Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC). What was the route of the expedition this year
The Arctic Floating University project was launched on June 1, 2012. The project is being implemented thanks to the joint financing of Roshydromet and NArFU (Ministry of Education and Science). The project was supported by the Russian Geographical Society.
The first flight was carried out along the route: Arkhangelsk - White Sea - Barents Sea - Franz Josef Land - New earth- Kolguev island - White Sea - Sosnovets island - Solovki - Arkhangelsk.
On board the ship, students received knowledge and practiced them in practice. M.V. Lomonosov. The teaching was conducted by researchers from the NRU Roshydromet, NArFU and the Northern UGMS. Practical lessons for students were held with the use of high-class modern equipment, which is equipped with a "floating laboratory".
During the voyage, the full scope of work was carried out in the Barents and White Seas, more than 8,000 samples of water, soil, air and biological resources were taken.
Arctic Floating University work program in 2013 consists of 2 flights. The first flight is operated from June 1 to June 25, 2013 on the route Arkhangelsk - White Sea - Barents Sea - Greenland Sea - Spitsbergen - White Sea - Arkhangelsk. The work program of the Arctic Floating University in 2013 consists of 2 voyages. The first flight is operated from June 1 to June 25, 2013 on the route Arkhangelsk - White Sea - Barents Sea - Greenland Sea - Spitsbergen - White Sea - Arkhangelsk. |  |
The second voyage is scheduled from July 2 to July 26, 2013 on the route Arkhangelsk - White Sea - Kolguev Island - Barents Sea - Kara Sea - Severnaya Zemlya Islands - Novaya Zemlya Islands - Arkhangelsk.
The program of work on the R / V "Professor Molchanov" was compiled by the staff of NArFU named after M.V. Lomonosov, Northern UGMS, AARI, GOIN, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov and IEPS UB RAS and provides for two major areas: educational and research. The artist Sergei Zvyagin was invited to work on the expedition, working on the theme of the Arctic.
A separate work program was developed for Svalbard, where the participants of the first voyage of the Arctic Floating University visited in June 2013:
carrying out hydrochemical, glaciological and seismological studies in the water area and on the coast of the Spitsbergen archipelago. Checkpoints (Barentsburg - Longyearbyen - Well Alesund - Hot Springs, Bookfiord);
Part in the signing of an agreement by the Russian delegation on the joint use of the Russian scientific center in Barentsburg;
Meeting with the governor and organizing a traveling exhibition of paintings by artist Viktor Zvyagintsev;
Visit to the University Center of Svalbard (UNIS);
Visit to Sverdrup Research Station, Norwegian Polar Institute;
Visit to the marine laboratory "AK" Kings Bay ":
Discussion and development of directions for joint research activities in the archipelago;
Signing of a bilateral agreement on research cooperation between NArFU named after M.V. Lomonosov and the company "AK" Kings Bay "on the Spitsbergen archipelago and the joint use of the scientific base of the marine laboratory.
The program includes educational courses and actual research work in the waters of the White, Barents, Greenland and Kara Seas of the Arctic Ocean. This direction is very important in connection with the implementation of Russia's strategy for the development and conservation natural resources The Arctic and the role of NArFU and Roshydromet in this area. This is especially important in connection with the following features of the Arctic zone. This direction is provided for by the NArFU development program.
| In Barentsburg, members of the delegation and students of the Arctic Floating University visited a number of facilities of Roshydromet and the Kola Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. On June 13, the R / V "Professor Molchanov" with students and a delegation on board arrived at the port of Longyearbyen, where they met with the Mayor of Longyearbyen Christine Christophersen and visited the University Center of Svalbard (UNIS). In the center, the parties discussed Russian-Norwegian cooperation in the archipelago. In Ny-Ålesund, the northernmost Norwegian city, for those who did not participate in the ground research, an excursion to the scientific objects of the town and a meeting was organized at which the expedition members were told about the history of Ny-Ålesund and its life. |  |
For the research team, the work in Ny-Ålesund was the most fruitful in the three days in Svalbard. We managed to establish a seismic station. Samples of snow, ice, soil and plants were taken. We completed four geological profiles, conducted georadar studies, studied geological layers, and selected malacofauna - these are the remains of mollusk shells that are deposited together with marine and river sediments. By analyzing them, it is possible to determine the age of the terrace and the content of stable isotopes.
I had to work in difficult conditions: the weather was changing all the time - either the wind with hail, then the sun again. At the same time, it was necessary to remember that this territory belongs rather to a polar bear than to a person.
During the expedition, I introduced the Norwegian delegation to the activities of the laboratories of the Floating University.
Saying goodbye to their Norwegian colleagues, the crew of the research vessel "Professor Molchanov" continued on their way to the planned section.
On June 16, in the first half of the day, everyone was actively preparing for two events planned according to the plan: one - serious and scientific, the other - comic and entertaining. The first is the reporting session. The members of the expedition prepared their reports on the work on the sections in the White and Barents Seas. The results, which the representatives of the scientific blocks told about, caused a lively discussion among the expedition members and brought the researchers one step closer to the final report, which they will write already on the mainland. The second is the Miss Molchanova contest. For the first time on board a research vessel, the most beautiful girl. After dinner, "Professor Molchanov" went to the points of section No. 3 in the Barents Sea. And again active work continued. |
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 | On June 17, at 6 am, the expedition members woke up from dull blows against the ship's hull - it was the R / V Professor Molchanov who stepped onto the first ice - in front of the ocean ice field. Oceanographic research in the northern part of the Barents Sea continued throughout the day. Here the attention of researchers was focused on the warm Atlantic waters coming from the North. The work at the open pit went on as planned. In the evening, the Floating University reached the northernmost point of its route, further movement will only go south. "Professor Molchanov" reached 80 degrees north latitude and began to follow in a southeasterly direction, where the expedition's hydrochemical unit will make a section that crosses the entire Barents Sea in the direction of the Novaya Zemlya archipelago. |
"Only after visiting the Arctic, seeing its cold beauty with my own eyes, one can understand why these seemingly distant and inhospitable waters and lands are so important for the country and so beckon those who have already been there."
What is the Floating University Expedition?
"Arctic Floating University" - a unique project of NArFU (Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov), which includes the integration of educational and research processes of several large structures: NArFU, Roshydromet, Russian geographic society and others. As part of the expedition, you can get a lot of valuable information about the Arctic, broaden the horizons of the students participating in it, teach them how to carry out field work in their specialty. The ideological, educational function is also important: only after visiting the Arctic, seeing its cold beauty with your own eyes, you can understand why these seemingly distant and inhospitable waters and lands are so important for the country and so beckon those who have already been there.
Who took part in the expedition this year? How was the selection of participants for the expedition? Was there a lot of people willing?
The expedition was attended by 58 people from different cities of Russia and eight foreign countries. These are the students of the most different specialties, undergraduates and graduate students, teachers, researchers, journalists. The selection of participants was based on eligibility criteria scientific program expeditions, physical health, academic performance. In addition, in addition to the desire to participate in the work of field teams, it is very important to have an independent research work.
What was the route of the expedition this year?
Here it should be borne in mind that the actual route, due to weather conditions, differed from the planned one. As a result, it turned out like this: Arkhangelsk - Solovetsky Islands - Cape Bely Nos - Varnek village (Vaigach island) - Russkaya Gavan bay (Novaya Zemlya archipelago) - Zhelaniya cape (Novaya Zemlya archipelago) - Hooker island (Franz Josef Land archipelago) - island Northbrook (Franz Josef Land archipelago) - Small Karmakuly (Novaya Zemlya archipelago; it was necessary to land two members of the expedition to continue working there) - Sosnovets Island - Arkhangelsk.
Is there a daily routine on board? What did the members of the expedition do on the ship?
There is a schedule. Unchanged milestones: breakfast from 8.00 to 9.00, lunch from 12.00 to 13.00, dinner from 19.00 to 20.00. Sometimes, however, due to the landings, the meal times changed. From 10.00 to 12.00, from 13.00 to 16.00 - lectures, from 16.00 to 19.00 - the work of students in groups. After dinner, there were cultural events ( interesting presentations and films, evenings of creativity, intellectual games).
The members of the expedition most of the time were engaged in scientific research within the framework of their scientific direction: collecting data, analyzing and interpreting them, and so on. Lectures were compulsory for all undergraduate and graduate students, regardless of the subject matter, this made it possible to broaden the horizons of students, to give them interdisciplinary knowledge about the Arctic.
Have there been any force majeure situations? What difficulties did you have to face?
The most notable challenge was the weather conditions. The excitement made it impossible to land on Kolguev Island, complicating ice conditions forced the expedition to change its route and go to Franz Josef Land earlier than planned. But even this did not allow landing on Hayes Island: ice blocked the ship's path. Nevertheless, the scientific program of the expedition was successfully completed. This excitement, by the way, was difficult for many members of the expedition - especially those who went to sea for the first time for a long time. Three storms in one flight - this has not happened before. The appearance of a bear near the participants of the flight during one of the landings can also be considered force majeure. Barely noticing him literally a couple of hundred meters from one of the groups, immediately, for safety reasons, they completed the disembarkation and returned to the ship.
What do you remember the most?
The mountains of the Franz Josef Land archipelago. They are simply mesmerizing and leave a lasting impression.
How was this flight different from the previous ones?
First of all, it is the increased international participation. In 2014, there were four foreign nationals on the expedition. This year there were eight foreigners: from Brazil, Germany, Denmark, Iceland, Spain, the USA, as well as two immigrants from Russia, permanently living in Canada and Finland. The program of land-based coastal research, which is a single complex, has been significantly expanded. During the voyage, for the first time, large-scale biomedical research was carried out among the members of the expedition and the ship's crew, as well as sociological research of local residents along the route of the expedition.
What scientific research was carried out as part of the expedition?
The list of all the studies would take a couple of pages, so I will give a list of the research blocks that worked: hydrometeorological, ecological, biogeochemical, medico-biological, geoinformational, cartographic and geodetic, historical, cultural and sociological, biological, bioresource. Thus, we studied the climate of the Arctic, its flora and fauna, soil, state environment, human adaptation to stay in high latitudes, life values local population and so on.
Did you manage to make interesting discoveries?
Yes. Bird watchers in particular have collected important information about birds and their habitats. Soil scientists have come to a new understanding of the natural zoning of the Arctic, and, probably for the first time in history, found endolithic communities in the Arctic (Cape Zhelaniya, Novaya Zemlya). In any case, many data still require lengthy processing, it is too early to draw final conclusions.
Will the data collected during the expedition be formalized in the form of scientific papers or transferred to the relevant departments, for example, Roshydromet?
Based on the results of the research carried out during the voyage, it is planned to publish a general report of the expedition. That is, the reports of each research block will be compiled into one collection. Its publication is scheduled for late October 2015. It will be electronic and accessible to everyone.
The "Floating University" expedition took place for the seventh time. What do you associate such her success with? Will she take a flight next year?
The secret to success is simple. In one comparatively short flight (about three weeks), it is possible to collect a huge amount of valuable data from a variety of scientific spheres- from botany to geology and hydrometeorology. Students practice doing field work, expanding their horizons. That is, each flight brings enormous benefits to both scientific research carried out at NArFU and educational process university. We will make every effort to make the expedition take place in 2016.
"Floating Universities"
A.E. Suzyumov, International Project Coordinator, UNESCO IOCThe project, called the Floating University by UNESCO, was initiated by the Moscow state university(Moscow State University) in 1991. In 1993, the Russian State Hydrometeorological University (RSHMU) launched a regional project "Baltic Floating University" (BPU). Since 1996, by decision of the IOC Assembly and the General Conference of UNESCO (1995), both projects have been carried out under the IOC-TEMA (Training, Education and Mutual Assistance in Marine Sciences) program. In 1999, they were joined by another regional project: "Caspian Floating University" (KPU), carried out by the Caspian Research Institute of Fisheries (CaspNIRKh). Building on the successful results of the three projects mentioned above, a regional project for Southeast Asia and the Pacific, the University of the Sea (UOS), was launched in 2005 at the initiative of a number of Australian universities under the TEMA program. All of these projects are designed primarily to teach students the skills of real research work at sea, which distinguishes them from traditional shipboard practices.
Head of the THEMA program - E. Deza ( [email protected]). International Coordinator of PP projects in the IOC Secretariat of UNESCO (Paris, France) - A.E. Suzyumov - [email protected]
1. Floating University (Learning Through Research Program, (TTR)
This project is engaged in a comprehensive study of geological processes on the continental outskirts of Europe and North Africa, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Over the past 16 years, the project has achieved remarkable results in the study of the oil and gas content of the continental margins and gas hydrates - potential energy resources of the future. 16 TTR voyages (1991-2006) were carried out on ships of the Ministry of Natural Resources Russian Federation"Gelendzhik" and "Professor Logachev" in Atlantic Ocean, Black and Mediterranean seas. The project developed and applied the Training-through-Research (TTR) principle, which includes a full annual cycle teaching students the theory and practice of marine research. After pre-voyage theoretical training, students, under the guidance of renowned European experts, conduct research work on board the ship, supported by daily lectures and seminars. Half a year after the end of the voyage, a post-voyage scientific conference is held, considering the results of work at sea and the results of laboratory studies of the material obtained.
The results of the work are published in leading scientific journals, as well as in the IOC publications (see http://unesdoc.unesco.org/ulis/index.html, in the search box, enter the project abbreviation "TTR"). For the period from 1991 to 2006. about 1000 students and young researchers from most countries in Europe, as well as North Africa, Asia, the Middle East, the USA and Latin America took part in the voyages of Russian ships. Project coordination and management is carried out The Executive Committee... Project Leaders: Dr. Neil H. Kenyon, Southampton National Oceanographic Center (UK) - [email protected] and M.K. Ivanov, Head of the UNESCO-Moscow State University Chair in Marine Geosciences (Geological Faculty of Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia) - [email protected]
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| Participants of flight TTR-11 (2001) | One of the daily workshops on board the ship: what discoveries have been made over the past day? |
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| Carbonate pipes raised from the bottom of the Gulf of Cadiz: through them geofluids enter the marine environment | "Carbonate Hills": mysterious buildings, first explored in detail on the European outskirts on the TTR-7 cruise (1997) |
2. Baltic Floating University (BPU)
The BPU project is carried out under the auspices of the UNESCO IOC by the Russian State Hydrometeorological University (RSHMU) in cooperation with the Main Directorate of Navigation and Oceanography (GUNiO) of the RF Ministry of Defense. It provides an opportunity for students from the Baltic region, as well as other countries in Europe (UK, Spain, Portugal), Asia and Africa to gain research skills in marine hydrometeorology and environmental monitoring. In doing so, it contributes significantly to the Helsinki Commission's (HELCOM) marine conservation program, the Baltic Oceanographic Operational System (BOOS) (a regional Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) project, and Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) / IOC) .A feature of the project is its implementation in parallel on two floating crafts: one of the oceanographic vessels of the GUNiO (such as "N. Matusevich" and "Sibiryakov"), and in 2006 - on the R / V "Shtokman" IORAN, as well as on a sailing catamaran This makes it possible to simultaneously cover both the coastal zone and the open waters of the Baltic Sea with research. remote sensing ocean. In 2006, a UNESCO Chair of this profile was created at the RSHU. For the period 1993-2006. more than 200 students from 24 countries of Europe, Asia and Africa were trained within the framework of the project. The results of the expeditions are published (on English language) in the annual BFU Research Bulletin. Project manager T. Eremina (RSHU, St. Petersburg) - [email protected].
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| Water sampling with the device "rosetta" | Participants of the BPU-2005 flight at the Sibiryakov ladder |
3. Caspian Floating University (KPU)
The KPU project, implemented under the auspices of the UNESCO IOC by the Caspian Research Institute of Fisheries (CaspNIRKh), is aimed at studying biological productivity, biological resources and their protection in the Caspian Sea and in the lower Volga delta, as well as developing regional cooperation and mutual understanding between the countries of the region in environmental protection. The research is carried out on the CaspNIRKh floating craft. In particular, the problems of the influence of fluctuations in the level of the Caspian Sea on water and coastal biological resources are being studied; the impact of pollution (mainly from the development of oil fields) on ecosystems and biological resources; biodiversity and issues of its protection; and the challenges of integrated coastal zone management.
In the field work 1999-2006. attended by over 150 students from the countries of the region. More than 600 people participated in conferences, seminars and schools of the CPU. Since 2001, the Environmental School of the KPU has been operating within the framework of the project. 15-20 high school students study there annually. The CPU results are published in English in the Caspian Floating University Research Bulletin. Project manager V.N. Belyaeva (CaspNIRKH, Astrakhan) - [email protected].
4. Maritime University (MOU)
This project is supported by a consortium of Australian universities, a number of universities and research centers in the Republic of Korea, India, Indonesia and Japan, forming the Asian Neighbors Global Change Network with Australia. The University of Sydney Australia hosts the Project Secretariat (http://www.usims.org.usyd.edu.au/floating.html). The project is funded by the Toyota Foundation and Australian national funds. The French Polar Institute (IPEV) provides ship time on its R / V "Marion Dufresne". In 2005, the first two-week educational geological and ecological voyage took place in the Arafura Sea (between New Guinea and Australia), which was attended by 20 students from Australia, China, Timor Leste, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, New Guinea, the Philippines and Shli Lanka. In 2006, the 2nd flight took place, which was attended by 19 students from seven countries of the region. It passed along the route Auckland (New Zealand) - Noumea (New Caledonia) - Sydney (Australia) and was aimed at studying gas hydrates using a complex of geophysical and geological methods.
UDC 378.147
ARCTIC FLOATING UNIVERSITY - 2013
Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov State University is actively introducing new methods of training young creative specialists to meet the needs of the modern labor market. One of the promising areas of study is research expeditions of scientists with the participation of students. In 2012, with the support of the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring and the Russian Geographical Society, the university launched a new innovative project "Arctic Floating University", which organically combines educational courses and research work of students, undergraduates and graduate students.
The goal of the project "Arctic Floating University - 2013" is the integration of innovative educational programs of higher vocational education and fundamental and applied interdisciplinary scientific research when conducting Arctic expeditions on the research vessel "Professor Molchanov" to train highly qualified specialists.
The unique capabilities of the Arctic Floating University project were reflected in the development of the expedition's educational program. Its total labor intensity in 2013 was 3 credit units, 108 hours.
The educational program is interdisciplinary in nature. Students listen theoretical course lectures on the basics of oceanology, meteorology, geography, geoecology, physics, chemistry, biology in order to assimilate a set of knowledge about the basic laws
© Byzova N.M., 2014
on the spatio-temporal organization of marine and terrestrial arctic and subarctic natural complexes of local and regional levels. Future specialists get acquainted with the methods of oceanological, meteorological, geographical, biological, geoecological and physical, chemical research and data processing. In addition to theoretical knowledge, they acquire practical skills, which include collection, processing and analysis of water, air, rocks, soils and plants, visual observation of natural objects and processes, their photography and filming.
In 2013, the geography of the routes and the number of participants in the Arctic Floating University project expanded significantly. Two expeditions were carried out aboard the R / V Professor Molchanov. Along with representatives of the institute natural sciences and Biomedicine and the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Chemistry, who participated in the 2012 expedition, their members were young researchers from the Institute of Oil and Gas, the Institute of Shipbuilding and Marine Arctic Engineering and the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology of NArFU named after M.V. Lomonosov. Students of the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Russian State Hydrometeorological University, State Oceanographic Institute, Faculty of Geography and Geoecology of St. Petersburg State University.
The training and education of young researchers was carried out by the teachers of NArFU
named after M.V. Lomonosov, researchers of the Institute environmental issues Of the North Ural branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, State Oceanographic Institute named after
N.N. Zubov, the All-Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, employees of the Northern and Murmansk Directorates for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring.
During the first voyage in June 2013, along with the continuation of scientific research in the White and Barents Seas, comprehensive work was carried out in the Greenland Sea and Svalbard. In the White, Barents and Greenland Seas, comprehensive studies were carried out on 10 secular and standard oceanographic sections, where more than 2 thousand samples were taken at 86 oceanographic stations for electrochemical, X-ray fluorescence and chromatographic studies sea water... More than 5.5 thousand measurements of biogenic elements, dissolved oxygen, pH and ionic composition in water were carried out, which made it possible to continue the study state of the art hydrochemical structure and level of pollution of the environment of the Arctic seas and the impact on them of processes associated with global climate change.
At Svalbard, seismological studies were continued with measurements of the level of microseismic background in the villages of Barentsburg, Ny-Ålesund and the city of Longyearbyen. Within the framework of glaciological studies, work on the geocryological and geomorphological description of the relief was carried out here. In order to obtain information about horizontal and vertical inhomogeneities of the relief and types of deposits, ground-penetrating radar studies of subsurface bedding of rocks to a depth of 35 m were carried out with the construction of 72 geo-radar profiles.
To obtain new data on species diversity, biomass reserves, the number of various groups of producer organisms within the sea area, in the coastal zone and on key areas of the Arctic islands, a geobotanical description of plant communities was carried out, and samples of brown algae, mosses and lichens were taken.
The first flight in 2013 had international status. During their visit to Spitsbergen, the members of the expedition became participants in a meeting with a Russian-Norwegian delegation dedicated to the development of the Russian Scientific Center in Barentsburg. The expeditionary team visited the University Center of Svalbard (UNIS), the Kings Bay ASA Marine Laboratory and the Sverdrup Station of the Norwegian Polar Institute in Ny-Ålesund. A reciprocal reception of the UNIS delegation was organized on the R / V "Professor Molchanov". A representative of the Norwegian Polar Institute made a proposal for cooperation in the framework of the Arctic Floating University project in 2014.
During the second voyage in July 2013, members of the Arctic Floating University expedition covered 5900 km across the waters of the White, Barents and Kara Seas. On their way to Rudolf Island, the northernmost island point of Eurasia, they first reached the coordinates 81 ° 15 "N and 64 ° 40" E. The further path to the north was blocked by accumulations of icebergs. On the way to Vize Island, the expedition passed in the Kara Sea to the extreme northeastern point of the route with coordinates 79 ° 34 "N and 76 ° 55" E. e. This is the first time such large-scale comprehensive studies of the Arctic territories have been carried out.
The main research tasks of the second voyage were aimed at obtaining comprehensive oceanological information on the state of natural systems The White, Barents and Kara Seas and their influence on the formation of climatic changes in the northern polar regions. Made from-
measurements at 80 oceanographic stations of 7 oceanographic sections, where the vertical distribution of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen in water was determined. The total amount of received data exceeds 360 thousand values.
Based on over 40 thousand measurements of temperature and relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and direction, shortwave solar radiation flux, climatic changes in the northern polar regions were analyzed. The results of measuring the total ozone in the atmosphere in 2013 showed an increase in the concentration of ozone in the atmosphere compared to the same period in 2012.
In the study of hydro-optical characteristics surface waters data were obtained on the distribution of photosynthetically active radiation in the euphotic layer of the Barents and Kara Seas. The study of the features of the spatial and vertical distribution of the abundance and biomass of phytoplankton in water masses was carried out on 4 oceanographic sections.
In the Barents Sea and the northern part of the Kara Sea, seawater samples were taken from various depths at 69 stations of 6 oceanographic sections to determine the content of silicon, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium and total nitrogen, mineral and total phosphorus, dissolved oxygen, organic carbon, carbohydrates, pH , total alkalinity, the content of sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium cations.
In order to determine the electrophysical properties of water and ice, a survey of snowfields, fast ice and cover ice, sea and melt water on the Kanin and Yugorsky peninsulas, Kolguev, Vaigach, Hayes, Champ, Hooker islands, Sedov glacier, the coast of the Russkaya Gavan, Ice Gavan and the Cape was carried out. Desires of the Northern Island of Novaya Zemlya.
Using materials provided by the Arctic Space Monitoring Center
NArFU named after M.V. Lomonosov, members of the expedition since 2012, carry out remote observations in the Arctic to simulate processes and phenomena in the open ocean and the coastal zone of the seas. In July 2013, the employees of the radio engineering monitoring center at Cape Zhelaniya on the Severny Island of Novaya Zemlya carried out work on the installation and commissioning of an alternative environmentally friendly power plant from a wind generator and a complex of solar batteries.
The study of the main coastal processes and monuments of marine geographical heritage on the islands of Kolguev, Vaigach, Hayes, Champ, Hooker, the Kanin and Yugorsky peninsulas, on the coast of the Russkaya Gavan and Ice Gavan bays, Cape Zhelaniya on the Northern Island of Novaya Zemlya was continued. To determine the age of wooden structures by the dendrochronological method on the islands of Vaigach and Hooker, the coast of the Ice Harbor Bay and Cape Zhelaniya, wood samples (cores) were taken. Floating chronologies were obtained for all the structures under study based on the measurement data of tree rings. Dendrochronological analysis made it possible to determine the age of wood in key areas and to clarify the construction time of the facilities.
Expansion of the geography of the route of the second voyage of the expedition made it possible to track changes in the composition and structure of plant communities along the latitudinal gradient from the southern tundra to the Arctic deserts. Observations of the phenological state of the species included in them were organized. A geobotanical description of 27 different plant communities was carried out on the Kanin and Yugorsky peninsulas, the Kolguev, Vaigach, Hooker, Hayes, Champa islands, on the coast of the Russkaya Gavan, Ice Gavan and Zhelaniya Cape. 12 test plots were established to account for aboveground phytomass and 206 test plots (50 x x 50 cm) in communities different types to take into account the species diversity per unit area. Collected herbarium material in the amount of 350 sheets of 124 species of vascular plants and
200 samples of mosses and lichens. 15 soil sections and chemical analysis of soil samples for 35 horizons were made.
Collected materials allow a better understanding of the adaptive strategies of plant development associated with reproductive processes, which is very important for predicting changes in the state of ecosystems in a changing climate and various anthropogenic impacts. Until now, such observations in the Arctic region have not been carried out, and their organization was made possible by the high mobility of the R / V "Professor Molchanov" and the planned route of the expedition "Arctic Floating University - 2013".
For the first time, the expedition program of 2013 included studies on the adaptation of the organism of the expedition participants to the extreme conditions of the Arctic. Despite the unusual living conditions, the level of scientists' work capacity throughout the expedition was above average.
The study of the features of the operation of a ship power plant is also a new direction in the scientific program of the secondary
rogo voyage of the expedition. According to the results of measurements of noise and vibration on the R / V Professor Molchanov, it was found that in the working and living quarters of the vessel they do not exceed acceptable values, corresponding to sanitary standards, and the ship's power plant worked stably in all modes of the ship's course.
New scientific educational program the Arctic Floating University project provided for weekly reporting in the form of scientific sessions, at which young researchers summed up the interim results of their research. Summing up the results of the expedition took place on September 20, 2013 at a scientific conference of students, undergraduates and graduate students, where reports were presented on the results of the work carried out. Conference materials have been published.
The Arctic Floating University project is a worthy continuation of the traditions of the Russian scientific school in conducting systematic and systematic scientific research in the conditions of the European North and the Arctic and higher professional education in Russia.
Bibliography
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2. Bogolitsyn K.G., Polikin D.Yu., Byzova N.M. The program of work and the route of the 2nd voyage of the expedition "Arctic Floating University - 2013" on the R / V "Professor Molchanov" in the research direction // Complex scientific and educational expedition "Arctic Floating University - 2013": 2 hours / hole. ed. K.G. Bogolitsyn; North. (Arctic) Feder. un-t. Arkhangelsk, 2013. Part I. S. 16-26.
3. Byzova N.M. Arctic Floating University as an innovative educational program // Rational use of natural resources: Tradition and Innovation: Materials of Intern. scientific-practical conf. Moscow, Moscow State University, 23-24 nov. 2012 / under total. ed. prof. M.V. Slipenchuk. M., 2013.S. 32-34.
4. Complex scientific and educational expedition "Arctic floating university 2013": materials of scientific. conf. students, undergraduates, graduate students / North. (Arctic) Feder. un-t them. M.V. Lomonosov, North. ex. on hydrometeorology and environmental monitoring, Arkhang. center of Vseros. societies. org. "Rus. geogr. about-in "; comp. M.A. Trofimova, V.I. Trofimova; otv. ed. prof. N.M. Byzov. Arkhangelsk, 2013. Part 3. 116 p.
1. Bogolitsyn K.G., Polikin D.Yu., Byzova N.M. Program rabot i marshrut 1 reysa ekspeditsii “Arkticheskiy plavuchiy universitet - 2013” na NIS “Professor Molchanov” po nauchno-issledovatel’skomu napravleniyu. Kompleksnaya nauchno-obrazovatel'naya ekspeditsiya “Arkticheskiy plavuchiy universitet - 2013”: v 2 ch. ... Arkhangelsk, 2013. Part 1, pp. 7-15.
2. Bogolitsyn K.G., Polikin D.Yu., Byzova N.M. Program rabot i marshrut 2 reysa ekspeditsii “Arkticheskiy plavuchiy universitet - 2013” na NIS “Professor Molchanov” po nauchno-issledovatel’skomu napravleniyu. Kompleksnaya nauchno-obrazovatel'naya ekspeditsiya “Arkticheskiy plavuchiy universitet - 2013”: v 2 ch. ... Arkhangelsk, 2013. Part 1, pp. 16-26.
3. Byzova N.M. Arkticheskiy plavuchiy universitet kak innovatsionnaya obrazovatel'naya programma. Ratsional'noe prirodopol'zovanie: traditsii i innovatsii: materialyMezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. Moscow, 23-24 November 2012. Moscow, 2013, pp. 32-34.
4. Kompleksnaya nauchno-obrazovatel'naya ekspeditsiya “Arkticheskiy plavuchiy universitet 2013”: materialy nauch. konf. studentov, magistrantov, aspirantov. Ed. by Byzova N.M. Arkhangelsk, 2013. Part 3.16 p.
BYZOVA Natalia Mikhailovna, candidate geographical sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Geography and Geoecology of the Northern (Arctic) federal university named after M.V. Lomonosov. Author of over 130 scientific publications, including three teaching aids
Contact information: address: 163002, Arkhangelsk, Nab. Northern Dvina, 17;
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