure to understand the causes of conflict can lead to an increase in its scale.

3. The parties to the conflict in the course of its development are able to unite to achieve their goals.

4. One of the ways to resolve social conflict is to continue confrontation.

5. Social conflict is always generated by economic reasons.

Scientists have studied the consumer behavior of residents of countries Z and Y during the economic crisis. The histogram shows data (in% of the number of respondents) on how consumer demand has changed during the year.

Find in the list below the conclusions that can be drawn from the diagram, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1. The share of those who began to buy products of cheaper brands in country Z is greater than in country Y.

2. Equal shares of respondents in both surveys indicated that they refused to buy some products.

3. The share of those who began to buy fewer products and go to the store less often in country Z is greater than in country Y.

4. Among those surveyed in country Z, the share of those who refused to buy some products is higher than the share of those who believed that the crisis did not affect consumer demand.

5. Among the respondents in country Y, the proportion of those who began to buy fewer products, went to the store less often, and the proportion of those who buy products of cheaper brands is greater.

Choose the correct judgments about the political elite and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1. The political elite is a small independent group ready to make political decisions.

2. The political elite is a group of people that is the source of power in any state.

3. The main functions of the political elite include the production and consumption of material goods.

4. The political elite nominates political leaders.

5. With respect to state power single out the ruling elite and the counter-elite.

Establish a correspondence between the issues and the subjects of state power of the Russian Federation, to whose jurisdiction they relate

Head of State Z is the supreme commander of the state's armed forces. What other signs indicate that the form of government of state Z is a monarchy? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1. The head of state receives power by inheritance.

2. The most distinguished people are among the advisers to the head of state.

3. Laws are passed by the parliament elected by the citizens.

4. The state consists of several administrative-territorial units.

5. The head of state uses his power for life.

6. Upon taking office, the head of state takes an oath.

Which of the following applies to the constitutional obligations of a citizen of the Russian Federation? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1.protection of the Fatherland

2.payment of legally established taxes and fees

3.participation in the management of state affairs

4.choice of occupation and profession

5.preservation of historical and cultural heritage

What is included in the system of law? Select the required items from the list below and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1.legal custom

2.the rule of law

3. branch of law

4.legal sanction

5.institute of law

6.judicial precedent

Establish a correspondence between actions and elements of the legal status of an employee in the Russian Federation: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Kirill Arkadievich is a prosecutor. Find in the list below the actions that are within the purview of the prosecutor and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1.represent and defend the interests of the accused in court

2. make copies of documents

3.to carry out criminal prosecution on behalf of the state in the course of criminal proceedings

4. to ensure the legality and validity of the public prosecution in the course of judicial proceedings in a criminal case

5.to supervise the implementation of laws

6. to draw up wills, to certify the accuracy of the signature

Read the text below where a number of words are missing. Select from the provided list the words to be inserted in place of the blanks.

“The political elite is one of the __________ (A) politicians. It belongs to the institutional component __________ (B). This is a narrow circle of persons exercising power in society. In __________ (B), it is customary to divide this social stratum into two groups. The first relies on land ownership, __________ (D), religion, origin, therefore it belongs to the traditional type. The basis of the second, modern group is political knowledge, experience, __________ (D) in matters of social life. It is difficult to get into the first group, the main __________ (E) selection of people becomes their origin and personal devotion. The members of the second group also regulate the process of the arrival of new persons, but the main requirement is professionalism. "

Words (phrases) in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word (phrase) can be used only once.

Choose sequentially one word (phrase) after another, mentally filling in each gap. Please note that there are more words (phrases) in the list than you need to fill in the blanks.

List of terms:

1.political system of society

2.social structure of society

3.competence

4.criterion

5.the subject

6.economics

7.wealth

9.political science

Part 2.

First write down the task number (28, 29, etc.), and then the detailed answer to it. Write down the answers clearly and legibly.

Read the text and complete assignments 21-24.

The main contradiction that I faced modern man, this is a sharp discrepancy between the biological and social capabilities of a person and the civilizational capabilities that the world, built according to the latest achievements of science and technology, gives him. Because of what the problem arises: to what state is the world heading? The first option: it can be a more developed, economically, politically, morally and otherwise progressing world. But there may be another option: a world that is degrading in some of these relations or in all of them at once. But so far only one thing is clear: humanity ... received by the beginning of the XXI century. at their disposal are very powerful means of influencing both nature and society ...

Man as a socio-biological being functions at the junction of two opposite types of necessities. Needs of the first type are a combination of biological, social and other needs. Among them, the leading ones are the needs coming from human body... A person needs to eat, drink, rest, need some minimum level of comfort, some kind of personal social circle, etc. All this, in a certain context, can serve as the basis for the egoistic strategies of human existence. So, at the center of such strategies can be placed the well-being of one specific person, one family, (some circle of people connected by blood or business ties, etc. ...

Necessities of the second type are associated with social and spiritual content. human consciousness and, first of all, with moral and ethical norms, among which the human conscience comes first, understood in different ways by different philosophical schools. But all these schools agree on one thing: it is conscience that is an integral component of such experiences as compassion, altruism, heroism, etc. Conscience is also one of the components of spirituality ... Situation modern life is such that ... lack of spirituality begins to permeate the entire society, and one of its most dangerous consequences is a decrease in the sense of responsibility of the individual. Such a decrease in the responsibility of the individual can be carried out in a certain "corridor" - from inattention to the object of communication or control, etc. to complete disregard for his needs and interests. If the spiritless person finds himself in the vital points of the state, economic, political, etc. mechanism, then its inadequate actions can lead to various kinds of cataclysms.

(T. D. Sterledeva, R. K. Sterledev)

What are the two types of necessities of human existence noted by the authors? What is the main contradiction, according to the authors, faced by modern man?

Show Answer

Elements:

1) two types of needs (answer to the first question): a set of biological, social and other needs; the needs associated with the social and spiritual content of human consciousness;

2) contradiction (answer to the second question): a sharp discrepancy between the biological or social capabilities of a person and the civilizational capabilities that the world, built on the latest achievements of science and technology, gives him.

The elements of the answer can be given in other, similar formulations.

Show Answer

The correct answer should contain the following the elements:

1) answer to the question: one of the most dangerous consequences of lack of spirituality is a decrease in the sense of responsibility of the individual;

(The answer to the question can be given in a different formulation that is similar in meaning.)

2) judgment that reveals the contradictory influence of mass culture on the spirituality of an individual, for example: works of mass culture often promote violence, which negatively affects the spirituality of an individual; at the same time, mass culture (within the framework of educational programs) makes it possible for the ordinary viewer to join the masterpieces of world culture. A different judgment may be expressed.

A judgment that reveals not the contradictory influence of mass culture, but only any of the aspects of influence, is not counted in the assessment

The authors argue that humanity received by the beginning of the XXI century. very powerful means of influencing nature and society. Name any one means of influencing nature and any one means of influencing society and illustrate with examples the action of each of the means.

Show Answer

The correct answer should include means of influence and the corresponding examples:

1) nuclear energy (for example, after an accident at a nuclear power plant, all components were exposed to radioactive contamination natural environment region);

2) electronic media (for example, under the influence of media information, citizens began to massively buy foreign currency, creating crisis situation in the banking sector).

Other means of influence can be named, other examples are given

The authors offered two possible answers to the question: to what state is the world heading? Which of these answer options seems more reasonable to you? Using social science knowledge, provide three evidences of your opinion.

Show Answer

The correct answer should contain the following the elements:

1) answer to a question: a more developed, progressive world OR a degrading world;

2) confirmation:

in the case of choosing the first answer to the question it can be said that

The duration, level and quality of life of people is growing;

Science and technology are actively developing;

Democracy and civil society are developing;

if you choose the second option to answer the question it can be said that

V modern world wars do not stop, millions of people suffer from hunger and disease;

There is a large gap in the quality of life of the population of the most developed ("golden billion") and the poorest countries of the world;

Popular culture broadcasts works that are incompatible with moral values, ideas of beauty.

Other confirmations of the chosen point of view may be given.

What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "inflation"? Drawing on knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences: one sentence containing information about the cause (s) of inflation, and one sentence revealing the essence of any type of inflation.

Show Answer

The correct answer should contain the following the elements:

1) meaning of concept, for example: inflation is the process of depreciation of money and a decrease in their purchasing power, manifested in growth general level prices;

(A different, similar definition or explanation of the meaning of the concept may be given.)

2) one sentence with information about the cause (s) of inflation based on knowledge of the exchange rate, for example: One of the causes of inflation is the unjustified growth of the money supply;

(Another proposal may be made containing information on the cause (s) of inflation.)

3) one sentence, revealing, based on knowledge of the course, the essence of any type of inflation, for example: Creeping inflation is characterized by an average annual price increase of 3-5%.

(Another sentence may be drawn up that reveals, based on knowledge of the course, the essence of any type of inflation.)

Based on social science knowledge, personal experience simulate a specific situation that illustrates negative deviant behavior. Give three examples of informal negative sanctions possible in this case.

Show Answer

The response should contain the following the elements:

1) model of the situation negative deviant behavior: K. let down his workmates: he did not fulfill the circumstances he had taken upon himself to organize an evening dedicated to the anniversary of the oldest employee of the firm;

2) three examples informal negative sanctions, for example:

Some of his colleagues refused to shake hands with him when they met;

Some of his colleagues reprimanded him;

The artist drew a caricature.

Another relevant situation can be simulated and other relevant examples of sanctions are given.

In country Z, the government is formed by the winning bloc of parties. Deputy seats (mandates) in the legislative assembly are distributed among the lists of candidates in proportion to the votes cast for the lists of candidates, if these parties have overcome the 5% barrier. What type is the electoral system of country Z? What is the name of the other type of electoral system? What is the difference between these two systems? What is any common feature of electoral systems in a democratic society?

Show Answer

The correct answer should contain the following the elements:1) type of- proportional electoral system; 2) another type- majoritarian electoral system: 3) difference, for example: in the proportional system, voters vote for party lists, and not for specific candidates, as in the majoritarian system. (Another difference can be formulated); 4) common feature, for example: - general equal elections by secret ballot; - alternative nature of elections; - candidates provide information on their income Other common features of these electoral systems in a democratic society can be cited

You have been instructed to prepare a detailed answer on the topic “System of Russian law”. Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.

Show Answer

One of the options for the disclosure plan for this topic

1. The concept of the system of law.

2. The main elements of the legal system:

a) the rule of law;

b) the institution of law;

c) branch of law.

3. The main branches of Russian law:

b) civil law;

c) labor law;

d) criminal law;

e) criminal procedure law, etc.

4. Substantive and procedural law (subparagraphs may be given).

5. Public law:

a) constitutional (state) law;

b) criminal law;

c) administrative law, etc.

6. Private law:

a) civil law;

b) business law, etc.

7. The Constitution of the Russian Federation in the system of Russian law.

8. Reflection of the characteristics of social development in the system of law.

A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan are possible. They can be presented in denomination, question or mixed forms.

By completing task 29, you can show your knowledge and skills on the content that is more attractive to you. For this purpose, select only ONE of the statements below (29.1-29.5).

Choose one of the statements below, reveal its meaning in the form of a mini-essay, indicating, if necessary, different aspects of the problem posed by the author (the topic raised).

When expressing your thoughts on the problem raised (the designated topic), when arguing your point of view, use the knowledge gained in studying the course of social studies, the relevant concepts, as well as the facts of social life and your own life experience... (Give at least two examples from various sources for factual reasoning.)

29.1. Philosophy"How fewer people know, the more extensive their knowledge seems to them. " (J.-J. Rousseau)

29.2. Economy“Questions: what? as? and for whom? producing would not be a problem if resources were not limited. " (P. Samuelson)

29.3. Sociology, social Psychology "Man is a fundamental novelty in nature." (N.A. Berdyaev)

29.4. Political science“The main achievement of democracy is the right to say“ no. ”(Yu. Nesterenko)

29.5. Jurisprudence"A wise legislator does not begin by issuing laws, but by examining their suitability for a given society." (J.-J. Rousseau)

We analyze tasks 4, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 18 Unified State Exam in Social Studies

Test tasks 4, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 18 Unified State Exam in Social Studies test knowledge of various topics. It was due to the expansion of such tasks that the exam test in 2016. These tasks can test any of the areas of society and consist of several answers. The exact number of correct answers is not fixed. And this circumstance is another difficulty of these tasks.

Let's talk about the technology for completing tasks 4, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 18 of the USE in social studies. Each task is evaluated with two primary points, which is not a little. If you made 1 mistake, then 1 primary point is given. If you make more than 1 mistake, points are not awarded.So, let's take a look at several of these tasks and give valuable recommendations.

This task refers us to, or rather to the types of culture that can be observed on the link. In this task you need to select the characteristics of mass culture.

Of course there will be correct answer at number 1: "The media presented the television series as a successful commercial project"

Since popular culture, as you well know, sells well ... at least better than other types of culture. Well, where do you go more often, what do you pay for: for a movie in a cinema, or a concert of folk musical instruments? I think the answer is obvious!

Therefore, the answer under the number 2 is not an option to mark!

Option 3 is also incorrect, since self-expression is the main goal in elite culture. But answer 4 to this USE task in social studies will be correct: the television series is designed for an average consumer taste... After all, the taste of the man in the street, for whom popular culture is designed, is not very refined. What do the people need? Panem et circenses - bread and circuses! That is why on the first channel all sorts of shows are constantly being played - this is the social demand of the population!

The fifth option is focused on an elite culture, not a mass one. If it is still not clear why, I recommend purchasing my video course "Social Studies: Unified State Exam for 100 points" , in which I explain everything clearly and on my fingers.

And the last correct option: issue 6 "Understanding the TV series does not require special training"... In fact, the everyday life of a city hospital can be understood without special training: sometimes we go there ourselves! 🙂 These everyday life in the television series are also completely embellished ..., I wrote about the real everyday life of the city hospital)

Therefore, the correct options will be as follows: 1,4,6

From the analysis of this task Unified State Exam in Social Studies it follows my first recommendation: you need to know well the signs of certain phenomena from different spheres of society!

Let's analyze one more task from options 4, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 18 of the Unified State Exam in Social Studies:

This task is a little more difficult than the previous one. What is the difficulty? In understanding the task: it is necessary to choose the characteristics of the state as a central political institution. That is: how does the state differ from other institutions!

Having correctly understood the meaning of the task, we will choose the correct answers:

1 - has the highest concentration of power;

2 - establishes generally binding norms; (that is, makes laws)

5 - regulates the activities of citizens in a certain territory.

Other options may apply to others. social institutions, but it is necessary to choose the features that distinguish the state!

This is a kind of secret, and I freely disclose it here ... If you want to familiarize yourself with the topic in more detail, read my post, and about the article

From this assignment Unified State Exam in Social Studies my second recommendation follows: read the question carefully and understand what you are asked about!

Let's analyze the third difficult task of the type 4, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 18 Unified State Exam in social studies:

The task tests the topic of consciousness and activity. It requires you to choose the means of admission to the university, that is, the means of activity. I have not openly examined the topic of consciousness and activity anywhere. An analysis of the topic can be viewed in my video course on preparing for Unified State Exam in Social Studies .

But we will determine the correct answers by ourselves in this task:

2 - classes in an art studio;

3 - studying mathematics;

5 - experience in creating your own works.

All these funds will help Ivan to enter the university, for the specialty he has already chosen, and since it has been chosen, the answer number 6 will be incorrect, like the others.

In future articles, we will continue to analyze difficult tasks. Moreover, for part B, I will make small video tutorials, so don't miss out and!

Also, do not forget to solve this task yourself. Unified State Exam in Social Studies:

Answers can and should be written in the comments!

The thirteenth task of the OGE in social studies is similar to the twelfth one - it is also aimed at checking all aspects of the topic " Social sphere life of society ”. True, it is structured somewhat differently: in it it is necessary to determine the correctness of the two above judgments. Most often, the condition is built on knowledge of definitions or basic characteristics, functions, types and causes of any concepts - for example, types of social norms, family functions. If the answer is correct, the ninth grader gets one point for this task, if not, none.

Analysis of typical options for task No. 13 of the OGE in society

The first variant of the task

Are the following judgments about social status and roles correct?

A. The person in the family performs several social roles.

B. Marital status is one of the most important characteristics of a person's social status.

Only A is true
Only B is true
Both judgments are correct
Both judgments are wrong

Each of us performs quite a few social roles, that is, has an extensive role-playing set - for example: a citizen of Russia, a Petersburg resident, a student, a member of the school basketball team, a pedestrian, a customer. In a family, a person also performs different roles, depending on which the pattern of his behavior, actions and obligations change - a boy can be a son, a grandson, or an older brother. Hence, the first statement is true. Social status is characterized by the position of a person in society, which is determined by his education, profession, marital status, age, gender. Marital status occupies an important place in the characterization of social status, because it characterizes a person's place in various social groups and reflects his ties with other members of society. Hence, both statements are true, and the answer is 3.

Second variant of the task

Are the following statements about social inequality true?

A. Social inequality arose when society entered the industrial phase of development.

B. A striking manifestation of social inequality is the difference in income.

Only A is true
Only B is true
Both judgments are correct
Both judgments are wrong

Social inequality is the difference in the status of people and their ability to achieve a certain social position. The main criteria of social inequality are wealth, prestige and power, that is, the difference in income, respect and the number of subordinates. Statement "B" is correct, because the difference in income - main characteristic social inequality. Social inequality began to appear a very long time ago - this was due to the improvement of the tools of labor, the emergence of surpluses and property: those who had more property, found themselves in better position... Therefore, the first statement is false, and the second is true, which means that the answer is 2.

The third variant of the task

Are the following judgments about the family correct?

A. The family belongs to small groups.

B. The behavior of family members is independent of each other.

Only A is true
Only B is true
Both judgments are correct
Both judgments are wrong

The family is a small social group, because it is a stable association of people, between whom there is regular interaction. The family as a small group is based on consanguinity, marriage or adoption and is linked by a common life, mutual help. Family members depend on each other, and their behavior is also not isolated - each family member must take into account the needs, interests and requests of the other. It turns out that only the first judgment is true, and the answer is 1.

Presentation-simulator for preparing for the exam in social studies in 2017-2018 academic year... Option 13.

Prepared by the teacher of history and social studies MOU "Secondary school with. Perekopnoe, Ershovsky district, Saratov region "named after Hero Soviet Union Kireeva V.I. Ermakov Ivan Alexandrovich

№

examples

rationality

Answer:

№ 1. Write down the word that is missing in the table.

Features of scientific knowledge

examples

rationality

Empirical data acquire a scientific character only when they are included in the system of theoretical provisions, conclusions

Any theoretical position, hypothesis must be substantiated

Features of scientific knowledge.

Answer: evidence.

№ 2.

Answer:

№ 2.

In the row below, find a concept that is generalizing to all the other concepts presented. Write this word down.

Ability; makings; giftedness; talent; genius.

Answer: ability.

№ 3.

Answer:

№ 3.

A number of terms are listed below. All of them, with the exception of two, represent the features of mass culture.

Commercial in nature; 2) availability; 3) the use of special effects; 4) entertaining character; 5) the complexity of the form and content; 6) a narrow circle of consumers.

Answer: 5 6

№ 4.

Answer:

№ 4.

Choose the correct judgments about society and social change and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Society is a set of all forms of uniting people and ways of their interaction.
The revolution as a form of social change, as a rule, is carried out at the initiative of the authorities.
The differentiation of the spheres of public life is based on the basic needs of society and individuals.
The humanistic nature of progress is associated with an increase in production and an increase in labor productivity.
Society is a complex system of interrelated and interacting elements.

Answer: 1 3 5.

№ 5.

Forms of cognition

A) perception

B) sensation

C) presentation

D) judgment

D) concept

Cognition stages

sensory cognition
rational cognition

Answer: A B C D E

№ 5.

Establish a correspondence between the forms and stages of cognition: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Forms of cognition

A) perception

B) sensation

C) presentation

D) judgment

D) concept

Cognition stages

sensory cognition
rational cognition

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D E

1 1 1 2 2

№ 6.

Buddhism
Shintoism
Christianity
Islam
Judaism
Taoism

Answer:

№ 6.

Imagine that you are helping a teacher prepare a presentation for a social studies lesson on the topic "Religion as a form (area) of spiritual culture." One of the slides is titled "World Religions". Which of the following should be included on this slide? Write down the numbers under which these religions are indicated.

Buddhism
Shintoism
Christianity
Islam
Judaism
Taoism

Answer: 1 3 4.

№ 7.

Answer:

№ 7.

Choose the correct judgments about the role of the state in the economy and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

In a market economy, the state sets prices for all goods and services.
The state in market conditions carries out centralized planning of production and consumption.
The state in market conditions satisfies the needs for public goods or public goods.
The state has a certain influence on the market economy in the conduct of monetary policy.
State intervention in the economy is associated with imperfections in the market mechanism.

Answer: 3 4 5.

№ 8.

Factors

D) retraining of employees

Types of economic growth

intensive
xstensive

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D E

№ 8.

Indicate the correspondence between factors and types of economic growth: for each item given in the first column, select the corresponding item from the second column.

Factors

A) an increase in the number of service personnel

B) construction of new enterprises producing an existing range of products

C) expansion of cultivated areas

D) retraining of employees

D) replacement of outdated equipment with more modern

Types of economic growth

intensive
extensive

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D E

2 2 2 1 1

№ 9.

banknotes
coupons
bonds
stock

Answer:

№ 9.

Petr Fedorovich invests his savings in the acquisition of various securities. Find in the list below the securities that he can purchase in accordance with the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

investment share of a mutual investment fund
property insurance contract
banknotes
coupons
bonds
stock

Answer: 1 5 6.

№

high fruit yield
fashion for healthy food

Answer:

№ 10. The chart shows the change in supply in the fresh market: the supply curve has moved from position S to position S1. P is the price of the product, Q is the quantity of the product.

Which of the following factors can cause such a change? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

increase in customs duties on fruit imports
increase in freight rates
decline in consumer income
high fruit yield
fashion for healthy food

Answer: 4 5.

№ 11.

Answer:

№ 11.

Choose the correct judgments about the family and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

The reproductive function of the family is manifested in the provision of a certain social status to family members, in the performance by the family of the role of a social elevator.
Family members are associated with a common life, mutual material and moral responsibility.
The family is one of the subjects of social control.
The family is called upon to create conditions for the physical, mental, emotional and intellectual development of the child.
The peculiarity of the family lies in the fact that it is both a social institution and a small social group.

Answer: 2 3 4 5.

№

Answer:

№ 12. In the course of a survey of adult citizens of countries Z and Y, they were asked the question: "To what extent does the state fulfill its obligations to citizens?" The results obtained (in% of the number of respondents) are presented in the form of a diagram.

Find in the list below the conclusions that can be drawn from the diagram, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

The share of those who noted that the state fully fulfills its obligations to citizens is greater in country Z than in country Y.
Equal shares of the surveyed residents of country Z noted that the state fully fulfills and does not fulfill its obligations to citizens at all.
In country Y, the share of those who noted that, for the most part, the state does not fulfill its obligations to citizens, is more than the share of those who noted that the state is fully fulfilling its obligations.
The share of those who noted that the state does not fulfill its obligations to citizens at all is greater in country Z than in country Y.
The same proportion of respondents in both countries noted that the state is equally fulfilling and not fulfilling its obligations to citizens.

Answer: 1 2 3.

№ 13.

Answer:

№ 13.

Choose the right judgments about democracy and write down the numbers under which they appear.

Democracy can fully function in a society with a high level of general and political culture.
Democracy is characterized by state control over the private life of citizens.
State power in a democracy can be considered legitimate if its formation and implementation is supported by the people in accordance with the norms of law through the free expression of the will of voters in free elections.
Democracy is characterized by the minority's right to opposition, subject to the decisions of the majority.
Democracy is characterized by the dominance of the ideology of one party in the political arena.

Answer: 1 3 4.

№ 14.

Functions

C) the exercise of pardon

RF President
RF government

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D E

№ 14.

Establish a correspondence between the functions and the subjects of state power of the Russian Federation who perform them: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Functions

A) management of federal property

B) development of the submission to the State Duma of the federal budget

C) the exercise of pardon

D) resolving issues of granting political asylum

E) implementation of measures to ensure the defense of the country

Subjects of state power of the Russian Federation

RF President
RF government

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D E

2 2 1 1 2

№ 15.

ruling
conservative
opposition
liberal
massive
personnel

Answer:

№ 15.

A new political party was registered in State Z. It has a central office and regional offices, as well as many permanent members. The party stands for the preservation of traditional values, defends the need to adapt any changes in society to traditional institutions. The political party won the required number of votes during the elections and won the majority of seats in parliament. Which of the following characterizes the type of political party described in this situation? Write down the numbers under which the correct characteristics are indicated.

ruling
conservative
opposition
liberal
massive
personnel

Answer: 1 2 5.

№ 16.

Answer:

№ 16.

Select from the above list the sentences that characterize the foundations of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

All constituent entities of the Russian Federation are equal in relations with federal government bodies.
The bearer of sovereignty and the only source of power in the Russian Federation is its multinational people.
A citizen is liable for his obligations with all property belonging to him, with the exception of property, which, in accordance with the law, cannot be foreclosed.
Unjustified refusal to imprison employment contract is prohibited.
Earth and others Natural resources can be in private, state, municipal and other forms of ownership.

Answer: 1 2 5.

№ 17.

Answer:

№ 17.

Choose the correct judgments about the bodies designed to protect the rights of citizens of the Russian Federation, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

One of the functions of law enforcement agencies is to strengthen the rule of law and the rule of law.
Law enforcement agencies take part in the creation of the taxation system.
The internal affairs bodies are entrusted with the task of detecting and investigating crimes.
Lawyers provide legal assistance and defense in criminal cases.
A single, centralized system of federal bodies that oversees the accurate and uniform implementation of laws is called the police.

Answer: 1 3 4.

№ 18.

A) public funds

E) religious organizations

Views legal entities

commercial
non-profit

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D E

№ 18.

Establish a correspondence between organizational and legal forms and types of legal entities: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Organizational and legal forms of legal entities

A) public funds

B) business partnerships

C) production cooperatives

D) state unitary enterprises

E) religious organizations

Types of legal entities

commercial
non-profit

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer: A B C D E

2 1 1 1 2

№ 19.

To buy an apartment
Sell a car

Answer:

№ 19.

Artyom is 14 years old. Find in the above list the actions that he can independently carry out in accordance with the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Set aside some of your scholarship to buy a gift for your little sister
Deposit money donated by parents to a bank account
Dispose of wages earned in a summer labor camp
To buy an apartment
Sell a car
Exercise the rights of the author of the created musical work

Answer: 1 2 3 6.

№ 20.

Insert the missing words:

The words:

certain terms

Answer: A B C D E F

№ 20.

Insert the missing words:

“A marriage contract is an agreement between the persons entering into marriage, or an agreement between the spouses, which determines ____ (A) of the spouses in marriage and (or) in the event of its dissolution. A marriage contract can be concluded both before state registration __ (B), and at any time during the marriage. The prenuptial agreement is in writing and is subject to ____ (B). By a marriage contract, the spouses have the right to change the ____ (D) established by law, establish a regime of joint, shared or separate ownership of all the spouses' property. The rights and obligations stipulated by the prenuptial agreement may be limited to ______ (D) or be made dependent on the occurrence or non-occurrence of certain conditions. A marriage contract cannot restrict the legal capacity or capacity of the spouses, their right to go to court for the protection of their rights; regulate ____ (E), the rights and obligations of spouses in relation to children. "

The words:

joint ownership regime 6) marriage
personal non-property relations 7) property rights and obligations
time limits 8) divorce
notarial certification 9) medical examination.
certain terms

Answer: A B C D E F

7 6 4 1 5 2

Part 2.

The primary element of the system of constitutional law is the legal norm - the initial particle of the branch of law. In the presence of objective prerequisites, the norms are integrated into the institutions of constitutional law. An institution is a group, a complex of interrelated norms of constitutional law that regulate a certain type of similar, similar in content, related social relations. It includes not only norms and rules of behavior, but also constituent (initial) norms that, in systemic interaction, participate in the process of constitutional and legal regulation of social relations.

Part 2.

The institution of constitutional regulation of public relations integrated legal norms establishing the supreme legal force of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, its direct action in the legal significance, criteria for the constitutionality of legal acts and their provision, the ratio of national and international law.

Part 2.

The institution of the federal structure of the state combines in its composition constitutional and legal norms that determine the status Russian Federation and its subjects, the sovereignty of the state and its symbols, the delimitation of subjects of jurisdiction and powers between the state authorities of the Federation and its subjects, the procedure for the adoption of a new subject in the Russian Federation and the formation of a new subject within it, the composition of the state's territory, the constitutional foundations of the regime state border and borders between the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, a single economic, currency and customs space throughout Russia.

Part 2.

The institution of presidential power includes, as its elements, legal norms that secure the status of the President of the Russian Federation, the procedure for his inauguration, the powers of the President of the Russian Federation as the head of state, guarantor of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, human and civil rights and freedoms, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief. Armed Forces Russia, the inviolability of the President of the Russian Federation, grounds for early termination of the exercise of his powers, types of legal issues issued by the President of the Russian Federation on issues within his competence. These norms are contained both in a special chapter of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and in its subsequent chapters.

Part 2.

The structure of the institution of legislative power is formed by legal norms establishing the status of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, the procedure for its interaction with other state bodies, the general principles of organizing the system of legislative (representative) bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Part 2.

The institute of the executive power of the constitutional law of Russia consists of legal norms that consolidate the foundations for the formation of a unified system of executive power in the Russian Federation and its structure, the status of the Government of the Russian Federation, general principles of organizing the executive bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The institution of the judiciary has integrated constitutional and legal norms that consolidate the legal definition of the judiciary, its basic principles, the system of federal judicial authorities, the procedure for their organization and activities, the mechanism for appointing judges, their status and legal guarantees of independence in the administration of justice.

(A.I. Kazannik, A.N. Kostyukov)

№ 21.

What are the three elements of the system of constitutional law named in the text? What are the legal properties (features) of the Constitution of the Russian Federation established by constitutional law?

Answer:

legal norm, institution of constitutional law, branch of law;
the highest legal force of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, its direct effect and legal significance.

№ 22.

What are the foundations of the constitutional order of Russia ensured by the institutions discussed in the text? Using the text and social science knowledge, indicate any three foundations of the constitutional order and the corresponding institutions.

№ 22.

Answer:

Russia is a federal state, the federal structure of the Russian Federation is based on its state integrity, the unity of the system of state power, the delimitation of subjects of jurisdiction and powers between the bodies of state power of the Russian Federation and the bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (institute of the federal structure);
state power in the Russian Federation is exercised on the basis of division into legislative, executive and judicial (the institution of legislative power, the institution of executive power, the institution of the judiciary);
The source of power in the Russian Federation is its multinational people (the institution of legislative power, the institution of presidential power).

№ 23.

Using social science knowledge and facts of public life, illustrate with examples the procedure for interaction of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation a) with the President of the Russian Federation; b) with the Government of the Russian Federation; c) with the judicial authorities of the Russian Federation.

№ 23.

Answer:

a) the plenipotentiary representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the State Duma presented the bill Z, introduced by the President of the Russian Federation; after the adoption of the bill by the Duma, it was sent to the Federation Council;

b) The Prime Minister of the Russian Federation made a report at the parliamentary hour in the State Duma, and then met with members of the Federation Council Committee on Budget and Financial Markets;

c) The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation recognized the law adopted by the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation as constitutional.

№ 24.

The text indicates that constitutional law establishes the relationship between national and international law. Using the text, social science and facts of public life, give three explanations why it is necessary to specifically regulate this ratio.

№ 24.

Answer:

The state ratifies various legal conventions, the content of which may not correspond to the current norms of national legislation; accordingly, a change in national legislation and a certain preparatory period may be required;
Subjects of law are engaged in entrepreneurial activities not only in the country, but abroad, conduct joint business with foreign enterprises; in these conditions, a clearly established relationship between national and international law is necessary;
Citizens and companies have the right, under certain conditions, to defend their interests in international courts, therefore it is necessary to establish a legal framework for the validity of decisions of international courts.

№ 25.

What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "wages"? Drawing on knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences: one sentence containing information about the form of wages, and one sentence revealing any of the reasons for the persistent wage differentials.

№ 25.

Answer:

1) Payment for labor services provided by employees;

2) There are wages in the form of salaries, piecework and bonus forms of remuneration;

3) One of the reasons for the persistent differences in wages is the different qualifications of workers.

№ 26.

What institutions (organizations, groups), besides the family, are involved in the socialization of the individual? Name any three institutions (organizations, groups) and give an example of the influence of each of them on the socialization of a person.

Answer:

School (a first grader learns to maintain discipline in the classroom, do homework);
A group of friends (from friends, a person learns about important events, music and cinema news, receives everyday information);
Mass media (spreading information about various events in the country and the world, public figures, mass media influence the formation of public and individual consciousness).

№ 27.

In country Z, the government is formed by the political party (bloc of parties) that wins the election. Deputy seats (mandates) are distributed in proportion to the votes cast for the lists of candidates from parties that have overcome the 7 percent threshold. What type is the electoral system of country Z? What are two advantages and two disadvantages of this electoral system.

№ 27.

Answer:

Proportional electoral system;
Advantages:

-provides active work political parties, including opposition ones;

-stability of political elites, the pursued political course;

3) disadvantages:

There is no personal responsibility of parliamentarians to voters, there is no mechanism for recalling deputies by the population;

- in parliament, as a rule, small parties are not represented that are not able to overcome the electoral barrier;

- the emergence of new political leaders, the renewal of the elites is difficult.

№ 28.

You have been instructed to prepare a detailed answer on the topic "The problem of social stratification." Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.