The history of the genre of Basni in world literature. Bassni genre in world literature

Municipal budgetary educational institution

Karpovskaya middle comprehensive school

Urenesky municipal Area Nizhny Novgorod region

Scientific - Practical Conference

pupils - Members of the NOU "Success"

Nomination "World of Word"

Research project

"Development of the Baszy genre:

from antiquity to this day "

Performed:

students of grade 5

Carpenter Angela,

Popova Daria,

Smutlovova Daria

Officers:

Ustyuzhanina S.A.

Plotnikova L.P.

2014

CONTENT

Theoretical block

The relevance of the project
The concept of bass as a literary genre.
The origin and development of the Basni genre in the works of famous Basnopisians.

Practical block

Layouts of information sheets for a "literary corner"
Bassni's own essay.

Conclusions for project implementation

Information sources

Theoretical block

In the lesson of literature, we studied the topic "Basni". The teacher told us that Basni, who were famous Basinisians. We also met the bass of various authors. We are interested in this material and wanted to know how the literary genre of Basney appeared and how he developed from ancient times to the present day.

We conducted a survey of 20 schoolchildren and 20 adults, asking them the same questions:

Do you know what fable is?

What basalists do you know?

What bass do you know?

What rows from the Basen remember by heart?

Do you think that fables are written modern writers?

The survey results allowed to do the following conclusions:

87% of students and 100% adults know what Basni is.

Among the famous Basnopisians I.A. Krylov, Esop, L.N. Tolstoy.

Responding to 3 questions, 100% of adults and children listed the names of Basen I. A. Krylov.

All adults and 67% of children were able to quote Basni.

The question of modern basinists caused difficulty in both children and adults. Many believe that modern writers compound Basni, but no one could give examples.

Objective of the project:explore the history of the development of the Bassni genre and develop information sheets for the "literary corner" in the office of the Russian language and literature.

Tasks:

explore the history of the development of the Bassni genre, using various information sources;

select and systematize material on the topic of research.

release information sheets for registration of a "literary corner" in the office of the Russian language and literature.

compose Baszy to publish in the school newspaper "Youth Speed".

introduce students, parents and school workers with project materials.

2. The concept of bass as a literary genre

Fable - poems or prosaic literary work moral, satirical nature. Acting persons usually come animals, plants, things. Patterns of people are ridiculed in the bass. Bassnya is one of the oldest literary genres. At the end of the bass, a brief moral conclusion is contained - the so-called morality. Often this is the final word of one of the actors in the Basna.

Bassni is characterized by the accuracy of folk sayings, cheerful and mocking tone, sobriety and practicality of the common spirit. The conclusion from the bass, their morality belongs to everyday wisdom, that is, aims to promote skills useful in life.

But there are fables and a completely different kind: instead of everyday delicacy, - in them enlightened naivety; Instead of a spoken language - slender literary speech, the overall tone of their elevated serious; The place of the elements of satire occupies a lyrics. Such, for example, verses V.A. Zhukovsky: "Sun and Borea" and "Dying Swan". In the form - these are real fables: the sun and wind act in the first poem, in the second - swan, dove and duck. Conclusion from the Bassen is expressed in the last words of poems. "Sun and Borea" ends with the words: "You see, the malice of self-volstary mercy is meek stronger"; "Dying Swan" - with the words: "Who lived in the world perfectly, he and dies." This genus Bass did not receive widespread, but its total significance, as well as its accessibility and proximity for all, is not subject to doubt.

The bass is accompanied by honorable antiquity, it clearly combines teaching with entertainment.

There are two concepts of the origin of the Basni. According to the first concept, the fable comes from the fairy tale about animals, and the fairy tale of animals is from the myth. According to the second concept, the bass is close to the proverbs and sayings.

The first bass were known in ancient times. It is believed that the first ancient Greek basinists were Gesiod(see Appendix No. 1) , who lived at the end of the IX - early VIII century BC, and Stsisikhor. - VI century BC.

IN Ancient Greece was famous Aesop(VI-V century BC) (see Appendix No. 2), writing fables in prose. In Rome - Fedr. (I am a century of our era).

The prominent Basinfather of the New Time was the French poetJ. Lafontaine () (See Appendix No. 3).

In Russia, the development of the genre of Basni refers to the middle of the XVIII - beginning of XIX. centuries and connected with the namesA. P. Sumarokov , I. I. Chemnisser, A. E. Izmailova, I. I. Dmitriev (See Appendix No. 4).Basni I. Dmitrieva is mainly the translation of the work of Lafontaine. The poet sought various paints to convey the stylistic subtleties of the original. "Muha", "Swan and Gagars", "Sparrow and Cheeky", "Palestor", "Father and Son", "Bee and Muha", "Elephant and Mouse" - plausible, instructive poetic stories.

In Russian poetry, a fastened free verse is produced, transmitting the intonation of a relaxed and delicate tale. Basni. I. A. Krylova (See Appendix No. 5) with their realistic liveliness, a sane humor and excellent language was the flourishing of this genre in Russia.

Widely used to all understandable and affordable genre basni. Lion Nikolaevich Tolstoy(See Appendix No. 6) . The writer wishes so that morality in his fables was alive and concrete, was clear even to children. Some Basni Lion Nikolayevich is raising hard work, honesty, courage, kindness. In other fables, the writer shows the real living conditions in the peasant family, makes you think over your attitude towards the elders and helpless.

IN soviet time Baszy acquired popularity Demyan poor (see Appendix No. 7), S. Mikhalkov (See Appendix No. 8).

Among the modern writers, our attention attracted Basnipractitionerteacher and developer of board games, toys and training techniques, director of the Children's Puppet Theater "Tililyuk"Oley Emelyanova (See Appendix No. 9).

III. Practical block

2.1 Layouts of information sheets

Appendix No. 1.

Greek poet who lived for about 700 to our era. The second after Homer is a great epic poet, the first reliably known personality in Greek literature. All his life, Hesiod spent in his native village, working on arable land and speaking in front of the people as a poet. The author of the poem "Theogony (i.e. pedigree gods)"

In the epic poem, "Proceedings and Days", Hesiod, the peasant labor is famous, threatens to oppress the peasants anger of the gods. In the edification of contemporaries, Gesiod tells the first fastening fastener in the history of European literature. This is the famous "parable about the nightingale and hawk", facing cruel and unfair ruler. In the parable of the Gesiod, we already meet all the signs of the fastened genre: animal characters, action outside of time and space, morality in the mouth of the hawk.

Bass now I will tell you the kings, even though they are reasonable.

This is what once said Solovy the Festroy Hawk -

He carried him high in the clouds, clasped claws.

The prisoner is plaintively crying, gazed by curvatures.

The hawk brought the word in response to him:

"Stupid, what are you shouting about?" After all, you keep you much better.

You will be there, where I rushed, even though the singer you are excellent.

I eat you, I want, but I can let go and free.

That nerazumen, who will want with stronger;

Does not reach the victory, disgrace only, it will suffer. "

So the full-range that hawk said stretching wings.

(S.I. Radzig Translation)

Appendix No. 2.

Aesop - Ancestor named according to his name "Ezopova" Basni. According to the oldest legend, he lived near the middle of the VI century. BC e., was a slave. There is a reason to assume that in the era of Aristophane (the end of V c.) In Athens, a written collection of Ezopova Bassen was known for which children were taught in school.

Basni Ezopa

Eagle, daw and shepherd.

The eagle flew with a high cliff and burned out of the herd of the lamb; And the daw, seeing it, envied and wanted to do the same. And with a loud cry she rushed to the ram. But, having confused by claws in the rune, she could not climb and only beat the wings until the shepherd, guessing, what was the matter, did not ran up and grabbed it. He cut her wings, and in the evening he took her to his children. Children began to ask what kind of bird? And he replied: "I probably know that this is a daw, but it seems like her, as if she was an eagle."

Eagle and Zhuk.

Eagle chased behind the hare. I saw the hare that there is no help to him, and prayed to the only one who turned up to him - to the dung beetle. He encouraged his beetle and, having seen an eagle in front of him, began to ask the predator not to touch the one who was looking for help. The eagle did not even pay attention to such an insignificant intercession and devoured a hare. But the beetle did not forget this resentment: he watched the eagle nesting and every time the eagle demolished the eggs, he climbed into the embroidery, rolled them out and smashed them. Finally, an eagle, nowhere to find peace, I was looking for a refuge with the Zeus himself and asked him to give him a calm place to sit down the eggs. Zeus allowed Eagle to put eggs to him for her sinus. A beetle, seeing this, rolled down the ball, took off to Zeus himself and dropped his ball to him for the sinus. Zeus got up to die off his manure, and dropped the eagle eggs. Since the same time, they say, eagles do not come with nests at that time, when manure beetles are displayed.

Bass teaches that he should never despise, for no one is powerless enough to not revenge for insult.

Appendix number 3.

(1621-1695)

- french Basinois. The value of Lafontaine for the history of the literature is that he created a new genre. In 1668, the first 6 books of Basen appeared, under a modest title: "Basni Ezopa, who were overlooked to the poems of Mr. De Lafontiton", the second edition, which already had 11 books, was released in 1678, and the third, with the inclusion of the twelfth book - at the end of 1693 of the year.

"Raven and Fox"

Uncle Raven, sitting on a tree,
Held cheese in his beak.
Uncle Lis, attracted by the smell,
He led such a speech with him:
"Good afternoon, noble raven!
What kind of see you! What beauty!
Right if your voice
Also, the same, like your feathers, -
Then you are the phoenix of our oak! "
The crow appeared little
He wanted to shine and voice,
Rushed the beak - and dropped cheese.
Picked up his fox and pivy:
"Sir, remember: every littleer
Feeds from those who listen to him -
Here is a lesson to you, and the lesson is cheese. "
And embarrassed raven sworn (but late!)
That another lesson does not need him.

Appendix No. 4.

(1760-1837)

russian poet, Basinista, statesman.

Dmitrieva's fables and fairy tales were considered the best decoration of his literary wreath, which was promoted by external qualities - a light language, a free and smooth session.

Trying to free the poems from heavy and obsolete forms, give it ease, smoothness and attractiveness, Dmitriev appeared, along with Karamzin, one of the converters of the Russian poetic language.

Bass "Muha"

Bull with a plow on peace dragged on writings;
And his fly was sitting on the horns,
And the fly they met dear.
"Where are you from, sister?" - From this there was a question.
And that, raising your nose,
In response, she says:
"Where does it come from? - We plowed! "
From Basni Fraved
Inappropriate to come to were.
Whether you sometimes have to hear, gentlemen:
"We shot down! We decided! "

Appendix No. 5.

(1769- 1844)

Russian poet, Basinista, translator, Empressor employee Public Library, Stat adviser, a valid member of the Imperial Russian Academy, ordinary academician The Imperial Academy Sciences on the separation of Russian language and literature.

In the youth of the wings, it was known primarily as a Satir writer, the publisher of the satirical magazine "Mail of Spirits". The wings are the author of more than 200 Basen, they went out into the world in nine parts and reissued very large for those times the circulations. The plots of many fables rise to the works of Ezop and Lafontaine, although there are a lot of original scenes. Many of the expressions from the Basen Krylov became covered.
"Chizh and Pigeon"

Chija slammed the villain-Western:
The poor thing in her and rushed and rushed,
And the pigeon of young above him was mocked.
"It's not ashamed," says, -
Caught!
I would not spend so much:
For that, I chat boldly. "
An, you look, immediately confused in a silk.
And the point!
Forward someone else's trouble do not laugh, doves.

Appendix No. 6.

More than a hundred years ago, in 1859, Tolstoy founded a national school in a clear glade. Children needed "ABC". And Tolstoy decided to write a book for them. When Tolstoy read the fables of Ezop, he realized that no "alphabet could not do without them. The works of Greek sage were covered.

The bass arose in a lively speech, as a proverb, as a taggy word, what has been said as a sketch for a comedian, like the teaching of the sage. Tolstoy checked his fables "from the voice," reading them to students, he listened to how they transmit "not only content, but also the general conclusion that, according to their concepts, follows from Basni."

In the pose of a thick fable - this is not only a smart comedy, but also a visual teaching. Bassni in Tolstoy translations is a whole book, lively and instructive, cheerful and sad, understandable to everyone, equally close to both children and adults, as all truly beautiful in art.

"Two comrades"

Two comrades walked around the forest, and a bear jumped on them. One rushed to run, got into the tree and hid, and the other remained on the road. He had nothing to do - he fell to the ground and pretended to be dead.

The bear approached him and began to sniff: he stopped breathing. The bear sniffed his face, thought that the dead, went away. When the bear left, he tears from the tree and laughs: "Well," says, - did you speak the bear in your ear? "

"And he told me that - bad people Those who are in danger from comrades run away. "

Appendix No. 7.

(1883–1945)

Russian poet. Real surname, name and patronymic - Druzviv Efim Alekseevich. He worked in the newspaper "True", where a huge number of his poems was published. In 1913 his first compilation "Basni" was published. The greatest fame and popularity of the poor has reached during the years Civil War - More than 40 collections of his poems were published, he wrote slogans and chastushki, fables and lyrics (for example, "as his mother accounted for me").

"Bug"

He lived on the light of the bug. And man lived Pankrat.

So somehow I happened to meet by chance.

Bug was glad to meet extremely;

Pankrat is not too happy.

And you need to say: the fate brought them together -

I do not remember exactly where, not that in court,

Not that in a very important place.

Circle - ranks yes to know. Elegant crowd

It is exhausted in curvators.

Pankrat I am without it on needles, -

And here it is not easy to carry a cloud!

Having crawled deftly by wallpaper

To the pankrat on the sleeve, the bug of a sort of hero

Speaking on hand and shake a trot.

From anger, our Pankrat has discovered all even:

"Oh, the hell, and you fed a peasant there!" -

And with all the scope, flashed on Corn free hand.

The world of Prahu and the eternal rest!

Reader, respond: don't you died with fear?

And I - nor alive is dead. Hanging sweaty forehead,

I sit, terrible guessed shocked:

Well, how is this bug - the government?!

Appendix number 8.

(1913-2009)

Sergey Mikhalkov has a password, and it is denoted by two all familiar words: "Uncle Step". It is this kind guilty, a brave and generous, saving people "task" and one of the movement of the hand preventing the crash of trains is firmly associated with the appearance and personality of the poet itself. We know him as a favorite poet of all boys and girls in total. Sergey Vladimirovich verses do not have to memorize. They are remembered themselves.

"Mushrooms"

Grew bright amansor among the forest clearing.
Rushed to his eyes in his eyes:
- Look at me! Noticeable no and there was no refining!
Well, how am I beautiful! Beautiful and poisonous!

And the white mushroom in the shade under the Christmas tree was silent.
And because no one noticed him ...

"Storks and frogs"

Argued a frog with a stork: who is more beautiful?
- I! - confidently said Stork. - Look, what are my beautiful legs!
- But I have four of them, and you have only two! - objected the frog.
"Yes, I have only two legs," said Stork, "but I have long!"
- And I can kill, and you are not!
- And I fly, and you just jump!
- You fly, and you can not dive!
- And I have a beak!
- Think, beak! What is it needed?!
- But what! - angry the stork and ... swallowed the frog.
No wonder they say that storks swallow frogs so that they do not argue with them.

Appendix number 8.

Practitioner teacher, children's game developer, writer, director of the Children's Puppet Theater "Tillyuk". With a subtle humor, it rises human vices, such as greed, rudeness, envy.

"Good and evil"

(Basnie in verse)

Happy as vest winds
They walked along the road together two kinds.
But evil is also not sitting at home
They overtake them and began to mock:
Sipped with legs, boots, beats,
In the face sweats, laughs and spits,
Restricted the bloody voyage
Like, there is no government anywhere on me!
One good tears was overgrown,
The second, squeezing fists, rose -
It is with evil three days, three nights beat,
And since that time it is called - justice!
Evil punished, she vowed,
What will protect good from evil.

I need to do good offense, you need to remember
That justice is also somewhere nearby.

(2010)

2.2. Basinie own essay

Ivan Sixpins, Sergey Kudryashov

"Brother and phone"

My brother, a lover of phones, he heard from people,

What is the phone - there is everything!

Only you will have a mobile phone and call

Where do you want, and play,

And you can listen to music.

And brother with a mobile so and soyak, he does not release him

Then the cat will give to listen, then the brother is posed,

Then the Internet will accidentally grate,

That will forget everything at all.

So it happens in people

How the thing is not useful - the prices are not knowing for her.

Forget about everything in the world

And do not call, but only you play!

2013

Sergey Kudryashov, Vorobyeva Nina Pavlovna

"Electric and Barbos"

In electricians hired a peasant,

He dressed his working jacket,

Went to work, turn on the light bulbs,

So that good people give light to the apartment.

Summer Barbos fits it

And says:

"Why do you give light?

Let them try to live,

Like we, a beast, live -

On the street, without light and heat. "

Electrician says:

"That you and the beast ...

And people should live like people.

And you, Barbos, do not be angry,

And be kinder to them.

Then you will be fed and in the warm cone.

And in gratitude, rightly serve:

Guardian House, Cattle Storeby,

Moral Basni is:

Create good and remember only one thing -

It will always return with Torica it.

2013

Anna and Olga Nikolaevna Zykov

"Basnie about two comrades"

Lived - there were two friends in the world,

Friend two are two good comrade.

And they were friends with infancy,

While were still inconsistent.

And how they became yes at the age

Then one of them began to faint:

Cigarettes smoking on the backyards,

Drink wine, moonshine, foam beer!

Began to walk at night unknown where,

Stolol for yourself white handles!

And the other - then comrade was smarter

And he was friends with the ball, and with nature.

Swim in the river, like a pike toothy,

Run quickly, like beasts.

I met some times he comrade

I did not recognize him - he was very ground,

Coughing that old men and centenary

At the lesson, it will be possible to deepen the idea of \u200b\u200bthe bass genre; expand the reading interest of students - to acquaint them with predecessors I.A. Krylov in the genre of bass; Traine elements comparative analysis texts; Learn to realize the moral, the life sense of the Basni; learn expressive reading Basen; develop creative abilities of students

Download:

Preview:

Galina Mihaylovna Moshkin,

russian language and literature teacher

GBOU SOSH No. 264 of St. Petersburg

Abstract open lesson on literature in grade 5

"Bassni genre in world literature"

Equipment: computer, projector,distribution material (see Appendix)

During the classes:

Orgmant, setting goals and objectives:

Slide 1.

The theme of our lesson "Bassni genre in world literature" (Slide 1). Today we have a final lesson on the general topic "Basni". We will be able to make a small excursion to the history of the design and development of the Basni genre; We learn the names of those who worked in the genre of Basni besides I.A. Krylova; We will improve your ability to analyze and expressly read Basni; Learn to correctly understand the meaning and moral of the Basen, as well as develop your creative abilities.I chose the epigraph to our lesson the following words: "Basnie - girlfriend of life ..."

Do we have the right to say so?

Why can we call the Bass "Girlfriend"? Who is a friend, girlfriend? (Listen to students' responses)

Conclusion: Appointment of Basni - In a bright living example, to teach some important life rule.

Work on the topic:

Bassni genre is known since ancient times (slide 4).

An ancient Greek sage and Basinist Ezop, who lived in the 6th century BC. (Write in the notebook). Let's listen about the life of Ezopa (a message says one of the students in the classroom, important moments Messages must be recorded in student notebooks; An approximate message is viewed in Appendix 2).

Slide 4.

The name of the legendary slave-wisdom fell forever for the fastened genre; All their fables of the Greeks and Romans called the "Fables of Ezop". Basni Ezopa written prose, witty, clearly and simple. Morals are always placed at the end. Let's listen to some of the Basen Ezop and try to reveal their meaning.

(In the performance of students, the basci Ezopa "Dog with a piece of meat", "deer and grapes") sound.

What vices ridicurate Esop in their fables? (Student responses: greed, stupidity, excessive credulity, naivety).

What Russian proverbs reflect the essence of Ezopovskaya Basen? ("For two hares, you will not catch one", "" Not Rubi bitch, on which you sit ").

Slide 5.

In the XVII century, the ancient genre was elevated (Slide 5) by the French writer Jean de Lafontiton (write in a notebook).

In the XVIII century, the bass began to quickly develop in Russia (slide 6), in the work of V.K. Tredyakovsky, A.P. Sumarokova, M.V. Lomonosov, as well as Majkova V.I., Dmitriev I.I., Chemnisser I.I. They sought to write fables simple spoken language, avoiding details in retelling, recreating live pictures of the morals, rude-beloved life.

Later, Basni (Slide 7), created by I.A. Wing. Somehow the wings very respectfully addressed the poet and Basinovsman Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev with a request to see his bale: three basins that he translated from Lafontaine. Dmitriev, who himself once translated the same Basni, came to full delight. "You found yourself, he said the wings. - This is true of your genus. Continue. Stop this literary genre... "Dar Krylova and N.V. Gogol. In his article, he wrote: "His Basni is by no means for children. His parables - the property of the people and make up the book of the wisdom of the nation itself. He has a thoughts and come too Russian. Everywhere he has Rus and smells Russia. "

Slide 7.

Slide 6.

Let's try to trace how the appearance of the Basini Ezopa "Fox and Grapes" changed for centuries that the Basinoisians contributed to the ancient work.

Reading Bassen Teacher (Basni Ezopa, Lafontaine, Krylova) -see Appendix 1

Slide 8.

Now, guys, using a comparative analysis plan on a slide (slide 8), let's try to find a common and different in these three fables (there are distribution material on the tables of students - all three fables read by the teacher. The teacher must touch each paragraph of a comparative analysis plan. Students, Responding, passing along the table "General and different" (slide 9) in notebooks).

General:

1 common topic, hero

2. The bass briefly depicts an event that has an instructive meaning, and animal actions resemble the actions of people.

3. Human defects (selfish, stupidity, vanity) are ridiculed in the bass.

4. Bass has a teaching - morality.

Various:

The fables of Ezop in terms of the rest of the rest, it is written in prosaic form, contains morality.

Slide 9.

Jana de Lafontena bass is more deployed: the action is transferred to France (LIS-Gasconets, LIS-Normal); Concept of poetic form; Morals at the French Basinist Other: He justifies the words of Lisa.

3. The Krylova Bass is even more deployed. Bass reminds a Russian fairy tale, "Kuma Lisa" operates in it, Russian intersectable and outdated words: Kumushka, Yahonts (rubies), illegal, eye (eyes), nemet, back. The straight morality is not derived, it is contained in the Russian proverb "Though sees the eye, yes tooth Neimet."

Conducting Fizkultminutka

Quiz bass I.A. Krylova.

Since today we have the final lesson, I suggest you once again recall the wonderful Basni I.A. Krylova. Now we will spend a small quiz. Student who scored the greatest number The tokens will receive for the lesson "5" (slides 11-17).

Slide 11.

Task 1. Determine the names of the Basen, where these lines come from(Students are invited to remember the names of the Basen for small accelerations. When the correct answer is received, a picture should appear on the screen illustrating this fable. An example of a task on a slide 11):

On the way, their business will not go,

And it does not come out of it,

Only flour.

("Swan, cancer yes pike")

And you, friends,

no matter how

All in musicians

do not go.

("Quartet")

Then they sniff them

that polish them ...

Points do not work in any way!

("Marty and glasses")

Neviji judge exactly like this:

The fact will not understand,

Then all their trifle. ("Rooster and Pearl Zero")

Task 2. Finish idioms (It is proposed to finish well-known winged expressions. Before performing the task, it is advisable to remember what kind of winged expressions. Wonderful if children comment on some of the winged expressions):

Slide 15.

Did you sing everything? This is a matter ... (so I look again!)
Cuckoo praises a rooster ... (For the fact that he praises a cuckoo)
What are the grip to work to work ... (no better on yourself, kuma, fuse?)
And the strik just ... (opened)
Trouble, Kohl Pieces will begin the oven shoemaker ... (and boots
Strong always ... (powerless to blame)
And Vaska listens ... (yes eats)
Elephant I and ... (not notic)
Ai, Pug! Know it ... (strong, stake barks on an elephant!)

Slide 16.

Task 3. Help the hero of Basni find his couple(On the slide, students see only one hero, they need to find a pair for him. For some heroes of Basen, you can find several options for couples (cock - cuckoo; cock - pearl grain):

Pig - Oak
Rooster - cuckoo
Moska - Elephant
Crow - Lisitsa
Lamb - Wolf
Dragonfly - ant
Foca - Demyan
Vaska - cook

Slide 17.

Task 4. Heroes "Mixed". Determine what kind of basin are they? (Students are invited to listen to the fable composed of excerpts of 3-known fables).

Once a swan, cancer yes pike,

Razbar Marty,

Donkey, goat and kolaty bear

Whenedd from the lumps of WHO.

And together everything was injected into it.

Got notes, bass, alta, two violins -

And sat on the meadow under Lipki, -

Failure to captivate with its art.

When there is no agreement in comrades,

On the way they will not work.

Seveled well done who are in the forest, who is on firewood,

Who has the power,

In the ears at the guest switched -

And he screwed his head.

This is the least former disassembly and disputes.

Who and how to sit.

It happened a nightingale to the noise to fly.

"Frequently," says, it is easy to say

You can listen without boredom. "

("Swan, cancer yes pike", "quartet", "nightingale")

Counting tokens, rewarding the winner. Estimation.

In 1855, sculptor P.K. Klodt created a unique monument I.A. in the city of St. Petersburg Wings. At the base of the monument, he posted the heroes of his bachen - animals, birds, plants. So the memory of the legendary Russian Basinoist will remain eternal.

Slide 19.

In the XX century, the Basni genre also developed. One of the famous Soviet Basnopisians - S.V. Mikhalkov (slide 19). Let's get acquainted with his Basney "Mushrooms":

Grew bright amansor among the forest clearing.

Rushed to his eyes in his eyes:

Look at me! Noticeable no cheeking!
How beautiful I am! Beautiful and poisonous! -

And the white mushroom in the shade under the Christmas tree was silent.

And because no one noticed him ...

Determine Moral Basni?

Conclusions on the lesson (answering the issues supplied by the teacher, the students thus make conclusions not only this lessonBut also throughout the topic (3-4 lessons) as a whole):

What new did you find out in the lesson?

Homework:

The XXI century will bring a lot of new names to the world. Will, probably, among them and new basinishers. Maybe you will find yourself? We write homework. At last lessons you have already tried to write a fairy tale. Now cook the fancy by using morality or the plot of one of the Basen you like. What vice did you rine in it?

A student of the Moscow school, also a five-grader, composed such a fable ... Try and dare and you!

Attachment 1

Bassni for comparative analysis

Aesop:

The hungry fox saw a grape vine with hanging clusters and wanted to get to them, but could not; And, leaving away, said herself: "They are still green!" So in humans: others can not succeed due to the fact that there are no power, but blames in this circumstance.

Jean de Lafonten:

Lis-Gasconets, and maybe Fox Normal

(Miscellaneous),

Dying with hunger, suddenly saw over a gazebo

Grapes, such a common mature, in ruddy skin!

Our courtesy would be glad to enjoy it,

Yes could not reach him

And said: "He is green -

Let them feed all the ramp! "

Well, isn't it better than celebrating to complain?

I.A. Wings:

Hungry Kuma Lisa climbed into the garden;

In it brushes grapes molded.

In the mouse, the eyes and teeth caught fire,

And the brushes are juicy, like yahonts, burn;

Only that trouble, they hang high:

Roll and how it will not go to them,

Although it sees the eye, yes tooth nemet.

Breaking through the hour of hour

I went and says with annoyance: "Well, well!

In appearance, he is good

Yes green - berries no mature:

Immediately OKOMIO NAME! "

Appendix 2.

Approximate message about Esophe

The name of Ezopa is mentioned in ancient Greek literature in 440-430 BC. It, like the Ezopa image itself, covered legends. About Esopa is reliably nothing known. We don't even know if he was historical person. According to legends, it was an elder, a member of Peters, a wise interlocutor. He is a slave, but smarter free citizens, ugroen ("Pubofully strolled, the head is that the boiler, smoky, with dark skin, injuring, googher ..."), but above the handsome. His external appearance did not comply with the idea of \u200b\u200bman's idea.

Bass in his mouth is an instrument of protecting the oppressed people from nobles. But since direct attacks against the rulers were dangerous, the ESOP elects an allegorical genre, the form of Basni. He, as it were, entertains the listeners with an oral story, but his goal is to transfer the rules that follow in society and at home, to teach the vitality of truthful stories and cases.

Hence the name - Ezopov language is a language allegorical, under the guise of entertainment, it is used for ridicule and teaching. Ezop was considered and considered the impetus to the fastener genre, the discoverer, the inventor of the fasteners of the fasteners.

All subsequent basinishers (Fedr, Lafonten, Wings, etc.) used plots for the first time entered into the literature by Ezopom.

In the XVII century, the ancient genre was made up by the French writer Jean De Lafontiton

In Russia, the bass began to develop especially quickly in the XVIII century - in the work of V.K.Teviakovsky, A.P. Sumarokova, V.I. Maikova, I.I. Dmitriev, I.I. Chemnisser, M.V. Lomonosov.

Basinie, created by I.A. Krylov (1769-1844). "You found yourself, said I.I. Dmitriev I.A. Wings. - This is true of your genus. Continue. Stop on this literary genre ... "

Plan of Comparative Analysis Theme Basni Heroes Basni Events, Action Heroes Purpose Baszy Moral Artistic features (Fine-expressive means) Fox and Grapes Bass

A common various topic (about a fox that wanted to enjoy grapes); 1. Volume; 2. Hero Basni - Fox; 2. Form (poems and prosaic); 3. The bass briefly depicts an event that has an instructive meaning, and animal actions resemble the actions of people; 3. The action is more deployed at J. de Lafontena and I.A. Krylova; 4. The flames of people are ridiculed in the bass: selfish, vanity; ---- 5. The bass has a teaching - morality. 4. Moral Basni Ezopa and I.A. Krylova is the same, Zh.Da Lafontna - a little different.

Determine the names of the Basen, from where these lines are taken: when there is no agreement in comrades, they will not go to the way, and it will be out of it, only flour. Bass "Swan, Cancer and Pike"

And you, friends, no matter, do not go to the musicians. Bass "Quartet"

They sniff them, they polish them ... There are no glasses in any way! Bass "Marty and Points"

Neviji is judged exactly this way: what's the point will not understand, then all their trifle. Bass "Rooster and Pearl Grain"

2. Finish the winged expressions: Did you sing everything? This is the case ... The cuckoo praises a rooster ... than the grooves to work ... And the Larchchik just ... trouble, Kohl Pieces will begin the stove shoemaker ... Strong always ... And Vaska listens ... Elephant, and ... Ay, Moskka! To know ...

3. Help the hero of the fable to find his pair: pig rooster Musk Crow Lamb Cuckoo dragonfly Foka Vaska

four . Heroes "Mixed". Determine what kind of basin are they?

Monument I.A. Kryona in St. Petersburg in the summer garden

Bassni genre in the XX century ... S.V. Mikhalkov Mushrooms grew a bright amansor among the forest clearing. I rushed into all the eyes of his incoming look: Look at me! Noticeable no cheeking! How beautiful I am! Beautiful and poisonous! - And the white mushroom in the shade under the Christmas tree was silent. And because no one noticed him ...

Bassni genre in the XXI century ... At last lessons you have already tried to write a fairy tale. Now cook the fancy by using morality or the plot of one of the Basen you like. What vice did you rine in it?

Glory Vasilyev Great Basinowers Beauty Dragonflower, Osa, Bee and God's Cow decided to write a fable. Yes, so that in Guinness Book Get. Givered handles, paper clips, buttons and leaf and sat down by dub. Sit, sit the leaf is all empty. "Girlfriends, stand! - screaming dragonfly. So that it is better to write a fancy, let's sit on the bed. It is better to think better! And the fable will be like aware of? "

« No, with, books books. And if B, between us,
I was a censor appointed,
On the fables would be left. Oh, Basni - My death!
Mocking eternal above the lions, above the eagles!»
A.S Griboedov

Introductory word to quiz

The subject of our conversation is bass. Bass belongs to the oldest literary genres. The works of this kind were transferred from the mouth to the mouth, rewritten rained so that each subsequent generation would not forget about the simple truths set forth in them. Since childhood, we know about the ravene and a fox, an elephant and Pug, other characters. And what is bass? Today's quiz is devoted to this interesting genre.

Quiz on the theme "Basnya" contains 15 questions. All questions are provided with answers.

Victor's compiler Iris Revu

1. What is bass?
Answer: Bass - short story, most often in verses, mainly satirical nature, consists of joining, events and morality.

2. Man writing a fable, referred to as ...
Answer: Basinoisha

3. Who is usually acting persons Basni?
Answer: Animals endowed with human qualities, plants, things

4. No famous peopleAround the Bassni genre, do you know?
Answer: Esop, Fedr, Lafonten, Lessing, Sumarokov, Chemnitzer, Kantemir, Tredyakovsky, Izmailov, Dmitriev, Wings, Demyan Poor, Mikhalkov and others

5. What kind of basalist is we talking about?

Who did not hear his live word?
Who in life did not meet with him? ..

Everyone knew and saw the mind of the singer inquisitive,
All the stronger wishing one,
So that lived life free and happy
The people of his and his homeland.

Answer: about Ivan Andreevich Krylov

6. What is Moral Basni?
Answer: Moral Basni is a brief moral conclusion, an instructive conclusion from the main story, which is given at the beginning or in the end of the Basni

7. What is the structure (composition) of Basni?
Answer: In the most general case - the tie, development, culmination, junction. Sometimes any component may be absent

8. Is there always morality in the bass?
Answer: As a rule, yes. But morality can not always be represented explicitly. Sometimes, it is read "between the lines", as if "dissolved" in the bass.

9. What is the main goal of Basni?
Answer: Purpose: Basni is an autopsy and designation of human defects, disadvantages and flaws of public life. Reminder of old truths.

10. In Basna, as a rule, allegorically depicts human actions and social relations. What is an allegory?
Answer: Allegorical image of the subject, phenomena in order to most clearly show its essential features. Allegory - Allegory - an image of an abstract concept through a specific image.

I wrote to those people in the edification,
That the bosses are wound without end,
Ready for the indication
Count ordinary chisania
Superior face.

Answer: S.Mikhalkov

12. From which Basen I.A. Krylova these phrases?

"And you, friends, no matter how much, all in the musicians are not good";
Answer: "Quartet"

"Cheese fell - with him there was a plot of such";
Answer: "A Crow and a fox"

"Yes, you worked in the summer, so go babysit";
Answer: "Dragonfly and ant"

"Since the Demyan has no foot";
Answer: Demyanova Ear

"And Vaska listens, yes eats";
Answer: "Cat and cook"

"The cuckoo praises a rooster for praising his cuckoo";
Answer: "Cuckoo and Rooster"

"When you might raise you, you would be seen."
Answer: "Pig under the oak."

13. What is an impersonation?
Answer: Elimination - endowment of human qualities of animals, the revival of objects, nature phenomena.

14. What is Ezopov Language?
Answer: Ezopov Language (by the name of the Greek Basinist Ezopa) - the ability to disguise the main thought.

15. Why do we need, the inhabitants of the XXI century, need to study the Basni?
Answer: Vices in society did not disappear. Basni did not lose relevance and nowadays.

Bass genre is a fictional incident, the fiction, told for the hits, for the sake of a red sense, an allegorical, instructive story, Pupil, affection, parable, where it is customary to bring animals and even verbal things.

Basnya is ancient genre of verbal art, a small product in terms of volume. But this does not detract from her merits. Moral, given by the author at the beginning of the work, helps readers to tune in to the desired way, immediately and accurately understand the thoughts of the author expressed by Ezopov language. It is important to understand why the fable is written, in which its main meaning. With its help, a person just felt like himself, I was looking for an answer to the question: how to behave in this huge complex world?

The main instructive idea of \u200b\u200bBasni is Moral. This also relates it to the parable. As characters in the Basna, animals, plants, birds, fish, things are playing. Heroes behave humanly, are endowed with human qualities. We learn the properties of the nature and features of the human behavior, to which the author refers disapprovingly, ridicules or condemns them.

The Language of Bassen is lightweight, simple, they are well remembered, and especially the beginning and the end, in which most often the most important thing is said.

A special place in the formation and development of the genre belongs to ancient Greece. Scientists believe that the first fable, which reached us belongs to Gesiod (VIII - VII century BC) is the parable of the nightingale and the hawk facing cruel and unfair rulers.

If something can be proved by the case, then it has no reason to spend words.

Lee is great, there is no evil, it is not necessary to do it.

True treasure for people - the ability to work.

The first began to compose and tell the Basni Ezop, who lived in ancient Greece on the island of Samos in the sixth - fifth centuries BC. His fables were prose.

The syllable was simple and only slightly rummaged over everyday speech.

Esop, without being able to directly express his thoughts, told in the fables about the life of animals, bearing in mind the relationship of people. Ezopovsky, understandable to the cracked reader, made it possible to avoid persecution and express forbidden thoughts with various techniques. First of all, defaults and inconsiderators were used. In esopovic purposes, irony and irony were widely applied.

Esop - Frygian by origin. He was ugly, but wise and possessed literary giving. Ezop was a slave of a rich Samos citizen of Jajmon. Later he was released on the will, and spent some time with the court of the Lidiorsky king. The Delphic Priests Ezop was accused of sacreed and was reset from the rock.

Later, the name of Ezopa became a symbol. His works were transferred from mouth to mouth. And in the third century before our era, his fables were recorded in 10 books. There is reason to assume that at the end of the fifth century in Athens, a written collection of Esopovskaya Bassen was known, according to which children were taught in schools. "You're ignorant and lazy, even Ezopa did not learn," says the Aristophan one act.

Later, Basni Ezopa was translated, often reworked, were transferred in verses to many languages \u200b\u200bof the world, including famous fan of Jean Lafonten and Ivan Krylov. Some Basni Ezopa retold pricing for children L. N. Tolstoy.

In Russian, the full translation of all Esopovskaya Bassen was published in 1968.

There is nothing more dangerous than ignorant friend

Suns more flies in food than in vinegar.

J. Lafontaine

Traditions of Ezopa were continued in the work of other authors. In the XVII century, the ancient genre was arranged by the French writer Lafonten.

Lafontaine Jean is the famous French poet Basinois. Since childhood, he was distinguished by a recalcitrant temper, was sent to study the right to the Paris Oratorian seminary.

The literary glory of Lafontin is based entirely on his fables, which he composed solely for the highest Paris light, for the court aristocracy.

Introducing your fables, Lafonten scream inspiration in the original sources: Ezopa, Fedra. The basal of Ezopa had a practical goal, being an illustration of a teaching. Lafontaine the center of gravity gradually moves to the story.

The task of Lafontaine is in a new way, fresh and original, tell the old fable. In traditional plot frames, he introduces a lot of new, real-life material. Basni Lafontaine show an extensive picture of modern French life.

The features of the style of Lafontaine are closely related to its worldview. It is based on clarity, sobriety and accuracy of observation of real reality at the same time - an acute feeling of contradictions of this reality, generates a humorous, mocking interpretation of events.

Basni Jean Lafontena had a huge impact on the development of all European literature. In Russia, in the footsteps of Lafontaine, all prominent Russian Basinople were walked: Sumarokov, Izmailov, Dmitriev, Wings.

I love where there is a case, vices pinch.

To be strong

Be smart better twice.

A helpful fool is more dangerous than the enemy.

I. A. Krylov

For the true glory of his talent and for the history of Russian literature, the famous Russian Basinople, Ivan Andreevich Krylov was born only when he passed the forty years. He realized his destination and devoted his creativity Basna. In 1808, the first edition of his "Bassen" was published.

The book was excavated by gripping and brought a huge success wing. It was a lot of printed. Although the wings often used the plots of Ezopa, Lafontaine, his works are absolutely independent. Basen on borrowed plots only 30, the rest belong to him and in fiction, and by the story. The wings inherited the tradition of identifying people with animals from their predecessors.

But the skill of Krylov - the Basinista is not to imitate this tradition. Basni I. A. Krylova - perfectly at the power of the expression, on the beauty of the form and liveliness of the story, thin yumor and a purely popular language. The famous Basinista fell ruthlessly executed all sorts of disadvantages of the human race, any evil, a variety of types of nonsense and vulgarity, attributing these disadvantages to animals, and did it with glitter.

The fact that popular expressions were dissolved in the language of Krylov, constitutes one particular feature.

Zhukovsky wrote that the Baszy Krylov was taught readers to "love the domestic language". This is alive people's speechwhich the wings boldly introduced into Russian poetry. This constitutes the feature of Bassen I. A. Krylov. The great Basinople made a huge contribution to the formation of a Russian literary language.

And vice versa, many expressions began to be perceived as the proverbs "And Vaska listens and he eats", "" And the Larchik simply opened "," Elephant - I didn't notify. "

Smart and caustic Basinie Krylov raised whole generations of advanced people, and the wings himself in each new era turned out to be in the ranks of the best advanced writers.

Baszy Krylov is a special world that comes to us in childhood, but unlike many children's books, then it does not go anywhere, and forever remains with us.

I. A. Krylov belonged to the number of the best writers. His talent appreciated the Derzhanin himself. Foreigners, as well as Russian, worshiped Krylov's talent. Basni him, especially those in which there are more national flavor, were translated into different European languages.

And people in life are carried by what they learned from such, it would seem that the simple wallens of the Bass. Everyone knows that "helpful fool is more dangerous than the enemy," that the "strong is always powerless to blame" that "trouble, the pies will begin the stove shoemaker, and the boots to throw the piedrobe" that "flattening the gnus is harmful," but "in the heart of the smoke always Laying the corner. "

Having achieved such a brilliant heyday in the works of Krylov, the bass more than a century almost disappeared from Russian literature

In Soviet times, the bass was presented in the work of Demyan Poor. Nowadays, the faded traditions continue to S. V. Mikhalkov, S. I. Oleinik.

The bass genre is relevant today, therefore, we decided to try our strength on this field.

Thanks to this project, we learned a lot about Basna as a literary genre, its features.

I got acquainted with the works of famous Basinasians: Ezopa, Jean Lafontena, I. A. Krylov, and tried his creative forces in this genre.

Objectives of the lesson: to deepen the idea of \u200b\u200bthe bass genre; ü expand the reader's horizons; ü teach correctly understand the meaning and moral of the Basen; ü teach expressively read fables; ü teach elements of a comparative analysis of texts. Ü.

Ancient Greece by the ancestor of the genre of Basni is considered an ancient Greek sage Ezop, who lived in the VI century BC. e.

In Russia, the bass began to develop especially quickly in the XVIII century - in the work of V. K. Trediakovsky, A. P. Sumarowova, V. I. Maikova, I. I. Dmitriev, I. I. Chemnisser, M. V. Lomonosov.

Basinie, created by I. A. Krylov (1769 -1844) obtained the greatest fame. "You found yourself, said I. I. Dmitriev I. A. Krylov. - This is true of your genus. Continue. Stop on this literary genre ... "

THEORY. Basnya is a brief allegoric story in verses or prose, ridiculeling human defects and disadvantages of public life. Moral is a moral conclusion. Allegory is an image of a life situation in which we can see a summary meaning in concrete when one phenomenon is depicted through another.

Point allegations when Basinople depict animals, but mean people. Allegory came up with Ezop, who lived about three thousand years ago in ancient Greece. Until now, allegory speech is called Ezopov.

The purpose of Basni is a ridicule of human defects, disadvantages of public life. In an allegorical plot of bass, the acting persons are more often conditional fasteners.

Ivan Andreevich Krylov (1769 - 1844) was born in the family of an army officer. 10 years was a boy when father died. From 11 years he began working in the office of the Kalyazinsk Zemsky court. (I rewritten the paper, spread packages, revenge goose feathers.) My independently studied French and italian Languages. Engaged in mathematics, literature. Worked for a librarian for 30 years. Literary activities He started like playwright - the author of works for the theater. But it became famous for his bass.

Comparative analysis plan 1. Basinie theme 2. Bassni heroes 3. Events, actions of heroes 4. Bassni target 5. Morality 6. Art features (visual means) Bass "Fox and grapes"

Total Various 1. Theme (about a fox that wanted 1. Volume; to enjoy grapes); 2. Hero Basni - Fox; 2. Proser shape); (poems and 3. Basin briefly depicts an event that has an instructive meaning, and the acts of animals resemble the actions of people; 3. The action is more deployed from J. De Lafontena and I. A. Krylova; 4. The flavors of people are ridiculed: selfishness, vanity ; ---- 5. The bass has a teaching - moral. 4. Morals of the Basni Ezopa and I. A. Krylov is the same, in J. de Lafontin - a little different.

Quiz Basznim I. A. Krylova 1. Determine the names of the Basen, where these lines are taken from: ü When there is no agreement in the comrades, there will be no matter on the way, and it will not work out of it, only flour. Bass "Swan, Cancer and Pike"

ünezh judge exactly like this: what is the point you will not understand, then all their trifle. Bass "Rooster and Pearl Grain"

2. Finish the winged expressions: ü Did you sing everything? This is a matter ... ü Cuckoo praises a rooster ... ü than a bitter to work ... üa Larkor just ... ü misfortune, kid pies will start the stove shoemaker ... ü in a strong always ... Üa Vaska listens ... ü, Moskova! To know ...

3. Help the hero of Basni Find your pair: Pig üppy ÜMoska ÜVorone Ü гененов ÜKukushka ÜTecage ÜFOK Ü Vaska ü

Bassni genre in the 20th century ... S. V. Mikhalkov Mushrooms grew a bright amanom among the forest clearing. I rushed into everything in his eyes his cheeky look: Sick on me! Noticeable no cheeking! -How I am beautiful! Beautiful and poisonous! - And the white mushroom in the shade under the Christmas tree was silent. And because no one noticed him ...